Q.1 Find the real root of the equation xlog10x- 1.

2 = 0 correct to four
decimal places using Newton-Raphson method

Solution:

1. Given :

The equation xlog10x- 1.2 = 0

2. To find :

The real root of the equation xlog10x- 1.2 = 0

3. Formulae :

f ( xn )
xn 1 = xn 
f ( xn )

4. Solution :

Compute the real root of x log10x = 1.2 which lie between 2 and 3 and correct
the result to three decimal places.
f(x) = x log(x) -1.2
f ( xn )
xn 1 = xn 
f ( xn )

f(2) = 2 log(2) -1.2 = - 0.5980 (negative)

f(3) = 3 log(3) - 1.2 = 0.231 (positive)

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Since f(2) and f(3) have opposite signs, so the root of f(x) will be lies between 2
and 3 let a= 2 and b =3
Hence the approximation to the root is
x0 = 2
Newton- Raphson formula is given by :
f ( x0 )
x1 = x0 
f ( x0 )

Now f(2) = 2 log(2) - 1.2= -0.597

x1= 2.813164

The second approximation to the root is

Now, for x1= 2.813164
f(2.813164) = 0.063659
f’(2.813164) = 0.883489
f ( x1 )
x2 = x1 
f ( x1 )

Thus, x2= 2.74110994

The third approximation to the root is

Now, for x2= 2.74110994
f(2.74110994) = 0.000404557
f’(2.74110994) =0.8722209
f ( x2 )
x3 = x2 
f ( x2 )

Thus, x3= 2.740646116

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The fourth approximation to the root is
Now, for x3= 2.740646116
f(2.740646) = 0.000000017
f’(2.740646) =0.872147443
f ( x3 )
x4 = x3 
f ( x3 )

Thus, x4= 2.740646097

Thus, the real root of the equation provided is 2.74064.

2. Find the eigenvalues and corresponding eigen vectors of the following

matrices using Jacobi’s method.

1 2
A= [ ]
2 1

Solution:

1. Given :

1 2
A= [ ]
2 1

2. To find :

The eigenvalues and corresponding eigen vectors

3. Formulae :

B = S-1AS

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4. Solution :

1 2
A= [ ]
2 1

Now, a11= a22=1 and

a12= a21=2

2𝑎𝑖𝑗
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 =
𝑎𝑖𝑖 − 𝑎𝑗𝑗

Therefore, Ө= π/4

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
S= [ ]
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

𝑐𝑜𝑠45 −𝑠𝑖𝑛45
S =[ ]
𝑠𝑖𝑛45 𝑐𝑜𝑠45

0.707 −0.707
S=[ ]
0.707 0.707

0.707 0.707
Hence , S-1 = [ ]
−0.707 0.707

0.707 0.707
S-1 = [ ]
−0.707 0.707

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Therefore , B = S-1AS

0.707 0.707 1 2 0.707 −0.707

B=[ ]×[ ]×[ ]
−0.707 0.707 2 1 0.707 0.707

3 0
B=[ ]
0 −1

1 2
Hence, the Eigen Values of the matrix A= [ ] are 3 and -1
2 1

1/√2 −1/√2
And, the eigen vectors are [ ]
1/√2 1/√2

3. Compute y at x=14 using Stirling’s formula, given that

1. Given :

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2. To find :

y at x=14 using Stirling’s formula

3. Formulae :

4. Solution :

X Y ∆Y ∆2Y ∆3Y ∆4Y

5 10
16
10 26 3
19 0
15 45 3 0
22 0
20 67 3
25
25 92

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Given , y0 = 45, ∆y-1 = 19 , ∆y0 = 22 , ∆2 y-1 = 3

14−15
q= = -0.2
5

 19  22  (0.22 )
P( x)  45  ( 0.2)    x3
 2  2
P(14)  45  4.1  0.666

 P(14)  40.96

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