BASE QUANTITIES/kuantiti asas (SI QUANTITIES) Nilai pengukuran yang sangat besar atau sangat kecil

 Base quantities are physical quantities that cannot be ditulis dalam bentuk piawai supaya kemas, ringkas dan
defined in terms of other physical quantities senang dibaca.
 Kuantiti fizikal yang tidak boleh ditakrifkan dalam sebutan Bentuk piawai = A x 10n, 1 ≤ A < 10 and n = integer
kuantiti fizikal yg lain
Example 2
Base Quantity (Symbol) Base Unit (Symbol) State the following figures in standard form:
Length/panjang (l) metre (m) Nyatakan yang berikut dalam bentuk piawai:
Mass/jisim(m) kilogram (kg)
Time/masa(t) second/saat (s) (i) 2340000000000000000000000s = _________________s
Electric current/arus elektrik (I) Ampere (A)
Temperature/suhu (T) Kelvin (K) (ii) 0.00000000000000000367kg = __________________kg

DERIVED QUANTITIES/kuantiti terbitan
 Derived quantities are physical quantities which are
derived from the base quantities by multiplication or
division or both.
 Kuantiti fizikal yang diterbitkan dari kuantiti asas melalui
pendaraban/pembahagian atau kedua-duanya sekali
Exercise 1
Write the following quantities in standard form :
Nyatakan yang berikut dalam bentuk piawai:
a. Radius of the earth = 6 370 000 m =……………………...
b. Size of a particle = 0.000 03 m =…………………………

Derived Formula Derive c. Diameter of an atom = 0.000 000 072 m = ……………….

quantities d Units
Area/luas area = length x width d. Wavelength of light = 0.000 000 55 m = ………………...
= panjang x lebar
Volume/ volume = length x width x height PREFIX/Imbuhan
isipadu = panjang x lebar x tinggi  Prefix is used to simplify the expression of very big or
Density/ density = mass very small numerical values of physical quantities.
ketumpatan volume  Digunakan untuk meringkaskan sebutan nombor
= jisim yang sangat besar atau sangat kecil untuk kuantiti
isipadu
fizikal.
Velocity/ velocity = displacement
halaju time prefix Value/nilai
= sesaran tera (T) 1012
masa giga (G) 109
Acceleration/ acceleration = changes in velocity mega(M) 106
pecutan time kilo(k) 103
= perubahan halaju Hector/hekto (h) 102
masa Deca/deka (da) 101
momentum momentum = mass x velocity Deci/desi (d) 10-1
= jisim x halaju Centi/senti (c) 10-2
Force/daya force = mass x acceleration Milli/mili (m) 10-3
= jisim x pecutan Micro/mikro (µ) 10-6
Pressure/ pressure = force nano (n) 10-9
tekanan area pico (p) 10-12
= daya
luas Exercise 3
Complete the following table/Lengkapkan jadual
Example 1 dibawah
The extension of an elastic spring is directly proportional to
the stretching force acting on it. It can be shown by the
following formula:
F = k x where F = the force (unit kgms-2)
k = spring constant
x = the extension (unit m)
Determine the unit of the spring constant k.

STANDARD FORM/Bentuk piawai

The values of measurements which is either very large of
very small are written in Standard Form so as to be neater,
brief and easier to read.
Standard form = A x 10n, 1 ≤ A < 10 and n = integer
Exercise 4 (f) 5600cm3 = _________________m3
Convert the following to specified unit
Tukarkan nilai berikut ke unit yang dinyatakan
(g) 0.0089m3 = _________________mm3
(a) 0.0298 Tm = ________________m

(h) 8000 mm3 = _________________m3

(b) 0.00012 G s = _______________s

(c) 214000 µA = ________________A Exercise 8

Convert the following to the specified unit
(d) 223000 nK = ________________K Tukarkan yang berikut pada unit yang dinyatakan
(a) 5 gcm-3 into the units kgm-3
(e) 214000 A = ________________TA

(f) 223000 K = ________________MK (b) 0.0078 kgm-3 into the units gcm-3

(g) 0.0024 A = ________________µA

(h) 0.00012 K = _______________ nK (c) 72 kmh-1 into the units of ms-1

Exercise 5
Convert the following to specified unit (d) 15 ms-1 into the units kmh-1
Nyatakan yang berikut dalam bentuk piawai:

(a) 298000 m = _________________ Tm

(e) 4500 gcm-3s-1 into the units kgm-3h-1
(b) 5670000 s = _________________Ms

(c) 0.000214 A = ________________µA

(d) 0.00223 K = __________________nK Exercise 8

The table above shows the measurement of length for four
Exercise 6 different objects.
Convert the following to the specified unit
Tukarkan yang berikut pada unit yang dinyatakan

(a) 0.000342 Tm = _________________µ m (a) Which reading is the longest?

(b) 0.00657 Gs = _________________ks (b) Which reading is the shortest?

(c) Arrange the readings according descending order.

(c) 214000 nA = ________________TA
(d) Which reading is more than 1 metre?
(d) 0.00223 µK = __________________mK .
(e) A cube of sides 7.2 x 103 mm. State the volume of the
cube in unit of m3
Exercise 7
Convert the following to the specified unit
Tukarkan yang berikut pada unit yang dinyatakan

(a) 0.02m2 = _________________cm2

(b) 400cm2 = _________________m2

(c) 0.0067m2 = _________________mm2

(d) 43000 mm2 = _________________m2

(e) 0.062m3 = _________________cm3