ANSWER SHEET:

1. 16.
2. 17.
3. 18.
4. 19.
CLASSIFIED EXAMINATION
5. 20.
FOR CRITICAL TEST ANALYSIS
6. 21.
Nutrition and Diet Therapy 7.
8.
22.
23.
LOCAL NURSING LICENSURE EXAM 9. 24.
10. 25.
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12. 27.
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13. 28.
14. 29.
Recommended caloric intake daily for children would be 1800 15. 30.
up to 2400 kcal. For an adult male it is around 2500 up to 2900
kcal while for an adult female it would be around 2000 kcal per A. Avitaminosis C. Cardiomegaly
day B. Hepatotoxicity D. Diarrhea
1. This postpartal mother wants to lose the weight she gained in
pregnancy, so she is reluctant to increase her caloric intake for Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, meaning that your body
breast-feeding. By how much should a lactating mother increase doesn't store it. We get what we need, instead, from food.
her caloric intake during the first 6 months after birth?
A. 350 kcal/day C. 200 kcal/day 7. Sonny is to be discharged in the afternoon of the same day after
B. 500 kcal/day D. 1000 kcal/day tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. You as the RN will make sure
that the family knows to:
A food guide pyramid is a triangular or pyramid-shaped nutrition A. Offer soft foods for a week to minimize discomfort while
guide divided into sections to show the recommended intake for swallowing
each food group. The first food pyramid was published in B. Supplement his diet with vitamin C rich juices to enhance
Sweden in 1974. The most widely known food pyramid was healing
introduced by the United States Department of Agriculture in C. Offer clear liquid for 3 days to prevent irritation
1992, was updated in 2005 D. Offer osterized feeding
2. In June 2011, the USDA stopped using the food guide pyramid 8. A gastrectomy is a partial or full surgical removal of the
and decided to go with a food guide that reflects the food stomach. Mr. Babao underwent a total gastrectomy for gastric
choices that would contribute to fitness: cancer. Nurse Tintin has been giving him post-op instructions
A. My Good Food Food Guide about his diet, activities, and medications. Which of the following
B. My Right Diet Food Guide statements made by Mr. Babao indicates that he understands
C. My Plate Food Guide his post-op care?
D. My Silver Spoon Food Guide A. "I should take a walk after meals to aid my digestion."
B. "Drinking more water with my meals will prevent
The primary function of carbohydrates is to provide energy for indigestion."
the body, especially the brain and the nervous system. An C. "I need more carbohydrates in my diet for an extra energy
enzyme called amylase helps break down carbohydrates into source."
glucose (blood sugar), which is used for energy by the body. D. "The visiting nurse will come monthly to give an injection of
vitamin B12."
3. For the client’s stool to be “formed” which of the following food
are added to the diet? Dietary minerals (also known as mineral nutrients) are the
A. Boiled rice C. Cheese chemical elements required by living organisms, other than the
B. Spaghetti and Macaroni D. Bran four elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen present
in common organic molecules. Examples of mineral elements
include calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, zinc, and
Proteins and carbohydrates contain 4 kcal per gram as opposed iodine.
to lipids which contain 9 kcal per gram
9. Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and
4. While doing a nutritional assessment of a low-income family, the loss of bone tissue. Two essential minerals for normal bone
community health nurse determines the family’s diet is formation are calcium and phosphate. Nurse Arlyn knows that
inadequate in protein content. The nurse could suggest which of the client understands the role of nutrition in preventing
the following foods to increase protein content with little increase osteoporosis if she adds which food to her diet?
in food expenditure: A. Oatmeal C. Moringa
A. Oranges and potatoes C. Rice and Macaroni B. Peaches D. Poached chicken
B. Potatoes and rice D. Peas and Beans
The recommended dietary intake of Magnesium for pregnant
5. It provides a reliable indicator of body fatness for most people women is 350 to 400 mg per day.
A. BMR C. BMX
B. BMI D. BMO 10. Nurse Abby instructs her pregnant patient to increase her intake of
C. food high in magnesium because of its role with which of the
Vitamins are classified as either water-soluble or fat-soluble. In following?
humans there are 13 vitamins: 4 fat-soluble (A, D, E, and K) and A. Prevention of demineralization of the mother’s bones
9 water-soluble (8 B vitamins and vitamin C) B. Ascorbic acid metabolism
C. Synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and fats
6. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed through the intestinal tract D. Synthesis of neural pathways in the fetus
with the help of lipids (fats). Excessive intake of these vitamins
may result to which condition
DR. CARL E. BALITA REVIEW CENTER TEL. NO. 735-4098/7350740 -1-
11. Diet therapy for Sonny, who has acute renal failure, is low
protein, low potassium and low sodium. The nutrition instruction
should include:
A. Encourage client to include raw cucumbers, carrots,
cabbage and tomatoes
B. Allowing the client cheese, canned foods and other
processed food
C. Recommended protein of high biologic value like eggs,
poultry and lean meat
D. Bananas, cantaloupe, orange and other fresh fruits can be
included in the diet
12. Carina is a vegetarian, which of the following nutritional
deficiency could put her at a great risk?
A. IRON C. FOLIC ACID
B. VITAMIN C D. VITAMIN B12
The number of taste buds decreases beginning at about age 40
to 50 in women and at 50 to 60 in men. Each remaining taste bud
also begins to atrophy (lose mass).
13. Nurse Baldo is trying to feed his 69 year old patient who does
not want to eat lunch and complains that the food that is served
doesn’t taste good. Consistent with knowledge about age
related changes to taste, the nurse may find that the client eats
more amounts of:
A. Greasy foods C. Sweet foods
B. Sour foods D. Bitter foods
Diet therapy is a broad term for the practical application of
nutrition as a preventative or corrective treatment of disease.
This usually involves the modification of an existing dietary
lifestyle to promote optimum health.
14. After 10 days, the physician determined that Mr. Sauro is ready
for Oral feedings. As the nurse, you would expect that the initial
feeding for the client post laryngectomy should consist of:
A. Clear liquid such as Bullion
B. Sweet liquid such as Fresh juice
C. Thickened liquid such as apple sauce
D. Osteorized feeding through NGT
A clear liquid diet is often used before tests, procedures or
surgeries that require no food in your stomach or intestines,
such as before colonoscopy.
15. Jesse is on a clear liquid diet. The nurse can offer him:
A. Milk
B. Ice Cream
C. Jell-O
D. Freshly Squeezed Orange Juice
The full liquid diet is often used as a step between a clear liquid
diet and a regular diet, for example, after surgery or fasting.
16. A full liquid diet was written on the patient’s chart on the second
day after undergoing surgery. Which of the following liquids
would the nurse offer?
A. Cream of mushroom soup
B. Plain broth
C. Popsicles
D. Coffee or tea
17. Mothers of children undergoing tonsillectomy and
adenoidectomy usually ask what food to prepare and give their
children after surgery. You as the nurse will say?
A. Balanced diet when fully awake
B. Ice cream when fully awake
C. Hot soup while asleep
D. Soft diet when fully awake
18. Immediately after Laryngectomy, the nurse would expect that
the client’s nutrition is met through:
DR. CARL E. BALITA REVIEW CENTER TEL. NO. 735-4098/7350740
A. TPN C. Oral
B. Jejunostomy D. NGT
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is feeding a person intravenously,
bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion.
19. Why does TPN use the large Central Veins?
A. To allow dilution of the solution
B. To prevent hyperglycemia
C. To lessen the risk of infection
D. To allow administration of large amounts of solution
20. TPN is delivered at a rate of 50 to 60 ml/hour during the first 12
hours. Why is this so?
A. To keep the vein open
B. To administer the desired amount of nutrition and amino
acids
C. To prevent hypoglycemia
D. To let the body adjust to the solution
21. Virginia is receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Nurse
Alicia knows which of the following assessments is essential?
A. Evaluation of the peripheral intravenous (IV) site.
B. Confirmation that the tube is in the stomach.
C. Fluid and electrolyte monitoring.
D. Assessment of the GI tract, including bowel sounds
A low sodium diet is a diet that includes no more than 1,500 to
2,400 mgs of sodium per day. One teaspoon of salt has about
2,300 mg sodium
22. Which of the following menu is appropriate for one with low
sodium diet?
A. Canned soup, potato salad and diet soda
B. Ham and cheese sandwich, fresh fruits and vegetables
C. White chicken sandwich, vegetables salad and tea
D. Instant noodles, fresh fruits and ice tea
23. Carol has disabling attacks of vertigo. Nurse Shiela suspects
that Carol has Meniere’s disease. Nurse Shiela is aware that
the diet for Carol must be modified. Which of the following is the
best diet for Carol?
A. High protein C. Low Sodium
B. Low Carbohydrates D. Low Potassium
The recommended amount of dietary fiber is 25 grams a day for
women and 35 grams per day for men.
24. Lala was put on a low fat, high fiber diet. When she asked Nurse
Joseph about this she was told that to comply with this diet she
has to choose which of the following food?
A. Tuna salad sandwich on whole wheat bread
B. Vegetable soup made with vegetable stock, carrots, celery,
and legumes served with toasted oat bread
C. Chef's salad with hard boiled eggs and fat-free dressing
D. Broiled chicken stuffed with chopped apples and walnuts
A low-residue diet is a diet in which fiber and other foods that
are harder for your body to digest are restricted.
25. Nurse Isko knows that a client understands a low residue diet
when he selects which of the following from a menu?
A. Rice and chicken C. Chocolates
B. Peanut Butter D. Raw vegetables
26. A burn patient is admitted to the hospital. Which diet would the
nurse anticipate to be most beneficial for this client?
A. Low calorie C. High calorie
B. High potassium D. Low protein
27. Who among the following patients will benefit from a low-calorie
diet?
A. Obese client
-2-
 B. Client with burn injury
C. Client with dengue fever
D. Client with hyperthyroidism

28. Ms. Felix has been admitted with right upper quadrant pain and
has been placed on a low fat diet. Which of the following trays
would be acceptable for her?
A. Liver, fried potatoes and avocado
B. Whole milk, rice and pastry
C. Ham, mashed potatoes, cream peas
D. Skim milk, lean fish, tapioca pudding

Peptic ulcers happen when the acids that help you digest food
damage the walls of the stomach or duodenum.

29. Nurse Dianne is preparing a discharge plan to a female client

with peptic ulcer for the dietary modification she will need to
follow at home. Which of the following statements indicates that
the client understands the instruction of Nurse Dianne?
A. ”I should not drink alcohol and caffeine.”
B. “It is important to eat six small meals a day.”
C. “I should eat a bland, soft diet.”
D. “I should drink several glasses of milk a day.”

Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley — grains that

are in many everyday food.

30. Gerald is a five year old boy who has celiac disease. During a
routine clinic visit, the nurse knows he is following his diet when
he states?
A. "I ate chicken and vegetables for dinner."
B. "I had hot dogs and French fries for lunch."
C. "I had macaroni and cheese for lunch."
D. "I ate soup and crackers for dinner."

The strictest forms of vegetarianism are veganism and

fruitarianism.

31. A vegetarian who supplements his diet with egg and other dairy
products is referred to as a/an
A. Pesco pollo C. Ovo lacto
B. Pollo ovo D. Lacto pesco

-END-

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