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A carbon footprint is defined as:

The total amount of greenhouse gases produced to directly and indirectly support human activities,
usually expressed in equivalent tons of carbon dioxide (CO2).

In other words: When you drive a car, the engine burns fuel which creates a certain amount of CO2,
depending on its fuel consumption and the driving distance. (CO2 is the chemical symbol for carbon
dioxide). When you heat your house with oil, gas or coal, then you also generate CO2. Even if you
heat your house with electricity, the generation of the electrical power may also have emitted a
certain amount of CO2. When you buy food and goods, the production of the food and goods also
emitted some quantities of CO2.

Your carbon footprint is the sum of all emissions of CO2 (carbon dioxide), which were
induced by your activities in a given time frame. Usually a carbon footprint is calculated for the
time period of a year.

The best way is to calculate the carbon dioxide emissions based on the fuel consumption. In the next
step you can add the CO2 emission to your carbon footprint. Below is a table for the most common
used fuels:

Examples:

M or each (UK-) gallon of petrol fuel consumed, 10.4 kg carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted.
M or each (US-) gallon of gasoline fuel consumed, 8.7 kg carbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted.
M If your car consumes 7.5 liter diesel per 100 km, then a drive of 300 km distance consumes 3 x 7.5 =
22.5 liter diesel, which adds 22.5 x 2.7 kg = 60.75 kg CO2 to your personal carbon footprint.

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 1 gallon (UK) 10.4 kg


 1 liter 2.3 kg


 1 gallon (USA) 8.7 kg


1 liter 2.3 kg



 1 gallon (UK) 12.2 kg

 

 1 gallon (USA) 9.95 kg



 1 liter 2.7 kg


 1 gallon (UK) 13.6 kg


 1 gallon (USA) 11.26 kg


 1 liter 3 kg

Each of the following activities add 1 kg of CO2 to your personal carbon footprint:

M Travel by public transportation (train or bus) a distance of 10 to 12 km (6.5 to 7 miles)

M ‰rive with your car a distance of 6 km or 3.75 miles (assuming 7.3 litres petrol per 100 km or 39 mpg)
M ly with a plane a distance of 2.2 km or 1.375 miles.
M Operate your computer for 32 hours (60 Watt consumption assumed)
M [roduction of 5 plastic bags
M [roduction of 2 plastic bottles
M [roduction of 1/3 of an American cheeseburger (yes, the production of each cheeseburger emits 3.1 kg of
CO2!)

To calculate the above contributions to the carbon footprint, the current UK mix for electricity and
trains was taken into account.

Carbon dioxide is a so called greenhouse gas causing global warming . Other greenhouse gases
which might be emitted as a result of your activities are e.g. methane and ozone. These greenhouse
gases are normally also taken into account for the carbon footprint. They are converted into the
amount of CO2 that would cause the same effects on global warming (this is called equivalent CO2
amount).

ew people express their carbon footprint in kg carbon rather than kg carbon dioxide. You can always
convert kg carbon dioxide in kg carbon by multiplying with a factor 0.27 (1'000 kg CO2 equals 270 kg
carbon). See mycomment to the article about personal responsibility for global warming .

The carbon footprint is a very powerful tool to understand the impact of personal behaviour on global
warming. Most people are shocked when they see the amount of CO2 their activities create! If you
personally want to contribute to stop global warming, the calculation and constant monitoring of your
personal carbon footprint is essential.

or registered users, there is a carbon footprint calculator on this website, which allows to store
individual activities like, e.g. travelling by car, train, bus or air plane, fuel consumptions, electricity
bills and so on (we call the individual contributions "carbon stamps"). You can then see the amount of
CO2 created for each individual activity. You can do this either in advance and use it as a help for
 decisions or afterwards to continually sum up your carbon dioxide emissions. Klick here to see
a sample carbon footprint with some activities.

An off-line carbon footprint and primary energy consumption calculator (Excel sheet) is already
available in the download section.

There are graphs available on this site for the CO2 emissions per capita by country (average
carbon footprint by country). In the medium- and long term, the carbon footprint must be reduced to
less than 2'000 kg CO2 per year and per person. This is the maximum allowance for a sustainable
living .

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A p › is a measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, and in
particular climate change. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day-to-
day lives through burning fossil fuels for electricity, heating and transportation etc.

The carbon footprint is a measurement of all greenhouse gases we individually produce and has
units of tonnes (or kg) of carbon dioxide equivalent.
 The pie chart above shows the main elements which
make up the total of an typical person's carbon footprint in the developed world.

A carbon footprint is made up of the sum of two parts, the primary footprint (shown by the green
slices of the pie chart) and the secondary footprint (shown as the yellow slices).

1. The › is a measure of our direct emissions of CO2 from the burning of fossil
fuels including domestic energy consumption and transportation (e.g. car and plane). We have
direct control of these.

2. The 
p › is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle
of products we use - those associated with their manufacture and eventual breakdown. To put it
very simply ± the more we buy the more emissions will be caused on our behalf.

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We offer a bespoke service to help companies and public organisations reduce carbon
emissions. Contact us to find out more.
On these pages we offer general advice to organisations and individuals on actions that will
enable carbon savings to be made. Many of which will also help save you money.

  

Many businesses are taking the lead through enviromental policies and actions. We can help
your orgainsation formulate a carbon management strategy and plan, set realistic carbon
reduction targets and meet them. Contact our team for more information.
Click here for more information about some of the cost effective carbon reduction solutions,
which Carbon Footprint Ltd provide to businesses.




Here's a list of simple things you can do immediately
MTurn it off when not in use (lights, television, DVD player, Hi Fi, computer etc etc  ×lick here
to find out which electrical items in your household are contribute the most to your ×arbon
Footprint
MTurn down the central heating slightly (try just 0 to
degrees ×
MTurn down the water heating setting (just
degrees will make a significant saving
M×heck the central heating timer setting - remember there is no point heating the house after
you have left for work
MFill your dish washer and washing machine with a full load - this will save you water, electricity,
and washing powder
MFill the kettle with only as much water as you need
MDo your weekly shopping in a single trip
MHang out the washing to dry rather than tumble drying it
MSign up to a green energy supplier, who will supply electricity from renewable sources (e g wind
and hydroelectric power - this will reduce your carbon footprint contribution from electricity
to zero

The following is a list of items that may take an initial investment, but should pay for themselves
over the course of 1-4 years through savings on your energy bills.
MFit energy saving light bulbs
MJnstall thermostatic valves on your radiators
MJnsulate your hot water tank, your loft and your walls
MJnstalling cavity wall installation
MBy installing 08 mm thick loft insulation
MRecycle your grey water
MReplace your old fridge / freezer (if it is over 0Ñ years old, with a new one with energy efficiency
rating of "A"
MReplace your old boiler with a new energy efficient condensing boiler

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 M×ar share to work, or for the kids school run
MUse the bus or a train rather than your car
MFor short journeys either walk or cycle
MTry to reduce the number of flights you take
MSee if your employer will allow you to work from home one day a week
MNext time you replace your car - check out diesel engines With one of these you can even make
your own Biodiesel fuel Find out more about Biodiesel
MWhen staying in a hotel - turn the lights and air-conditioning off when you leave your hotel
room, and ask for your room towels to be washed every other day, rather than every day




 
 



  
 




  
  

 

 
 





MDon't buy bottled water if your tap water is safe to drink
MBuy local fruit and vegetables, or even try growing your own
MBuy foods that are in season locally
MDon't buy fresh fruit and vegetables which are out of season, they may have been flown in
MReduce your consumption of meat
MTry to only buy products made close to home (look out and avoid items that are made in the
distant lands
MBuy organic produce
MDon't buy over packaged products
MRecycle as much as possible
MThink carefully about the type of activities you do in your spare time Do any of these cause an
increase in carbon emissions? e g Saunas, Health clubs, restaurants and pubs, go-karting etc
etc

     

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Over the past two decades the effect has become more marked. Considerable evidence exists that
most of this warming has been caused by human activities... that's to say we have altered the
chemical composition of the atmosphere through a buildup of greenhouse gases ± primarily
carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide.
What if we do nothing? Rising global temperatures will cause sea level to rise and alter local
climate conditions, affecting forests, crop yields, and water supplies. It may also affect human
health, animals, and many types of ecosystems. Deserts may expand and some of our countryside
may be permanently altered.

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M×limate model simulations predict an increase in average surface air temperature of about
Ñ×
by the year
0 (Kattenberg et al , 099
MThe likelihood of "killer" heat waves during the warm season will increase (Karl et al , 099
MThe JP×× Second Assessment Report estimates that sea-levels will rise by approximately ^9 cm
over the next 0 years, with a range of uncertainty of
-8 cm
MSea-level rise will lead to increased coastal flooding through direct inundation and an increase in
the base for storm surges, allowing flooding of larger areas and higher elevations
MFurther melting of the Arctic Jce ×aps (at the current rate could be sufficient to turn off the
ocean currents that drive the Gulf Stream, which keeps Britain up to × warmer than it
would otherwise be

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ou have to go to work and we all like being consumers - but there are many ways you can help.
Firstly, you need to recognise how you personally impact global warming. Carbon Footprint will
show you how to minimise your impact - starting today - and show you how to make the right
product choices in the future.
In February 2007, the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) issued its latest
assessment report on climate change, which concluded that global warming is "unequivocal" and
gave the strongest warning yet that it is very likely (> 90%) caused by human activities
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MSea temperatures have risen by on average Ñ degrees × ( 9 degree F over the last ^ years
[Tim Barnett, Scripps Jnstitution of Oceanography in La Jolla, ×alifornia]
M
, square kilometers of fresh water ice melted in the Arctic between 09Ñ and 099Ñ [Ruth
×urry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Jnstitution in ×onnecticut]
MWorldwide measurements from tidal gauges indicate that global mean sea level has risen
between 0 and
Ñ cm (08 cm average during the last 0 years [Warrick et al , 099]
MGlobal surface temperatures have risen about × in the past 0 years [Met Office]
M00 of the last 0
years rank amongst the 0
warmest years on record for global temperatures
(since 08Ñ  [JP××,
]
MSince 09Ñ, the increase of the Ñ-year mean temperature is about Ñ× - a rate that is faster
than for any previous period of equal length [NASA, 0999]
MAverage annual temperature in the Arctic has increased by about 0 × over the last century -- a
rate that is approximately double that of global average temperatures [JP××, 0998]
MThere is widespread evidence that glaciers are
retreating in many mountain areas of the
world For example, since 08Ñ the glaciers
of the European Alps have lost about  to
^  of their surface area and about half of
their volume [Haeberli and Beniston, 0998]

Canadian Glacier Retreating (2004)

  
    
Carbon Footprint Ltd is a leading provider of carbon management services. We enable
organisations around the world to understand and reduce their emissions. Our solutions provide
real business benefits including increased brand value & marketing advantages, in addition to
energy & travel cost savings.

MGo carbon neutral MTrack & compare your emissions

MAssess & track your emissions MGreen your business culture
MMeet green supply chain criteria MJmplement Low ×arbon Transition
MTake cost and waste out of your business Planning
MGet ready for mandatory reporting MDevelop and manage low carbon products
M×omply with carbon legislation


 
  
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MSet carbon neutrality and management strategy
M×alculate & track your carbon footprint
MStart implementing a carbon reduction programme We offer you a
MOffset emissions through a wide choice of projects wide choice of
offset projects
include those
 
 programme meets the Bristish Standard approved by the
Institutes specification on carbon neutrality to give you extra assurance UK governments
and marketing benefits. This service includes Quality Assurance
MDrafting a ×arbon Management Plan Sc
M×arbon Footprint Assessment & Tracking
M×arbon Reduction Strategy & Reporting
M×arbon Offsetting via fully verified offset projects
MSound ×arbon Neutrality PR Statements
Carbon Footprint¶s carbon neutrality programme has been a key factor
helping us to win and retain some of our key corporate customers over the
last few years  

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Carbon Footprint business appraisals provide a comprehensive assessment, identifying current

major emission sources and opportunities for savings in the future.

When we complete your business¶s Carbon Footprint appraisal, you will be recognised by our
Carbon Footprint Approved programme

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We can help you:

MPut together and implement an Environmental Policy
 MProvide advice and guidance on green marketing
MDraft press releases
MGet ready for JSO0^ 0 accreditation
MPut together a full carbon management plan and strategy
MProvide a marketing pack that will stand up to environmental scrutiny, whilst showing off your
low carbon credentials to a max
MRespond to specific tender questions

The work we did with Carbon Footprint was invaluable and is being highlighted in every
proposal we now send out
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Phone Paul on 01256 345645 to discuss your carbon management needs and learn how we can
help you make the most of your green credentials to win more business.


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MWorried about the ×arbon Reduction ×ommitment energy efficiency scheme?
MFacing supply chain pressures to go green?
MLosing market share to more sustainable competitors?
MHit by increasing energy costs ?
MFacing stakeholder / media questions about sustainability?
Whether your organisation is just starting out on its carbon management programme or if you
have a plan in place, our Carbon HealthCheck provides a highly affordable way to calibrate your
status and identify the next steps you need to take to reduce business risk & develop business
opportunities.

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We are delighted with the information and support Carbon Footprint Ltd have given to the Low
Carbon Action Group businesses we are working with ... they have helped the businesses to
clarify their current carbon footprint position and identify opportunities to make real carbon &
cost savings. They have also helped the delegates to better understand how to communicate their
low carbon credentials as part of their green marketing plans and responding to customer
questions.  
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Carbon Footprint business appraisals provide a comprehensive assessment, identifying current

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When we complete your business¶s Carbon Footprint appraisal, you will be recognised by our
Carbon Footprint Approved programme

Our distinctive brand stamp will

demonstrate your environmental
commitments & bring business value.





 

MSales - Supports customer tender action requirements
M×ompliance
Prepare your business for ×arbon Reduction ×ommitment & other expected
legislation
M×ost saving
Save energy & other operational costs
MMarket differentiation - Enhances your business & brand͛s sustainability credentials, PR
opportunities
MStakeholder management
Helps meet ×SR objectives, enhances staff morale -helps attract /
 retain employees & attracts investors

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Our Carbon Footprint Appraisal service is tailored to your Company¶s profile. Our consultants
will calculate your Company¶süü p › ! . 
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The appraisal is based on a set of energy usage, travel / transport and other operational
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Register to use our FREE on-line business calculator - suitable for small businesses with less
than 20 staff


 



Our Business Carbon Footprint Appraisals can be made by
‡ On-site consultation or
‡ Self-assessment
We provide a comprehensive proforma enabling you to collect all Footprint¶s own experienced
environmental consultants appraise your footprint, using traceable metrics (e.g. DEFRA) and
deliver an easy to digest summary report to you

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our Carbon Footprint appraisal report will outline the size of your carbon footprint and its
contributions from your various business operations. We also provide some suggestions for easy
to implement strategies to reduce your CO2 emissions. Our clients are frequently able to make
cost savings immediately right after implementing our suggestions ± often enough to offset the
cost of the appraisal.

For further information or to request a quotation, please contact us

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Our Corporate Carbon Footprint Calculator tools are suitable for your private or public sector
needs. The tools are hosted by Carbon Footprint and seamlessly integrate into your intranet /
internet / extranet based web-sites, ensuring that information is kept up to date.

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M×hange staff behaviour and understanding
MEasily collate data from differents sites (and countries
MProve your environmental commitment to your customers/stakeholders
MFuss free - J-frame design fits seamlessly into your Web / intranet / extranet
MHosting by ×arbon Footprint ensures updates always instantaneous
M×o-branding options to integrate our reputation with your identity
MAuthoritative - Methods DE×× approved DEFRA & international standard metrics used
MFully flexible
MMultilingual
MManages your carbon data
MUser friendly

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+44 1256 345645 - overseas
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Small changes can add up to making a big difference in terms of carbon reductions, whether
through turning lights off after leaving a room, offering a friend a lift to work or reusing your
scrap paper.

our company has a responsibility to reduce its carbon emissions, but it should not become a
burden. By educating staff and encouraging their involvement, the responsibility can be shared
and a sense of ownership achieved.

Carbon Footprint Ltd run employee half day training workshops aimed at educating and
enthusing your staff to take responsibility for carbon reduction activities. Through presentations
and breakout sessions your staff will learn about the impacts of climate change and how they as
individuals and members of staff can make a difference to the bigger picture.

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MOnsite training by a ×arbon Footprint Environmental ×onsultant (Jdeally following a ×arbon
Footprint Business Appraisal for best results
MHalf day session
MGroups of up to 0Ñ employees
MDelegate pack of course information and ideas


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Carbon Footprint with award-winning global cooling consultant and World Champion Extreme
Skier Alison Gannett offer 1/2 day or full day business workshops in the United States.

Alison will first present her one-hour Global Cooling Extreme Adventure Show to pump up your
entire employee team on the problems and solutions of climate change around the world.

After the exhilarating presentation, she will meet with your sustainability team to hear about
your current green strategies.

Finally, the group will work together to create a four part long term green strategy for your
business (C.R.O.P.Π- Calculate, Reduce, Offset & Produce) and work together to determine
how it will be implemented over the years in your company. This is the same strategy that Alison
uses to train Al Gore's TCP staff.

Alison will facilitate the discussion, working to prioritize the cost paybacks and return on
investments for each reduction strategy, drawing from her 20 years of global cooling consulting
for businesses.

our new plan will enable you to reduce overhead, increase profitability, all while saving the
planet and meeting the federal reduction mandates that will be mandatory in 2012.
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It is advised that businesses should undertake a Carbon Footprint Business Appraisal before
conducting employee training. Please see our Business Appraisal page for further information.


    

 
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MCost saving
Save energy /other operational costs
MCompliance
Meet your legal responsibilities
MŒales - Supports competitive tender action requirements
MMarket development
Jmprove your competitiveness
from tactical repositioning to strategic
business development
MŒtakeholder management
Helps meet ×SR objectives, enhances staff morale - helps attract /
retain employees & investors

 
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MBudget business carbon footprint appraisal
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MFully featured appraisal with on-site assistance
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MBespoke on-site consultancy
MBusiness / process sources of emissions & savings plan
* Available in UK & Eire only.

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Carbon Footprint can guide & support your carbon management programme every step of the
way, we offer 1-5 y packages to meet your programme & budgetary requirements.

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In addition to our extensive package programme, we are experienced & happy to work with
clients who have specific carbon management programme needs ± beyond our packages ± and
tailor our projects to meet your exact objectives & needs. This includes policy development /
project management including environmental policy design, staff engagement and ISO14001
accreditation etc

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The ³Carbon Footprint Approved´ programme provides your business with an independently
verified way to demonstrate the responsibility of your brand, product or service to your
customers.
We endorse & provide the distinctive branding you need to differentiate your business & its
offerings in your markets.*

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This enables your company to use our brand endorsement on your product / marketing literature
for a period of one year, as well as being listed on the carbonfootprint.com web site as being a
company with approved products and services.

our products or services will qualify for Carbon Footprint Approval when you meet any of the
following three criteria:
MJts carbon emissions have been calculated and offset through either one of our offset
programmes or an alternative certified offset provider
MJt has a significantly lower carbon footprint compared to similar products / services currently
available on the market
MBy using the product / service it will help other people or organisations to reduce their carbon
emissions

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The CRC is a UK mandatory cap and trade scheme proposed to cut carbon emissions by 1.2
million tonnes of carbon per year by 2020.

The key is energy efficiency and the reduction of emissions. Organisations will have to devise a
carbon abatement strategy, consider energy efficient measures, monitor, assess and manage their
carbon emissions.
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The CRC is targeting large non-energy intensive private and public sector organisations within
the UK, whose combined electricity use through half hourly metering exceeds 6,000 MWh per
year. Approximately 5,000 organisations with an energy spend greater than £500,000 will be
obligated to take part.
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Emissions covered within the EU-ETS (EU Emissions Trading Scheme) and CCA¶s (Climate
Change Agreements) are exempt. Subsidiary organisations with over 25% of their emissions
within CCA¶s will be exempt, but not the whole CRC organisation.
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Regulations are expected to be published shortly. These will be tabled in Parliament to follow the
Climate Change Act, having received Royal Assent on 26 November 2008. Currently the CRC's
third consultation is being reviewed.
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A 3 year introductory phase will begin in April 2010, however actions will be necessary during
2009. Qualification for the scheme will be based on an organisation¶s total half hourly electricity
usage over the full calendar year of 2008.

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It is likely to cost a business a minimum of £40,000 to purchace their allowances in April 2011's
first sale, and more if your energy usage is greater than 6,000 MWh per year. Added to this a low
league table position will lead to further penalties.

ou need to prepare your organisation for the CRC by making an early assessment of your
carbon emissions via a Carbon Footprint Appraisal, and then start reducing them.

By reducing energy & CO2 you will

MSave operational costs
MAvoid punitive charges
MHave an opportunity to trade your carbon savings into real profit
MGain marketing differentiation & advantage
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