2015 8th International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation

The modal analysis of 20 MN forging hydraulic press

Haiwei Zhang, Liao Shanmei，Aiguo Wu

Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xian, Shaanxi, 710021, China
1.Renai College of Tianjin University , tianjin University, Tianjin,China
2Changsha Zoomlion Fire mechanical co.,Ltd, Changsha, China
3Aiguo Wu,Tianjin University,Tianjin,China

zhwei@tju.edu.cn

Abstract—The paper presents the frame vibration of the 20
MN forging hydraulic press which is caused by the frequent
loading and unloading process of equipment. The device model
is drawn in the 3D drawing software Pro/E, and the finite
element analysis software Ansys is used to carry out the modal
analysis of equipment frame, the first 4 order modes under the
natural frequency are obtained to estimate the rationality of
equipment structure. The result from the modal analysis could
be used to avoid the resonance in the working process.
Keywords- forging hydraulic press, finite element analysis,
modal analysis
I. INTRODUCTION
The software ADINA is the product of the American
company of ADINA, it is a large numeric calculational
system based on the finite element method. It computes the
engineering problems that various structure, fluid, the
temperature field and several field coupling by solving
various physical basic controlling equation. This paper
recurs to the Pro/E and ADINA, making use of the
parameterization design and numerical simulation, have
researched siphonic bedpan’s best structure of flow channel.
For a long time, the researches of forging hydraulic press
structure design are mainly focus on the static analysis.
Since the operation speed of equipment has been improved
greatly, the dynamic characteristic of each major part has an
equal importance with the structural static characteristic. In
the equipment running process, the equipment vibration is
caused by frequent loading and unloading action. The
resonance which is generated by operating frequency and
equipment natural frequency could influence the service life
of equipment. This paper, the equipment natural frequency
could be obtained by modal analysis, and the result from
calculation is used to avoid the resonance[1].
According to the solving method the dynamic analysis is
divided into three types, they are modal analysis, transient
dynamic analysis, and harmonic response analysis[2]. The
modal analysis is used to ensure the vibration performance;
it is the theoretical basis of dynamic analysis[3]. The
structure is assumed as linear in modal analysis, and
nonlinear character will be ignored. In the finite element
software Ansys, the computing process of modal analysis
could be worked out by four steps: pre-processing, boundary
conditions pressing and solving, modal extending and result
viewing[4].
II. THE THEORY OF MODAL ANALYSIS
The basic equation of dynamic finite element which used
in modal analysis is below[5]:
M u  C u  K u  F t  (1)
Where [M] is mass matrix, [C] is damping matrix, [K] is
stiffness matrix, {u} is displacement vector, {F(t)} is force
vector, t is time.
Take the assumption of free vibration, F(t)=0, the
influence of damp is ignored, the equation (1) could be
simplified as below:
M u  K u  0 (2)
In the harmonic vibration condition, the equation (1)
could be simplified as below:
K   w M u  0
2
(3)
By this method the Eigen value wi2 and Eigen vector
could be worked out, the value range of i is from 1 to the
number of freedom. The equation above indicated that is
feasible to assume as linear structure in analysis.
III. MODAL ANALYSIS OF FORGING HYDRAULIC PRESS
FRAME
3.1 PRE-PROCESSING
The major parts of equipment frame include: upper cross
beam, lower cross beam, four columns and four adjustment
nuts and eight lock nuts. Since the symmetry of equipment
frame, the 1/4 equipment is chosen as the simulation model.
At first the 1/4 equipment is drawn in the Pro/e as shown in
Fig.1. Then the model is imported in the Ansys.
The connections between lower cross beam, column and
lock nuts are set as contact connection, and the connections
between other parts are set as rigid connection.
(1) The element type solid45 is chosen to divide the parts
of equipment. The targe170 element is used to describe the
connection of column and lower cross beam, and conta174 is
used to describe the connection of lock nut and lower cross
beam. The relative sliding friction coefficient of contact

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DOI 10.1109/ICICTA.2015.284
surface is 0.3. The prets179 is used to simulate the structure 3.2 Boundary conditions pressing and modal extending
preload situation. The analysis type is set to modal, the block lanczos is
chosen as modal extraction method, the mode number is 5,
the range of frequency is 0 to 100000; the boundary
condition is set as DOF of lower cross beam. In the setting
job of the model extending, the formation of result file is
four orders, control options is set as All Item.
3.3 Result analysis
After the solving job, the POST1 processor is used to
view the result. Actually, the stress worked out in modal
analysis is not the actual stress, it only used to express the
relative stress distribution between each order modal. The
analysis result is list below:

SET TIME/FREQ (Hz)

1 0.069394
2 0.071238
3 0.549105
Fig.1. the model in Pro/e 34 0.650458

(a) the first order

Fig.2. the model in Ansys

(2) The material properties are list in Table 1.

Serial number 1（upper and lower 2（column and

cross beam） nut）
Modulus of 2E5（MPa） 2.0E5（MPa）
elasticity
Poisson ratio 0.3 0.28
Density 7.8E-6（Kg/mm ） 7.8E-6（Kg/mm ）
(b) the second order
(3) The free meshing function is used to mesh the upper
and lower cross beam, the mesh precision is 7; adjustment
and lock nuts is meshed through free meshing, the mesh
precision is 4; the middle column is meshed through sweep
meshing. The total quantity of elements are 116272, the
nodes are 27907. The mesh result is shown in the Fig.2.
(4) The order PSMESH is used to build the pre-load
element of column in the position that the contact surface of
lock nuts connecting to upper cross beam and lower cross
beam.

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 IV. CONCLUSION

V. THE VOF ANALYSIS ON SIPHONIC BEDPAN’S

FLUSHING PROCESS
The basic theory of modal analysis is introduced in this
paper. Then the modal analysis of forging hydraulic press is
carried out. The conclusions are list below:
(1)The formations of different frequencies are different,
and the amplitude distribution is also different. The
deformation amplitude is getting big with the order number
increasing. These formations could cause the orientation
precision reduce of column; the distortion of beam could led
(c) the third order the crack even fracture; led the service life of hydraulic
cylinder shorted; made mold destroyed, cause the production
loss.
(2)In this paper the forging number of 20MN forging
hydraulic press is 40 to 60 times per minute, the vibration
frequency is 0.667 to 1HZ, in the resonance frequency range.
To avoid the equipment failure, the forging number could be
changed, or the rigidity of column could be improved.

REFERENCES
[1] Hu Guoliang, Ren Jiwen.ANSYS11.0 finite element analysis
introduction and enhancement [M].Beijing: National Defence
Industry Press,2009,1.
(d) the fourth order [2] Li Ruihu, Wang Kai, Xie Guocan. The Finite Elements Modal
Analysis of the Plate Cam based on ANSYS [J]. Journal of
Fig.3. frame deformation figure of each order natural frequency
Mechanical Transmission,2006,30(6):61-63.
[3] Tu yangzhi. The application of modal analysis in the engineering
As shown in Fig.3 (a) and (b), in the condition of the first structure[J]. Railway Survey and Design,2004(6):13-15.
and the second formation, the frame amplitude is increasing [4] Gao Yaodong, Guo Xiping. The 25 application of ANSYS in
from the bottom up; the maximum distortion position is mechanical engineering[M].Beijing: Electronic Industry Press,2007,3.
appearing in the top of column. In the X direction, the upper [5] Chen Jingyi. Engineering analysis example tutorial of ANSYS
cross beam is extruded by deformation inward of column top. [M].Beijing: China Railway Press,2006,8
In the Y direction, the upper cross beam is stretched by the
bend outward of the column top.
In the condition of the third formation, the maximum
amplitude is appearing in the middle of upper cross beam.
The distortion is not occurring in the X direction of column.
The bend of upper cross beam in the Y direction is caused by
the bend inward of column, and the maximum distortion is
occurring in the middle section, as shown in Fig.3 (c).
The fourth formation condition, the maximum distortion
is occurring in the middle of column. In the X direction, the
top of upper cross beam is extruded, and the lower cross
beam is stretched by the distortion of column. The failure of
column and crack of upper cross beam is caused by the
condition above easily, as shown in Fig.3 (d).
The formations above could lead to the different type and
level distortion. Some negative effects such as loss accuracy
aggravate wear and produce crack and equipment damage
could be caused by these distortion. In the equipment
running process, these frequencies should be avoided.

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