Naeem series By Naeem Akhtar (M.Phill, M.Com, MA Eng) 03214346076 Naeem series By Naeem Akhtar (M.Phill, M.

By Naeem Akhtar (M.Phill, M.Com, MA Eng) 03214346076

1. THE DYING SUN

Notes 1 What is the size of the stars in the space?
According to Sir James Jeans, most of the stars are so big in size that hundreds of thousands of earths
could be put inside each and still there would be empty space in it.
2 What is the number of the stars in the space?

on 3
According to Sir James Jeans, stars are numberless. Their number is as large as the number of grains of
sand on all the sea shores of the world.
Why do the stars not come near to each other?
Sir James Jeans tells that this universe is quite vast. Millions of stars are wandering about in the space .
One star seldom finds another star near it as there is a distance of million miles between two stars.
4 What rare event took place two thousand years ago? What happened when a star came near to the
sun?
According to Sir James Jeans, a star happened to come near the sun and raised a tide on the surface of

Intermediate 5
the sun. As the star came nearer and nearer, the tide became higher and higher and t ook the form of a
mountain.
What happened when the wandering star began to move away from the sun? Or What are planets
and how did they come into existence? Or When and how did our earth come into existence?

English
When the wandering star began to move away from the sun, its tidal pull became so powerful that the
mountain was torn to pieces. These pieces were thrown into space and started revolving around the sun.
These pieces are called planets and our earth is one of them
6 How was life born on the earth? OR Write a note on the beginning of life on the earth? OR How did
human beings come into existence?
One of the cooling pieces of the Sun gave birth to life. Life started in simple organism s. They were able
to reproduce themselves before their death. After this a stream life started and in the end, human beings
came into existence.
7 What we feel, when we try to discover the nature and purpose of the universe? What frightens us?

Part-II Why is the universe of which our earth is a part so frightening?

According to Sir James Jeans, the universe is quite vast and our earth is very small like a grain of sand.
When, standing on this little planet we try to discover the nature and purpose of the universe, it becomes
very much frightening because of its long distances, time Str etches, our loneliness and littleness of our
earth.
8 What is the place of our earth in the universe?
According to Sir James Jeans the universe is quite vast and our home/earth is very very small like a
grain of sand. Standing on this little planet like a grain of sand when we try to discover the nature and
purpose of the universe which is quite frightening.
9 Why is life impossible on the other planets? Why is there no life on the stars and the sun?
The life on other planets and stars is not possible becaus e they (like earth) do not have suitable physical
conditions like water, air and suitable temperature. The sun and the other stars are so hot that life would
be burnt in them. Empty space is so cold that all life in it would be frozen.
2-USING THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1 How has the scientific method helped us in solving our problems?
The use of scientific method has changed and improved the conditi ons of life. By the use of scientific
method we have made wonderful progress in every field of life. It has helped in improving the means of
communication and transportation. It has also helped man in controlling the dangerous diseases like
small pox, malaria, typhoid fever etc.
2 How has the use of scientific method helped us in fighting against the diseases?
The use of scientific method helped us in fighting against the dangerous diseases like small pox,
malaria, typhoid fever etc. Now, babies are born in hospitals. Vaccines and life saving drugs are easily
available. Modern equipments are used for treatment in hospitals.
3 What were the sanitary conditions of the big cities one hundred years ago?
In past, the big cities had narrow, unpaved and poorly drained streets. They were not cleaned regularly.
Outdoor toilets were common. People used to throw their waste foods an d waste materials into the
streets.
4 What better sanitary conditions are available in our cities today?
Today, the big cities have wide, paved and well drained streets. They are cleaned regularly. Indoor
toilets are common. They do not throw their waste foods and waste materials into the streets.

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5 How was water fetched in the past for household use?
A hundred years ago, people carried water full of germs into the buckets from distant wells. Water had
to be used very sparingly. 8.
6 How has the use of scientific methods solved the problem of water supply?
The use of scientific methods has solved the problem of water supply. Now with the help of long pipes,
water is supplied to the cities from the canals, rivers arid tanks. Everybody can get water in plenty and 9.
quite easily.
7 How has the use of scientific methods solved th e problem of food shortage?
By the use of scientific methods, we have increased food growth and its production. Modern methods of
selecting grading and processing have helped us a lot in prese rvation of food. 10.
8 What are the modern methods of preservation of food?
We can preserve vegetables and fruit by quick freezing method and dehydration method. Dehydration
means removal of water. It is a practical method for the preservation of eggs, potatoe s and apples. 11.
9 How was food preserved in the past? Or How did thrifty house wives preserve food?
Thrifty house wives preserved their home grown vegetables and fruits by canning, pickling or drying.
Meats of various kinds were preserved by salting and dryi ng or by freezing.
10 What were the superstitious beliefs practised by people in the past?
1.
In past, people were superstitious. They wore some kind of charm to protect themselves from bad luck
and evil spirits. The people thought that diseases were brought b y the evil spirits. They were afraid of
certain superstitious beliefs. They thought that black cats, broken mirrors, and number 13 could harm
2.
them.
11 How have the people become open minded? Why do many people not believe in superstition now -
a-days? Why are we less fearful than our ancestors?
3.
We are less fearful than our forefathers because w e are not superstitious. We are broad minded and
realistic in our thinking and accept the ideas logically. We know fully that every human distress has
some reason. We lik e our forefathers do not believe in signs of good or bad luck and the evil spirits. We
4.
are also not afraid of black cats, broken mirrors, and number 13.
3-WHY BOYS FAIL IN COLLEGE
1. How many types of students are there who fail in college? 5.
There are two types of students who fail in the college. Those who try and those who do not try.
2. How can nervous habits be uprooted among students? Why do many students fail in spite of
having the talent?
Many students fail in the examination in spite of having talent sim ply because of nervous habits. They 6.
do not sit at desk and concentrate on their studies. Nobody but the boys themselves can uproot the
nervous habits.
3. Who are the bright boys? What is the cause of their failure? What is its cure? 7.
The bright boys are the talented boys. They passed the school examinations e ffortlessly and believe that
they can also pass the college examinations easily. They become overconfident and fail. The cure of this
disease involves an entire change of attitude. No one can do this but t he boy himself. 8.
4. What is mistaken ambition? How does mistaken ambition on the part of boys and their parents
lead to the failure of boys?
Mistaken ambition means wrong ambition. Sometimes, the parents want their son to be a physician or a
dentist or an engineer. But the boy wants to adopt some other profession. They force them to study the 9.
subjects of their choice. He studies the subjects uninterestingly and fail s. However, this problem can be
solved by counseling the parents. 10.
5. How is health another cause of the failure of students? How this cause can be solved?
Bad health, both physical and mental is also one of the causes of failure. A boy suffering from a disease 11.
cannot pay concentration to his studies and as a result he fails. However, this problem can be solved by
providing proper health service in college.
6. Why financial difficulty is another cause of fail ure of students? OR How does financial pressure 12.
lead to the failure of boys? How can the financial problems of students be solved?
Some parents force their children to earn their entire way through college. For this they do part time job.
They always remain tired and can't give proper time to their studies. Thus, they fail . College authorities 13.
can overcome this difficulty by granting stipends and scho larships to the needy and deserving students.
7. What does the writer recommend about a boy interested in games?
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The writer suggests that the boys, who are too much interested in games and literary activities, should
leave the college to become a profession al athlete.
What place would you accord to sports in colleges?
Sports and literary activities have their own importance and place in college life. These are the side
shows so they should not be at the expense of studies.
Who are the lazy bluffers? Why does the writer show no sympathy for them?
The students who have not got any serious interest in life are lazy bluffers. They come to college for fun
but not for studies. The writer shows no sympathy for them and suggests that these boys should be
expelled from the college to face the bitter realities of the world.
What is the job of a college dean?
The college dean has to diagnose the disease like a doctor. He should help the students to see life in a
balanced way. It is his duty to save boys from failure through foolishness, sickness and sin.
What are the various causes of failure of boys?
Nervous habits, non seriousness, wrong ambition, financial difficulty, poor health and too much interest
in sports and games are the various causes of failure of boys.
4- END OF TERM
What was Daiches' attitude toward s the week-end as a school boy?
As a school boy David Daiches' attitude towards week end was like an escaped prisoner. He had become
fed up with the boring and laborious home work.
What was the attitude of the writer towards Friday and Friday night?
The phrase "Friday Thank God" expresses perfectly his attitude to the arrival of the week end. Friday
night was the best night of the week with two solid holidays before going to school again.
What were the feelings of the writer on Saturday and Sunday?
Saturday night was also pleasant because there was still a whole day between it and Monday. Sunday
night was full of the threat of the Monday morning.
Why was it difficult to get up on Monday morning?
It always had been a dismal experience for the writer to get up in the morning especially on Monday. He
What was writer's general view about school life?
David Daiches was of the view that school life is a beautiful blend of pain and pleasure, relief and boredom.
He says he always enjoyed the class room work. But the daily hard work, the home task and the competition
with other students pressed heavily upon him.
He liked holidays for their freedom-freedom from what?
The writer liked holidays for their freedom from the daily hard work, the home task and the competition
with other students at school. He wanted freedom for relax both at school and at home .
How did the writer look towards summer vacation? How did he enjoy summer holidays?
During school days, the writer was very fond of summer holidays of two months and always dreamed of
them. He went to his town and visited his relatives with his parents during summer holidays.
What are the things he longed for but could not have?
The belonged to a poor family. In his early childhood, he
wished for a tricycle and later a bicycle. He wished to get ice-cream and sweets free of cost. But he could not
have things. So he said .
When and how did he buy his first bicycle?
He bought his first bicycle with the prize -money when he was a university student.
Why did the writer stand outside the sweet shop?
He used to stand outside the sweet shop longing for getting some sweets free of cost.
What was the writer's expectation from the ice cream man?
The writer belonged to a poor family. He had no money to buy the ice cream. So he expected a free cup
of ice cream from the ice cream man.
What were the 'unexpected respites'? When did they get a whole day for skating?
Unexpected respites are the unscheduled holidays to attend some match or celebration. If there were
continuous frost days, they would get a whole day for skating.
What did the writer do with his pocket-money?
The writer was not allowed to spend his pocket money so he kept his saving in money box.
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5- ON DESTROYING BOOKS 4. Why should the writer be an acquisition to the medical class? Or why did the writer call himself a
hospital? He thought he was doing the doctor a good turn by going to him. Why did the writer
1. What sort of books were presented by the British public/nation to soldiers?
think so?
The British nation presented more than two million books to the soldiers. Most of these books were
The writer should be an acquisition to the medical class because he was a hospital in himself. He had all
useless and outdated. They were old magazines, guides to the Lake District and calendars.
diseases in him. Medical students should examine him to know all the diseases to get diploma. It would be
2. Why should bad/useless books be destroyed? Or Why is it difficult to destroy books ? Useless and
good turn as the students as well as doctors could do more practice from the writer.
bad books should be destroyed to make room for new books and to save one's heirs from storing and
5. Why did the writer go the doctor? Describe the visit of the writer to the medical man when he
sorting out these books. But it is not always easy to destroy such books because of non availability of
found many diseases in himself?
proper place.
The writer went to the medical man for the treatment of almost all the
3. Where did the writer live? Or What sort of books had the writer in his flat?
knee. The doctor examined him in his on way. He felt his pulse and hit him over the chest. He also
Squire says that he was living in a small and heaven kissing flat in Chelsea. By and by a big stock of
butted him with the side of his head and wrote a prescription. The writer left without opening it.
worthless books accumulated there. They were outdated and useless.
6. What did the doctor prescribe to him? What was the prescription given to the writer by the
4. Why could not the Author burn the unwanted/useless books?
doctor?
The writer had a big stock of worthless books. They were outdated and useless. He says he could not
In prescription he was advised to eat one pound beef steak every six hours, take ten mile walk every
burn the unwanted books because he had no kitchen range in his apartment.
morning; go to bed at 11 sharp every night and not to stuff his mind with things he did not understand.
5. How did the writer decide to get rid of books?
7. Describe the visit to the writer to the chemist. What did the Chemist reply/say after seeing the
The writer had a big stock of worthless books. The writer devised a novel method to dispose of the
prescription?
unnecessary books. He decided to pack them into a sack and throw them into the river.
The writer went to the chemist. He replied after seeing the prescription that he might have helped him if
6. Describe the author's midnight venture to throw the books in the river and th e suspicions which
he had a cooperative store and a hotel combined.
his action were likely to arouse?
9. What is the significance of the doctor's advice: don't stuff your head with things you don't
At mid-night, the author came out in the street with a sack on his shoulders. There was nobody on the
understand?
road except a policeman who saw him suspiciously. When he reached the middle of the bridge , he saw
The doctor's advice is very important for those who are whimsical and have a weak will power. The
some stranger there and was trembled with fear. At last, he threw his sack into the river. No body took
doctor advises people should not think about those things for which they have no concern as it becomes
notice of it.
the cause of their worry.
7. How did the writer get rid of useless books? Or How did he muster up courage at last to fling
them into the river? 7- MY FINANCIAL CAREER
He remained reluctant for a long time. He felt ashamed of being such a coward. Then he thought that if 1. Why did the writer go to the bank? Or How much was the writer's salary raised?
he failed that day he would never be able to regain his respect. Thinking this he mustered up the courage The writer went to the bank to open his account. His salary was raised to fifty dollars a month. He
and threw the sack of useless books into the river. decided to deposit his amount in a bank.
8. What happened when he threw the books into the river? 2. What happened to the writer as soon as he crossed the boundary o f the bank? What happens to
When he threw the sack into the river, there was a big splash. He thought that people would catch him the writer whenever he enters into the bank?
thinking that he had thrown a baby into the river. But nothing happened. Silence fell again and he Stephen Leacock says as he entered the bank, he felt nervous. Every thing and every person at bank
returned home. rattled him. The clerks, the desks and the sight of money got on his nerves.
9. What did the writer think while returning home? Or What did the writer think about the books 3. What light do the following expressions throw on Leacock's state of mind when be entered the
after throwing them into the river?
After throwing books into the river, the writer felt pity for the books that would be lying at the bottom The expression "Looked timidly" shows that Leacock was much confused when he entered the bank.
of the river. He also felt sorry for destroying them so disgracefully. Horrible books now seemed to him The expression "Shambled in" shows the effect of his body that staggered with fear. Thus both these
poor innocent books. expressions show his confusion and lack of confidence.
10. Give the names of some of the books that the writer threw into the river? 4. Why did the manager come to think that Leacock had an awful secret to reveal?
The names of the few books are Odd to Diana, Sonnet to Ethel, Dramas on love of Lancelot and Stanzas The manager came to think that Leacock had an awful secret to reveal because of his mysterious
on a first glimpse of Venice manners. He took him for a detective. When he asked the manager to see him alone, the manger thought
6- THE MAN WHO WAS A HOSPITAL that he had some secret to disclose and led him to his private room.
5. What was the attitude of the manager towards Leacock on learning that he only wished to deposit
1. How did the writer suspect that his liver was out of order? Or How did he come to know that his
56 dollars in the bank?
liver was out of order?
The manager was expecting a big account from him. But when he came to know that he wished to
Jerome came to know or suspect that his liver was o ut of order on reading a liver pill advertisement that
deposit 56 dollars only, he became very cold and indifferent. He advised him to go to the accountant.
contained all the symptoms of liver disorder. He thought that he had all those symptoms.
6. What other blunders did Leacock commit after leaving the manager's office? Or Give examples to
2. Why did the writer go to the British Museum?
show that Leacock was completely lost in bank?
The writer went to the British Museum to read the treatment of a s light disease namely hay fever. He got
After leaving the manager's room, Leacock committed several blunders. He entered the safe. He gave
down the book on pharmacy and began to read it. First he read about the hay fever and then started
the money to the accountant in an absurd way. He deposited all his money. Then he thought to draw 6
studying all the diseases in general.
dollors. But, in nervousness he wrote on cheque fifty six instead of six dollars. His every action showed
3. What were some of the diseases he thought that he was suffering from? Or What wa s the disease
his nervousness.
he discovered he had not? What was his first reaction?
7. How did the writer want to draw and why? Why did the people think he was some invalid rich
After reading the symptoms of all the diseases alphabetically, the writer was frozen with horror that he
man?
was suffering from almost all diseases like hay fever, typhoid fever, Saint Virus 's dance, cholera,
After depositing his money in the bank, he remembered that he needed some money for present use. He
diphtheria, gout and zymnosis. The only disease he had not got was house maid's knee. He was
ow to write it. He
disappointed and insulted at this finding.

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wanted to draw six dollars but in nervousness he wrote fifty six dollars. Owing to this the people
thought that he was some invalid rich man.
8. Where did the author keep his money after the misadventure? After misadventure in the bank,
where did the Leacock keep his money?
After misadventure, the writer never thought of going to bank. He disliked bank account. He kept his
money in cash in his trousers pocket and his savings in silver dollars in his socks.
8-CHINAS WAY TO PROGRESS
1. Why has the world changed its attitude towards China?
The world has changed its attitude towards China because of the following reasons.
i. It has made tremendous progress in agriculture and industry.
ii. Its decentralized economy has increased the gross national prod uct.
iii. Women played a role of vital importance in the progress of the country.
2. Discuss Chinese Agriculture system?
China is basically an agricultural country. In China, land has been divided into small agricultural
sectors. These sectors have been further bifurcated into small zones. Different machines are used in the
fields. China is perhaps the biggest corn growing country.
3. Describe a day in the life of a Chinese student?
A Chinese student gets up early in the morning. After doing a few chores, he takes breakfast and goes to
the school. After 11 a.m., he comes back home, takes his lunch and goes back to the school. He returns
home at 3 p.m. and revises his lesson. After 4 O'clock, he takes rest, reads the newspaper and enjoys the
radio and goes for sports.
4. Write a note on Chinese women. OR What kind of social security benefits do the Chinese women
enjoy?
Chinese women are hard working and play an important role in society. They do not use beauty
products. They enjoy so many social security benefits. They enjoy free hospitalization and medical care,
nursery and infant schools, 56 paid days before childbirth. They retire at 50 or 55. They are given
pension after retirement.
5. What kind of social security benefits do the Chinese workers enjoy? Or What are the working
conditions in China?
Working conditions are ideal for the workers in China. Male workers retire at the age of 60 whereas
female workers at 50 or 55. They enjoy so many social security benefits. They enjoy free hospitalization
and medical care and accommodation. Leave with full pay is granted to sick workers. They get meal at
low prices. Government maintains their standard of living.
6. "It is the people and not the things that are decisive." Discuss.
Mao the Chinese leader believed that number of p eople or, economic facts and figures does not count.
People themselves are important if they have the faith for the benefit of the people.
7. How does China rely on its own resource!?
their own resources by
using all the locally made machines. These machines are cheaper than the imported machines. They use
their own products.
8. "The heart of the matter is the need to root out! Selfishness." Discuss
According to this statement, one should work for the betterment of others. The secret of China's
progress lies in this principle.
9. What decentralized economy mean? Why do the Chinese not rush to the big cities?
In decentralized economy the rural areas can not be urbanized. In such economy people of rural areas do
not move to urban areas cities because the agricultural and industrial systems provide them job near
their homes. The villagers work in the industries situated in their villages.
10. What is the assistance scheme in china? What is the function of assistance scheme?
Under this system, every company raises the salary of workers according to their increasing expenses. It
also helps the farmers whose wages are very low or unable to do work physically.
9- HUNGER & POPULATION EXPLOSION
1 What does hunger mean on large scale as viewed by the author?
Hunger does not mean missing one meal. It means never having enough to eat. After one meal there is
no surety of another meal.
2 Describe some great famines of the world.
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The Nile remained dry for s even years and the Egyptians had to face the famine. Likewise, China and
England faced great famines and millions of people died in Russia because of famine in 1921.
3 How do famines occur? OR What are some of the causes of famines?
Some of the causes of fa mines are over population, failure of crops, shortage of food and lack of rains.
4 What is meant by birth-rate and death-rate and how do they affect the population of a country?
Birth-rate means the number of births per 1000 population while death -rate means the number of deaths
per 1000 population. When birth -rate is greater than the death -rate, population increases.
5 What have public-measures to do with increase in population?
The discovery of the treatment of many diseases has decreased the death rate. W hen death rate
decreases, population increases.
6 How do you account for the hig h birth-rate in under-developed countries?
Birth rate is very high in under -developed countries. H ere people are illiterate. They do not learn the
importance of family planning. They hold God solely responsible for all their needs. They produce
children but never think, about their feeding and education.
7 Why is birth-rate not so high in more advanced countries?
In the more advanced countries, birth -rate is not so high. People are educated. They know th e
importance of family planning. They are aware of their responsibilities.
8 Give a brief account of the poor economic conditions prevailing in under -developed countries.
Poverty, illiteracy and diseases are the common factors in u nder-developed countries. Such countries
have poor economy because they depend on the export of raw material.
10-THE JEWEL OF THE WORLD
1. Give an account of the early career of Abd-al-Rahman?
Abd-al-Rahman belonged to the Ummayyad dynasty. He was only 20 wh en Ummayyad dynasty was
overthrown by Abbaside Dynasty in Damascus in 750 A.D. They assassinated every male member of the
ruling family. He dramatically escaped and reached Spain. He became its ruler with in five years.
2. Give an account of the dramatic escape of Abd-al-Rahman.
Abd-al-Rahman with his younger brother dashed into the Euphrates River and reached the other bank
safely. Afoot, penniless and friendless he reached Palestine and from there North Africa. Then
wandering from tribe to tribe he reached Ceuta where he was given refuge by his maternal uncles.
3. How did Abd-al-Rahman deal with the governor appointed by the Abbasides Caliph?
Abd-al-Rahman killed the Abbaside governor. He cut off his head and preserved it in salt and camphor.
He wrapped it in black flag and in the letter of appointment. After two years it was sent to the caliph as
a gift.
4. What did the Abbasid Caliph say on receiving the head of his governor?
When the Caliph received the head of his governor he said "Thanks be to Allah for having placed the
5. What did Abd-al-Rahman-I do to make himself strong and to beautify his capital?
Abd-al-Rahman-I raised a well disciplined and highly trained army of 40,000 to fortify himself. He paid
them generously to get their loyalty. In order to beautify his capital, he built an aqueduct for water
supply to the capital. He founded the great mosque of Cordova. He introduced exotic plants.
6. Who was Al Hakam? Who succeeded Abd-al-Rahman? What did Al-Hakam do to promote
learning in his kingdom or Spain?
Al-Hakam was the successor of Abd-ul Rahman. He was the best scholar. He started 27 free schools and
colleges under the University of Cordova. He invite d great scholars from the East and arranged their
salaries. He provided 400,000 books to the library at Cordova.
7. Give an account of the all round progress made by the Arabs under Abd -al-Rahman III.
Under Abd-al-Rahman III, the Spanish Arabs introduced new agricultural methods. They planted new trees
and grains. They exported cotton, olives and oil to other countries. There was a regular postal service in the
whole country. Scholarship expanded. Universities were set up.
8. How did agriculture flourish in Spain?
The Spanish Arabs introduced new agricultural methods. They dug canals. They cultivated grapes,
oranges, sugar cane, cotton, wheat, olives and other fruit. They exported cotton, olives and oil to other
countries.
9. What did he and his successors do with the title of the 'Caliph'?
He and his successors down to Abd-al-
to be called 'Amir'.
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10. Which thing became the shrine of Western Islam?
The great mosque of Cardova founded by Abd - ul - Rahman became the shrine of Western Islam in
Spain. It was completed and enlarged by his successors.
11. Why was Cordova called 'The Jewel of the World'?
Spain under Abd - ul - Rahman III was one of the wealthiest and the most thickly populated lands of
Europe. The fame of Cordova, the capital of Spain, spread to German y where a nun called it the 'Jewel
of The World" for it was the most cultured city in Europe.
11. FIRST YEAR AT HARROW
1. Why did Churchill not do well in examination?
Churchill did not do well in the examination because the examiner asked him such questio ns on Latin
and Mathematics as he did not know. He says that he was fond of history, poetry and writing essays and
wanted to be examined in them.
2.
Churchill did not like examinations because they proved to be a great trial for him. He was afraid of
them. He says that the examiners asked such questions as he did not know. This was why he called them
an inhospitable region.
3. How did Churchill perform in the entrance test to Harrow?
was not good. It was because the examiner asked him such
questions on Latin and Mathematics as he did not know. He says that he was fond of his tory, poetry and
writing essays and wanted to be examined in them.
4. How did he do his Latin paper?
at the top of the page and then put down the number of the question 1 and after thinking put brackets
around it. The answer sheet was returned quite blank.
5. Who was Mr. Welldon? What was the view of Churchill about Mr. Welldon?
Mr. Welldon was the headmaster at Harrow. He took the broad minded view and admit ted Churchill to
Harrow despite his poor performance. Churchill showed great respect to him and called him a man who
could look beneath the surface of things.
6. Why was Churchill placed in lowest grade? Or why was Churchill admitted to Harrow despite his
poor performance?
Mr. Welldon, the headmaster at Harrow took the broad minded view and admitted him to Harrow
despite his poor performance. He was placed in the lowest division of the lowest class for his poor
performance in entry test. He was to learn Engl ish there. His name was Spencer Churchill, so he was
number three from the bottom.
7. Who was Mr. Somervell and how did he teach English?
Mr. Somervell was an English teacher. He taught English Grammatically and practised it like a drill. He
practiced parsing and analysis of sentences by using black, red and green inks. Churchill learnt a lot
from him.
8. Churchill was taught English at Harrow and not Latin Greek. Was it a gain or loss? Or What good did
his three years stay at Harrow do him? In the after years how did the knowledge of English stand him
in good stead?
Churchill remained at Harrow in the lowest grade for three years. Here he was taught English by Mr.
Somervell. He gained an immense advantage over the cleverer boys. In his later years, it bore fr uit. He
became the great orator and writer of his time. He also won Nobel Prize for literature. So his knowledge
of English was a great advantage for him.
9. Why was Churchill in favour of boys learning English?
Churchill is of the view that students should learn English first because it was their national language.
The knowledge of this language would be helpful for making their way in life and earning livelihood.
12. HITCH - HIKING ACROSS THE SAHARA
1. What is hitch hiking?
Hitch-hiking means travelling by getting free rides in other people's vehicles.
2. Give an idea of the size of Sahara. How does it compare with England?
Sahara is the world's largest desert situated in North Africa. T he Sahara desert stretches almost to the
complete width of North Africa. It is many times grater than Great Britain. If a giant were to pick
England up and put it down in the middle of the desert, it would be a difficult task to find it.
3. What had Christoph
Christopher was an American young man. In his boyhood he was very naughty. Sometimes, her foster
mother threatened him to send him as a punishment to Timbuktu (an ancient city in the Sahara dese rt). This
threat, instead of alarming him, aroused in him a keen desire to see that distant place.
4. How did he manage to get a seat in weapons carrier?
Christopher managed to get a seat in a fast moving weapons carrier by showing the officer a permission
letter issued by the Ministry of War . On this he was permitted to ride in military vehicle.
5. What was the most noticeable feature of the desert named Gharadia?
Gharadia was a typical desert city with a large number of flies. They covered food completely and
sometimes they followed it into the mouth. Children's mouth looked like masks of flies.
6. How did they manage to drive the heavy truck in the trackless desert with its soft sand?
They managed to drive the heavy truck in the trackless desert with its soft sand by placing long sheets of
steel under its wheels. When the truck reached the harder ground they collected those sheets. In this way
they crossed the area of soft sand.
7. What did the driver of the truck tell Christopher about three Englishmen who tried to cross the
desert?
The driver of the truck told Christopher that three Englishmen tried to cross the desert in a car. They had
water for one day only. Their car got stuck in the sand and three days later their bodies were found dried
up like leaves. They drained the water of radiator in thirst and one tried to drink even oil.
8. Give an account of the little town El Golea?
EI Golea was a beautiful little town. There was a little pool shaded by palm trees and fruit trees.
Christopher took bath in it. It was the most pleasant and lovely region in the Sahara. Christopher spent
his time very beautifully.
9. Give an account of the little town In Salah?
In Salah was quite different form El Golea. It was a barren desert. The palm trees were like bushes. It
was quit hot there.
10. How do you know of Professor Claude Balanguernon?
Professor Balanguernon was a French man who met Christopher in Tamanrasset. He arranged a guide
for him for the dangerous journey to Timbuktu. Professor Balanguernon also sent his rescue party when
Christopher drank the dirty water from the stomach of camel.
11. Describe the events leading to the killing of a camel. Or What happened when they were crossing the
land of thirst and death?
When they were passing through the land of death and thirst , 560 kilometers from Timbuktu, they had to
face the shortage of water and food. There was no chance of their survival. They killed one of the six
camels and drank greenish liquid of bad smell from the stomach of the dead camel . It kept them alive
for another day.
12. Describe the journey through the land of death and thirst??
The region after Tuaregs was the most difficult part of the Sahara and was called by the local people
"The Land of Thirst and Death." It was notorious for sandstorms and dried up waterhole s. The sand
dune looked as if they were on fire.
13. Describe the stay at Abbangarit. Or How Christopher managed to get water there?
Christopher told that in Abbangarit there was only one building consisting of a roof and four walls. The
well was about 275 meters away but water was 45 meters below and he had to face a great difficulty. He
took tape recorder's wire and tied it with a cup and lowered it into the well. He succeeded in collecting
twenty three liters of water.

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13. SIR ALEXANDER FLEMING 3. What do you mean by spontaneous generation?

Spontaneous generation means production of living things from non living things. It was a belief that
1. Write a note on the early life of Fleming.
germs born of dead matter. But he refuted this claim of scientists.
Alexander Fleming was born on a farm near Darvel on August 6, 1881. He was the youngest of a family
4. How did Pasteur prove that spontaneous get was not a fact?
of eight. His father died when he was only seven years old. At ten he went to Darvel School. At fourteen
In I860, the French Academy offered a prize for the solution of problem whether spontaneous
he went to London and studied at the Regent Street polytechnic for the next two years.
generation was not a fact. Pasteur claime d that it was a wrong concept. Pasteur did his experiment by
2. What are antiseptics? What is antiseptic method?
boiling the milk. He found that no bacteria were left alive. Thus he won the prize.
Antiseptics are the chemicals used to kill germs in human body. Carbolic acid (detol) and iodine are the
5. Describe the importance and popularity of the silk industry in France.
antiseptics. They are used to prevent germs from entering into body. It is preventive method.
Silk worm industry was quite popular in France. Practically every family set aside the best room in the
3. What are the aseptic methods?
house for the rearing and tending of silkworms.
Theses are the methods in which surgical instruments are sterilized by heat instead of chemicals.
6. What help did Pasteur render in curing the silkworm disease?
4. What was the chief defect of antiseptic method? Why w as the use of carbolic acid abandoned?
Once there spread a mysterious epidemic that destroyed silkworms. Pasteur stud ied the diseased worms
The use of carbolic acid or antiseptic method was abandoned because it destroyed the white blood cells
and told that this disease was mainly due to uncleanliness, overcrowding, overheating and unhealthy
of the body. This was the chief defect of t he antiseptic method
conditions. He advised the farmers to avoid these things. He also advised them to get eggs from healthy
5. Why could not penicillin have been discovered in American laboratories?
parents. The results were quite favourable.
Penicillin could never have been discovered in American labs because their culture plates were never
7. How did Pasteur discover the treatment for the cattle disease, Anthrax?
contaminated. They were ideally kept neat and clean. The air was pure and the mould would never enter
The cattle disease Anthrax is caused by a germ Anthrax bacillus. Pasteur introduced these weakened
there.
germs in measured quantity into the body of a healthy animal. It temporarily gave rise to slight
6. ly called medical family?
symptoms of anthrax but ultimately protected the animal from catching the disease. This method is
ost of the members of his family belonged to
called vaccination. He applied the same method on chickens for the prevention from chicken -cholera.
medical profession. His one brother was an eye specialist and the other two were opticians. His one
8. What are vaccines? How did Pasteur discover the method of vaccines?
sister was married to a doctor and the other to a veterinary surgeon.
In 1879, Pasteur discovered the method of making vaccines when he was working on fowl cholera. One
7. What part is played by the white cells in the blood of a human body?
day he went away for a holiday. On his return he found all his cultivation germs dead or dying. He
White blood cells are the natural armour of the body. When germs enter the body they are immediately
inoculated birds with those half dead germs and found that some birds showed signs of being recovered.
attacked by the white cells. Hence they play the role of protecting the body.
So vaccines are prepared from weakened germs.
8. Describe how Fleming discovered penicillin? Or When was penicillin discovered?
9. How did Pasture discover the treatment of Hydrophobia and how he cured the first patient
In 1928, Fleming was appointed a professor of Bacteriology in the University of London. One day he
suffering from?
was carrying out experiments in laboratory at St. Mary 's. By chance the spore of the mould or fungus
Rabies or Hydrophobia is a horrible disease caused by the bite of the mad dog. Pasteur studied it
was blown in through the window and fell on the culture plate. It killed all the microbes around it. He
attentively and found the way of making its vaccine. It was tried on dogs and the results were quite
found out that it was a natural antiseptic which killed the germs. He named it penicillin.
satisfactory. In 1885, for the first time this type of treatment was g iven to a boy. This vaccine cured him
9. In what respect penicillin is better than the antiseptics? How is penicillin a wonder drug?
of the disease and saved his life.
Penicillin is a wonder drug it is an ideal germs killer. It is three times stronger than carbolic acid. It is
10. How did Pasteur show the way to other scientist?
quite harmless for the white blood cells of the body.
Pasteur worked and inspired in such a way that many scientists followed the same path. They tried those
10. What is lysozyme? How was lysozyme different from the other chemicals?
methods of cure for other diseases. Many diseases were cured by following the same lines. Between 1880
In 1922, when Fleming was examining his own nasal secretion he discovered a substance which killed
and 1890 the germs of consumption, diphtheria, typhoid, cholera and Malta fever were discovered.
the germs on the culture plate. It was called lysozyme. It was natural substa nce that destroyed the germs
without harming the white blood cells. It was also forerunner of penicillin. 14-MUSTAFA KAMAL
11. Who revolutionized the theory and the practice of medicine? 1. What was the attitude of the Turkish government towards the Allie s after World War I?
Fleming discovered the germs and lister killed them by heat or carbolic acid. These two men brought a After World War I, a government from the old liberals was in power. The attitude of the government was
revolution in the theory and the practice of medicine. slavish. Allied forces were given the task of supervising the police and the ports. Normal machinery of the
12. Was Fleming proud of his discovery? How did he become famous? government was superseded by the orders and suggestion of the allied forces.
Fleming was not proud of his discovery. He was simple and modest by nature. When the whole world 2. Why was Mustafa Kamal Sent to Anatolia?
showered him with honours, he said, "Nature makes penicillin, I just found it." Mustafa Kamal was sent to Anatolia as a Governor General of Eastern Provinces to crush the rebels who
13. Why and when was Fleming knighted? refused to accept defeat before the allied forces. They were creating hurdles for government.
Fleming was knighted in 1944 on the discovery of penicillin. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for 3. What was the reaction of the Turkish patriots to the intention of the Allies to partition the
Medicine in 1945. Ottoman Empire?
3-LOUIS PASTEUR The Turkish patriots and the friends of Allies were angry at the evil intention of the Allies to partition the
Ottoman Empire. They did not accept to divide the Turkish Empire among themselves. Turkish patriotism
1. Describe the early life of Louis Pasteur?
was like a flame burning in the hearts of Turkish men and women.
Louis Pasteur was born at dole in France in 1822. He got his early education at Dole. He was science
4. Write a note on Mustafa Kamal's activities in Anatolia.
and Arts graduated from the college at Besancon and started teaching there. In 1848, he became a
Mustafa Kamal met Ali Faut, the commander of small army corps. He made a secret meeting with the
member of the National Guards to fight for France. In 1870, he offered hi s services to the French army.
patriots and planned to raise an army for fighting against the Greeks. He went village to village to prepare
He devoted all his money.
army. He also panned to form a government in Anatolia.
2. Give some instances of Pasteur's patriotism?
5. Why did Mehmet order Mustafa Kamal to return to Istanbul (Constantinople)?
Pasteur was more patriot than a scientist. In 1848, he became a member of the National Guards to fight for
When Mehmet came to know that Mustafa Kamal had raised the National army of the patriots for fighting
France. He also devoted all his money to Government. In 1870, he offered his services to the French army
against the Aliesd forces, he ordered him to return to Istanbul. Or When Mehmet came to know about the
but he was refused due to paralytic stroke.
rebellious activities of Mustafa Kamal, he ordered him to return to Istanbul.

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6. What was Mustafa Kamal's reply? GOODBYE, MR. CHIPS

When the king ordered Mustafa Kamal to come back to Capital, he remained adamant and replied "I shall
stay in Anatolia until the nation has won its independence." by
7. How did Mehmet try to regain Anatolia for himself? 2009G -I, James Hilton
Mehmet unexpectedly and diplomatically invited the patriots to join the government. The Sultan suggested
the delegates of Anatolia to transfer their activities to Istanbul and Mustafa Kamal's ideas would be put into
practice.
1. Date of Birth: 1848
8.
2. Joined Brookfiled: July, 1870, Whetherby interviewed Chips
agreed with him. Mustafa Kamal
3. Met Katherine and became housemaster: 1896
remained busy in forming a large army of regular troops, armed peasants and women for supplying arms.
4. Married in 1896 at the age of 48
9. What were the terms offered to turkey by the Allies? 2009L-I,
5. Katherine died in child birth on 1 st April, 1898
The terms of peace published by the Allies were as under:
6. Acting head (first time):1900, Governor appointed him
The Allied powers would supervise the small and helpless Ottoman Empire.
7. Date of retirement: July 1913 at the age of 65, got bronchitis and resigned.
Eastern Anatolia was to be added to the state of Armenia.
8. Farewell party: July 1913, was given a cheque, table and clock
Around Azmic was to be a large Greek district.
9. Total service: 43 years
Cicilia was to go to the French.
10. Rejoined Brookfield: 1916 at the request of Chatteris, the head master
Istanbul was to be an international centre.
11. Acting head (second time):1917 (winter)
10. Give an account of the Greek attack and its defeat?
12. Resigned: 1918 (November)
The Greeks attacked Turkey on the 21st of August, 1921. The two valiant nations fought almost man to
13. Made is will: 1930
man for fourteen days. Mustafa Kamal was the commander of the brave Turks. He led them so masterly
14. Date of Death: 1933
by the 4th of September that the Greeks were fully defeated.
11. Describe the reforms introduced by Mustafa Kamal with reference to
a) The position of women: Head masters
Mustafa Kamal introduced many reforms with reference to women. The most striking reform was 1. Whetherby:July 1870. Served for 30 years, died during summer vacation
the abolition of veil. He stressed on higher education for women. Women were given equal 2. Meldrum: served for 30 years from 1870 to 1900, died of pneumonia
rights. Women were also given voting rights. 3. Ralston: age 37 when joined, left Brookfield in 19 11, served for 11 years from 1900 to 1911
b) The removal of illiteracy/ educational reforms: 4. Chatteris: joined Brookfield at the age 34, died at 41, served from 1911 to 1917, requested Mr.
Mustafa Kamal introduced many reforms with reference to education. He purified and simplified the Chips to rejoin in 1916, died in 1917, Chips became Acting Head after his death.
language by removing the old Arabic and Persian words. He replaced the old Arabic script with 5. Cartwright: Became headmaster after C
the Roman script. He himself demonstrated it by touring the country. Now it was easy to read and
write.
c) Change in dress: CHAPTER 1
In 1925 he abolished the head dress called Fez being Greek origin but had become the symbol of 1. What were routine activities of Mr. Chips at Mrs. Wickett's?
Turkey. Instead of it, wearing Western hats was made compulsory for all. Chips always wound up the clock after the last bell. Then he put the wire guard in front of the fire,
d) The industrial and economic development/reforms: turned out the gas, and carried a detective novel to bed, Sleep overtook him before completing a page or
The country also advanced economically. Mustafa Kamal inaugurated great development and so.
construction schemes. He encouraged heavy industry. In 1919, there were 150 factories but in 2. Who was Merivale? What did Doctor Merivale say about Mr. Chips' health?
1933 they were 2000 in number. He recognized the banking system and public debt was reduced to ly. He thought that Chips was only
one tenth of its former size. All this was achieved without further borrowing. suffering from anno-domini which means advancing old age. He often admired his health by saying
12. Who was Mustafa Kamal? How was Mustafa Kamal a great nation Builder? Was Mustafa Kamal
founder/father of modern Turkey? 3. What advice did Merivale give to Mrs. Wickett about Chips?
Mustafa Kamal was a true patriot. He introduced many social, educational, industrial and economic When Chips had a cold or when the east winds blew, Merivale would become worried. He then advised
reforms in the society. He was the founder and saviour o f modern Turkey. He abolished the Sultanate Mrs. Wickett to take special care of Mr . Chips.
in Turkey. Mustafa Kamal laid the foundation. He liberated his country from the foreign occupation 4. What information do we get about Chips' birth?
and influence. Mr. Chips was born in 1848. He went to the Great Exhibition as a toddling child. There were very few
people alive who could remember such an old incident.
5. When did Mr. Chips join Brookfield, and how did he remember it?
Mr. Chips joined the Brookfield school in a sunny July of 1870 at the age of 22. It was the same y ear
when the war between France and Prussia broke out.
6. What impression do you gather about Chips' personality at the time of his joining?
At that time Mr. Chips was a handsome, impressive young man. He was fresh -complexioned, side-
whiskered and was fashionably dressed according to the Victorian times.
7. Why did Mr. Chips not like his previous school? Why did Mr. Chips leave Melburry School?
Mr. Chips taught at Melbury Public School for one year before joining Brookfield. There he could not
maintain discipline and was badly teased by the boys. He did not like that school and left it.
8. Who was Mr. Wetherby? When and how did Wetherby die?

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Mr. Wetherby was the Headmaster of Brookfield School in 1870 , when Chips joined Brookfield. He 22. What were Chips' thoughts when he joined Brookfield? What did he recognize in 1880 after a period
was an old man at that time. He stayed at Brookfield for thirty years. He died during the summer of ten years?
vacation before Chips could really begin his first term. He was a good administrator Mr. Chips joined this school at the age of twenty -two. After ten years he realized that he could go
9. Describe the day when Chips came for interview. nowhere to better himself. So he tried to settle there wholeheartedly.
Mr. Chips had a splendid and unforgettable interview wi th Mr. Wetherby. It was a sunny day of July 23. What was Chips' attainment at Brookfield with the passage of time?
when he came to join. The air was full of fragrance and. In the cricket ground Brookfield was playing At the age of forty Chips was rooted deep in Brookfield and was quite h appy. At fifty he was the
with Barn Hurst School. Chips also remembered that one of the Barn Hurst boys scored a brilliant senior-most member of the stuff and was officially recognized in this capacity.
century. 24. What was he at sixty? What was Chips' status at Brookfield as the senior-most member?
10. What advice did Mr. Wetherby give Mr. Chips? At sixty he himself wan Brookfield. He was the guest of honour at Old Brookfieldian dinners, the court of
He advised Chips to be strict in the matter of discipline. Chips remembered his exact words: "You are appeal in all matters. At the age of sixty-five, he retired in the most honourable way.
young man, Mr. Chipping and Brookfield is an old foundation. Youth and age often combine well. Give 25. What kind of people did Brookfield supply or produce?
your enthusiasm to Brookfield and Brookfield will give you something in return." It produced or supplied a number of history making men. Many of its s tudents became judges, member of
11. When and where did Mr. Chips take his first class at Brookfield school? parliaments, businessmen, industrialists, merchants, bishops, doctors, engineers and other professional men.
Mr. Chips took his first class of prep of five hundred students in Big Hall. As he came to the dais, there CHAPTER 3
was hush silence. Suddenly someone dropped the lid of his desk. Mr. Chips found that boy and
26. Who was Mrs. Wickett?
punished him. So he controlled his class from the very beginning and won his first round.
Mrs. Wickett was an old lady who remained once the incharge of linen room at B rookfield school. Her
12. Who was Colley? Or How did Mr. Chips punish Colley on the very first class ?
house was opposite to Brookfield School. Mr. Chips resided at her house after his retirement as a paying
Colley was the boy who had dropped the lid of his desk during the class. Mr. Chips ordered him to get
guest. She entertained chips guest happily. She served Mr. Chips for along time.
up and write hundred lines as a punishment. After many years his son and grand son became the
27. How did Mr. Chips feel at Mrs. Wicket's house?
students of Mr. Chips.
After retirement Mr. Chips stayed at Mrs. Wickett's house. He led very pleasant and contented life at Mrs.
13. How did Mr. Chips welcome the son of the first Colley to his class?
Wicket's. His pension was adequate and could afford everything.
Chips told him that his father was the first boy whom he punished in the class. He said, "He deserved it
28. How chips room was decorated? What was the condition of the house of Mrs. Wickett?
then, and you deserve it now."
Mrs. Wickett's house was quite ugly but the room she had given to Mr. Chips was very comfortable and
14. What was Chips' famous joke about the third Colley? What did Chips say to the third Colley ?
sunny. It was furnished with few bookshelves, trophies, fixture cards and photographs. A worn Turkey
Chips told the third Colley that he was a fine example of family traditions. He explained that his
carpet was laid on the floor.
grandfather was a stupid fellow, and so was his father. He called the third Colley the biggest fool of the
29. What kind of books did Mr. Chips read after retirement?
lot.
Mr. Chips had a good literary taste. His books were chiefly classical and detective novels. Sometimes he
15. What did Chips teach at Brookfield?
read Virgil and Xenophon. Mostly he was interested in detective novels.
Mr. Chips taught Latin and Greek and Roman history to different classes at Brookfield school. He
30. Describe Mr. Chips hospitality at Mrs. Wicket's house? How did Mr. Chips serve his visitors?
taught Latin grammar in detain. He also taught pronunciation of Latin words. His lessons on Roman and
Mr. Chips was hospitable in nature. He served tea to his visitors with walnut cake with pink icing from
Latin were always very interesting.
Reddaway's. Chips did not let visitor's plates empty.
CHAPTER 2 31. Who was Collingwood? What did Chips tell Mrs. Wicket about Collingwood?
16. What type of the schools were Grammar Schools? Collingwood was the student of Chips. Chips told Mrs. Wicket that once he was thrashed or beaten by him
Grammar schools were set up in the sixteenth century during the rule of Queen Elizabeth I. They were for climbing on to the gymnasium roof to get a ball out of gutter. Later on, he became a major in British
basically meant to teach Latin only. Later on, classical languages and literatures were taught in such Army and was killed in Egypt in some military action.
schools. CHAPTER 4&5
17. What was the status of Brookfield School? What was the repute of Brookfield?
32. Why was spring 1896 very dear to Mr. Chips?
Brookfield was not so much famous as Harrow or Eton. Few of its heads like Wetherby raised its status,
Spring 1896 was very dear to Chips because he was appointed housemaster. He was forty-eight, and had
Overall, it was a good school of second rank. It produced or supplied a number of hi story making men.
become mature. The same year he went to the Lake District where he met Katherine.
Many of its students became judges, member of parliam ents, businessmen, industrialists, merchants,
33. Describe Mr. Chips' visit to the Lake District. Or How did Mr. Chips come across (meet) Katherine
bishops, doctors, engineers and other professional men.
Bridges? Or Give the first encounter between Chips and Katherine.
18. What was the outer view of Brookfield School?
In the spring of 1896, during the summer vacation, Mr. Chips at the age of 48 visited the Lake District with
The school was surrounded by tall elm trees which became bare in winter and looked like tall, straight
his colleague Mr. Rowden. One day on Great Gable he saw a girl of 25 namely Katherine bridges waving
and graceful columns. In spring and summer they presented the view of a big wall surrounding a
her hand towards her friend. Chips rushed towards her thinking her to be in difficulty and injured his own
fortress. In autumn their reddish brown colour cast a special impact on the viewer,
ankle. She looked after him daily. With in a week they got married before the autumn term.
19. Describe the main campus of Brookfield School.
34. Why did Mr. Chips not marry till the age of 48? Why was Chips against the women of nineties?
The school campus was a group of eighteenth-century buildings centered upon a quadrangle. Beyond it
Mr. Chips was an old fashioned person. He hated the women of the nineties or V ictorian period because of
were acres of leveled land used in playing fields. Matches were regularly played in these grounds.
having liberal and radical ideas. The women of that period like reading Shaw and Ibsen who were in favour
20. Describe the village Brookfield.
of emancipation. He disapproved the modern life style. This was why Mr. Chips did not marry till the age of 48.
The village Brookfield was very beautiful and lush green, the mountains in the distance provided a
35. Describe Katherine Bridges' physical grace. or How did Katherine look like?
beautiful background of the village. Most of the time these mountains remained covered by Hills, but in
Katherine Bridges had blue flashing eyes, freckled cheeks and smooth straw coloured hair. She was a
the clear atmosphere mountains behind other mountains look very attractive.
beautiful and decent girl of 25. She had advanced and liberal ideas.
21. Describe the similarities between Chips and Brookfield.
36. ideas? Or
Mr. Chips and Brookfield Grammar School were perhaps made for each other. They had many things in
Katherine Bridges had modern, radical, liberal and revolutionary ideas. She read and admired Ibsen,
common. Both were old-fashioned and rooted deep in the past. Bo th were not very brilliant apparently,
Bernard Shaw and William Morris. She was in favour of university education and voting right for women.
but at heart both were gracious and full of love.

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37. What were Katherine's views about Chips' profession?
broker or a dentist or some business man. She made him realize how important and sacred his professi on
was. She was of the view that a school teacher was in a position to influence youngsters.
38. How old were Chips and Katherine at the time of their marriage?
Katherine was twenty-five years old, while Chips was forty-eight at the time of their marriage.
39. How was Katherine married and what did she say on the night before marriage?
Katherine Bridges had no parents. She was married from the house of an aunt in Baling. On the night before
wedding, when Chips was ready to leave for his hotel, she said to him Good by Mr. Chips for the first time.
CHAPTER 6 efficient as Wetherby. He worked in this capacity for thirty years. In 1900 he suddenly died of pneumonia.
40. What changes did marriage bring in Chips? How much did Chips' marriage contribute towards his
popularity? What was the influence of Ketherine on Mr. Chips?
Before marriage Mr. Chips was a dry, rigid and narrow minded person. He disliked modern women. He was
not impressive at all. Marriage gave him a new touch. His eyes gained sparkle, his mind began to move
more quickly, his discipline improved and became popular.
41. Describe Mr. Chips humour.
After marriage his sense of humour blossomed into a sudden richness. His little jokes, his amusing remarks
pleased everybody. Wherever he went, there were roars of laughter.
42. How did Katherine persuade Chips in holding a match between Mission School and Brookfield?
Katherine persuaded Chips in holding a match between Mission School and Brookfield by her forceful
arguments. She said, "England isn't always going to divide into officers and other ranks and those poplar
boys are just as important to England as Brookfield is." For her the rich and the poor were equal.
43. Describe Poplar boys' visit to Brookfield.
They arrived at Brookfield one Saturday afternoon and played a football match with the School's second
team. They were honourably defeated by seven goals to five. Later they had high tea with the School team
in the Dining Hall.
CHAPTER 7, 8 &9
44. Who was Ogilvie?
Ogilvie was an old choirmaster at Brookfield. Once a naughty boy namely Dunster put a rat in the organ loft
while Ogilvie was taking choir practice. Chips remembered that Ogilvie was dead and Dunster drowned at
Jutland.
45. Who was Dunster?
Dunster was a little naughty boy who once put a rat in the organ loft while Ogilvie was taking choir practice.
Chips remembered that Dunster drowned at Jutland.
46. Who was Lloyed George?
Mr Llyed George was the old student of Brookfield. He remained Prime Minister from 1916 to 1922. He
was invited as a guest of honour on Brookfiled speech day. Chips jokingly said that he had improved very
much. Lloyed laughed and talked to Chips more than anyone else.
47. What difficulties did Chips face when he wanted to write down his memories?
When Chips remembered memories he often wanted to write down them in the form of a book. But
whenever he tried to do so he faced difficulties. Firstly writing made him tired mentally and physically.
Secondly memories when written lost their charm.
48. How did Katherine help Chips in the matters of discipline?
Mr. Chips was occasionally too strict. She asked him to be kind without losing the balance. But she had not
always pleaded for leniency.
49. Describe Katherlne's tragic death. Or When and how did Katherine die?
On April 01, 1898 Katherine died during
Katherine could live with Mr. Chips for two years only
50. What were Chips' feelings on the death of his wife?
Mr. Chips was disturbed, rather badly shaken. He exclaimed: "My wife is dead and my child is dead, and I
wish I were dead myself." It happened on F irst April 1898. As such, it was the biggest piece of April
foolery.
51. What was the effect of Katherine's death on Chips?
He was badly shaken. He was different now, and everybody noticed it. His hair had turned grey. He wore
his gown till it was almost too tattered to hold together. He was the man who looked 'old' then. His jokes
became serious.
52. What kind of teacher was Mr. Chips? Why was Mr. Chips popular with the boys?
Mr. Chips was a devoted teacher. He helped his students in character building. He became social due to his
wife. He was popular with his students and colleagues for his conversation full of jokes. Everyone looked
forward the latest jokes from him.
53. Where did Mr. Chips ?
Mr. Chips after the death of his beloved wife shifted to his old bachelor quarter.
CHAPTER 10&11
54. Who was Meldrum? When and how did he die? {2007,
Mr. Meldrum was the Headmaster of Brookfield after the death of Mr. Wetherby in 1870. He was as
55. When and how did Chips become the Acting Head of Brookfield for the first time?
In 1900, after the death of Mr. Meldrum, the Governor appointed Chips as the Acting Head of Brookfield.
56. Who was Mr. Ralston? Describe the personality of Mr. Ralston. Or what kind of person was Ralston?
Mr. Ralston was a modern young man of thirty seven, with a brilliant academic record. He was appointed as
the head master of Brookfield. He was a live wire and a fine power transmitter. He had an impressive
personality that could easily reduce a big hall to silence by lifting his eye brow.
57. Why could Ralston not become popular?
Ralston was ambitious and efficient. But at the same time he was unkind and inhuman. His manners were
very imperious. The row between him and chips was also a major cause of unpopularity with the students
and their parents.
58. What was Ralston's progress as the Head?
During his stay the status of Brookfield School improved, though the staff remained under constant
pressure. There were longish waiting lists of the boys who wanted to get admission.
59. Describe the row between Ralston and Chips. Or Why did Ralston quarrel with Chips?
The most thrilling incident of the novel is the row between Mr. Chips and Ralston. This incident brought
popularity for Mr. Chips and unpopularity for Ralston. When Chips became sixty years old, Ralston called
him in his office. He pointed out his weaknesses and asked him to think about retirement. Mr. Chips lost his
temper. The result was a row between the two.
60. How did the people of the area come to know about the row between Chips and Ralston?
By chance a boy was present outside Ralston's office. He overheard all the conversation. He told other boys
about the unhappy incident and the news spread like wildfire that Ralston had insulted Mr. Chips. .
61. What was people's reaction after the row between Ralston and Chips?
People could not tolerate Chips' insult. They reacted against it. The matter became so serious that the
Chairman of the Board of Governors had to visit Brookfield to resolve the matter.
62. Who was Sir John Rivers? Describe his visit to Brookfield and what did he say to Chips?
Sir John Rivers was the Chairman of the Board of Governors. He was an old Brookfieldian and was a direct
student of Mr. Chips. When he visited Brookfield, he went direct to Chips ignoring Ralston. He felt sorry.
He assured Chips that the Governors were with him and they never wanted him to retire.
63. Who were Grayson junior and senior? What did Chips say to Grayson junior?
Grayson junior was the student at Brookfield in Chatteris ' Latin class. He was not very active in his studies.
Grayson senior was his father. He sailed on the Titanic that sank into the sea. Chips congratulated Gray son
junior when he knew that his father was rescued on the sea. Grayson junior died afterwards.
64. Who was Mr. Jones?
Mr. Jones was the employee of railway in charge of signal. Owing to some reason, Railway employees were
on strike. Mr. Jones was also one of them. Mr. Chips met him and talked to him very friendly. People
thought that Chips was in favour of the strike of railway men.
CHAPTER 12, 13, 14&15
65. When and why did Mr. Ralston leave Brookfield?
In 1911 Ralston left Brookfield because he was offered the headship of an other greater public school.
66. Why and when did Mr. Chips decide to retire?
In 1913, at the age of sixty five, Mr. Chips caught cold and could not go to school for the whole winter. It
was then that he thought and decided to get retirement from his services.
67. Where did Chips go in 1913?
In 1913, at the age of sixty five, Mr. Chips caught cold. He went to Wiesbaden for cure. He lodged at the
home of a German teacher Herr Staefel.
68. What was given or presented to Mr. Chips on his farewell?

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In July 1913, at the age of sixty five Chips was presented or given a cheque, a writing desk and a wall clock 84. Why did Chips become sad after Linford's departure?
on his farewell party. When Linford was about to depart, he said good-bye to Mr. Chips. The way he said reminded him of his late
69. Describe Mr. Chips' farewell speech. What type of farewell was given to Mr. Chips? wife Katherine who used the same words in the evening before their wedding day. It made Mr. Chips very
In July, 1913, Chips was given his farewell party. At the end of farewell he made a very interesting speech. sad. He burst into tears and fainted.
It was full of jokes. It had several Latin quotations as well. He told the boys that he would remember all 85. What did Cartwright say about Chips' children? Or What was the reaction of Chips when Cartwright
their faces. said to him issueless?
70. Who was Mr. Chatteris? How did Chatteris behave with Chips? Cartwright was the headmaster after Chatteris. He felt sorry for Chips for not having any child. Chips heard
After Ralston, Mr. Chatteris became the Headmaster in 1911 at the age of 34. He was an able, hardworking this and, in spite of his weakness, reacted against it. He said that all the school boys were his children. Then
and kind man. Chatteris behaved with Mr. Chips very nicely. He accepted Mr. Chips as an institution. In so many names of boys sounded in his ears like a chorus.
1918, Chatteris died at the age of forty one. Chatteris was suffering from diabetes. 86. Describe the scene of Mr. Chips' death.
71. How did Mr. Chatteris look when he came to meet Mr. Chips at Mrs. Wickett's house? Why did Mr. After recovering from the shock, Chips was between sleep and wakefulness. The sweet memories of
Chatteris come to meet Chips in 1916? When and why did Mr. Chips rejoin Brookfield? Katherine came to his mind. He remembered almost all the boys. Soon he was asleep, but from this sleep he
In 1916, when Mr. Chatteris, the headmaster of Brookfield came to Mr. Chips, he was looking over worked could not rise again.
and ill. He requested Mr. Chips to rejoin the school as he could not manage school matters efficiently. Chips 87. When did Mr. Chips die?
accepted the offer and rejoined the school. Mr. Chips died in 1933 at the age of 85 years after spending contented and comfortable retired life of fifteen
72. When and Why did Chips become the Acting Head of Brookfield again? years.
Chips became the Acting Head of Brookfield again after the death of Mr. Chatteris. He continued working Idioms
till the end of next year in the same capacity at the request of the Governor.
73. Who was Burrow? Who were Stink Merchants? 1. A bird's eye view (a general view)
Burrow was the pale, lean and medically unfit science master. Mr. Chips called him Stink Merchant. 2. A black sheep (a man with a bad repute)
74. Who was Forrester? 3. Above board(beyond doubt)
Forrester was the smallest new boy, the Brookfield ever had had. He was four feet high above his muddy 4. A far cry (a long way)
foot ball boots. He was killed down in 1918. 5. A dead letter (law not effective)
75. Who was a Lamp Boy? 6. A white elephant (burden)
Lamp Boy was the employee of Brookfield. His duty was to trim and lit the candles of Brookfield school.
7. A royal road (easy way)
76. How did Chips perform his duties during his second Headship?
8. A rainy day (difficult time)
He sat in the headmaster's study every morning, handling problem and seeing people. The First World War
9. A laughing stock (object of ridicule)
was still going on. On Sundays in chapel he read out the names of those who were killed on the war front.
10. A burning question (a critical matter)
He sent his resignation to the governors in 1918.
11. Apple pie order (in complete order)
CHAPTER 16, 17&18 12. At sixes and sevens (not in order)
77. What was the condition of Chips' health during the last few years at Mrs. Wlckett's? 13. A bird of passage (migratory)
He was not ill but because of old age he started feeling a bit tired. Only in the winter months his breathing 14. A lion's share (largest part of anything)
became disturbed. He had to take care of himself when there were east winds. 15. A leap in the dark (doubtful attempt)
78. How did Chips spend last few years at Mrs. Wickett's? What was Chips routine after 1929? 16. A maiden speech (first speech)
He remained indoors during winter and waited for summer. There were the continual visits of the old boys. 17. A red letter day (a momentous day)
He enjoyed their visits more than anything else. He mostly followed the timetable of Brookfield and often 18. A fair weather friend (selfish friend)
remembered the gone days. 19. A Wild-goose chase (a futile search)
79. What were the two things Chips had never experienced or done in his life? 20. Apple of discord (cause of contention)
He had never been to a talky show and had never traveled by air.
21. A bone of contention (reason of enmity)
80. How did people like his jokes when they visited him at Mrs. Wicikett's?
22. A rotten/bad egg (evil man)
When the old or new boys visited Mr. Chips at Mrs. Wickett's, they wished to be entertained with some new
23. At the eleventh hour (at the last moment)
jokes. Mr. Chips was always brilliant, always at his best. He had earned the reputation of being a great
24. An eye wash (a pretence)
jester.
25. Add insult to injury (to aggravate)
81. What were Chips' outdoor activities during the last years of his retired life?
26. All and sundry (everybody)
When Chips was eighty-one, he remained stationed at Brookfield. He even did not go for Old Boys' dinners
27. Add fuel to the fire (instigate/incite)
in London. He was much afraid of chills, and late nights began to tire him too much. He came ac ross to the
schools on fine days only. 28. At daggers drawn (have bad blood)
82. What was Chips' will? Or when did he make his will? 29. (keep away)
Mr. Chips made his will in 1930. According to his will, some of his money was to go to Mrs. Wickett, some 30. A man of parts(leaned)
to the mission and the amount left was to found entrance scholarships to the school. 31. A blue stocking (a showy woman)
83. Who was Linford? Or what was the last joke the Brookfield boys played on Chips? 32. Black sheep (an evil mannered)
Linford was a boy who came to see Chips just one day before his death. It was his first meeting with Chips. 33. Bell the cat (take a risk or dare to act)
He was first at Brookfield of his family. Some of the other boys had sent him to Chips by way of joke. 34. Break the news (to give information)
Chips entertained him with tea and walnut cake and talked about different matters. 35. Bury the hatchet (to stop quarrelling)
36. Birds of a feather (people of same sort)
37. Blow hot and cold (with no clear view point)

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38. Bolt from the blue 93. Few and far between (rarely)
39. Burn midnight oil (work hard) 94. French leave (to leave without notice)
40. (to bear loss) 95. Feather one's nest (to enrich oneself )
41. Burn the candle at both ends 96. Get rid of (to leave)
42. Build castle in the air (to boast of) 97. Go to the dogs (be ruined)
43. Bring to book (to call to account) 98. Go to the walls (to be unsuccessful/fail)
44. Broken reed (trustless person) 99. Give oneself airs (to boast of)
45. Better half (wife) 100. Gift of gab (gift of speech)
46. Bring to light (to expose) 101. Hard and fast (strict)
47. Bad blood (feelings of revenge)
102. Hit below the belt (treat unfairly)
48. By fists and starts (not seriously)
103. Hue and cry (raise an alarm)
49. By hook or by crook (by fair or foul way)
104. Hand in glove (very close)
50. Break the ice (to overcome shyness)
105. House of cards ( a plan that will fail)
51. Bag and baggage (with all belongings)
106. In full swing (to the climax)
52. By leaps and bounds (rapidly)
107. In short (in brief)
53. By and by (gradually)
108. In the long run ( in the end)
54. Beat about the bush (to talk irrelevantly)
109. In the teeth of ( besides opposition)
55. Crocodile tears (hypocritical tears)
110. Ins and outs (all the details)
56. Catch at a straw (to get support)
111. Iron will ( very strong determination)
57. Cock and bull story (fabricated story )
112. In the air (spreading of information)
58. Come to blows ( start quarrel )
113. In a fix (in dilemma, awkward situation)
59. Casting vote (decisive vote)
114. In black and white (to put down)
60. Call a spade a spade (to be truthful)
61. Call in question (to object) 115. In the nick of time (at the eleventh hour)
62. Call names(to abuse) 116. Keep up appearances(an outward show)
63. Carry the day (to win) 117. keep at arm's length (to keep others away)
64. Carry weight (carry importance) 118. Kith and kin(relatives)
65. (to be used as a tool) 119. Kick the bucket (pass away)
66. Cold war (open enmity with out fighting) 120. Keep abreast of (keeping in touch)
67. Come to terms (come to agreement) 121. Let the cat out of bag ( to disclose)
68. Cut a sorry figure (to feel shame 122. Leave no stone unturned (try every means)
69. Capital punishment (death sentence) 123. Leave in the lurch (leave in difficulty)
70. Cry wolf ( to spread rumor) 124. Lick the dust (lick)
71. Curry favour (to praise for benefit) 125. Look down upon (to hate)
72. Dutch courage (courage from being drunk) 126. Make fun of (to laugh at)
73. Double faced ( hypocrite) 127. Make both ends meet
74. Do a good turn to ( be helpful) 128. Make a clean breast of (to confess)
75. Dance attendance on (to do what one likes) 129. Make amends for (to make penance for)
76. Dark horse (A person with hidden abilities) 130. Make good (to compensate)
77. Die in harness (to continue to the last) 131. (to earn fame)
78. Every inch (completely) 132. Move heaven and earth (to struggle hard)
79. End in smoke ( go useless) 133. Null and void (cancelled)
80. ( to back out) 134. Nip in the bud (remove from the beginning)
81. Flesh and blood (human nature) 135. Off hand (with out preparation)
82. Fair play (just dealing) 136. Out and out (thoroughly)
83. Fall prey to (become victim of) 137. Off and on (now and then)
84. Foul play (unfair) 138. Once in a blue moon (rarely)
85. Find fault with (to criticize) 139. Over head and ears (completely in debt)
86. Flog a dead horse (useless effort) 140. On the eve of (on the occasion of )
87. Fish out of water (to be unease at new place) 141. Necessary evil ( an un-avoided evil)
88. Face the music (face the result) 142. Narrow escape (close shave)
89. Fall in love with (love) 143. Part and parcel (inseparable)
90. Fall in with (meet) 144. Play ducks and drakes ( to spend lavishly)
91. For want of (running short of) 145. Prose and cons (favorable & unfavorable)
92. For good (forever) 146. Play with fire (dangerous play)

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147. Pay back in the same coin (tit for tat) 199. Break away
148. Pocket an insult (bear insult silently) 200. Break out
149. (to interfere) 201. Break into
150. (to make someone against) 202. Break through
151. Play truants (to run from school) 203. Call for
152. Pull a long face (to get sad) 204. Call in
153. (to befool someone) 205. Call off
154. Pay through nose (face the music) 206. Call to account
155. Put the cart before horse (to do contrary) 207. Carry out
156. Red tape (official delay due to 208.

157. Read between the lines(to know the hidden) 209.

158. Rank and file(common people) 210.

159. Small talk (to gossip) 211.

160. Smell a rat (to smell danger) 212. Come round (to get round)
161. Show white feather (show coward-ness) 213. Comes of (have relation to)
162. Scot free (to be free completely) 214. Cast away ( to throw)
163. Split hair (to scrutinize) 215. Cast down (be unhappy)
164. Stand on ceremony (to be formal) 216. Cut short (be brief)
165. Spick and span (neat and tidy) 217. Cut down (to reduce)
166. Spread like wild fire (spread very fast) 218. Deal in (to do business)
167. See eye to eye with (to get agree) 219. Do away with (eradicate)
168. Take to task (to reprove) 220. Die out (disappear)
169. Take ill (to mind) 221.

170. Tell upon (break down)

171. Talk shop 223.

172. (run away) 224. Fall out (to quarrel)

173. Take to heart (take seriously) 225. Fall through (to fail)
174. Taken aback (surprised) 226. Fall off (to decrease)
175. Turn over a new leaf(start life afresh) 227. Go off (explode)
176. Turn a deaf ear to (not to listen) 228. Get through (to succeed)
177. Turn coat (disloyal/traitor) 229. Get at (reach, gain access to)
178. Turn tail (to run away) 230. Get over(forget)
179. Turn turtle (to upside down) 231. Go through
180. Through thick and thin(through all sorts) 232. Give away (distribute)
181. (to deceive) 233. Give in ( to yield)
182. Take fancy to (like some one) 234. Give up (to hand over)
183. To get wind of (to be informed of) 235. Keep up with (go forward with
184. With heart and soul (fully) 236. Lay by/put by/set aside ( to save)
185. Up to the mark (having reasonable) 237. Look down upon (to hate)
186. Under a cloud (to be dishonoured) 238. Look after ( to take care)
187. Uphill/Herculean task (difficult task) 239. Look forward to ( to expect eagerly)
188. Wet blanket (discouraging person) 240. Look for (to search)
189. Well off (to be rich) 241. Make good (to compensate
190. Wear and tear (depreciation) 242. Make up for
191. Win laurels (to earn fame) 243. Make out
244. Put off(to postpone)
Phrasal Verbs 245. Put up with (endure; tolerate)
246. Put down
192. Bear out ( to confirm/certify) 247. Put on (clothe)
248. pass by
193. Belong to (come of)
249. pass away
194. Back out (dishonour commitment)
250. part with
195. Bring home to (to explain)
251. part from
196. Bring about(cause)
252. Set out
197. Bring up (to rear, to educate)
253. Set off
198. Break down

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254. Set in (to begin) Born at Fight for Objection to Write in

255. Set up (to establish) Bad at Furious at Oppose to Yearn for
Boast of Famous for Part with
256. See off (to depart with complements)
Brag of Fill in Part from
257. See through (to understand) Banished from Fire at Proud of
258. Stand out (to look prominent) Become of Good at Preside at
259. Stand for (to represent) Blind in Good to Plot against
260. Stand by (to support) Blind to Good of Popular with
Blessed with Gaze at Play at
261. Run short of (to fall short of)
Bring up Guilty of Play upon
262. Run out (to finish) Claim for Grumbled at Pray to
263. Run over Clever at Hope for Prefer to
264. Send for Confidence in Happened to Prevail on
265. Take down
266.

267.
Take for
Take to
CORRECTION
(05 marks)
268. Take after
269. Take into account
Use of Noun
270. Tell upon(on)
Incorrect Correct
271. Turn down 1. The sceneries of Swat are lovely. The scenery of Swat is lovely.
272. Turn up 2. The furnitures in this room are good. The furniture in this room is good.
273. Turn out/off 3. She gave me two advices. She gave me two pieces of advice.
274. Write off 4. She shouted vulgar abuses at me. She shouted vulgar abuse at me.
5. She wrote three poetries She wrote three poems.
275. Work out
6. The hen ate many rices. The hen ate many grains of rice.
Important Prepositions 7. He made many mischiefs. He made many pieces/acts of mischief.
(05 marks) 8. He ran into many troubles. He ran into much trouble.
Set-A Set-B Set-C Set-D 9. He gave me two informations. He gave me two pieces of information.
Astonished at Catch at Hard on Prior to 10. She told me two news. She told me two pieces of news.
Attend on Confident of Invite to Prevent from 11. She took tea with her family members. She took tea with the members of her family.
Attend to Comes of Hostile to Persist on 12. Cattle is eating grass. Cattle are eating grass.
Agree with Consist of Indebted to Ponder over
13. Cattles are eating grass. Cattle are eating grass.
Agree at Charged with Inclination to/for Quick at
Agree on Control over Interfere with Relieve of 14. Ten miles are a long distance. Ten miles is a long distance.
Angry with Cheque on Indifferent to Rely on 15. He gave me a fifty rupees note. She gave me a fifty rupee note.
Angry at Cure of Inform of Rescue from 16. Her hairs are curly. Her hair is curly.
Acceded to Compare to Impose on Revenge on 17. Politics are a game. Politics is a game.
Aim at Compare with Indifferent to Rob of 18. Two sheeps are eating grass. Two sheep are eating grass.
Approve of Congratulate on Interfere with Repent on
19. I like fresh fruits. I like fresh fruit
Allot to Deaf to Involve Proficient in
Attach to Deprive of Jump up Run over 20. He grows a variety of fruit. He grows a variety of fruits.
Aware of Depend on Jealous of Remind of 21. I bought two dozens eggs. I bought two dozen eggs.
Afraid of Die of justified in Reward for 22. She bought some stationeries. She bought some stationery.
Absorbed in Die for Keen about Succeed in 23. He caught two fishes. He caught two fish.
Accomplished in Dwell at Kind to Smile at 24. I have two works to do. I have two pieces of work to do.
Adorned with Deal in Key to Sick of
25. I have a business in the office. I have a piece of business in the office.
Adverse to deal with Knock at Senior to
Ashamed of Differ from Knocked out Sure of 26. We spent the summer vacations in Swat We spent the summer vacation in Swat
Abide by Disgusted with Long for Side of 27. The United States are a rich country. The United States is a rich country.
Avail of Displeased with Leads to Startled at 28. The United Nations are not working for us. The United Nations are not working for us.
Absent from Dear to Listen to Stare at 29. We have read many poetries. We have read many poems
Adhere to Deliver to Lack of loyal to Short of 30. He issues order to release him. He issues orders to release him.
Addicted to Dream of Lust for Taste for
31. He takes pain over his work. He takes pains over his work.
Alarmed at Drain into Look up Tired of
Adjacent to Enter into Lecture about True to 32. I have an urgent work/business at home. I have an urgent piece of work/business at home.
Based on Envious of Laugh at Trust in 33. The leg of table is broken.
Burst into Eligible for Made from Takes after 34. She has book of Naeem.
Believe in Enjoy of Made of Thankful to 35. I was busy in my study. I was busy in my studies.
Begins from Fond of Marry to Victim to 36. I am twenty years old. I am twenty year old.
Beware of Faith in Note down Wrong with Vermin is seen everywhere in rainy season. Vermin are seen everywhere in rainy season.
37.
Beg for Familiar with Notorious for Want of
38. He killed two deers. He killed two deer.
Born in Familiar to Operate upon Write with
Born to Faithful to Object to Write down 39. I saw many deers. I saw many deer.

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40. He bought four scores of oranges. He bought four score of oranges. 102. This pen is like me. This pen is like my pen.
41. 103. Those who work hard they will pass. Those who work hard will pass.
104. He who is proud he is not liked. He who is proud is not liked.
42.
105. You and I do your work You and I do our work.
43. Measles are spreading rapidly. Measles is spreading rapidly. 106. They and we do their duty. They and we do our duty.
44. Please put your sign here Please put your signature here 107. You and they obey their parents. You and they obey your parents.

Use of Pronoun Use of adjective

Incorrect Correct Incorrect Correct
45. I and he are friends. He and I are friends. 108. Please give me any milk. Please give me some milk.
46. He and you are friends You and he are friends. 109. He did not give me some milk. He did not give me any milk.
47. This pens is my. This pen is mine. 110. She made tea with little milk. She made tea with a little milk.
48. I, you and he will help the poor. You he and I will help the poor. 111. She made tea with a little milk I brought. She made tea with the little milk I brought.
49. I, you and he deceive others. I, he and you deceive others. 112. He earns few rupees daily. He earns a few rupees daily.
50. Any one can do if one tries. Any one can do if he tries. 113. He spent a few rupees he had. He spent the few rupees he had.
51. One of the dogs bite. One of the dogs bites. 114. She is taller than me. She is taller than I.
52. One of the teacher died in blast. One of the teachers died in blast. 115. She is the tallest than her sister. She is taller than her sister.
53. Neither of the three girls are my sister. None of the three girls is my sister. 116. He is the taller of the three. He is the tallest of the three.
54. None of the two boys are there. Neither of the two boys is there. 117. She is more taller than I. She is taller than I.
55. Either of the three girls are my sister. Anyone of the three girls is my sister. 118. This book is more ideal than that This book is ideal.
56. Anyone of the two boys are there. Either of the two boys is there. 119. This car is more preferable than that This car is preferable to that
57. He along with his teachers are going. He along with his teachers is going. 120. He is the most unique doctor in the city. He is a unique doctor in die city.
58. He as well as you is in the wrong. He as well as you are in the wrong. 121. This cloth is more superior than that This cloth is superior to that
59. Neither he nor I is working. Neither he nor I am working. 122. He is senior than me. He is senior to me.
60. Either you or she have done some thing Either you or she has done some thing wrong. 123. She is the most tallest girl in the class. She is the tallest girl in the class.
wrong. 124. He gained a first prize. He gained die first prize.
61. He is one of those boys who is mischievous. He is one of those boys who are mischievous. 125. He loves every of his two sisters. He loves each of his two sisters.
62. I want a teacher for my son who is over forty. For my son, I want a teacher who is over forty. 126. I am elder than he. I am older than he.
63. It is I who are to blame. It is I who am to blame. 127. She is my older sister. She is my elder sister.
64. It is she not you who are to blame. It is she not you who is to blame. 128. She is the tallest of the two. She is die taller of die two.
65. He is taller than me. He is taller than I. 129. The number of boys in our school are less. The number of boys in our school is small.
66. He is happy as her. He is happy as she. 130. Yours sincere friend. Yours sincerely. OR your sincere friend.
67. This is yours book. This is your book. Or This book is yours. 131. He is a coward man He is a coward. OR He is a cowardly man.
68. Your work is better than mine work. Your work is better than my work. OR Your work is 132. She is much beautiful. She is very beautiful.
better than mine. 133. He spent whole the money. He spent the whole money.
69. One should do his duty. One should do one's duty. 134. He spent the all money. He spent all die money. ,
70. A man should do one's duty. A man should do his duty. 135. She has no any money to buy a pen. She has no money to buy a pen.
71. He keeps himself away from smoking. He keeps away from smoking. 136. She is very tired to run. She is too tired to run.
72. She was bathing herself in the pool. She was bathing in the pool. 137. Of the two, he is the best. Of the two, he is the better.
73. Wise people avail of every opportunity. Wise people avail themselves of every opportunity. 138. It much fine today It very fine today
74. He enjoyed in the class. He enjoyed himself in the class. 139. It is too cold today. It is very cold today.
75. Aslam and I are thieves. I and Aslam are thieves. 140. He is a best student. He is a good student.
76. I and Aslam are social workers. Aslam and I are social workers. 141. He is more fatter than I. He is fatter than I.
77. Ali is the boy which I like the best Ali is the boy whom I like the best 142. He is my older brother. He is my elder brother.
78. I saw a bird who was pretty. I saw a bird which was pretty. 143. This story is much interesting. This story is very interesting.
79. He is such a boy who is liked by me. He is such a boy as is liked by me. 144. She is elder than I. She is elder to me.
80. He is the same boy who won the prize. He is the same boy that won the prize. 145. Where are your family members? Where are the members of your family?
81. He is the boy who I like. He is the boy whom I like. 146. His result is much encouraging. His result is much encouraging.
82. Whom is singing a song? Who is singing a song? 147. I was much happy. I was much happy.
83. Who do you like the most? Whom do you like the most? 148. I am much pleased to see you. I am much pleased to see you.
84. It is him. It is he. 149. I am very obliged to you. I am very obliged to you.
85. Let she come in. Let her come in. 150. He is a miser man. He is a miserly man.
86. The matter is between she and I. The matter is between her and me. 151. All is the eldest man in the town. All is the oldest man in the town.
87. None of the girls has done their work. None of the girls has done her work. 152. She is my oldest daughter. She is my eldest daughter.
88. Neither of the two boys is doing their duty. Neither of the two boys is doing his duty. 153. What is the last news of the match? What is the latest news of the match?
89. Either of die two boys is learning their lesson. Either of the two boys is learning his lesson. 154. She is a miser woman. She is a miserly woman. OR She is a miser.
90. Anyone of these boys is reading their book Anyone of these boys is reading his book. 155. This book is too much thick. This book is much too thick.
91. Every boy is doing their duty. Every boy is doing his duty. 156. He is coward boy. He is cowardly boy. Or He is coward.
92. Each of us has paid their dues. Each of us has paid his dues. 157. The braves are always respected. The brave are always respected.
93. The four girls are fighting with each other. The two girls are fighting with one another. 158. This is a worth seeing place. The is a place worth seeing
94. The jury was divided in its verdict The jury were divided in their verdict 159. Health is more preferable than wealth. Health is more preferable to wealth.
95. The jury were united in their opinion. The jury was united in its opinion. 160. She is the most unique teacher in school. She is a unique teacher in school.
96. I saw a girl in the school who is lovely. In the school, I saw a girl who is lovely. 161. Please keep quietly. Please keep quiet.
97. Both of they have gone. Both of them have gone. 162. This orange tastes sweetly. This orange tastes sweet.
98. He braver than we all. He braver than us all. Or all of us.
99. The two boys are helping one another. The two boys are helping each other.
100. One of the girl is wise. One of the girls is wise.
101. Your s truly. Yours truly

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Naeem series By Naeem Akhtar (M.Phill, M.Com, MA Eng) 03214346076 Naeem series By Naeem Akhtar (M.Phill, M.Com, MA Eng) 03214346076
Beauty of Swat is matchless. The beauty of Swat is matchless.
Use of verb 226.
227. The iron is found in Pakistan. Iron is found in Pakistan.
Incorrect Correct 228. Gold of this watch is pure. The gold of this watch is pure.
163. She never speaks a lie. She never tells a lie. 229. I love the Pakistan. I love Pakistan.
164. She opened the knot She untied the knot 230. Pakistan of today is different from Pakistan of The Pakistan of today is different from the Pakistan
165. She has written a letter last night She wrote a letter last night 1947. of 1947.
166. The boat drowned into the lake. The boat sank into the lake. 231. Earth is a small planet. The Earth is a small planet.
167. Two men sank in the sea. Two men drowned in the sea. 232. A snake I saw in the garden was black. The snake I saw in the garden was black
168. A duck was swimming in the pool. A duck was floating in the pool. 233. Karachi is biggest city of Pakistan. Karachi is the biggest city of Pakistan.
169. A boy was floating in the canal A boy was swimming in the canal. 234. We should love innocent We should love the innocent
170. A picture was hanged on die wall. A picture was hung on the wall. 235. English are a cunning nation. The English are a cunning nation.
171. The murderer was hung yesterday. The murderer was hanged yesterday. 236. Nile is the longest river of the world. The Nile is the longest river of the world.
172. The hen has lain an egg. The hen has laid an egg. 237. The sun sets in west The sun sets in the west
173. She was laying in the bed. She was lying in die bed. 238. Holy Quraan is the last book of Allah. The Holy Quraan is the last book of Allah.
174. You will pass if you will work hard. You will pass if you work hard. 239. More we earn, more we want The more we earn, the more we want
175. If he worked hard, he win pass. If he worked hard, he would pass. 240. She is wiser of the two girls. She is the wiser of the two girls.
176. If he had worked hard, he will have passed. If he had worked hard, he would have passed 241. The Aslam is a selfish boy. Aslam is a selfish boy.
177. She said that she is ill. She said that she was ill 242. The all books in this bag are written by me. All the books in this bag are written by me.
178. I fear to pass die exam. I hope to pass die exam. 243. She is suffering from the diabetes. She is suffering from diabetes.
179. I hope to lose die game. I fear to lose die game. 244. She ate the breakfast late today. She ate breakfast late today.
180. He told that he was ill. He told that he was sick 245. The both sisters are beautiful. Both the sisters are beautiful.
181. The boy has given the examination. The boy has taken the examination. 246. She got an employment in the bank. She got employment in the bank.
182. The lion invaded the hunter. The lion attacked the hunter. 247. She is of opinion that he is a cheat She is of the opinion that he is a cheat
183. She has taken admission to the college. She has got admission to the college. 248. The wisdom is a unique gift Wisdom is a unique gift
184. He refused that he had told a lie. He denied that he had told a lie. 249. Wisdom of Ali is unique. The wisdom of Ali is unique.
185. He denied to help me. He refused to help me. 250. This is the gold. This is gold.
186. He refuses the existence of God. He denies the existence of God. 251. Gold of Brazil is very famous. The gold of Brazil is very famous.
187. She with her daughters are taking tea. She with her daughters is taking tea.
I as well as you were wrong. I as well as you was wrong.
188.
189. Either he or I are wrong. Either he or I am wrong. Use of Preposition
190. A number of boys has failed. A number of boys have failed. Incorrect Correct
191. Majority in Pakistan are poor. Majority in Pakistan is poor. 252. The bird was sitting on the tree. The bird was sitting in the tree.
192. Majority of the people in Pakistan is poor. Majority of the people in Pakistan are poor. 253. The stars are shining on the sky, The stars are shining in the sky.
193. Two and two makes four. Two and two make four. 254. I hate from cruelty. I hate cruelty.
194. Do not let him to go. Do not let him go. 255. The lion attacked on the hunter. The lion attacked the hunter.
195. She had better to take the exam. She had better take the exam. 256. We reached at the station in time. We reached the station in time.
196. She works hard lest she should not fail. She works hard lest she should fail. 257. You can pass in die examination. You can pass the examination.
197. It is raining since morning. It has been raining since morning. 258. She is kind on me. She is kind to me.
He has been absent for a long time, OR He has been 259. The knife is to cut The knife is to cut with.
198. He has been absent for long.
absent since long. 260. The page is to write. The page is to write on.
199. Why he ate bread? Why did he eat bread? 261. The house is to live. The house is to live in.
200. He makes friend. He makes friends. 262. The patient has been operated. The patient has been operated upon.
201. Each student have done his work. Each student has done his work. 263. He is angry at me. He is angry with me.
202. Every one of them are lazy. Every one of them is lazy. 264. She is angry with my performance. She is angry at my performance.
203. Black and white TV are Cheap. Black and white TV is cheap. 265. The letter is written with pencil. The letter is written in pencil.
204. Cutting the grass, a snake bit him. Cutting the grass, he was bitten by a snake. 266. I am writing the letter in pencil. I am writing the letter with pencil.
205. Opening the door, a handle was broken. Opening the door, he broke the handle. 267. He likes to write with blue ink. He likes to write in blue ink.
206. Opening the book, the lesson was learnt Opening the book, she learnt the lesson. 268. She could not sit in the exam. She could not sit for the exam.
207. He had not met me two days ago. He did not meet me two days ago. 269. He sat under the shade of a tree. He sat under the in of a tree.
208. She is one of those who is liked by me. She is one of those who are liked by me. 270. She is blind of her right eye. She is blind in her right eye.
209. She prevented me to go there. She prevented me from going there. 271. He is blind in his shortcomings. He is blind to his shortcomings.
210. He knows to swim. He knows how to swim. 272. This cheque is of the United Bank. This cheque is on the United Bank. .
211. Ali looks happily. Ali looks happy. 273. This cheque is of Rs. 20000/- This cheque is for Rs. 20000/-
212. He is feeling hunger. He is feeling hungry. 274. I will say it on his face. I will say it to his face.
213. Union is consisted in faith. Union consists in faith. 275. What is he for you? What is he to you?
214. She wants that I should help her. She wants me to help her. 276. He died from TB. He died of TB.
215. Every Muslim should wear a beard. Every Muslim should have a beard. 277. She is ill from fever. She is ill with fever.
216. Climbing down the tree, an egg was broken While he was climbing down the tree, he broke an egg. 278. She congratulated me for my success. She congratulated me on my success.
217. Being a rainy day, I could not come. It being a rainy day I could not come. 279. She resembles to her mother. She resembles her mother.
Use of Article 280.
281.
The examination will begin from Sunday.
He reached at the station.
The examination will begin on Sunday.
He reached the station.
Incorrect Correct 282. He met me on night. He met me at night.
218. She is making noise. She is making a noise. 283. He closes his shop at the afternoon. He closes his shop in die afternoon.
219. He is in wrong. He is in the wrong. 284. We will meet after two days. We will meet in two days.
220. Horse is a faithful animal. The horse is a faithful animal.
285. Open die books on page 8. Open the books at page 8.
221. She is telling lie. She is telling a lie.
286. She is good in cooking. She is good at cooking.
222. I saw snake in the garden. ! saw a snake in the garden.
287. He did not agree with my proposal. He did not agree to my proposal.
223. I bought an eggs. I bought eggs.
288. She impressed me from her wisdom. She impressed me with her wisdom.
224. She drank a tea. She drank tea.
289. He is lacking of courage. He is lacking in courage.
225. The health is a wealth. Health is a wealth.

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Naeem series By Naeem Akhtar (M.Phill, M.Com, MA Eng) 03214346076
290. Smoking is injurious for health. Smoking is injurious to health.
291. She was accused with theft. She was accused of theft
292. She is very popular in friends. She is very popular with friends.
293. He cannot part from his books. He cannot part with his books.
294. He has never been in the cinema. He has never been at the cinema.

Use of Conjunction
Incorrect Correct
295. She is as tall as him. She is as tall as he.
296. She no sooner entered the class, the teacher She no sooner entered the class than the teacher began
began to teach the lesson. to teach the lesson.
297. She is not as tall as her sister. She is not so tall as her sister.
298. She is so tall as her sister. She is as tall as her sister.
299. He is as tall as all of we. He is as tall as all of us.
300. She is as wise as both of we. She is as wise as both of us.
301. She is both wise as well as beautiful. She is both wise and beautiful.
302. Although he is old but he can run fast Although he is old yet he can run fast
303. We had hardly reached the class than the We had hardly reached the class when the teacher
teacher began to teach the lesson. began to teach the lesson.
304. She had scarcely reached the station than the She had scarcely reached the station when the train
train steamed off. steamed off.
305. Not only he is fat but also lazy. He is not only fat but also lazy.
306. Not only he writes but also teaches. He not only writes but also teaches.
307. I
308. This is the same book which I gave you. This the same book that/as I gave you.
309. When he comes then I shall go with him When he comes, I shall go with him
310. As he was there so I met him. As he was there I met him.
311. She talks like her mother does She talks like her mother. Or talks as her mother does
312. She talks is if she is scholar. She talks is if she were scholar.
313. Walk carefully lest you may not fall. Walk carefully lest you should fall.
314. He cannot succeed unless he do He cannot succeed unless he reads.
315. Either she or I is in the wrong. Either she or I is in the wrong.
316. He is no other but Naeem. He is no other than Naeem.

Miscellaneous
Incorrect Correct
317. There are three females in the room. There are three ladies/women in the room.
318. The attested copy of the certificate is attached The attested copy of the certificate is attached.
herewith.
319. The students should keep good health. The students should enjoy good health.
320. There is no place in this compartment. There is no room in this compartment
321. He was writing in his copy. He was writing in his note book.
322. Good evening, I am going to sleep. Good night, I am going to sleep.
323. Good night, I am glad to see you. Good evening, I am glad to see you.
324. She could not help but weep. She could not help weeping.
325. I went there with a view to help him. I went there with a view to helping him.
326. She met me in the way. She met me on the way.
327. What to speak of milk, even water could not be Not to speak of milk, even water could not be had
had there. there.
328. It is half past seven in my watch. It is half past seven by my watch.

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