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Coordinates: 40.7133°N 74.

0120°W

7 World Trade Center


7 World Trade Center (7 WTC) refers to two buildings that have existed
7 World Trade Center
at the same location within the World Trade Center site in Lower
Manhattan, New York City. The current structure is the second building to
bear that name and address in the World Trade Center complex. The
original structure, part of the original World Trade Center, was completed
in 1987 and was destroyed in the September 11 attacks. The current
building opened in May 2006. Both buildings were developed by Larry
Silverstein, who holds a ground lease for the site from the Port Authority
of New York and New Jersey.

The original 7 World Trade Center was 47 stories tall, clad in red masonry,
and occupied a trapezoidal footprint. An elevated walkway connected the
building to the World Trade Center plaza. The building was situated above
a Consolidated Edison power substation, which imposed unique structural
design constraints. When the building opened in 1987, Silverstein had
difficulties attracting tenants.Salomon Brothers signed a long-term lease in
1988, and became the main tenants of the building. On September 11,
2001, 7 WTC was damaged by debris when the nearby North Tower of the
World Trade Center collapsed. The debris also ignited fires, which
continued to burn throughout the afternoon on lower floors of the building.
The building's internal fire suppression system lacked water pressure to The new 7 World Trade Center from the
fight the fires, and the building collapsed completely at 5:21:10 pm, southeast (2008)
according to FEMA,[5]:23 while the 2008 NIST study placed the final
collapse time at 5:20:52 pm.[6]:19, 21, 50–51 The collapse began when a
critical internal column buckled and triggered structural failure throughout,
which was first visible from the exterior with the crumbling of a rooftop
penthouse structure at 5:20:33 pm. The collapse made the old 7 World
Trade Center the first tall building known to have collapsed primarily due
to uncontrolled fires,[7] and the only steel skyscraper in the world to have
collapsed due to fire.[8]

Construction of the new 7 World Trade Center began in 2002, and was
completed in 2006. The building is 52 stories tall (plus one underground
floor), making it the 28th-tallest in New York.[2][3][4] It is built on a
smaller footprint than the original, allowing Greenwich Street to be
restored from Tribeca through the World Trade Center site and south to
Battery Park. The new building is bounded by Greenwich, Vesey,
Washington, and Barclay streets. A small park across Greenwich Street
occupies space that was part of the original building's footprint. The
current building's design emphasizes safety, with a reinforced concrete
core, wider stairways, and thicker fireproofing of steel columns. It also
incorporates numerous green design features. The building was the first
commercial office building in New York City to receive the U.S. Green
Building Council's Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
(LEED) certification, where it won a gold rating. It was also one of the first
projects accepted to be part of the Council's pilot program for Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design – Core and Shell Development
(LEED-CS).[9]

Contents
Original building (1987–2001)
Design and layout
Tenants
9/11 and collapse
Collapse
Reports

New building
Design
Construction
Opening
See also
References
External links

Original building (1987–2001)

Design and layout

Original 7 World Trade The original 7 World Trade


Center, the red-tinted Center from the WTC
building behind and to the observation deck
left of the Twin Towers
(View from southwest)

The original 7 World Trade Center was a 47-story building, designed by


Emery Roth & Sons, with a red granite facade. The building was 610 feet
(190 m) tall, with a trapezoidal footprint that was 330 ft (100 m) long and
140 ft (43 m) wide.[10][11] Tishman Realty & Construction managed
[10] The building opened Location within Lower Manhattan
construction of the building, which began in 1983.
in May 1987, becoming the seventh structure of the World Trade General information
Center.[12] Status Complete

The building was constructed above a Con Edison substation that had been Type Office
on the site since 1967.[13] The substation had a caisson foundation Location 250 Greenwich
designed to carry the weight of a future building of 25 stories containing Street
600,000 sq ft (56,000 m2).[14] The final design for 7 World Trade Center Manhattan, New
was for a much larger building than originally planned when the substation York 10007, United
was built.[15]:xxxviii The structural design of 7 World Trade Center States
therefore included a system of gravity column transfer trusses and girders,
Coordinates 40.7133°N
located between floors 5 and 7, to transfer loads to the smaller
74.0120°W
foundation.[6]:5 Existing caissons installed in 1967 were used, along with
Construction started May 7, 2002[1]
new ones, to accommodate the building. The 5th floor functioned as a
structural diaphragm, providing lateral stability and distribution of loads Completed 2006
between the new and old caissons. Above the 7th floor, the building's Opening May 23, 2006
structure was a typical tube-frame design, with columns in the core and on Height
[14]
the perimeter, and lateral loads resisted by perimeter moment frames.
Architectural 743 ft (226 m)[2]
A shipping and receiving ramp, which served the entire World Trade Roof 741 ft (226 m)[3]
Center complex, occupied the eastern quarter of the 7 World Trade Center
Top floor 679 ft (207 m)[2]
footprint. The building was open below the 3rd floor, providing space for
Technical details
truck clearance on the shipping ramp.[14] The spray-on fireproofing for
structural steel elements was gypsum-based Monokote, which had a two- Floor count 52[3][4]
hour fire rating for steel beams, girders and trusses, and a three-hour rating Floor area 1,681,118 sq ft
for columns.[5]:11 (156,181 m2)[2]

Mechanical equipment was installed on floors four through seven,


Lifts/elevators 29[2]
including 12 transformers on the 5th floor. Several emergency generators Design and construction
installed in the building were used by the New York City Office of Architect David Childs
Emergency Management, Salomon Smith Barney, and other tenants.[5]:13 (SOM)[2]
In order to supply the generators, 24,000 gallons (91,000 L) of diesel fuel
Developer Silverstein
were stored below ground level.[16] Diesel fuel distribution components
Properties[2][4]
were located at ground level, up to the ninth floor.[17]:35 After the World
Structural engineer WSP Cantor
Trade Center bombings of February 26, 1993, New York City mayor Rudy
Seinuk[2]
Giuliani decided to situate the emergency command center and associated
fuel tanks at 7 World Trade Center. Although this decision was criticized in Website
light of the events of 9/11, the fuel in the building is today not believed to 7 World Trade Center, wtc.com
have contributed to the collapse of the building.[18][19]:2 The roof of the
References
building included a small west penthouse and a larger east mechanical
[2]
penthouse.[13]

Each floor had 47,000 sq ft (4,400 m2) of rentable office space, which made the building's floor plans considerably larger than most
office buildings in the City.[20] In all, 7 World Trade Center had 1,868,000 sq ft (173,500 m2) of office space.[5]:1 Two pedestrian
bridges connected the main World Trade Center complex, across Vesey Street, to the third floor of 7 World Trade Center. The lobby
of 7 World Trade Center held three murals by artist Al Held: The Third Circle, Pan North XII, and Vorces VII.[21]

Tenants
In June 1986, before construction was completed, developer Larry Silverstein signed Drexel Burnham Lambert as a tenant to lease
the entire 7 World Trade Center building for $3 billion over a term of 30 years.[22] In December 1986, after the Boesky insider-
trading scandal, Drexel Burnham Lambert canceled the lease, leaving Silverstein to find other tenants.[23] Spicer & Oppenheim
agreed to lease
14 percent of
the space, but
for more than
a year, as
Black Monday
and other
factors
adversely
affected the
Lower
Transfer trusses used on the 5–7th floors to
Manhattan
redistribute load to the foundation
The position of building 7 in relation to the real estate
other WTC buildings before September market,
11, 2001 Silverstein was unable to find tenants for the remaining space. By April 1988,
[24]
he had lowered the rent and made other concessions.

In November 1988, Salomon Brothers withdrew from plans to build a large new complex at Columbus Circle in Midtown, and agreed
to a 20-year lease for the top 19 floors of 7 World Trade Center.[25] The building was extensively renovated in 1989 to accommodate
the needs of Salomon Brothers. This led to the alternative naming of the building as the Salomon Brothers building.[26] Most of three
existing floors were removed as tenants continued to occupy other floors, and more than 350 tons (U.S.) of steel were added to
construct three double-height trading floors. Nine diesel generators were installed on the 5th floor as part of a backup power station.
"Essentially, Salomon is constructing a building within a building – and it's an occupied building, which complicates the situation",
said a district manager of Silverstein Properties. The unusual task was possible, said Larry Silverstein, because it was designed to
allow for "entire portions of floors to be removed without affecting the building's structural integrity, on the assumption that someone
might need double-height floors."[26]

At the time of the September 11, 2001, attacks, Salomon Smith Barney was by far the largest tenant in 7 World Trade Center,
occupying 1,202,900 sq ft (111,750 m2) (64 percent of the building) which included floors 28–45.[5]:2[27] Other major tenants
included ITT Hartford Insurance Group (122,590 sq ft/11,400 m²), American Express Bank International (106,117 sq ft/9,900 m²),
Standard Chartered Bank (111,398 sq ft/10,350 m²), and the Securities and Exchange Commission (106,117 sq ft/9,850 m²).[27]
Smaller tenants included theInternal Revenue ServiceRegional Council (90,430 sq ft/8,400 m²) and the United States Secret Service
(85,343 sq ft/7,900 m²).[27] The smallest tenants included the New York City Office of Emergency Management,[28] National
Association of Insurance Commissioners, Federal Home Loan Bank, First State Management Group Inc., Provident Financial
Management, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service.[27] The Department of Defense (DOD) and Central Intelligence
Agency (CIA) shared the 25th floor with the IRS.[5]:2 Floors 46–47 were mechanical floors, as were the bottom six floors and part of
the seventh floor.[5]:2[29]

9/11 and collapse

Collapse
As the North Tower collapsed on September 11, 2001, heavy debris hit 7 World Trade Center, damaging the south face of the
building[30]:18 (PDF p. 22) and starting fires that continued to burn throughout the afternoon.[6]:16, 18 The collapse also caused
damage to the southwest corner between Floors 7 and 17 and on the south face between Floor 44 and the roof; other possible
structural damage included a large vertical gash near the center of the south face between Floors 24 and 41.[6]:17 The building was
equipped with a sprinkler system, but had many single-point vulnerabilities for failure: the sprinkler system required manual
initiation of the electrical fire pumps, rather than being a fully automatic system; the floor-level controls had a single connection to
the sprinkler water riser; and the sprinkler system required some power for the fire pump to deliver water.[31]:11 Additionally, water
pressure was low, with little or no water to feed sprinklers.[32]:23–30
After the North Tower collapsed, some firefighters entered 7 World Trade Center to
search the building. They attempted to extinguish small pockets of fire, but low
water pressure hindered their efforts.[33] Over the course of the day, fires burned out
of control on several floors of 7 World Trade Center, the flames visible on the east
side of the building.[34] During the afternoon, the fire was also seen on floors 6–10,
13–14, 19–22, and 29–30.[30]:24 (PDF p. 28) In particular, the fires on floors 7
through 9 and 11 through 13 continued to burn out of control during the afternoon.[7]

At approximately 2:00 pm, firefighters noticed a bulge in the southwest corner of


7 World Trade Center between the 10th and 13th floors, a sign that the building was
unstable and might collapse.[35] During the afternoon, firefighters also heard
creaking sounds coming from the building.[36] Around 3:30 pm, FDNY Chief
Daniel A. Nigro decided to halt rescue operations, surface removal, and searches
along the surface of the debris near 7 World Trade Center and evacuate the area due
7 World Trade Center on fire after the
to concerns for the safety of personnel.[37] The fire expanded the girders of the collapse of the Twin Towers on 9/11
building, causing some to lose their structural integrity. This led column number 79,
a critical column supporting a large part of the 13th floor, to buckle, causing the
floors above it to collapse to the fifth floor; however, this could not be seen from outside the building. The structure also developed
cracks in the facade just before the entire building started to fall.[6]:21[38] According to FEMA, this collapse started at 5:20:33 pm
EDT when the east mechanical penthouse started crumbling.[5]:23[39] Differing times are given as to what time the building
completely collapsed:[39] at 5:21:10 pm EDT according to FEMA,[5]:23 and at 5:20:52 pm EDT according to NIST.[6]:19, 21, 50–51

There were no casualties associated with the collapse.[38] NIST found no evidence to supportconspiracy theories such as the collapse
being the result of explosives; it found that a combination of factors including physical damage, fire and the building's unusual
construction set off a chain-reaction collapse.[40]

Reports
In May 2002, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) issued a
report on the collapse based on a preliminary investigation conducted jointly
with the Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil
Engineers under leadership of Dr. W. Gene Corley, P.E. FEMA made
preliminary findings that the collapse was not primarily caused by actual
impact damage from the collapse of 1 WTC and 2 WTC but by fires on
multiple stories ignited by debris from the other two towers that continued
burning unabated due to lack of water for sprinklers or manual firefighting.

Schematic view of collapse progression, The report did not reach conclusions about the cause of the collapse and called
with structural failure initiating on lower for further investigation.[19]:3
floors, on the east side of the building and
vertical progression up to the east Subsequently, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was
mechanical penthouse authorized to lead an investigation into the structural failure andcollapse of the
World Trade Center Twin Towers and 7 World Trade Center.[7] The
investigation, led by Dr S. Shyam Sunder, drew upon in-house technical
expertise as well as the knowledge of several outside private institutions, including the Structural Engineering Institute of the
American Society of Civil Engineers (SEI/ASCE); the Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE); the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA); the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC); the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
ork (SEAoNY).[41]
(CTBUH); and the Structural Engineers Association of New Y

The bulk of the investigation of 7 World Trade Center was delayed until after reports were completed on the Twin Towers.[7] In the
meantime, NIST provided a preliminary report about 7 WTC in June 2004, and thereafter released occasional updates on the
investigation.[30] According to NIST, the investigation of 7 World Trade Center was delayed for a number of reasons, including that
NIST staff who had been working on 7 World Trade Center were assigned full-time from June 2004 to September 2005 to work on
[42]
the investigation of the collapse of the Twin Towers.[42] In June 2007, Shyam
Sunder explained,

We are proceeding as quickly as possible while rigorously


testing and evaluating a wide range of scenarios to reach the
most definitive conclusion possible. The 7 WTC investigation
is in some respects just as challenging, if not more so, than the
study of the towers. However, the current study does benefit
greatly from the significant technological advances achieved
and lessons learned from our work on the towers.[43]
Few photos and video clips exist that
show the damage sustained to the south
face of 7 World Trade Center on 9/11. An
ABC News helicopter captured footage of
the south face of 7 World Trade Center,
including a glimpse of a gash, extending
approximately 10 stories.

In November 2008, NIST released its final report on the causes of the collapse of
7 World Trade Center.[6] This followed NIST's August 21, 2008, draft report which
included a period for public comments,[7] and was followed in 2012 by a peer-
reviewed summary in the Journal of Structural Engineering.[44] In its investigation,
NIST utilized ANSYS to model events leading up to collapse initiation and LS-
DYNA models to simulate the global response to the initiating events.[45]:6–7 NIST
determined that diesel fuel did not play an important role, nor did the structural
damage from the collapse of the Twin Towers or the transfer elements (trusses,
girders, and cantilever overhangs). The lack of water to fight the fire was an
important factor. The fires burned out of control during the afternoon, causing floor
BMCC's Fiterman Hall was heavily beams near column 79 to expand and push a key girder off its seat, triggering the
damaged from the collapse of floors to fail around column 79 on Floors 8 to 14. With a loss of lateral support
7 World Trade Center. across nine floors, column 79 buckled – pulling the east penthouse and nearby
columns down with it. With the buckling of these critical columns, the collapse then
progressed east-to-west across the core, ultimately overloading the perimeter
support, which buckled between Floors 7 and 17, causing the remaining portion of the building above to fall downward as a single
unit. The fires, which were fueled by office contents and burned for 7 hours, along with the lack of water, were the key reasons for
the collapse.[6]:21–22 Incidentally, this made the old 7 WTC the only steel skyscraper at the time to have collapsed from fire.
[8]

When 7 WTC collapsed, debris caused substantial damage and contamination to the Borough of Manhattan Community College's
Fiterman Hall building, located adjacent at 30 West Broadway, to the extent that the building was not salvageable.[46] A revised plan
called for demolition in 2009 and completion of the new Fiterman Hall in 2012, at a cost of $325 million.[47] The adjacent Verizon
Building, an art deco building constructed in 1926, had extensive damage to its east facade from the collapse of 7 World Trade
[48]
Center, though it was able to be restored at a cost of US$1.4 billion.

Files relating to numerous federal investigations had been housed in 7 World Trade Center. The Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission estimated over 10,000 of its cases were affected.[49] Investigative files in the Secret Service's largest field office were
lost, with one Secret Service agent saying, "All the evidence that we stored at 7 World Trade, in all our cases, went down with the
building."[50] Copies of emails in connection with the WorldCom scandal that were later requested by the SEC from Salomon
Brothers, a subsidiary of Citigroup housed in the building, were also destroyed.[51]
The NIST report found no evidence supporting the conspiracy theories that 7 World
Trade Center was brought down by controlled demolition. Specifically, the window
breakage pattern and blast sounds that would have resulted from the use of
explosives were not observed.[6]:26–28 The suggestion that an incendiary material
such as thermite was used instead of explosives was considered unlikely by NIST
because of observations of the fire and the building's structural response to the fire,
and because it is unlikely the necessary quantity of material could have been planted
without discovery.[7] Based on its investigation, NIST reiterated several
recommendations it had made in its earlier report on the collapse of the Twin
Towers.[6]:63–73 It urged immediate action on a further recommendation: that fire
resistance should be evaluated under the assumption that sprinklers are
unavailable;[6]:65–66 and that the effects of thermal expansion on floor support
Aerial view of WTC remains and
systems be considered.[6]:65, 69 Recognizing that current building codes are drawn
neighboring buildings after 9/11, with
to prevent loss of life rather than building collapse, the main point of NIST's the original footprints of the Twin
recommendations was that buildings should not collapse from fire even if sprinklers Towers and 7 WTC outlined
are unavailable.[6]:63–73

New building
The new 7 World Trade Center has 52 stories and is 741 ft (226 m) tall.[52] The building
has 42 floors of leasable space, starting at the 11th floor, and a total of 1,700,000 sq ft
(160,000 m2) of office space.[53] The first ten floors house an electrical substation
which provides power to much of Lower Manhattan. The office tower has a narrower
footprint at ground level than did its predecessor, so the course of Greenwich Street
could be restored to reuniteTriBeCa and the Financial District.[54]

Design
David Childs of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill worked in conjunction with glass artist
and designer James Carpenter to create a design that uses ultra-clear, low-iron glass to
provide reflectivity and light, with stainless-steel spandrels behind the glass to help
reflect sunlight.[55] Stainless steel used in the building façade is molybdenum-
Preliminary site plans for the
containing Type 316, which provides improved resistance to corrosion.[56] To enclose
World Trade Center rebuild
the power substation and improve its aesthetics, the base of the building has a curtain
wall with stainless steel louvers that provide ventilation for the machinery.[57] During
the day, the curtain wall reflects light, while at night it is illuminated with blue LED
lights.[58] The curtain wall around the lobby uses heavily laminated, heat-strengthened
glass that meets high standards for blast resistance.[59] At night, a large cube of light
above the lobby also emanates blue light, while during the day it provides white light to
the lobby, and at dusk it transitions to violet and back to blue.[60] Inside the main lobby,
artist Jenny Holzer created a large light installation with glowing text moving across
wide plastic panels.[55] The entire wall, which is 65 ft (20 m) wide and 14 ft (4.3 m)
tall, changes color according to the time of day. Holzer worked with Klara Silverstein,
the wife of Larry Silverstein, to select poetry for the art installation. The wall is
structurally fortified as a security measure.[61]

The building is being promoted as the safest skyscraper in the U.S.[62] According to
Silverstein Properties, the owner of the building, it "incorporate[s] a host of life-safety
enhancements that will become the prototype for new high-rise construction."[63] The
building has 2-foot-thick (0.61 m) reinforced-concrete and fireproofed elevator and
stairway access shafts. The original building used only drywall to line these shafts.[64]
[64]
The stairways are wider than in the original building to permit faster egress.

7 World Trade Center is equipped with Otis destination elevators.[65] After pressing a
destination floor number on a lobby keypad, passengers are grouped and directed to
specific elevators that will stop at the selected floor (there are no buttons to press inside
the elevators). This system is designed to reduce elevator waiting and travel times. The
elevator system is integrated with the lobby turnstile and card reader system that
identifies the floor on which a person works as he or she enters and can automatically
call the elevator for that floor.[66]

Nearly 30 percent of structural steel used in the building consists of recycled steel.[67]
Rainwater is collected and used for irrigation of the park and to cool the building.[55]
The new 7 World Trade Center Along with other sustainable design features, the building is designed to allow in plenty
from the ground of natural light, power is metered to tenants to encourage them to conserve energy, the
heating steam is reused to generate some power for the building, and recycled materials
are used for insulation and interior materials.[68]

Construction
The construction phase of the new 7 World Trade Center began on May 7, 2002, with
the installation of a fence around the construction site.[1] Tishman Construction
Corporation of New York began work at the new 7 World Trade Center in 2002, soon
after the site was cleared of debris. Restoring the Con Ed electrical substation was an
urgent priority to meet power demands of Lower Manhattan.[54] Because 7 World Trade
Center is separate from the main 16-acre (6.5 ha) World Trade Center site, Larry
Silverstein required approval from only the Port Authority, and rebuilding was able to
proceed quickly.[69] Building Seven was not included in the original W
orld Trade Center
master plan by Daniel Libeskind, but was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
under the leadership ofDavid Childs, who largely redesigned One World Trade Center.

Once construction of the power substation was complete in October 2003, work
proceeded on building the office tower. An unusual approach was used in constructing
the building; erecting the steel frame before adding the concrete core. This approach
7 World Trade Center
allowed the construction schedule to be shortened by a few months.[70] Construction
construction in October 2004
was completed in 2006 at a cost of $700 million.[55] Though Silverstein received
$861 million from insurance on the old building, he owed more than $400 million on its
mortgage.[71] Costs to rebuild were covered by $475 million in Liberty Bonds, which provide tax-exempt financing to help stimulate
[72]
rebuilding in Lower Manhattan and insurance money that remained after other expenses.

A 15,000 sq ft (1,400 m2) triangular park was created between the extended Greenwich Street and West Broadway by David Childs
with Ken Smith and his colleague, Annie Weinmayr, of Ken Smith Landscape Architect. The park comprises an open central plaza
with a fountain and flanking groves of sweetgum trees and boxwood shrubs.[73] At the center of the fountain, sculptor Jeff Koons
created Balloon Flower (Red), whose mirror-polished stainless steel representsa twisted balloon in the shape of a flower.[74]

Opening
The building was officially opened at noon on May 23, 2006, with a free concert featuring Suzanne Vega, Citizen Cope, Bill Ware
Vibes, Brazilian Girls, Ollabelle, Pharaoh's Daughter, Ronan Tynan (of the Irish Tenors), and special guest Lou Reed.[75] Prior to
opening, in March 2006, the new 7 World Trade Center frontage and lobby were used in scenes for the movie Perfect Stranger with
Halle Berry and Bruce Willis.[76]

Since the building opened, several unleased upper floors have been used for events such as charity lunches, fashion shows, and black-
tie galas. Silverstein Properties allowed space in the new building to be used for these events as a means to draw people to see the
building.[77] From September 8 to October 7, 2006, the work of photographer Jonathan Hyman was displayed in "An American
Landscape", a free exhibit hosted by the World Trade Center Memorial Foundation at 7 World Trade Center. The photographs
captured the response of people in New York City and across the United States after the September 11, 2001, attacks. The exhibit
[78]
took place on the 45th floor while the space remained available for lease.

By March 2007, 60 percent of the building had been leased.[79] In September


2006, Moody's signed a 20-year lease to rent 15 floors of 7 World Trade
Center.[80] Other tenants that had signed leases in 7 World Trade Center, as of
May 2007, include ABN AMRO,[81] Ameriprise Financial Inc.,[82] law firm
WilmerHale, Darby & Darby P.C.,[83] Mansueto Ventures LLC, business
publisher of Fast Company and Inc.,[84] and the New York Academy of
Sciences.[85]

The space occupied by Mansueto Ventures has been designed to use the
New York Academy of Sciencesoffice maximum amount of natural light and has an open floor plan.[86] The space
(lobby) on the 40th floor used by the New York Academy of Sciences on the 40th floor, designed by H3
Hardy Collaboration Architecture, works with the parallelogram shape of the
building. Keeping with the green design of the building, the NYAS uses
recycled materials in many of the office furnishings, has zoned heating and cooling, and lights that detect motion, coming on
[87]
automatically only when people are present, and adjust according to incoming sunlight.

Silverstein Properties also has offices and the Silver Suites executive office suites[88] in 7 World Trade Center, along with office
space used by the architectural and engineering firms working on 1 World Trade Center, 150 Greenwich Street, 175 Greenwich
Street, and 200 Greenwich Street.[89] The building became fully leased in September 2011 when MSCI Inc. was reported to have
.[90]
leased a 125,000-square-foot space on the top floor

See also
List of tallest buildings in New York City
World Trade Center in popular culture

References
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2002/05/08/nyregion/as-a-hurdle-is-cleared-building-begins-at-ground-zero.html). The New York Times. Retrieved
August 16, 2009.
2. "7 World Trade Center - The Skyscraper Center"(https://web.archive.org/web/20130420030516/http://skyscrapercen
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(http://skyscrapercenter.com/new-york-city/7-world-trade-center) on April 20, 2013.
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mmercial-office-space-nyc/7-world-trade-center). Silverstain Properties. Archived fromthe original (http://silverste
inproperties.com/commercial/7-world-trade-center/)on February 5, 2017.
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6. NIST NCSTAR1-A: Final Report on the Collapse of World Trade Center Building 7 (http://ws680.nist.gov/publication/
get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=861610)(PDF). NIST. November 2008. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2011072105582
0/http://wtc.nist.gov/NCSTAR1/PDF/NCSTAR%201A.pdf) (PDF) from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved
July 11, 2011.
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External links
World Trade Center SilversteinProperties.com
7 World Trade Center on CTBUH Skyscraper Center

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