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XQ140/12Y
HYDRAULIC POWER TONG
OPERATION MANUAL
XQ140/12Y-SM
I. Summary
Model XQ140/12Y hydraulic power tong, as a new model of open-type power tong, is used in
quick making up and breaking out of tubing, small drill pipes and small casing pipes between
73~140mm (2 ⅞”~5 ½”) OD on the land oil field or offshore. Besides, the master tong is combined
with the backup tong as one entity.
It is featured by simple structure, easy operation, wide usage and large output torque. Due to
these advantages, it will reduce the labor strength and meanwhile improve the work efficiency and
well service quality.
Ⅱ.Main Technical Parameter
Master Tong
XQ140/12Y hydraulic power tong is composed of master tong, backup tong and hydraulic power
station (optional). When working, the backup tong clamps coupling or joint by the backup tong
cylinder (guiding pipes on both ends could be extended to clamp the string according to requirements).
The master tong clamps the string and then the hydraulic motor rotates clockwise or anticlockwise
through manual direction-convert valve, thus finishing making up or breaking out operation.
i. Driving System
XQ140/12Y hydraulic power tong makes use of four-gear mechanism, as shown in Fig 1. Z2, Z1,
Z3, Z5, Z6, Z7, Z11, Z12, Z13 are joggled in low gear; Z2, Z1 Z3 Z5 Z10, Z11, Z12, Z13 are joggled
in second low gear; Z2, Z4, Z6, Z7, Z11 Z12 Z13 are joggled in second high gear; Z2, Z4, Z8, Z9,
Z10, Z11, Z12, Z13 are joggled in high gear.
Coniform Head Screw; 8. Submerged Screw; 9. Friction Disc; 10. Spring; 11. Brake Disc;
12. back Cap; 13. Inner Hexagon Socket Head Cap Screw; 14. Steel ball; 15. Spring; 16. Roller Support Bracket; 17. Centralizing Roller;
18. Centralizing Roller Shaft; 19. Cotter Gear; 20. Jaw Bracket; 21. Cotter Gear Cover; 22. Spline Key Plate
Composed of ramp, roller, jaw, die seat, die and jaw bracket, the clamping system adopts
negative camber roller climbing in both ways. The jaw bracket assembly is installed inside the cotter
gear chamber. The spline key on the spline key disc is joggled with the spline key on the spline key
joint board of the brake system. When the driving system sends the cotter gear to rotate, the jaw
bracket assembly will not rotate due to braking, but the ramp of negative camber will rotate
simultaneously. The jaw roller will climb along the negative camber of ramp, in which way the jaw
assembly will move close to rotation center, thus realizing the initial pipe clamping. When the torque
increases over the brake torque valve, the cotter gear will set the spline key joint board, brake steel
disc, jaw bracket assembly, jaw and pipe string to rotate together.
It adopts the same clamping system, for whatever master tong or backup tong. Hydraulic oil
pushes the spline piston to make reciprocation movement, and meanwhile set the duplex gear and jaw
bracket to rotate inside the backup tong and the roller to climb the ramp, thus realizing the clamping or
loosening of the pipe string.
are all aligned. On the completion of each makeup and breakout operation, move the manual
controlled valve in the opposite direction to set the hydraulic power tong back to the initial position,
thus making the pipe string go through the power tong opening smoothly. During the makeup and
breakout operation, the reset knobs on the master tong and the backup tong should point to the same
direction. 4, Centralizing Mechanism (Refer to Fig. 2 & 4)
The upper, below, inside and outside centralizing mechanism includes roller support bracket and
roller, which are installed on the shell and tong head cap respectively. It works together with cotter
gear and the groove on the cotter gear cap to make sure the cotter gear rotates around the original axes
without deviation or axial movement, thus centralizing the tong head.
Chart below shows the relation between input pressure and output torque of the tong head. A is Low
Gear, B is Second Low Gear, C is Second high Gear and D is High Gear.
2. Barrel
Per customer’s requirement, hydraulic barrel and barrel valve or spring barrel Page 8 of 53
will be equipped.
1 Hydraulic Barrel (Refer to Fig. 8)
It is composed of barrel, cylinder, spring, piston rod, piston, throttle valve and joints, mainly used
to make sure of free float up and down when making up or breaking out and to adjust hanging height.
The journey distance of the piston rod hereof is 508mm (20 inches).
○
Fig. 8 Hydraulic Barrel Assembly 1.Cotter; 2. Barrel End Joint; 3.Cylinder cover; 4. Barrel
body; 5.Spring; 6.Piston; 7.Cylinder body; 8.Joint; 9.Double-ear joint
2 Barrel Valve (Refer to Fig. 9, Purchase No. 12AZ-271) Composed of valve, throttle valve
core, valve cap, handle, stopper valve core, washer, handle and oil passing bolt, the barrel
valve controls the up-side-down movements of the piston rod in the hydraulic barrel.
○
1. Valve body; 2. Valve Core; 3. Valve Cap; 4. Handle; 5 Valve Core. 6. Handle; 7.Oil passing bolt;
1. Hexagon Bolt M20 x 70; 2. Hanging Head; 3. Hanging Rod; 4. Cotter Pin 4 x 40; 5. End Cover; 6. Spring;
7. Working Barrel; 8. Joint; 9, Spring; 10. Nut M20
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3. Hydraulic Lubrication Hydraulic lubrication used on this power tong must be filtered efficiently
with
2 L-HS15, L-HS22 Hydraulic Lubrication, suitable to extremely cold areas. In case that the
ambient temperature is too low to start the pump, heat with electric heater until it can work
properly.
○
1, Connect hydraulic barrel and master tong hanging rod via bolt; 2, Install a pulley, which can bear
over 2-ton pull, on the derrick; 3, Pull an OD 12mm soft steel line or a flexible steel line through
pulley, with one end connected to barrel and the other fixed onto the derrick. Then hang the power
tong to the height where backup tong die points directly to the pipe string coupling or the drill pipe
joint.
⑶.Installation of Hydraulic Tubing Line
The tubing line is connected to the high pressure oil passing hose. The thread specification of the
end joint on the oil passing line is M36 x 2(Purchase No. 12AZ-217.2) or R3/4(Purchase No.
12AZ-217.1), dependent on requirements.
⑷.Leveling
Push the hydraulic power tong to the place of clamping. Check if the tong head is horizontal or
flat. If not, adjust four adapter screws in coordination on the hanging rod to keep the master tong
horizontal.
⑸ .Trailing Line Connection
After leveling the tong, connect one end of the trailing to the pin shaft on the power tong end seat
and the other end to the derrick, and must be kept in the same height as the tong. At this time, the
trailing line is pulled and forms a 90°-angle with the tong midline.
Pay attention to the direction. Watch in the front of the tong head. When making up, the trailing
line should be tied to the right side of the tong; while during breaking out, it should be tied to the left.
And the trailing line should be soft steel line which can bear over 3-ton pull.
⑹ .Running-in
1, Supply oil to the hydraulic power tong; 2, Manipulate the barrel valve and adjust the height of
power tong; 3, Low gear runs for 1~2 minutes without load; 4, High gear runs for 1~2 minutes without
load; 5, Test the rotation of tong head and the reset mechanism. Watch if the master tong and the
backup tong run simultaneously. If not, adjust the reset knob.
Note: Simultaneous running means when manual controlled valve runs in one direction, both the
master tong die the backup tong die come out. If the manual controlled valve runs in the other
direction, the master tong jaw bracket and the cotter gear will open, and the backup tong jaw bracket
and the backup tong will also open simultaneously. There are mainly two factors causing not running
in-phase:
A. Reset knob runs in the wrong direction;
B. Connect the master tong hose to the backup tong or otherwise. In that case, Page 14 of 53
adjust the reset knob on the hoses of master tong and the backup tong. 6, Open the safety door and
send the tong to well head. Watch if the distance between the master tong and the backup tong is
proper. If not, make adjustment; 7, Shift to high gear and clamp the pipe string in trial. Per makeup
torque, gear, torque and pressure chart recommended by API, set the system oil pressure byadjust the
overflow valve of the hydraulic system; 8, Adjust the manual controlled valve slightly, and finish gear
shifting under lowgear. Avoid any damage to the gear.
⑺.Measures to Take after Running-in Test
1, Cut of the power source; 2, Remove the high pressure hose and protect the oil passing end; 3, Check
the fasteners and tie up any one loose; 4, Lower down the power tong to the flat place; 5, Clean the
power tong.
Ⅴ.Operation
i. Choice of Jaw, Die Seat and Die
1, Jaws are in three specifications, one for master tong jaw and two for backup tong jaw (Refer to Fig.
13). The chart below shows the details:
Fig. 13
Jaw for Esp. for backup tong, fit for
2 12AB-28.1 XQ12.B-01-9 Backup all pipe sizes except Φ5 ½”
Tong(1) casing.
Jaw for Esp. for backup tong, only
3 12AB-28.2 XQ12.B-01-9A Backup fit forΦ5 ½” casing
Tong (2) coupling.
2, Specification and Purchase No. for Jaw Seat 3, Specification and Purchase No. of Jaw
3, When tong dies need changing, please take out die seats and loosen screw retaining pin to take out
tong dies. Put in the tong dies in the other way round. Note after putting in tong dies the screw
retaining pin must be tightened up. In this power tong, the clipping of different dimensions of pipe
strings can be achieved by changing sizes of die seats. When mater tong and backup tong clip the
same OD of pipe strings, die seats are commonly used.
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proper gear according to requirements (normally high gear). 2, Rotate the reset knob on both the
master tong and the backup tong to the makeup direction, making sure that the two knobs point to the
same direction. 3, Open the safety door; push the hydraulic power tong near to the pipe string. Make
sure of the clamping position of master tong and the backup tong. And then close the safety door. 4,
Push the hydraulic power tong end to let it rotate around center and tie up the trailing line.5, Slightly
push the manual controlled valve. Start to make up until the power tong stops rotation and then set
loose the joy stick. 6, Per requirements, shift to the second low gear for rushing the screw even
tightlytill makeup torque is up to requirements. 7, Pull the manual controlled valve bar to set the tong
back to its initial working position. 8, Open the safety door and push the power tong back to the initial
position. That’s the whole process of one complete makeup operation.
Break Out:
JIANGSU RUSHI MACHIENRY CO., LTD.
Just operate the other way round.
vii. Gear Shifting
This power tong has two (upper and lower) shifting handles. According to different combinations, you
can get four speeds and four torques of successive geometrical progression. The handle positions of
each grade are shown on the following figure. The shifting should be done at low speed in order to
avoid damaging of gears. The chart below shows the handle position of each gear grade.
Highest
14 24 42 72
rotation speed
Handle position
Page 22 of 53
Grind or replace
3. Spline piston is clamped
splinepiston
4. The joint of tong end Replace tong end cylinder
cylinder and backup and adopt die seats of
tongend seat is damaged. thesame specification
5. Same causes as of
Remedies as above
master tong slippage.
Make-up and break
1. Roller doesn’t run in the outunder the stated
orbit. torque,and adopt suitable
die seats
Grind or replace these
2. Jaw, roller shaft, ramp partsOperate under the
or jaw shelf are damaged. stated torque
3. The brake torque of
Master tong or tong head is a little Remedy as stated above
backuptong grips smaller.
Clean, grind or
4. Jaw roller is clamped. replaceroller and roller
shaft
5. Different dies or die
seats are applied to the two Adopt suitable dies and die
sides of master and backup seats
tong.
6. Not all dies engage the
Operate properly
tubing.
1. Reset knob is not in Turn reset knobs 180°,
place. then reset
Master tong or
2. Jaw shelf is deformed or
backuptong doesn’t Repair or replace jaw shelf
damaged.
align with the opening
Replace reset pins,
of housing
3. Reset pins are broken. andoperate under the
stated torque
1. The displacement of
Increase displacement up
hydraulic pump is a little
to 120L/min.
smaller.
Change or heat oil (esp.
2. Oil viscosity is unsuitable.
The rotation is slow, and inwinter)
oil reflux is normal 3. Pump or motor is over
Replace pump or motor
worn.
4. Manual controlled valve
Make some adjustment
is not in place.
The rotation is slow, and Unidirectional valve of
oil reflux pressure is a quick joint is not openfully Replace quick joint or
or the tubing is plugged. clean the tubing.
little higher
Page 23 of 53
The rotation of tonghead Pump sorbs insufficient
Clean filtrating core,
is not at a constant speed oilAir comes into oil
orsupply enough oil
passing.
Motor rotates without Driving shaft or gear
Replace the damaged parts
tong head rotating isdamaged
i. Transportation
1, The XQ140/12Y hydraulic power tong should be moved stably and must make sure not to get damp,
not to be placed up-side-down and not to be damaged. 2, It should be hanged with steel line of OD
over Φ12mm, and should be kept balance. 3, Do not over incline the hydraulic tong to avoid any
damage to the tong body in case of bumping.
ii. Storage
1, The XQ140/12Y hydraulic power tong must be kept where is under shade, rainproof, waterproof, of
good ventilation with ambient temperature no higher than 45℃. 2, It mustn’t be kept in muddy area or
in the open air.3, During storage, oil input end and output end must be well protected against any
contamination. 4, The effective storage period of a new XQ140/12Y power tong is within one year
since the day it ex-works. If over due, seals and rubber hoses should be replaced completely or
partially.
Ⅸ.List of Parts
i. List of Spare Parts
1 12AZ-32 Brake Spring 12
2 12AZ-54 Friction Disc 4
3 12AZ-58,59,70 Reset Knob Assembly 1set
Roller Centralizer Assembly
4 12AZ-61,63 20sets
5 12AZ-114 Jaw Roller 4
6 12AB-31 Screw Retaining Pin 20
7 12AZ-119 Roller 18
8 12AZ-118 Pin Shaft 18
9 12AZ-101 Retaining Pin 1
10 12AZ-109 Screw Retaining Pin 8
11 12AZ-110.1 Die (1) 20
12 12AZ-110.2 Die (2) 20
13 12AZ-110.3 Die (3) 20
14 12AB-3,12,13 Backup Tong Reset Knob 1set
15 12AB-4 Retaining Pin 1
16 12AB-43 Spline Piston 1
Used on needle of barrel
17 12AB-67 O-ring Seal Φ16×2.4 1 valve on master tong
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Used on ball joint of
18 12AB-53 O-ring Seal Φ18×2.4 7 high pressure hose of
backup tong
Used on master tong
manual controlled valve,
transitional connected
19 12AZ-75 O-ring Seal Φ22×2.4 9
board and ball joint of
rubber hose
Used on backup tong oil
27 12AB-69 O-ring Seal Φ44×3.5 7 filling cylinder and
sensing cylinder
Used on the piston of
28 12AY-1.16 O-ring Seal Φ45×3.5 3
hydraulic barrel
Used on waterproof
29 12AZ-124 O-ring Seal Φ50×3.5 2
cover for master tong
Used on cylinder cap on
both ends of backup tong
30 12AB-37 O-ring Seal Φ56×3.5 2
spline piston
Page 26 of 53
1 Speedy joint;
2 Extended guide arms on front and back end;
3 YZB-120II hydraulic station Main technical parameter: Rated Work Pressure: 16MPa Nominal
Discharge: 120ml/r Power: 18.5kW
1 List of Parts for Safety Door
2 List of Parts for Shell
3 List of Parts for Master Tong Head
4 List of Parts for Centralizer Mechanism
5 List of Parts for Brake and Reset Mechanism
Page 27 of 53
Screw M8×15
4 12AZ-93 XQ12.M-01 Safety Door 1
15 12AZ-29 XQ12.Z-01-7 End Seat 1
Inner Hexagon Socket Head Cap
16 12AZ-28 GB/T70.1-2000 4
Screw M12×40
17 12AZ-34 XQ12.Z-01-8 Parallel Key 2
Notch Coniform Fastening
18 12AZ-26 GB/T68-2000 2
Screw M5×16
19 12AZ-24 XQ12.Z-01-9 Bottom Cover 1
Page 28 of 53
Inner Hexagon Socket Head Cap
20 12AZ-25 GB/T70.1-2000 6
Screw M8×20
21 12AZ-20 XQ12.Z-01-10 End Cover 1
Notch Coniform Fastening
22 12AZ-23 GB/T70.1-2000 4
Screw M6×15
Page 29 of 53
12AZ-107.9 Die Seat (9) 2
12AZ-107.10 Die Seat (10) 2
9 12AZ-109 XQ12.Z-02-11 Screw Pin Shaft 8
10 12AZ-112 XQ12.Z-02-6 Roller Shaft 2
Notch Coniform Fastening
11 12AZ-113 GB/T71-1985 4
Screw M8×12
12 12AZ-114 XQ12.Z-02-9 Roller 2
13 12AZ-111 XQ12.Z-02-10 Jaw Set 2
14 12AZ-108 GB/T119.1-2000 Cylindrical Pin 6×18 4
15 12AZ-116 XQ12.Z-02-8 Ramp 4
Inner Hexagon Socket Head
16 12AZ-91 GB/T70.1-2000 12
Cap Screw M10×20
Page 30 of 53
Notch Coniform Fastening
5 12AZ-55 GB/T68-2000 20
Screw M6×15
6 12AZ-121 GB/T91-2000 Cotter Pin 3×20 18
7 12AZ-118 XQ12.Z-03-5 Pin Shaft 18
8 12AZ-65 XQ12.Z-03-6 Washer 10
9 12AZ-64 GB/T5781-2000 Hexagon Head Bolt M10×15 10
Page 31 of 53
Inner Hexagon Socket Head Cap
10 12AZ-91 GB/T70.1-2000 4
Screw M10×20
11 12AZ-92 XQ12.Z-01-11 Front handle 2
Hexagon Head Bolt M10×45
12 12AZ-66 GB/T5781-2000 10
13 12AZ-32 XQ12.Z-05-9 Brake Spring 10
14 12AZ-67 XQ12.Z-05-7 Back Cap 10
Notch Countersunk Head Screw
15 12AZ-56 GB/T68-2000 7
M5×6
16 12AZ-68 XQ12.Z-05-10 Spring 2
17 12AZ-69 GB308-89 Steel Ball S5 2
18 12AZ-70 XQ12.Z-05-8 Reset Knob Shaft 1
Inner Hexagon Socket Head Cap
19 12AZ-90 GB/T70.1-2000 16
Screw M10×25
Page 32 of 53
6. List of Parts for Intermediate Wheel Shaft
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Inner Hexagon Socket Head
5 12AZ-204 GB/T70.1-2000 Cap Screw M6×16 4
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S/N. Purchase No. Item No. Description Qty.
1 12AZ-131 XQ12.Z-10-12 Shift Fork 1
2 12AZ-138 XQ12.Z-10-11 Shift Ring 1
3 12AZ-137 XQ12.Z-10-10 Shift Fork Bearing 1
4 12AZ-212 XQ12.Z-10-13 Ball Handle 1
5 12AZ-130 XQ12.Z-10-9 Bearing Sleeve 2
6 12AZ-133 XQ12.Z-10-8 Roller Bearing 1
7 12AZ-134 GB/T91-2000 Cotter Pin 2×10 1
8 12AZ-132 XQ12.Z-10-7 Roller 1
9 12AZ-135 XQ12.Z-10-6 Roller Support Seat 1
10 12AZ-136 GB/T1096-1979 Parallel Key B5×30 1
9 12AZ-139 XQ12.Z-10-4 Bearing Sleeve 2
10 12AZ-133 XQ12.Z-10-8 Roller Bearing 1
11 12AZ-134 GB/T91-2000 Cotter Pin 2×10 1
12 12AZ-132 XQ12.Z-10-7 Roller 1
13 12AZ-135 XQ12.Z-10-3 Roller Support Seat 1
14 12AZ-141 GB/T1096-1979 Parallel Key B6×40 1
Page 45 of 53
13 12AB-12 XQ12.B-01-2 Backup Tong Reset Knob 1
14 12AZ-58 GB/T119.1-2000 Cylindrical Pin 5×20 1
15 12AB-11 XQ12.B-01-3 Spring 2
16 12AZ-69 GB308-89 Steel Ball S5 2
17 12AB-71 XQ12.B-01-10 Bearing 1
Inner Hexagon Socket Head
18 12AB-20、90 GB/T70.1-2000 Cap Screw M10×30 19
Page 47 of 53
9 12AB-264 XQ6B.B-10-8 Oil Passing Bolt 2
10 12AB-265 GB/T3452.1-1992 O-ring Seal 22×2.4 4
11 12AB-46 XQ6B.B-10-7 Joint 2
12 12AB-59 XQ12.B-03 Rear Support 1
14 12AB-43 XQ12.B-02-2 Spline Piston 1
15 12AB-32 XQ12.B-02-1 Backup Tong End 1
16 12AZ-27 GB/T93-1987 Spring Washer 12 1
17 12AB-14 XQ12.B-05 Setting Screw M12×20 1
Inner Hexagon Socket Head Cap
18 12AB-34 GB/T70.1-2000 4
Screw M16×40
19 12AB-72 GB/T93-1987 Spring Washer 16 4
20 12AB-9 XQ12.B-02-7 Duplex Gear 1
21 12AB-8 XQ12.B-02-8 Rotation Shaft 1
22 12AB-6 XQ12.B-02-6 Setting Disc 1
Page 51 of 53
9 12AY-1.18 GB/T893.1-1986 Circlip for Hole 30 1
10 12AY-1.16 GB/T3452.1-1992 O-ring Seal 38.7×3.55G 3
11 12AY-1.17 XQ12.T-01-4 Piston 1
12 12AY-1.14 GB/T3452.1-1992 O-ring Seal 25×3.55G 3
13 12AY-1.9 XQ12.T-01-8 Cylinder End Joint 1
14 12AY-1.8 XYQ3B.Z.1-21 Small Spring 1
15 12AY-1.7 Q12.YD-01.3 Throttle Valve Core 1
16 12AY-1.6 GB/T3452.1-1992 O-ring Seal 24×2.4 1
17 12AY-1.5 XQ12.T-01-10 Joint 1
18 12AY-1.4 GB/T91-2000 Cotter Pin 4×36 1
19 12AY-1.3 XQ12.T-01-11 Hanging Head 1
Quick Change Joint
20 12AY-7 JB/ZQ4434-86 M24×1.5 1