MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE AND

GEOGRAPHY RAINFALL || CHAPTER 2

Fundamental Questions
Q1) Name the two most commonly used scales for measuring temperature.
Ans) Celsius and Fahrenheit scales are two most commonly used scales for
measuring temperature.
Q2) What is the difference between the diurnal and annual range of temperature?
Ans) Daily or diurnal range of temperature is the difference between the maximum
and minimum temperature recorded during day. Annual range of temperature is the
difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of the year.
Q3) What is precipitation? What are its different forms?
Ans) Continuous condensation of water vapour in the air results in the formation of
minute droplets of water. When these droplets join together, they form bigger drops,
which become too heavy to float and start falling down. This process is called
precipitation. There are four types of precipitation- rain, snow, sleet and hail
Q4) What are isohyets?
Ans) Isohyets are lines joining places of equal rainfall above mean sea level. They
are extremely useful in preparing weather maps.
Q5) Name the instrument and the unit used to measure the speed of wind?
Ans) An anemometer measures wind speed. Wind is measured in kilometers or
knots per hour.
Q6) Define condensation and precipitation.
Ans) Condensation is the process of change of state of water from gaseous to liquid
state. It takes place in different forms and falls on the surface of earth as rain, snow,
hail, sleet, which is known as precipitation.
Q7) What is hygrometer used for?
Ans) Hygrometer is used for recording humidity.
Q8) What is anemometer used for?
Ans) Anemometer is used for measuring speed of wind.
Q9) How are monthly mean and annual mean temperatures obtained?
Ans) Monthly mean temperature: temperature obtained by adding the mean
temperatures of a month and dividing by the number of days of the month.
Annual mean temperature: temperature obtained by adding the mean temperatures
of the months for a year and then dividing the sum by 12.
Q10) What is a weather map? How is it useful?
Ans) A weather map is a representation of the distribution of meteorological data of
a given area on the surface of earth. It shows all the elements of weather represented
by different symbols. It is used to show patterns in the data available and forecast
weather.
 MEASUREMENT OF TEMPERATURE AND
GEOGRAPHY RAINFALL || CHAPTER 2
Q11) What is current?
Ans) The vertical movement of air is called current.
Q12) How to convert temperature on Fahrenheit to Celsius?
Ans) The temperature on a Fahrenheit Scale can be converted to Celsius scale by
using the Formula F= (9/5) C+ 32
Q13) How is atmospheric humidity measured?
Ans) Atmospheric humidity is measured using a wet and dry bulb thermometer.
Q14) What is humidity and how is it measured?
Ans) Humidity is the amount of water vapour present in the atmosphere. It varies
from place to place and time to time. It is related to the temperature of air. Hot air has
greater capacity for holding water. Humidity can be expressed as : Absolute Humidity
and Relative Humidity.
Q15) Fill in the blanks:
i) The daily mean temperature is obtained by adding the maximum and minimum
temperatures of the day and dividing the sum by 2.
ii) Humidity is recorded continuously on a graph paper using a hygrometer.
iii) The process of change of state of water from gaseous to liquid state is called
condensation.
iv) The vertical movement of air is called current.
v) Weather instruments are set up at a place called weather station.
vi) Lines joining places of equal temperature reduced to sea level are called isotherm.
vii) On a temperature and rainfall graph, the X axis shows the distribution of months.