STRUCTURE DESIGN

BASIS REPORT
FOR

Foundation pile cap supporting

Tower crane.
1. INTRODUCTION:
The requirement includes design loading criteria, rules governing structural form, and
a factor of safety.

2. SCOPE:
The specification covers the requirement for the design foundation pile cap

3. STANDARDS AND CODES:

The design shall be in accordance with of the Standards and Codes of Practice
including the amendments as described below:
BS 8110
SBC: 301.303

4. MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTIONS.
Fc= 40 Mpa
FY=460 Mpa.

5. Loads: From crane manufacturer Attached along with report, additional mast load is
added to vertical loads.

Loads Units In service Out of service

Vertical load KN 1691.4 1571.4
Moment KNm 2788.06 3087.51
Horizontal load KN 41.13 147.51
 i) Design of pile cap

a) Base size and working pile loads (vertical and horizontal).

Base size
Min spacing of pile cap is determined by ability to construct piles and avoid clashing between
angles, anchors, and pile reinforcement

1) Minimum spacing of pile = 3xD

= 3x600=1800mm

2) To avoid a clash between anchors and pile reinforcement

Mast size+ anchor width +pile cage diameter

= 2000+800+(600-2*75) = 3250 mm

Therefore, pile spacing should not be less than 3250mm

S =3300 mm

Pile cap =3300+600+400=4300mm.

Min pile depth =2.5 D=2.5*600=1500mm.

i.e. selected pile cap is 4300x4300x1700 mm.

working pile loads(vertical)

max load occurs when Mo is about a diagonal axis

1) Load case: In service load

overturning moment Mo =MA +H* D

= 2788+41.13*1.7

= 2858KNm.

Vertical load from V = 1691.4 KN.

Self wt. of pile cap G= 4.3*4.3*1.7*24 =755 KN.

Total vertical load W = V+G =1691.4+755=2447 KN.

Max working pile load = W/4+Mo/4.667

Min working pile load = W/4 -Mo/4.667

 Max pile load = 2447/4+2858/4.667 = 1225 KN(comp)

Min pile load = 2447/4-2858/4.667 = -0.64 KN (tens)

2) Load case: out of service load

Mo = 3087.51+147.51*1.7 =3339 KNm.

W = 1572+755=2327 KN.

Max working pile load = 2327/4+3339/4.667 =1298 KN.

Min working pile load = 2327/4-3339/4.667= -134 KN.

Horizontal pile load

1) Load case: In service load
H= 41.13/4 = 10.3 KN
2) Load case: out of service
H= 147.51/4 = 36.9 KN

b) Structure design of reinforced concrete pile cap

Estimate the width available to be designed as beam with

BS code recommendation relating to truss analog

Method i.e. consider reinforcement within 1.5 times (BS 8110 3.11.4)

the pile diameter (1.5x600=900mm)

width of beam =900+500=1400 mm.

calculate pile loads using BS 8110 partial factors (table 2.1)

For compression pile loads, vertical loading is adverse so Ƴf= 1.4 for both vertical and overturning
moment

For tensile pile loads, vertical load is beneficial so Ƴf =1 for vertical load and Ƴf= 1.4 for overturning
moment

Max pile load =1.4 W/4 + 1.4 Mo/4.67

=1.4*2327/4 + 1.4*3339/4.67=1815 KN(comp)

Min pile load = 1*2327/4 – 1.4*3339/4.67 = -419 KN(tension)

Using concrete strength Fcu= 40 N/mm2 and steel Fy =460 N/mm2.

1) Bottom reinforcement

Self wt of beam =1.4*1.6*1.4*24 =76 KN/m

Effective depth d = 1700-75-25-25/2 = 1587 mm

Max bending moment (At compression leg of mast) M =1815*0.65 – 76*1.15*1.15/2

M = 1130 KNm

K =M/bd^2 fcu = 1130*10^6/1400*1587^2*40 =0.008.

Z =0.95 d =0.95*1587= 1507

As = M/0.95FyZ

= 1130*10^6/0.95*460*1507 = 1715 mm2.

(i.e. 1715/1.4= 1225mm2/m)

Min reinf required = 0.13% = (0.13/100) *1400*1700= 3094mm2

(i.e. 3094/1.4 = 2210 mm2/m).

Provide T 25 @ 160 mm c/c.

2) Top reinforcement

Max design tensile load = 419 KN.

Moment =419x0.65 + 76*1.15*1.15/2 = 323 KNm.

By compression with bottom reinforcement provide same reinforcement

i.e. T 25 @ 160 mm c/c.

c) Shear check (BS 8110 clause 3.11.4.3, 3.11.4.4, 3.11.4.5)

1) Shear on vertical section across pile cap-critical section is 20% inside the face for shear
enhancement, a strip of width of 1.5x diameter each side of pile can be Utilized i.e. the same
width as beam taken in designing bending reinforcement width = 1400mm

design for max pile load = 1815 KN

shear force due to design ultimate load = V =1815 KN.

Design concrete shear stress Vc= 0.39

(BS 8110 table 3 as fc is greater 40N/mm2)

 20% of pile diameter =120mm.

av distance from pile leg to shear plane =650-120=470mm

Shear enhancement factor =2d/av =2*1587/470= 6.75

Enhanced vc=6.75 *0.39= 2.63N/mm2

Design shear stress =v=V/bd=1815*1000/1400*1587 = 0.816 N/mm2 < (enhanced Vc)

2) Punching shear around pile

a) Stress on perimeter Uo: take the smallest perimeter to be 20% inside the face of the pile
(BS 8110 fig 3.23) i.e. 120mm inside face.
Length of one side of shear perimeter
= (600-120) +200=680mm.
Uo= 2x680=1360mm.
Design ultimate pile load v=1815 KN.
Max design shear stress V=v/Uo*d
=1815*1000/1360*1587
= 0.84 N/mm2. < 0.8√fcu =5 N/mm2.

b) Stress on perimeter touching leg of mast

Shear perimeter u= 2x (650+500) =2300mm
av= 470mm.
shear enhancement factor =1.5d/av= 1.5*1587/470=5

Design concrete shear stress Vc= 0.39

Enhanced Vc= 5*0.39=1.95 N/mm2

Design shear stress V=1815*1000/2300*1587=0.5 N/mm2 < (1.9 N/mm2 enhanced Vc).
ii) Information for pile designer

4 Nos of piles 600mm dia with spacing 3.3 m c/c

Working loads per pile In service load(KN) Out of service load(KN)

Max compression load 1227 1298

Max tension load 0.64 135

Max horizontal load 10.3 36.9

Additional requirement: Area of longitudinal reinforcement per pile must be sufficient to carry a
Ultimate tension load of 420 KN.