Evolving from SCADA to IoT

Evolving from SCADA to IoT

• Let’s define Semantics

• IoT Objectives, chapters 1
and 2
• Separating the hype from
the reality
• Why IoT isn’t easy
• An IoT roadmap &
framework
IoT vs. SCADA?
The Path from SCADA to IoT

Traditional SCADA IoT expands the

• Remote monitor vision
• Supervisory control • Data aggregation
• Reporting • Predictive Analytics –
• Alarms and Alerts what’s going to happen
• Increase autonomy, • Prescriptive Analytics –
decrease O&M costs when, why, what to do
• Data creates value in
multiple applications
• Enabling new business
models
Customer’s Desire – Chapter 1 Asset & Resource Optimization

Efficiency
Smart
Safety
Maintenance

Productivity Environment
Extend
Reduce
Equipment
Waste
Life

Optimization Increase Sustainability

Productivity

Predictable Service
Reduce Increase
Downtime Efficiency

5
Customer’s desire – Chapter 2 Customer-centric business models

IoT as a means to improve asset utilization is the beginning

Consumables as a
service

Usage based service models

Temporary Power as a Service

IoT as a disruptive technology to create new, customer-centric

business models will create the next generation market leaders

6
Cisco’s view: 50B connected devices by 2020
IDC’s view: 212B Connected “Things” by 2020

Image source IBM, data source IDC

Harbor Research view: 8B Connected Devices by 2020
GE’s view: $276B savings potential over 15 years
What is slowing adoption It’s difficult…

• Market & Technology Fragmentation

– Hardware, software, protocols…all different,
independent
– Lack of integration…between devices, to enterprise
systems

• M2M/IoT Development Complexity

– Many different skills required
– Hardware, Embedded, Software, IT, Telecom

• 85% of apps include existing, Legacy systems

11
IIoT Solutions - Complex Connectivity Stack

LEVELS

VALUE – collaboration of customers,

6 integrators, service providers with
business processes

5 APPLICATIONS – reporting and

analytics

4 DATA STORAGE & ACCESS –

DATA AGGREGATION,
3 PROCESSING, TRANSFORMATION
– gateway layer

2 INTELLIGENT CONNECTIVITY –
communication and processing units

1 PHYSICAL DEVICES – “things” in the

“Internet of Things”
With Disparate Requirements

LEVELS
IT
6  Query based
 Data at rest
5  Not real time

4
3 OT
 Event based
2  Data in motion
 (Near) real time
1
Roadmap to the IoT

Separate data Nurture a

producers from Partner
consumers. ecosystem

IoT

Transform data to Adopt “IoT ready” Introduce

information at the protocols Overlay
Edge of Networks Networks
Enable “Consumers” with Semantic Data Models

• Data that requires contextual information is low value

• App developers must be able to utilize information without
knowledge of how its produced
• Intelligent edge devices that publish descriptive data allows
rapid application development with little or no knowledge of
the producing device
– Temp at Tank 14 located at latitude/longitude/elevation
is 27 degrees C°at 8:42 AM
• Scalable, consumable descriptive formats are protocols like
JSON, XML, etc.
• Imagine multiple business from the start!
Transform Data into Information

• Only a fraction of data collected is interesting

• Data isn’t cheap, particularly at scale
– Data pipes
– Storage
– Transaction
– Parsing
– Energy
• Apply business logic at the edge of networks, close to the
action, not at the top of the stack
– Reduce total cost of ownership
• Intelligence at the edge of networks provides the agility to
adapt to a rapidly changing environment
Protocols of IIoT – plenty to choose from
Think scale – protocol example

Traditional: Modbus
– Client/server model
– Servers (producers) must always be available
– High network overhead
– Every additional client (application), increases load on the
server and impacts system performance
– Every client must have deep knowledge of the producer or
data is meaningless
Think scale – protocol example - IoT

• MQTT – a publish/subscribe (pub/sub) model

– Endpoints are “publishers”
– Consumers of data are “subscribers”
– A “Broker” is an intermediary that distributes data from
publishers to all interested subscribers
• This enables
– Endpoints to be sleepy, offline
– No practical limit on number of apps that can consume data
from any publisher
• MQTT is optimized for lightweight devices over wireless, but
there are a number of pub/sub protocols: XMPP, AMQP, STOMP
and more
MQTT Publish/Subscribe Example

1. All three clients open TCP connections with the broker

2. Clients B and C subscribe to the topic “current draw”

Client

Subscribe Subscribe
“current_draw” “current_draw”
Client Client
Broker
B C
MQTT Publish/Subscribe Example

1. Client A publishes a value of “83” amps for topic “current draw”

2. The broker forwards the message to all subscribed clients

Client

Publish “current_draw” = “83”

“current_draw” = “83” “current_draw” = “83”

Client Client
Broker
B C
The Practical Application of Overlay Networks

• The IIoT opportunity is with existing assets and infrastructure

• Reality is:
– Operations (OT) isn’t going to let you touch the automation
layer
– IT isn’t crazy about you putting all this stuff on their
enterprise networks
• “Overlay” networks provide speed, autonomy without
disrupting existing processes
• Tools
– Cellular backhaul
– Wireless sensor networks
Overlay Network Diagram
Partner Ecosystems

• IIoT solutions are a mix of

– Edge device connectivity
– Network connectivity
– Device management
– Databases
– Analytics
– Vertical application expertise
– Business system integration
• Even the giants are promoting concepts of ecosystem partners
to enable solutions.
• Step into the IoT with a mindset of partnerships
A Framework for IoT architecture

things
devices and sensors produce data
intelligent edge devices
add logic and semantic meaning to transform data into useful
information
gateways
aggregate local information and apply business logic, localized
decisioning
network infrastructure
transports information to
databases
where semantic, useful information can be accessed by
multiple applications
unbounded scalability, information consumers isolated from
producers
The Industrial IoT Opportunity

Efficiency
Smart
Safety
Maintenance

Productivity Environment
Extend
Reduce
Equipment
Waste
Life

Optimization Increase Sustainability

Productivity

Predictable Service
Reduce Increase
Downtime Efficiency

26
 Thank you!

Questions?
Mike Fahrion
mfahrion@bb-elec.com