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Ministry of Defence

Defence Standard 80-97


Issue 5 Publication Date 06 April 2012

Paint, System,
for the Interior of Bulk Fuel Tanks
and Fittings, Multi-Pack
DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Contents

Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................iii
0 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................iv
1 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................1
2 Warning.................................................................................................................................................1
3 Normative References .........................................................................................................................1
4 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................2
5 Description ...........................................................................................................................................2
6 Information to be Supplied by the Purchaser ...................................................................................3
7 Supply ...................................................................................................................................................3
8 Keeping Qualities.................................................................................................................................3
9 Quality Assurance ...............................................................................................................................3
10 Product Conformity Certification (PCC) ............................................................................................3
11 Containers and Marking of Containers..............................................................................................3
12 Composition .........................................................................................................................................4
13 Testing ..................................................................................................................................................4
14 Test Requirements...............................................................................................................................4

Annex A Preparation of Test Panels...............................................................................................................6


Annex B Determination of Effect on and Resistance to Aviation Fuels .....................................................7

Tables

Table 1 — Test Requirements .........................................................................................................................4

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Foreword
AMENDMENT RECORD

Amd No. Date Text Affected Signature and Date

REVISION NOTE

This standard is raised to Issue 5 to update its content and format.

HISTORICAL RECORD

This standard supersedes the following:

Def Stan 80-97 Issue 4 dated 29 September 2006


Def Stan 80-97 Issue 3 dated 7 April 2000
Def Stan 80-97 Issue 2 dated 30 October 1984
Def Stan 80-97 Issue 1 dated 19 December 1977
DGS 5955E dated February 1977
TS10143 dated 16 January 1976
TS289 dated 24 October 1958

a) This standard provides requirements and guidance for a multi–pack paint system for the Interior of bulk
fuel tanks and fittings, for Royal Naval Ships.

b) This standard has been produced on behalf of the Ministry of Defence (MOD) by the Coating and
Coating Removal Defence Standard Working Group.

c) This standard has been agreed by the authorities concerned with its use and is intended to be used
whenever relevant in all future designs, contracts, orders etc. and whenever practicable by amendment
to those already in existence. If any difficulty arises which prevents application of the Defence Standard,
DStan shall be informed so that a remedy may be sought.

d) Please address any enquiries regarding this standard, whether in relation to an invitation to tender or to
a contract in which it is incorporated, to the responsible technical or supervising authority named in the
invitation to tender or contract.

e) Compliance with this Defence Standard shall not in itself relieve any person from any legal obligations
imposed upon them.

f) This standard has been devised solely for the use of the MOD and its contractors in the execution of
contracts for the MOD. To the extent permitted by law, the MOD hereby excludes all liability whatsoever
and howsoever arising (including, but without limitation, liability resulting from negligence) for any loss
or damage however caused when the standard is used for any other purpose.

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

0 Introduction
This Defence Standard specifies the requirements for a multi-pack, epoxy finishing paint system to provide a
protective coating on the internal surfaces and cast iron fittings of Royal Naval Ships bulk fuel tanks, which
will have no deleterious effect on fuels or fuel additives. Under normal application conditions the paint shall
be applied by airless spraying to abrasive blasted surfaces and will comprise of a multi-coat paint system to
produce a minimum total dry film thickness of 250 µm over the peaks of the blast profile. The paint colour is
available in white and various off white tints.

This Defence Standard includes a requirement for Product Conformity Certification (PCC) as detailed in
clause 10.

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Paint, System, for the Interior of Bulk Fuel Tanks and Fittings,
Multi-Pack

1 Scope
This standard specifies requirements for a multi-pack epoxy finishing paint system to provide a protective
coating on the internal surfaces and cast iron fittings of ship bulk fuel tanks which will have no deleterious
effect on fuels or fuel additives. This standard includes a requirement for Product Conformity Certification
(PCC) as detailed in Clause 10.

2 Warning
The Ministry of Defence (MOD), like its contractors, is subject to both United Kingdom and European laws
regarding Health and Safety at Work. Many Defence Standards set out processes and procedures that could
be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. Adherence to those processes and procedures
in no way absolves users from complying with legal requirements relating to Health and Safety at Work.

3 Normative References

3.1 The publications shown below are referred to in the text of this standard. Publications are grouped and
listed in alpha-numeric order.

BS EN ISO/IEC 17050 General Criteria for Supplier's Declaration of Conformity.


BS EN ISO 1513 Paints and Varnishes. Examination and Preparation of Samples for
Testing.
BS EN ISO 1514 Paints and Varnishes. Standard Panels for Testing.
BS EN ISO 1518 Paints and Varnishes. Scratch Test.
BS EN ISO 2409 Paints and Varnishes. Cross Cut Test.
BS EN ISO 2813 Paints and Varnishes. Measurement of Specular Gloss of Non
Metallic Paint Films at 20°, 60° and 85°.
BS EN ISO 3668 Paints and Varnishes. Visual Comparison of the Colour of Paints.
BS EN ISO 6270 Paints and Varnishes. Determination of Resistance to Humidity.
BS EN ISO 9117-1 Paints and Varnishes. Determination of Through-dry State and
Through Dry Time. Method of Test.
BS EN 23270 Specification for Temperatures and Humidities for Conditioning and
Testing Paint, Varnishes and their Raw Materials.
BS 1134 Assessment of Surface Texture.
BS 3900 Part E7 Methods of Test for Paints. Resistance to Impact (falling ball test)
BS 7079 Preparation of Steel Substrates before Application of Paint and
Related Products.
Def Stan 05-133 Part 1 Methods for Testing Paints, Chemicals and Associated Products.
Part 1: Paints and Allied Materials.

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Def Stan 91-87 Turbine Fuel, Aviation: Kerosene Type, Containing Fuel System Icing
Inhibitor. NATO Code F34. Joint Service Designation: AVTUR/FSII.
Environmental Protection Act Process Guidance Note PG6/23. Secretary of States Guidance for
Coating of Metal and Plastic Processes. Appendix 4: Method of
Measurement of Volatile Organic Compound Content of Coatings.
IP 323 Determination of Thermal Oxidation Stability of Gas Turbine Fuels,
JFTOT Method
IP 540 Methods of Test for Petroleum and its Products. Petroleum Products.
Gum Content of Light and Middle Distillate Fuels. Jet Evaporation
Methods

3.2 Reference in this Standard to any normative references means in any Invitation to Tender or contract
the edition and all amendments current at the date of such tender or contract unless a specific edition is
indicated. For some standards the most recent editions shall always apply due to safety and regulatory
requirements. Examples of these are Flight Order AvP 67 and Statutory Instruments (SI’s).

3.3 In consideration of clause 3.2 above, users shall be fully aware of the issue, amendment status and
application of all normative references, particularly when forming part of an Invitation to Tender or contract.
Responsibility for the correct application of standards rests with users.

3.4 DStan can advise regarding where to obtain normative referenced documents. Requests for such
information can be made to the DStan Helpdesk. Details of how to contact the helpdesk are shown on the
outside rear cover of Defence Standards.

4 Abbreviations
Amd Amendment
BS British Standard
Def Stan Defence Standard
DStan UK Defence Standardization
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
ISO International Standards Organisation
MOD Ministry of Defence
UK United Kingdom
VOC Volatile Organic Compound

5 Description

5.1 Under normal application conditions the paint applied, by airless spraying, to abrasive blasted surfaces
shall be a multi-coat paint system (usually identical coats), to give a minimum total dry film thickness of (250
± 50) µm over the peaks of the substrate profile. However some paint systems may specify a primer as part
of the total system.

5.2 The paint system is expected to provide protection and withstand normal service conditions for a period
of not less than fifteen years.

5.3 The finish is available in white and various off white tints.

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

5.4 Each coat and the complete system is capable of being forced dried at a temperature of approximately
60ºC.

6 Information to be Supplied by the Purchaser


The purchaser shall state clearly in the contract or order:

a) the colour of the paint system finish coat (white or white tint).

7 Supply
All materials that are required to be used as a system shall be obtained from the same manufacturer who
shall be responsible for ensuring that each coat applied is compatible with each other.

8 Keeping Qualities
The components, when stored in their original sealed containers at a temperature between 0°C and 35°C,
shall retain the properties described in this standard for a period, from the date of despatch by the
manufacturer to the customer, of not less than 12 months.

9 Quality Assurance

9.1 Each batch shall comply with the tests in Table 1.

9.2 If any sample is found not to conform to this standard, the whole batch shall be rejected.

10 Product Conformity Certification (PCC)


The contractor shall submit a declaration of conformity that their product fully complies with the requirements of
the standard in accordance with BS EN ISO/IEC 17050. In addition, the manufacturer shall obtain a Certificate
of Conformity with the requirements of Test 13 (Effects on aviation fuels (Annex B, clause B.4.5)) from a
laboratory acceptable to the responsible Technical Authority named in the contract or order.

11 Containers and Marking of Containers

11.1 Each component of the paint shall be filled into sound, clean and dry containers suitable for the
product. Trade pattern containers will be accepted unless otherwise specified in the contract.

11.2 It is the manufacturers’ responsibility to mark containers in accordance with any legal requirements.
In addition, the containers constituting a consignment shall each be legibly and durably marked with the
following details:

a) Designation of the material (as shown in the title of this standard):

b) Standard number: Def Stan 80-97/5;

c) Distinctive batch number;

d) Component name (eg base paint);

e) Colour (white or white tint);

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

f) Contract no. (if appropriate);

g) Manufacturer’s expiry date;

h) Manufacturer’s name, initials or recognized trade mark;

i) Mixing instructions;

k) VOC content: (determined in accordance with the Environmental Protection Act, Appendix 4 of PG 6/23)

12 Composition

12.1 Paint System

12.1.1 The paints that form the paint system shall consist of a pigmented, multi-pack epoxy resin prepared
for use by mixing the components in a simple ratio by volume.

12.1.2 To visually assist paint application, the colour of paint being applied shall be sufficiently different to
distinguish it from the colour of the previously applied coat (alternate white and off white tints).

12.1.3 The colour of the final finish coat shall be white or an off white tint.

12.1.4 The pigments used shall be inorganic. The paint shall not contain metallic zinc, aluminium, lead,
copper or copper alloys.

13 Testing

13.1 Test Conditions

Unless otherwise specified, all tests shall be carried out at the conditions specified in BS EN 23270.

13.2 Condition

13.2.1 When the materials in the original containers or in the laboratory sample containers are examined in
accordance with BS EN ISO 1513, they shall be free from extraneous matter and shall not show
objectionable skinning, tendency to gel or any other defects.

13.2.2 The base material and curing agent shall each be in a condition such that stirring easily produces a
smooth, uniform material which, after mixing and thinning in the proportions specified by the manufacturer
shall be suitable for application by the method recommended by the manufacturer.

13.2.3 The material thus prepared shall be used for the preparation of test panels (Annex A).

14 Test Requirements
A sample taken from any portion of the supply shall comply with the requirements of Table 1.

Table 1 — Test Requirements

Test Property System/Substrate Requirement Method of Test

1 Pot life - Viscosity increase ≤ a Def Stan 05-133 Part 1,


factor of 2 for both finish and Clause 6.1
primer (if specified)

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Test Property System/Substrate Requirement Method of Test

2 Application System, burnished Smooth, opaque finish, free Visual, 24 hours after
properties steel 300 x 100 mm from runs, sags or other application of the final coat
and finish or larger defects
Visual after force drying
each coat at (60 ± 2) ºC for
one hour and allowed to
cool before application of
the next coat
3 Hard-dry Single coat, ≤ 16 h BS EN ISO 9117-1
time burnished tinplate
4 Fitness for Two single coats, No signs of incompatibility Def Stan 05-133 Part 1,
recoat burnished tinplate between the coats Clause 6.3
5 Colour (final Single coat, White or off white tint. BS EN ISO 3668 under
finish coat burnished tinplate diffuse daylight, 24 hours
only) after application
6 Resistance Single coat, tinplate No sagging at a dry film Def Stan 05-133 Part 1,
to sagging thickness of 250 µm Clause 6.11
7 Specular Single coat, 20 - 50 gloss units BS EN ISO 2813, 60°
gloss of burnished tinplate geometry gloss meter, 24
finish coat hours after application

8 Scratch System, burnished The needle shall not BS EN ISO 1518, using a
Resistance tinplate penetrate the top coat load of 1500 g, 7 days
after application of the final
coat
9 Impact System, abrasive No cracking or loss of BS 3900: Part E7, paint
Resistance blasted steel, 5 mm adhesion film upwards, 7 days after
thick application of the final coat
10 Resistance Single coat, No blistering, corrosion or BS EN ISO 6270 for a
to humidity burnished steel other signs of breakdown period of 10 days, 7 days
(primer after application
only)
11 Resistance System, abrasive No blistering, softening, Def Stan 05-133 Part 1,
to liquid blasted steel, 3 mm corrosion or other signs of Clause 8.3, 14 days after
fuel/water thick breakdown application of the final coat
12 Resistance System, abrasive No blistering, corrosion or Def Stan 05-133 Part 1,
to blasted steel, 3 mm other signs of breakdown Clause 8.2, 14 days after
immersion thick application of the final coat
in artificial
sea water
13 Effects on System, abrasive No softening, blistering or Annex B, 14 days after
aviation blasted steel, other defects. application of the final coat
fuels
150 x 150 x 3 mm Classification 0
(6 panels required, Fuels to remain within
painted both sides specification limits
and edged with the
Existent gum content shall
material under test)
not increase by more than
3mg/100ml

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Annex A
Preparation of Test Panels

A.1 For the purposes of Tests 2 to 8 and 10 of Table 1, use test panels complying with and prepared in
accordance with the relevant requirements of BS EN ISO 1514.

A.2 For the purposes of Tests 9 and 11 to 13 inclusive of Table 1 use steel panels complying with BS
EN ISO 1513 and abrasive blasted in accordance with BS 7079: Part A1, Sa 2½ to give a surface profile of
(40 ± 10) µm expressed as Rz or Rtm (Rz ≡ Rtm) as defined in BS 1134 Parts 1 and 2. The abrasive grit shall
comply with BS 7079: Part E3 or E4.

A.3 For the purposes of Tests 3, 5 to 7 and 10, apply one coat of paint representative of the finish coat
of the paint system at a minimum dft (dry film thickness) of (100 ± 25) µm.

A.4 For the purposes of Test 4, apply one coat of paint representative of the finish coat of the paint
system at a minimum dft of (100 ± 25) µm. After 24 hours, apply a second coat of the finish at a minimum dft
of (100 ± 25) µm.

A.5 For the purposes of Tests 2, 8, and 11 to 13, apply the total paint system at a minimum dft of
(250 ± 50) µm.

A.6 Apply the paint by spraying to the specified type of panel and minimum dft and allow drying in a
vertical attitude with free access of air for the specified time at the conditions specified in BS EN 23270.

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DEF STAN 80-97 Issue 5

Annex B
Determination of Effect on and Resistance to Aviation Fuels

B.1 Test Panels

Use abrasive blasted mild steel panels approximately 150 x 150 mm. Paint the panels on both faces and all
edges of the system under test.

B.2 Test Fuels

B.2.1 Def Stan 91-87 AVTUR/FSII. Turbine fuel, aviation, kerosene type containing fuel system icing
inhibitor, FSII.

B.2.2 70/30 v/v mixture of 2,2,4 – trimethylpentane, IP reference fuel quality and toluene. The toluene shall
be of not less than 99% purity.

B.3 Apparatus

Glass containers of approximately 22 litres capacity with facility for sealing the tops to prevent loss of volatiles
from the fuels. A separate container is required for each fuel and each panel under test.

B.4 Procedure

B.4.1 Set aside 2.5 litres of each batch of fuel for reference.

B.4.2 Fourteen days after application of the final coat of paint, completely immerse the test panel in 20 litres
of the specified fuel. Use a separate container for each panel with each fuel. Secure the lid to the container
and maintain it and its contents at a temperature of (23 ± 2)ºC for a period of 35 days.

B.4.3 On completion of the immersion period, remove the panel and allow it to stand vertically with free
access of air at the conditions specified in BS EN 23270. Transfer the fuel to a suitable container.

B.4.4 Examine the paint system 24 hours after removal from the fuel and report any visible defects. Test
the paint system in accordance with BS EN ISO 2409 using a manually applied tool with six 30º cutting edges
to make 6 cuts 3 mm apart.

B.4.5 Examine the fuels as follows:

B.4.5.1 Def Stan 91-87 AVTUR/FSII (B.2.1)

Determine:

a) existent gum in accordance with IP 540;


b) thermal stability JFTOT in accordance with IP 323.

B.4.5.2 70/30 2,2,4 – trimethylpentane/toluene (B.2.2)

Determine:

a) existent gum in accordance with IP 540. Both reagents shall be of not less than 99% purity

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©Crown Copyright 2012

Copying Only as Agreed with DStan

Defence Standards are published by and obtainable from:

Defence Equipment and Support

UK Defence Standardization

Kentigern House

65 Brown Street

GLASGOW

G2 8EX

DStan Helpdesk

Tel: +44 (0) 141 224 2531/2

Fax: +44 (0) 141 224 2503

Internet e-mail: enquiries@dstan.mod.uk

File Reference
The DStan file reference relating to work on this standard is D/DStan/80/97

Contract Requirements
When Defence Standards are incorporated into contracts users are responsible for their correct
application and for complying with contractual and statutory requirements. Compliance with a Defence
Standard does not in itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Revision of Defence Standards


Defence Standards are revised as necessary by an up issue or amendment. It is important that users
of Defence Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest issue or amendment.
Information on all Defence Standards can be found on the DStan Website www.dstan.mod.uk,
updated weekly and supplemented regularly by Standards in Defence News (SID News). Any person
who, when making use of a Defence Standard encounters an inaccuracy or ambiguity is requested to
notify UK Defence Standardization (DStan) without delay in order that the matter may be investigated
and appropriate action taken. Sponsors and authors shall refer to Def Stan 00-00 part 2 before
proceeding with any standards work.

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