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Chapter 1

>misconceptions about revolution


-bloodshed but actually gradual fundamental change to social relations
-Socialists aim to overthrow capitalist system for the liberation of working class
-do so through seizing state power
-dont believe revisionists of Marx and Engels in the Communist Manifesto
-capturing state power to transition tosocialism can only be done when capitlist methods of
prodution are highly devloped with the ff condtions: working class grown to great poprotions,
conscious of class intersts and its reltions to state and society
-proletariat has a role in the socialist movememnt
-marx and engeles wrongly assumed a proletarian revoukton after a bougeiois revlution and
overestimated oppositional ower of the capitlist class
-ref to failure of paris commune
-engels wrongly assumed a middle class revolution but failed because bismarckian regime
collapsed thus the only revolution is that of the proletriat made up of a body large enough to
carry the mass of the nation
-when proletariat comes to power crisis should have bankfuprty of all capitliast parties and the
only government to deal with it is the proletarioan one
-Some socialist against revolution or change in natur eof governmental power becaus for
them trade unions, labor legislations cooperations are engouh to drive away cpailist class
and some want cooperation with bourgois and from a colation government
-by doing this dinidiscount yung important arguemsnts ni marx and engels because it
means woe to struggling workers and cant assume that exploite class will allow these to
happen and not resist because revolution is the on ly way
-cantfrom an alliance with capistlists to form government because of class antagonisms and
captsts being in control of rpoletaria and proletariat will demand own power using state
therefore their government will fail
-alliance with cailist class will put them blame on them too for oppresin oftheir own class
-only through proletarial poligicla domianition or dicatorhsip of the prletarit an workign
class exercise power
-revolutions may still come despite what "socialists' claim
keywords: alliance revolution state power

Chapter 2
>calim marxians love to prhesy to discredit revoulitons
>thought revolutions are dead but were proved wrong because of revoukton in 1848
>center of gravity of the movement did move from france ot germnay
>prophesies its crisis
>"even with they were mistaken there was always a very accurate and improtant kernel of truth
in the midst of error"
>accused of prophesying about revolutions
>Naturally every expectation cannot be fulfilled. Anyone who pretends to be an
infallible prophet, or who demands infallible prophecies of others, presupposes
supernatural powers in men.
In such cases the form of the revolution can be determined in advance. But it is
impossible to form any picture of the revolution which I can foretell as a result of the
increased sharpening of class antagonisms. I can state with certainty that a revolution
brought on by war will take place during the war or immediately after it. On the other
hand, when I speak of a revolution as the result of increased sharpening of class
antagonisms, this tells us absolutely nothing as to the time it will appear.

On the other hand, the preliminary conditions to a revolution in the first case – that
of war – are something which may or may not appear. No one can possibly say anything
definite on this point. The sharpening of class antagonism, on the contrary, arises
inevitably out of the laws of the capitalist method of production. While a revolution as the result
of war is only one of many possibilities, as the result of class antagonisms, it
is inevitable.

Nothing is more foolish than the idea that distant ideals have no practical
significance in present politics that immediate interests always rule, or

Chapter 3
>Reformers want reconciliation of classes but what a socialist wants is the abolition of
classes but if revolution no longer worksfor him he will have to rely on the disappearne of
classes through economic progress
--theory of gradual growth into the socialst society

economic progrss
--concentration of catiptal and evolution within working class
--more working class members then they create cooperatives to abolish middle men and establish
prdouctio for thier own use
--organzie unions that restrict absolute power of employers and exercise and influence in the
productive process
-elect members to the reprsentative bodies in the miioicalites and states who seek to secure
reforms

problem with gradual growh to socialism


-what appears to the reformers as a peacable growth into socialism is only the growth in power
of two antagonistic lasses, standing in irreconcilable enmity to each other.
"So it is that this gradual growth into socialism is really a gradual growth into great
struggles that shatter the very base of the state that is growing ever more violent and that
can end only with the overthrow and expropriation of the captislt class
--growth in socialsim is only another expression for the steady shapening of class
antagonisms and more class struggles
-He concludes that the concentration of capital and the formation of
Employers’ Associations have surprised us Marxians,

Chapter 4
>reformists misunderstood difference between will to live and free will
>what marx talks about is THE WILL TO LIVE which lies at the basis of all economics
>technical evolution, more will to live becomes the will to live better
>will to live take on different forms depending on class
>bending of well onf one man by another
>CLASS ANTOGONISMS ARE ANTAGONISMS OF VOLITIONS
>will to live must be awakened in working class
>increase strength of proletariat
>working class will eventually rrecognize the soicla process and strenghth will encrease and they
will form organizations for social evolution

Chapter 5
Revisionists-revolution out of fanaticism
Socialists-rovution necessary for social tranfomation by means of conquering politcal
power by fgithing proletariat
compared it to anarchists who fight just for the sake of fighting; or enraging the cpaitlists;
promotes violence
"the interst of the proletarit today more than ever before demans that everyitng should be
avoided tat would tend to provoke the ruling class to a purposelss policy of vilence. socilast party
governs itself in accord with his positon
brutalized form of battle vs civilized forms of struggle
"The present situation brings the danger that we will appear more “moderate” than we
really are. The stronger we become the more practical tasks are forced into the
foreground, the more we must extend our agitation beyond the circle of the industrial
wage worker, and just so much the more we are compelled to guard against any useless
provocation or any absolutely empty threats. It is very difficult to maintain the proper
balance, to give the present its full due without losing sight of the future, to enter into the mental
attitude of the farmers and the small capitalists without giving up the
proletarian standpoint, to avoid all possible provocation and yet always maintain the
consciousness that we are a fighting party, conducting an irreconcilable war upon all
existing social institutions.
"They lost faith in the party. Not a small section of them fell under the
influence of the latest variety of anarchism – syndicalism – which, like the old
anarchism, follows the propaganda of the deed not so much to strengthen the
proletariat as unnecessarily to frighten the bourgeoisie, to arouse its rage and provoke
immature, inopportune tests of strength, to which the proletariat is not adequate in the
existing conditions."

>Reformers want reconciliation of classes but what a socialist wants is the abolition of classes
but if revolution no longer worksfor him he will have to rely on the disappearne of classes
through economic progress
--theory of gradual growth into the socialst society

economic progrss
--concentration of catiptal and evolution within working class
--more working class members then they create cooperatives to abolish middle men and establish
prdouctio for thier own use
--organzie unions that restrict absolute power of employers and exercise and influence in the
productive process
-elect members to the reprsentative bodies in the miioicalites and states who seek to secure
reforms

problem with gradual growh to socialism


-what appears to the reformers as a peacable growth into socialism is only the growth in power
of two antagonistic lasses, standing in irreconcilable enmity to each other.
"So it is that this gradual growth into socialism is really a gradual growth into great struggles that
shatter the very base of the state that is growing ever more violent and that can end only with the
overthrow and expropriation of the captislt class
--growth in socialsim is only another expression for the steady shapening of class antagonisms
and more class struggles
-He concludes that the concentration of capital and the formation of
Employers’ Associations have surprised us Marxians,

Chapter 4
>reformists misunderstood difference between will to live and free will
>what marx talks about is THE WILL TO LIVE which lies at the basis of all economics
>technical evolution, more will to live becomes the will to live better
>will to live take on different forms depending on class
>bending of well onf one man by another
>CLASS ANTOGONISMS ARE ANTAGONISMS OF VOLITIONS
>will to live must be awakened in working class
>increase strength of proletariat
>working class will eventually rrecognize the soicla process and strenghth will encrease and they
will form organizations for social evolution

Chapter 5
Revisionists-revolution out of fanaticism
Socialists-rovution necessary for social tranfomation by means of conquering politcal power by
fgithing proletariat
compared it to anarchists who fight just for the sake of fighting; or enraging the cpaitlists;
promotes violence
"the interst of the proletarit today more than ever before demans that everyitng should be
avoided tat would tend to provoke the ruling class to a purposelss policy of vilence. socilast party
governs itself in accord with his positon
brutalized form of battle vs civilized forms of struggle
"The present situation brings the danger that we will appear more “moderate” than we
really are. The stronger we become the more practical tasks are forced into the
foreground, the more we must extend our agitation beyond the circle of the industrial
wage worker, and just so much the more we are compelled to guard against any useless
provocation or any absolutely empty threats. It is very difficult to maintain the proper
balance, to give the present its full due without losing sight of the future, to enter into the mental
attitude of the farmers and the small capitalists without giving up the
proletarian standpoint, to avoid all possible provocation and yet always maintain the
consciousness that we are a fighting party, conducting an irreconcilable war upon all
existing social institutions.
"They lost faith in the party. Not a small section of them fell under the
influence of the latest variety of anarchism – syndicalism – which, like the old
anarchism, follows the propaganda of the deed not so much to strengthen the
proletariat as unnecessarily to frighten the bourgeoisie, to arouse its rage and provoke
immature, inopportune tests of strength, to which the proletariat is not adequate in the
existing conditions."

Chapter 6
>conditions for the transfer of political power that shall destroy a tyrannical regime
>When such a situation has arisen, when a stage has been reached where internal conflicts
threaten a collapse, and if there is within such a nation a class that is interested in attaining, and
has the power to take political power, then the only thing that is needed is a party that possesses
the confidence of this class, and which stands in irreconcilable antagonism to the tottering
regime, and which clearly recognizes the existing situation, in order to lead the aspiring class to
victory.

Chapter 7
The unions, and along with them the co-operatives, appeared to have the mission, without any
political disturbance, simply by utilizing the existing legal foundations, of continually raising
the working class, of narrowing the field of capital, and of substituting the “constitutional
factory” for capitalist absolutism, and through these transitional stages to gradually, without any
sudden break or catastrophe, attain to “industrial democracy.”

Chapter 8
It must not be forgotten that our “positive” and “reformatory” work not only strengthens the
proletariat, but also arouses our opponents to more energetic resistance to us. The more the
battle for social reforms becomes a political battle the more do the employers’ associations seek
to sharpen the antagonism of parliaments and governments toward the laborers, and to cripple
their political powers.

Instead of reoncilation of classes, dapat istrenghten ang working class so they can work towards
the abolition of classes

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