DESIGN OF STRUCTURE

Construction of G.P Office at Atkuru

 SUPPORT REACTIONS

JOINT LOAD FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM-Z

CASE

1 1 18.4 270.96 14.16 6.9 -0.04 -7.76

2 -0.89 31.17 -0.43 -0.23 0 0.12
3 26.27 453.19 20.6 10 -0.06 -11.46
2 1 -8.29 398.3 13.88 5.54 -0.02 4.57
2 0.36 56.82 -1.68 -0.82 -0.01 -0.22
3 -11.89 682.68 18.3 7.07 -0.05 6.53
3 1 -2.79 326.32 13.96 6.86 0 1.55
2 -0.02 36.82 -0.48 -0.08 -0.01 0.02
3 -4.21 544.72 20.22 10.16 -0.01 2.35
4 1 2.53 326.55 14.03 6.93 -0.02 -1.3
2 -0.03 36.84 -0.47 -0.07 0 0.03
3 3.76 545.08 20.34 10.29 -0.02 -1.9
5 1 8.02 396.96 14.43 6.28 0 -4.25
2 -0.41 56.34 -1.2 -0.37 0.01 0.28
3 11.42 679.95 19.84 8.86 0.01 -5.97
6 1 -18.57 271.7 14.22 6.99 0.04 8.52
2 0.85 31.27 -0.42 -0.23 0 0.03
3 -26.58 454.46 20.7 10.14 0.06 12.82
7 1 17.6 353.09 -10.65 -6.18 -0.09 -7.17
2 -1.35 50.55 0.24 0.11 0.02 0.11
3 24.38 605.47 -15.6 -9.11 -0.1 -10.59
8 1 -8.33 438.35 -14.68 -8.1 -0.02 4.68
2 0.57 84.28 1.67 0.52 -0.02 -0.36
3 -11.63 783.94 -19.52 -11.36 -0.05 6.49
9 1 -2.79 356.27 -12.16 -6.66 -0.02 1.63
2 -0.01 53.31 0.86 0.58 0 0
3 -4.2 614.38 -16.96 -9.11 -0.03 2.44
10 1 2.27 359.2 -11.98 -6.52 -0.02 -1.08
2 -0.01 53.59 0.87 0.59 0.01 0.02
3 3.39 619.17 -16.67 -8.9 -0.02 -1.58
11 1 7.18 478.84 -11.24 -5.88 -0.03 -3.66
2 -0.6 86.54 1.31 0.61 0.01 0.39
3 9.88 848.07 -14.9 -7.9 -0.03 -4.91
12 1 -17.92 352.21 -10.66 -6.12 -0.11 8.94
2 1.35 50.41 0.23 0.1 0 -0.02
3 -24.85 603.93 -15.64 -9.04 -0.16 13.38
13 1 23.33 275.82 3.71 1.53 -0.05 -8.71
2 -1.47 40.67 -0.19 -0.13 0.01 0.01
3 32.78 474.73 5.27 2.1 -0.06 -13.05
14 1 -17.82 278.35 6.99 3.53 0.04 9.8
2 0.69 53.88 -0.29 -0.21 -0.01 -0.43
3 -25.7 498.35 10.04 4.99 0.04 14.06
15 1 -0.09 114.51 -0.36 -0.39 -0.02 0.37
2 -0.1 22.56 -0.11 0.05 -0.01 0.03
3 -0.28 205.61 -0.71 -0.52 -0.05 0.6
16 1 0.53 132.54 -0.39 -0.37 -0.03 0.05
 2 0.15 25.64 -0.09 0.06 0.01 -0.07
3 1.01 237.28 -0.71 -0.47 -0.03 -0.04
17 1 -1.16 264.42 3.31 1.7 -0.02 0.96
2 -0.52 48.98 -0.19 -0.12 0 0.32
3 -2.52 470.09 4.67 2.38 -0.02 1.91
18 1 -1.62 220.05 3.68 1.57 -0.02 2.53
2 1.38 37.45 -0.19 -0.13 0 -0.12
3 -0.37 386.26 5.22 2.16 -0.03 3.61
19 1 26.17 251.55 -7.9 -4.6 0 -12.25
2 -0.4 26.27 0.18 0.06 -0.01 -0.64
3 38.65 416.74 -11.58 -6.81 -0.02 -19.34
20 1 -22.2 235.63 -7.7 -4.21 0.01 11.63
2 1.2 24.89 0.07 -0.02 0.01 -0.77
3 -31.49 390.79 -11.44 -6.34 0.03 16.28
21 1 17.48 217.79 -6.9 -3.67 0.05 -8.95
2 -0.99 22.38 0.14 0.06 -0.01 0.67
3 24.74 360.26 -10.13 -5.41 0.05 -12.41
22 1 -21.95 237.31 -7.74 -4.46 0.15 11.31
2 0.25 24.11 0.18 0.06 0 0.69
3 -32.55 392.13 -11.34 -6.6 0.23 18
 DESIGN OF PILE CAPS----PC1(11,8)

I) Design Parametres:-

Concrete mix : M25

Steel : Fe500
Cover to Reinforcement : 50mm
Unit weight of RCC = 25.0KN/cum
Unit weight of Brick masonry = 19.0KN/cum
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete = 25.00N/sqmm
Yield strength of steel = 500N/sqmm
Bredth of column = b = 0.23m
Depth of column = a = 0.450m
Dia of pile = 0.375m
Factored load on column = P = 848.07KN

II) Proportioning of pile cap:-

Factored load on the pile cap =

Add for self weight of pile cap =

Total load = Pu =

As per Table 1 of IS:2911(Part III)-1980,safe load carrying capacity 375mm dia DUR piles in medium compact
sandy soils or clayey soils of medium consistency for 3.75m depth = 360.00KN

For decrease in length of 0.25m,the deduction in bearing capacity will be = 1.17KN

Hence,the net bearing capacity for 3.50m depth will be = 358.83

As per clause 5.2.7.2 of IS:2911(Part III)-1980,the minimum spacing between the centre to centre of bored DUR
piles should not be less than 1.5Du.

Assuming water table in the pile bulb,the safe load carrying capacity is to be reduced by 25% as per the
clause B-1.6 of IS 2911(Part III)-1980.

Hence,the load carrying capacity of the individual pile =

Providing THREE piles,the load carrying capacity of the pile cap will be

Further as per clause 5.2.8.1,the load carrying capacity of each individual pile should be reduced by 10% due to
group action.

Hence,ultimate load carrying capacity of the pile cap =

As per the above criteria,the proposed pile cap is as shown below:-

Y
 Y

0.70

375mm Ø DUR

X X

2.09

As such,the dimensions of the pile cap of as given below:-

The length of pile cap proposed =

The width of pile cap proposed =
Distance between c/c of piles = L =
Depth of pile cap assumed = D =
Effective depth = d =
Shear span av =

III) Depth of pile cap:-

a)For bending action about Y--Y direction:-

The ultimate bending moment on the pile cap = M u = (Pu/3)x0.71 =

Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.133 fckbd2

The effective depth of footing required = d = [Mu/(0.133fckb)]0.5

186.45mm

Over all depth required assuming 16mm dia bars = = 244.45mm

However assume 700mm overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

The actual depth of neutral axis =

Area of steel required =

 No.of 16mm dia bars required =

Hence No.of 16mm dia bars to be provided within pile diametre =

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

b)For bending action about X--X direction:-

The ultimate bending moment on the pile cap = M u = 2*(Pu/3)x0.41 =

The ultimate bending moment on the pile cap = M u = (Pu/3)x0.71 =

Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.133 fckbd2

The effective depth of footing required = d = [Mu/(0.133fckb)]0.5

186.45mm

Over all depth required assuming 16mm dia bars = = 194.45mm

However assume 700mm overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

The actual depth of neutral axis =

Area of steel required =

No.of 16mm dia bars required =

Hence No.of 16mm dia bars to be provided within pile diametre =

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

c)Check for shear:-

The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column

Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd = 621.92KN

Nominal shear stress Tv = 0.464N/sqmm <3.1 N/sqmm

(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided = 0.147%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from

Table 19 of IS 456 is 0.288 N/sqmm

As per clause 40.5.1 of IS 456:2000,the shear strength can be increased by 2d/a v times for the sections located
at a distance closer than 2d from concentrated load or face of support,where a v is the shear span

2d/av = 1.81

Hence,increased shear strength = 0.521 N/sqmm Hence Vuc = 639.20KN

0.521 >0.464

Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.

c) Check for Truss action:-

The shear span to depth ratio = av/d = 1.11 >0.60

Though,the truss action is not pre-dominant,the tensile reinforcement should be checked for horizontal tensile fo
resulting from truss action,because av/d ratio is not more than 2.

H = Pu/24Ld[3L2-b2] = 208.00KN

Area of steel required to resist the above above tensile force A st =

The tensile reinforcement provided is more than the above value.Hence O.K

d) Bursting steel:-

Generally 0.2 times tensile steel will be provided as bursting steel.

Hence,the bursting steel required = 361.73sqmm

Adopting 12mm rings,No.of rings required = 3.2

However,provide 4 Nos of 12mm dia rings as bursting steel.

PC1(11,8)

848.07KN

84.81KN

932.88KN

mm dia DUR piles in medium compact

ween the centre to centre of bored DUR

o be reduced by 25% as per the

269.12KN

807.37KN

al pile should be reduced by 10% due to

726.63KN

1089.95KN > Total load

Hence O.K
2.090m
1.910m
1.410m
0.700m
0.640m
0.710m

220.78KN-m

642.00mm

20.27mm

801.19sqmm
 3.99Nos

9Nos

1808.64sqmm

0.147

254.99KN-m

220.78KN-m

642.00mm

20.27mm

801.19sqmm

3.99Nos

9Nos

1808.64sqmm

0.147

of the column

d by 2d/a v times for the sections located

he shear span

hould be checked for horizontal tensile force ' H '

478.16sqmm

e value.Hence O.K
 DESIGN OF PILE CAPS----PC2(2,3,4,5,7,9,10,12,13,14,17)

I) Design Parametres:-

Concrete mix : M25

Steel : Fe500
Cover to Reinforcement : 50mm
Unit weight of RCC = 25.0KN/cum
Unit weight of Brick masonry = 19.0KN/cum
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete = 25.00N/sqmm
Yield strength of steel = 500N/sqmm
Bredth of column = 0.23m
Depth of column = a = 0.30m
Dia of pile = 0.375m
Factored load on column = P = 679.95KN

II) Proportioning of pile cap:-

Factored load on the pile cap =

Add for self weight of pile cap =
Total load = Pu =

As per Table 1 of IS:2911(Part III)-1980,safe load carrying capacity 375mm dia DUR piles in medium compact
sandy soils or clayey soils of medium consistency for 3.75m depth is = 360.00KN

For decrease in length of 0.25m,the deduction in bearing capacity will be = 1.17KN

Hence,the net bearing capacity for 3.50m depth will be = 358.83

As per clause 5.2.7.2 of IS:2911(Part III)-1980,the minimum spacing between the centre to centre of bored DU
piles should not be less than 1.5Du.

Assuming water table in the pile bulb,the safe load carrying capacity is to be reduced by 20% as per the
clause B-1.6 of IS 2911(Part III)-1980.

Providing two piles,the load carrying capacity of the pile cap will be

Reducing 10% per each pile due to group action,the net safe load carrying
capacity

Hence,ultimate load carrying capacity of the pile cap =

As per the above criteria,the proposed pile cap is as shown below:-

375Ø DUR Piles

2.09
 375Ø DUR Piles

2.09

0 .7 0
1.41

As such,the dimensions of the pile cap of as given below:-

The length of pile cap proposed =

The width of pile cap proposed =
Distance between c/c of piles = L =
Shear span av =

III) Depth of pile cap:-

a)For bending action:-

The ultimate bending moment on the pile cap = M u = (Pu/2)x[L/2-a/4] =

Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.133 fckbd2

The effective depth of footing required = d = [Mu/(0.133fckb)]0.5

293.06mm

Over all depth required assuming 16mm dia bars = = 353.06mm

However assume 750mm overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

The actual depth of neutral axis =

Area of steel required =

No.of 16mm dia bars required =

Hence No.of 16mm dia bars to be provided within pile diametre =

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

b)Check for shear:-

The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column

Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd = 339.98KN

Nominal shear stress Tv = 0.657N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm

(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided = 0.194%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from

Table 19 of IS 456 is 0.339 N/sqmm

As per clause 40.5.1 of IS 456:2000,the shear strength can be increased by 2d/a v times for the sections locate
at a distance closer than 2d from concentrated load or face of support,where a v is the shear span

2d/av = 1.94

Hence,increased shear strength = 0.658 N/sqmm Hence Vuc = 340.34KN

0.658 >0.657

Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.

c) Check for Truss action:-

The shear span to depth ratio = av/d = 1.03 >0.60

Though,the truss action is not pre-dominant,the tensile reinforcement should be checked for horizontal tensile
resulting from truss action,because av/d ratio is not more than 2.

Hd=(Pu/2)[L/2-a/4]

H = Pu/8d[2L-a] = 341.45KN

Area of steel required to resist the above above tensile force A st =

The tensile reinforcement provided is more than the above value.Hence O.K

d) Bursting steel:-

Generally 0.2 times tensile steel will be provided as bursting steel.

 Hence,the bursting steel required = 200.96sqmm

Adopting 12mm rings,No.of rings required = 1.78

However,provide 4 Nos of 12mm dia rings as bursting steel.

13,14,17)

679.95KN
68.00KN
747.95KN

DUR piles in medium compact

centre to centre of bored DUR

uced by 20% as per the

574.13KN

516.72KN

775.07KN > Total load

Hence O.K

Ø DUR Piles
Ø DUR Piles

2.09m
0.75m
1.41m
0.710m

214.18KN-m

690.00mm

47.35mm

734.75sqmm

3.66Nos

5Nos

1004.80sqmm

0.194
v
times for the sections located

checked for horizontal tensile force ' H '

784.94sqmm

.Hence O.K
 DESIGN OF PILE CAPS----PC3(1,6,18,19,20,21,22)

I) Design Parametres:-

Concrete mix : M25

Steel : Fe500
Cover to Reinforcement : 50mm
Unit weight of RCC = 25.0KN/cum
Unit weight of Brick masonry = 19.0KN/cum
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete = 25.00N/sqmm
Yield strength of steel = 500N/sqmm
Bredth of column = 0.23m
Depth of column = a = 0.45m
Dia of pile = 0.300m
Factored load on column = P = 454.46KN

II) Proportioning of pile cap:-

Factored load on the pile cap =

Add for self weight of pile cap =
Total load = Pu =

As per Table 1 of IS:2911(Part III)-1980,safe load carrying capacity 300mm dia DUR piles in medium compact
sandy soils or clayey soils of medium consistency for 3.5m depth is = 240.00KN

Load carrying capacity for 3.75m depth = 250.50KN

As per clause 5.2.7.2 of IS:2911(Part III)-1980,the minimum spacing between the centre to centre of bored DU
piles should not be less than 1.5Du.

Assuming water table in the pile bulb,the safe load carrying capacity is to be reduced by 25% as per the
clause B-1.6 of IS 2911(Part III)-1980.

Providing two piles,the load carrying capacity of the pile cap will be

Reducing 10% per each pile due to group action,the net safe load carrying
capacity

Hence,ultimate load carrying capacity of the pile cap =

As per the above criteria,the proposed pile cap is as shown below:-

300Ø DUR Piles

1.73
0
 300Ø DUR Piles

1.73

0.60
1.13

As such,the dimensions of the pile cap of as given below:-

The length of pile cap proposed =

The width of pile cap proposed =
Distance between c/c of piles = L =
Shear span av =

III) Depth of pile cap:-

a)For bending action:-

The ultimate bending moment on the pile cap = M u = (Pu/2)x[L/2-a/4] =

Adopting Limit state method of design Mu = 0.133 fckbd2

The effective depth of footing required = d = [Mu/(0.133fckb)]0.5

218.12mm

Over all depth required assuming 16mm dia bars = = 278.12mm

However assume 650mm overall depth,then the effective depth comes to

The actual depth of neutral axis =

Area of steel required =

No.of 16mm dia bars required =

Hence No.of 16mm dia bars to be provided within pile diametre =

Then the area of reinforcement provided =

Percentage of reinforcement provided =

b)Check for shear:-

 The critical section of one way shear is at a distance of 'd' from the face of the column

Hence,the factored design shear force V Fd = 227.23KN

Nominal shear stress Tv = 0.647N/sqmm <2.8 N/sqmm

(As per Table 20 of 1S 456)

Hence,the section is safe from shear point of view

The percentage area of the tensile reinforcement provided = 0.229%

The design shear strength of concrete for the above steel percentage from

Table 19 of IS 456 is 0.358 N/sqmm

As per clause 40.5.1 of IS 456:2000,the shear strength can be increased by 2d/a v times for the sections locate
at a distance closer than 2d from concentrated load or face of support,where a v is the shear span

2d/av = 1.93

Hence,increased shear strength = 0.691 N/sqmm Hence Vuc = 242.52KN

0.691 >0.647

Hence,no shear reinforcement is required.

c) Check for Truss action:-

The shear span to depth ratio = av/d = 1.04 >0.60

Though,the truss action is not pre-dominant,the tensile reinforcement should be checked for horizontal tensile
resulting from truss action,because av/d ratio is not more than 2.

Hd=(Pu/2)[L/2-a/4]

H = Pu/8d[2L-a] = 209.45KN

Area of steel required to resist the above above tensile force A st =

The tensile reinforcement provided is more than the above value.Hence O.K

d) Bursting steel:-

Generally 0.2 times tensile steel will be provided as bursting steel.

Hence,the bursting steel required = 160.77sqmm

Adopting 12mm rings,No.of rings required = 1.42

However,provide 4 Nos of 12mm dia rings as bursting steel.

1,22)

454.46KN
45.45KN
499.91KN

DUR piles in medium compact

centre to centre of bored DUR

uced by 25% as per the

375.75KN

338.18KN

507.26KN > Total load

Hence O.K

DUR Piles
DUR Piles

1.73m
0.65m
1.13m
0.560m

102.82KN-m

540.00mm

33.42mm

449.40sqmm

2.24Nos

4Nos

803.84sqmm

0.229
v
times for the sections located

checked for horizontal tensile force ' H '

481.49sqmm

.Hence O.K
#DIV/0!
 DESIGN OF PILES

Design Parametres:-

Concrete mix : M25

Steel : Fe500
Cover to Reinforcement : 40mm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete = 25N/sqmm
Yield strength of steel = 500N/sqmm

Item P5(15,16)

Max.Load 'P' in KN 237.28

Dia.of pile proposed in 'mm' 375
No.of Under Reams proposed 2
Dia.of under reamed in 'm' 1.13
Depth of the pile proposed in 'm' 3.75
Bearing capacity of the pile in KN 396.9
Main Reinforcement 5-12mm
Stirrups 8mm@300 c/c

Note:-1)The above design is as per clauses 6.3, 6.3.1, 6.6 and 8.3.2.2 of IS 2911(PartIII)-1973 duly
reducing bearing resistance by 25% for submerged condition)

2)Considering the moment to be resisted,in addition to the axial load,pile caps of

size 0.91x0.91x0.30m size are proposed
 DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB:-
Design Parametres:-
Unit weight of RCC =
Concrete mix :
Steel :
Cover to Reinforcement :
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete =
Yield strength of steel =
Item Slab panel Description
S1(End Panel)--Two S2(End Panel)-- S3(End Panel)--
adjacent edges Two adjacent Two adjacent
discontinuous edges edges
discontinuous discontinuous

Length of slab panel ly in m 4.49 4.49 6.32

Width of slab panel lx in m 3.88 3.16 3.28
ly/lx 1.16 1.42 1.93
Overall depth required in mm 121 99 103
Width of slab panel considered 'b' in 1.00 1.00 1.00
'm'
Depth provided 'D' in 'm' 0.135 0.14 0.14
Dia.of bars assumed 8mm 8mm 8mm
Dead load in KN/sqm 4.375 4.500 4.500
Live load in KN/sqm 4.00 4.00 4.00
Floor finishes in KN/sqm 1.00 1.00 1.00
Total Load in KN/sqm 9.38 9.50 9.50
Short span(-) moment coefficient at 0.060 0.075 0.091
continuous edge
Short span(-) moment at continuous 8.47 7.11 9.30
edge
Short span(+) moment coefficient at 0.045 0.056 0.069
mid span
Short span(+) moment at mid span 6.35 5.31 7.05
Long span(-) moment coefficient at 0.047 0.047 0.047
continuous edge
Long span(-) moment at continuous 6.63 4.46 4.80
edge
Long span(+) moment coefficient at 0.035 0.035 0.035
mid span
Long span(+) moment at mid span 4.94 3.32 3.58
Design Moment Me1(-)ve in KN-m 12.70 10.67 13.95
Effective depth for balanced section 61.76 56.61 64.73
in 'mm'
Effective depth provided 'd' in 'mm' 106 111 111
Actual depth of neutral axis 'xu' in 14.1 11.15 14.79
'mm'
Maximum depth of neutral axis 'xumax' 48.76 51.06 51.06
in 'mm'
Area of steel required Ast in 'mm2' 291.78 230.76 306.06
Main Steel provided at continuous 8mm@150mm c/c 8mm@150mm c/c 8mm@125mm
edge c/c
Area of steel provided in mm2 334.93 334.93 401.92
Design Moment Me1(+)ve in KN-m 9.53 7.97 10.58
Effective depth for balanced section 53.49 48.92 56.36
in 'mm'
Actual depth of neutral axis 'xu' in 10.42 8.23 11.05
'mm'
Maximum depth of neutral axis 'xumax' 48.76 51.06 51.06
in 'mm'
Area of steel required Ast in 'mm2' 215.5 170.34 228.64
Main Steel provided at mid span 8mm@150mm c/c 8mm@150mm c/c 8mm@125mm
c/c
Area of steel provided in mm2 334.93 334.93 401.92
Design Moment Me1(-)ve in KN-m(Long 9.95 6.69 7.21
span)
Effective depth for balanced section 54.66 44.81 46.52
in 'mm'
Actual depth of neutral axis 'xu' in 10.9 6.87 7.42
'mm'
Maximum depth of neutral axis 'xumax' 48.76 51.06 51.06
in 'mm'
Area of steel required Ast in 'mm2' 225.53 142.2 153.54
Dist. Steel provided at continuous 8mm@175mm c/c 8mm@175mm c/c 8mm@200mm
edge c/c
Area of steel provided in mm2 287.09 287.09 251.2
Dist.steel at mid span 8mm@175mm c/c 8mm@175mm c/c 8mm@200mm
c/c
 25KN/cum
M25
Fe500
25mm
25N/sqmm
500N/sqmm
scription

3.375

17.2615

13.3285
3.496
1.63875

11.799

3 16 603.4286

2 12 226.2857

5 12 565.7143

7 12 792
2 20 628.5714
1.000
16 201.1429
 DESIGN OF ONE WAY SLAB:-
Design Parametres:-
Unit weight of RCC = 25KN/cum
Concrete mix : M25
Steel : Fe500
Cover to Reinforcement : 20mm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete = 25N/sqmm
Yield strength of steel = 500N/sqmm
Item Slab panel Description
S5

Length of slab panel ly in m 5.19

Width of slab panel lx in m 2.14
ly/lx 2.43
Overall depth required in mm 82
Width of slab panel considered 'b' in 1.00
'm'
Depth provided 'D' in 'm' 0.14
Dia.of bars assumed 8mm
Dead load in KN/sqm 4.500
Live load in KN/sqm 4.00
Floor finishes in KN/sqm 1.00
Total Load in KN/sqm 9.500
Design Moment Me1(-)ve in KN-m 6.53
Effective depth for balanced section 44.27
in 'mm'
Effective depth provided 'd' in 'mm' 116
Actual depth of neutral axis 'xu' in 6.4
'mm'
Maximum depth of neutral axis 'xumax' 53.36
in 'mm'
Area of steel required Ast in 'mm2' 132.4
Main Steel provided at continuous 8mm@200m
edge m c/c
Area of steel provided in mm2 251.2
Dist. Steel provided at continuous 8mm@200m
edge m c/c
Area of steel provided in mm2 251.2
ription

10 12 1131.429
6 12 678.8571
2 20 628.5714
1 25 491.0714

2 16 402.2857

4 16 804.5714
8 12 905.1429

6 16 1206.857

15 12 1697.143