Nama : Muhammad Mirza

NIM : 1610029039

Epidemiology of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in the world in recent
years. Dengue virus is transmitted mostly by Aedes aegypti and also Aedes albopictus. Severe
dengue (also known as Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever) was first recognized in the 1950s
during dengue epidemics in the Philippines and Thailand. Today, Dengue Haemorrhagic
Fever affects most Asian and Latin American countries and has become a leading cause of
hospitalization and death among children and adults in these regions.

There are 4 distinct, but closely related, serotypes of the virus that cause dengue
(DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4). Recovery from infection by one provides lifelong
immunity against that particular serotype. However, cross-immunity to the other serotypes
after recovery is only partial and temporary. Subsequent infections by other serotypes
increase the risk of developing severe dengue.

About 2.5 billion people, or 40% of the world’s population live in areas where there is
a risk of dengue transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 50-100
million infection occur yearly, including more than 500.000 DHF cases and 22.000 deaths,
mostly among children in 2015. The Asia Pacific Region reported more than 375.000
suspected cases of DHF in 2015.

In 2015 there were 126.675 DHF patients in 34 provinces in Indonesia and 1.299 of
them died. This number were higher than the previous year, in 2014 there were 100.347
people with DHF and 907 of them died. The incidence rate of DHF by province in Indonesia
in 2015; the highest provinces were Bali with 208,7 in 100.000 population, followed by East
Kalimantan with 183,12 in 100.000 population, and north Kalimantan with 120,08 in 100.000
population.

The number of dengue fever in East Kalimantan was increase every year. In 2013,
there were 3.694 cases, increase in 2014 by 6.709 cases and increase again in 2015 to 7.305
cases with 65 deaths. Balikpapan city is the region in east Kalimantan with the highest
number of DHF cases, 2.145 cases and 25 deaths, followed by Samarinda city with 1.541
cases and 9 deaths, in third place Berau with 902 cases and number of deaths by 8 cases.
Number of Cases of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in 2015

In The World
500.000 cases

Asia Pasific
375.000 cases

Indonesia
126.675 cases

East Kalimantan
7.305 cases

Samarinda
1.541