Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2008 ԑ 5 Т 6 Р
Agilent Partnership “Together we
Explore the World”
World’s Next Generation Wireless Technologies -
Where are we in 2008
ᢅՕၫ
ᄐ೭࠰
ڜ൸ઝ ݾሽၦྒྷࠃᄐᆢ
Agenda
1-1
Mobile Subscribers by Region
Mobile Subscribers by Geographic Region
5,000
4,500
2,195
4,000
2,006
3,500 1,811
Subscribers (M)
1,602
3,000 1,379
Asia Pacific
2,500 EMEA
1,086
CALA
2,000 804
1,356
1,415 North America
1,500 1,286
1,195
1,087
954
1,000
787
391 436 481 523
500 288
343
196
183 216 245 264 281 290 299
0
CY05 CY06 CY07 CY08 CY09 CY10 CY11
Calendar Year Source: Infonetics, March 2008
1-2
What did we see and hear at Mobile World
Congress 2008
•55,000 Visitors and 1,300 Exhibitors
•Major Focus on LTE and WiMAX
•Enhancements to current products – No major breakthrough products
– Touch screens
– No Android product yet
•Handset Market remains robust
•Base station expenditures to remain flat through 2008
•Discussions on the evolving business model of Wireless
Wireless evolution:
Five competing systems in 2008
IS-95A GSM IS-136 PDC 802.11b
2G cdma TDMA
802.11a
2.5 IS-95B
cdma HSCSD GPRS iMode
G 802.11g
1-3
Mobile WiMAX and Fixed WiMAX™—Projections
WiMAX Equipment Revenues
Source: Infonetics, November 2007
$ Billions
broadband wireless access (MBWA) $5
1-4
WiMAX and LTE Market Timing
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
OFDMA
Large demands on processing power, challenging amplifier design
and Inter-
Inter-cell interference at the cell edges
MIMO
Large demands on processing power and antenna design
Multi-Format/ Multi-Frequency Band
Drives up design and product complexity
Spectral Efficiency/Latency
New demands have lead to a highly dynamic air interface which
requires much optimization and management
Integration with Legacy Systems
New systems must provide seamless connectivity and user
experience
Page 10 2008/5/2
1-5
Mobile WiMAX and LTE Measurement
Challenges
Working against standards as they are being developed - creating
and analyzing new complex signals as they evolve
Need to focus on data rates
Need to operate with legacy technologies/networks – Need to test
interoperability - And adding new technologies into each handset
Protocol development and validation
Conformance test
Functional test of all the new applications
Need to evolve the Network – moving more to the handsets and
base stations
1-6
LTE Agilent Solutions in the Design Lifecycle
ced NEW!
Software Solutions
I nt rodu
Ju st
E6620A Wireless
• ADS LTE Design Communications
Libraries Platform
• N7624B Signal Studio Agilent/Anite SAT LTE – Drive Test
Protocol Development NEW!
• 89601A VSA Software
Toolset
NEW!
VSA, PSA, ESG, Scope, Logic
MXA/MXG
R&D Coming Soon! Coming Soon!
Distributed
Network
Analyzers
Digital VSA
Agilent/Anite SAT LTE – UE Protocol
Network Analyzers, Power supplies, and More!
Conformance Development Toolset
1-7
Agilent E6620 – Powerful RF and
Protocol Performance
Powerful Scalable Platform
¾RF Measurements
¾RF and base band interfaces
¾2.7GHz Frequency Range
¾LTE BW’s and data rates
¾2 Cell capability
¾Windows-based PC Controller
¾MIMO 2x2 and 4x2
Real time network emulation ¾integrated fading
¾Script-based protocol conformance test
¾Bench top state-machine for application
test
¾End to end IP Data testing
¾Agilent bench top one box Anite SAT LTE Protocol Tester
test set and RF conformance with Development Toolset
test leveraging common built on the Agilent E6620A
Anite/Agilent protocol stack
1-8
Mobile WiMAX Portfolio
N8300A Wireless
Networking Test Set
Software Solutions – Fixed HH SA
and Mobile WiMAX with DV and FrameScope N9340A
Wave 2 Pre-RCT N2620A
Battery Drain
• ADS WiMAX Design EXA/MXG HH CAT
Libraries N9330A
• N7613/15B Signal Studio More Coming
Soon!
• 89601A VSA Software
NEW!
VSA, PSA, ESG, Scope, Logic
RCT system Distributed
(AT4 wireless) Network
MXA/MXG Mobile WiMAX MXZ-1000 Analyzers
R&D Test Set & PCT test system
E6651A Drive Test
E6474A
Coming Soon!
Digital VSA
RPT System WiMAX Protocol
Network Analyzers, Power supplies, and More! (ETS-Lindgren) Analyzer
1-9
Wireless EDGE S-DMB
EGPRS Continuing
Communications CDMA2000 HSUPA
Potential for
Market in 2008 A-GPSLTE FM Radio Growth
TDMB
RFID in Wireless Data
GPRS iR
e-mail HSDPA 802.11 WiFi
Texting
Safety alerts Games
DAB WiBro
Music Imaging
TV Banking
GSM DVB-H
Ringtones Navigation
MediaFLO Bluetooth Pinpoint advertising
WCDMA UWB
Agilent delivers products
WiMAX™ 1xEV-DO
across the entire lifecycle HSPA
Agilent
Commercial Standards Product Conformance WiMAX Service
Solutions for the Production Deployment
Development R&D Test Assurance
Radio System
1-10
What’s New for 8960-based Solutions
March 2008
Agenda
Agenda
8960 Overview
Interactive Functional Test Software (IFT) NEW
8960 Platform Update
W-CDMA/HSPA New Features
GSM/GPRS/EGPRS New Features
cdma2000/1xEV-DO New Features
Summary
New TA Features
2-1
Overview
Test Applications
GS-8000
8960/Anite Test
Systems
Protocol
Interactive Functional Conformance
Test Software
Stress Test
Lab Applications New
8960/GS8800
Digital Baseband RF Design
8960/Setcom
fading Validation/
Application
Conformance Conformance N9360/GS-8210
Service & Repair
Test Systems
MBDPresentation
Agilent Restricted
January
Page 3
Agenda
2008
Overview
Service/Repair
Real time message/data logging and analysis
Digital Baseband Fading
•Automate test routines with Wireless Test Manager Baseband Studio
Agenda
2-2
Overview
E5515C chassis
Firmware:
•Test Applications Technologies:
•Lab Applications GSM/GPRS/EGPRS
W-CDMA/HSPA
1xEV-DO/Rel A
cdma2000
IS-95
TDMA
AMPS
Hardware options:
•002 Second RF Source Related PC Software:
•003 Link subsystem •Interactive Functional Test
•004 Digital Bus (Fading) •Wireless Test Manager
•H08 Special High Data Rate HW •Wireless Protocol Advisor
•Baseband Studio
8960: What’s New
Agilent Restricted
Page 5
Agenda
Overview
Physical Layer
Cellular R&D Lifecycle
RF Test Integration
Place UE into compressed
mode to make inter-freq meas, Platform/Product Development
Measurements
Network Emulation evaluate returned values
Impairments Technology Design Integration
Ensure the
mobile
Application/OS Component works as
Integration designed
Run applications, monitor CPU
Test Validation
Stress the
Network Emulation External Test
Impairments mobile,
Stress Test find issues
Analysis Tools Operator Accept
Run multi-thread activities,
check for memory leaks, Pre-IOT
buffer overruns NEM Infra Lab
Stress
Test
Conformance Field Tests
Automation Real-World/
Test House Cert
Page 6
Agenda
2-3
Overview
Overview
Validation
8
Agenda
2-4
IFT
User Network
Experience
Applications Services: Network Behavior
SMS
MMS
IP Data
Voice
• Data GPS
applications
• Mapping
• Gaming
• Camera/video Network
RF Performance interoperability
• Enterprise
•Power level RF
• Secure
transactions •Interference performance
• Messaging
•Fading
Capacity
Field Trials
Throughput Carrier
Stability certification
Performance
Protocol
Reliability FFA validation
New tech
validation
IFT
2-5
IFT
IFT
8960 is the
test engine
2-6
IFT
IFT
Interactive Mode
– User manually sets up and executes activities through easy to use controls
– Use for troubleshooting design issues
– Setup and define test processes that can be saved in the script interface
Script development mode
– Once test process has been defined through the interactive mode, easily save
the setup as a script
– Enhance and modify the scripts to include other user defined tasks
Stress test mode
– Setup an automated test plan that runs created scripts
– Combine multiple scripts into a single test plan
– TCP/IP API interface can control test plan execution through other programs
– E-mail notification of test plan status and results
2-7
IFT
FTP
Failure
SMS
Cell
Power
IFT
Function Test Activities
•SMS (MO, MT)
•MMS(MO,MT) Remote or Local Device Automation
•ftp,http,UDP Server Interfaces Tools
•Call Processing
•Network impairments
•Current Drain
Current Drain
Monitoring
• Parallel Activity
execution
• Creates more
Realistic User
experience
2-8
IFT
IFT
2-9
IFT
• Product Page
www.agilent.com/find/N5970A
• What’s New Page
www.agilent.com/find/8960IFT
• Video Demo
http://wireless.agilent.com/vcentral/viewvideo.aspx?vid=358
Platform
Page 20
2-10
Platform
IP Routing Table
Platform
www.agilent.com/find/E6720A
2-11
Platform
IP Routing
(applies to W-CDMA/HSPA, GSM/(E)GPRS, and 1xEV-DO LAs)
Network Network
Wireless modem
8960 + router
Platform
New Fast-Switching LA
(E6785E/U)
2-12
W-CDMA/HSPA
W-CDMA/HSPA
2-13
W-CDMA/HSPA
W-CDMA/HSPA
• Provides a means of sending and receiving data between the 8960 and a
cellular device with minimum influence of external client and server PCs
on device throughput.
– No server PC is required
• Character generator resides at port 19 within 8960’s internal server.
Access it via telnet to <lan 2 address> 19
• Discard resides on port 9 within 8960’s internal server. Access via telnet.
2-14
W-CDMA/HSPA
Downlink Test
Uplink Test
W-CDMA/HSPA
CPICH_RSCP reporting (Received Signal Code Power) is a UE This is used to verify the absolute power level of the CPICH
reported measurement of signal strength. (common pilot indicator channel) as received by the UE.
Enhanced E-TFCI reporting Recorded E-TFCI values may now include Allows method to ensure UE is transmitting a constant E-TFCI
“All” or just “Good CRC” E-TFCI values value which is required before starting 34.121 measurements
(e.g. Max Pwr, ACLR, SEM).
IMEISV display Displays IMEI with Software Version if Provides additional information about UE identity (includes UE
reported by UE. serial # and software version number)
During IPDL, transmission of all network UE has opportunity to make more accurate measurements of
IPDL {Idle Periods in Down Link} channels is stopped temporarily so UE neighbor cells for applications using position location
visibility of neighbor cells improved.
Assistance Data Delivery / measurement A-GPS techniques provide UE information to help UE make
A-GPS pipe {Assisted GPS} control message sent from 8960 “pipe” GPS-based measurements. Assistance Data Delivery speeds
(external ASCII data through GPIB Æ over up measurement process or improves GPS measurement
the air via 8960) accuracy.
NITZ {Network Identity & Time Zone} Allows UE to get actual time and network Enhances UE’s roaming capability by having up-to-date
identity from the network information about network equipment.
Band XI Channels and frequencies for new UMTS1500 band for Japan
Speech loopback delay Delay may be set over full range allowed More realistic network voice call can be emulated.
in standards (0.1 to 4 seconds)
Similar to end-to-end video, a voice call
End-to-end voice connection between 2 UEs can be set up between 2 Real world UE to UE voice call may be tested.
8960s
Video call throughput results Throughput results for active video call are Provides throughput information during loopback video call
displayed
2-15
W-CDMA/HSPA
(Note: some features may require a hardware upgrade to enable in your test set)
W-CDMA/HSPA
The Annual Contract also entitles you to the following future features:
2-16
W-CDMA/HSPA
W-CDMA/HSPA
W-CDMA/HSPA Resources
2-17
GSM/(E)GPRS
GSM/GPRS/EGPRS Products
New Feature Details
GSM/(E)GPRS
2-18
GSM/(E)GPRS
• Authentication and
encryption are real network
procedures that check SIM
card validity to ensure device
is authorized to access
network
• Testing device security for
data connections is growing
in importance as number of GSM
data applications increase
GPRS
GSM/(E)GPRS
2-cell PS data handover (Release 6) New procedure for PS (packet-switched) data Configure handovers to match standards.
handovers from 2G to 2G.
NACC (network assisted cell change) Access to set of messages that enable NACC NACC reduces cell re-selection time as device
procedure exchanges info with destination cell before handover
RRLP RR_header Information that supports the message transfer Enables testing position location capability of device.
needed for 2G A-GPS pipe
SACCH Error Measurements (Slow FER (Frame Erasure Rate) measurement on
Associated Control Channel) SACCH and repeated SACCH channels
Number of neighbor cells is expanded from 16 to
BA Table Extension 32 on BCH (Broadcast Channel) and PBCCH
(Packet Broadcast Control Channel)
Settable Alpha and Gamma Allows fine-tuning of power control to support certain
conformance standards.
Packet Flow Context (PFC) Allows setting Packet Flow Identifier (PFI) to Method to group data being transferred with other data
specify individual packet flows of similar QoS
Expanded SM and GMM causes Selectable causes for GMM ( ) and SM () Realistically set up network conditions for when
messages expanded to match 3GPP standards. messages occur (Attach Accept/Reject, etc)
2-19
GSM/(E)GPRS
GSM/(E)GPRS
The Annual Contract also entitles you to the following FUTURE features:
• Evolved EDGE
• Robust Header Compression (RoHC)
• 100% UMA/GAN Conformance Coverage
• Class 34/45 Signaling and Measurements
(Note: some features may require a hardware upgrade to enable in your test set)
2-20
Overview
GSM/(E)GPRS
2-21
GSM/(E)GPRS
GSM/GPRS/EGPRS Resources
c2k/1xEV-DO
2-22
c2k/1xEV-DO
c2k/1xEV-DO
IP data test capabilities continue to grow in the 8960 by utilizing the highly
configurable MFPA feature. Functionality now also includes Enhanced
MFPA, which enables VoIP support.
MFPA operates in 1xEV-DO Release A protocol mode using the subtype 2
physical layer
Features for the Multi-Flow Packet Application were designed to meet the
IOT test specification:
– Supports 16 IP flows in each direction
– Supports 5 RLP flows in each direction
– Supports 4 RTCMAC Subtype 3 flows in the reverse link with full parameter
configurability
MFPA is completely user configurable (added over 900 new fields and functions)
Includes “Pre-Configurations” to simplify operation
2-23
c2k/1xEV-DO
c2k/1xEV-DO
2-24
c2k/1xEV-DO
c2k/1xEV-DO
The Annual Contract also entitles you to the following future features:
• 1xEV-DO Rev B
• EVRC-WB
• Enhanced Idle State Control Cycle
• Settable Rx Delay
• Band Class 7
(Note: some features may require a hardware upgrade to enable in your test set)
2-25
c2k/1xEV-DO
c2k/1xEV-DO
cdma2000/1xEV-DO Resources
2-26
Overview
Summary
53
Agenda
Overview
2-27
FM Receiver Testing with E5520A FM Adapter New
Jan 2008
E5520A FM Adapter connected to the E5515 generates a stable and accurate mono FM signal to enable FM
receiver testing over your device’s full operational range.
For details on the hardware and software requirements, typical specifications and instructions for performing
FM receiver tests, see the Application Notes: http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5989-7645EN.pdf
Contact your sales representatives for a quote.
New
New Feature Option E1962B-409 SMS Jan 2008
SMS features
SMS Functionalities (TA with opt 409 has the same SMS capabilities as LA)
(standard cdma TA does not have SMS capability)
Cell Broadcast SMS
• Mobile-Originated Support SO1, SO3, SO6, SO14, SO17 and SO32768
Point-to-Point SMS Mobile Terminated Point –to-Point SMS
Point-to-Point SMS Settable MT message alert: default, low, medium, high and none
Supported message encoding: Octet, 7-bit ASCII, IA5, UNICODE, Shift-JIS, Korean, Latin/Hebrew, Latin,
testing and GSM 7-bit defaulat alphabet
MT message optional user data: include and exclude
• SMS cell MT call back number
broadcast testing Entry of MS Terminated SMS Message in either ASCII or Hex depending on the selected Encoding
MT message repeat: 1 up to 255 repetitions
• SMS via HTTP MT message status: Status of SMS message transmission and reports cause codes
2-28
New
New E1963A, E1968A Feature Option 409: Adv. SMS Jan 2008
Point-to-Point SMS Configure predefined/custom text (ASCII) based content for MT SMS-DELIVER messages 3 3
testing Support loopback of text based MO SMS-SUBMIT messages to the sending device 3 3
Thank You
2-29
Backup Slides
March 2008
Overview
Agenda
2-30
IFT
System Components
IFT
N5970A Structure:
– N5970A Interactive Functional Test Software
– N5970A-1TP UMTS Transportable, perpetual License
CPL
– Orderable Now
– Ship end of March
Requires latest Las and the purchase of the E6720A-001,003, or 017 Annual
Contract
2-31
IFT
WTM/N5970A Positioning
Platform
2-32
8960 Problem Diagnostics
ሽᏚᕴଥᥨຝ
ՠ࿓ஃ ஊ࢘إ
3-1
Top View
Bottom View
3-2
8960 Failures Identification
z Power-up self-test : There should be no messages in the Message Log screen.
a. Appear Agilent logo only
b. Repeat booting Æ It could be caused by a corrupt / incompatible FW upgrade or
HW failure( if caused by FW upgradeÆ Change to other bootable TA and delete
corrupt one. Please make sure the new FW compatible to 8960 before upgrade )
c. Appear Non-recoverable error
One of above problems, a screen shot attached with repair is better
z RFIO Self-Test : The RFIO self-test uses the RF source, a loopback switch in the
RFIO, and power detection and measurement assemblies.
(RF IN/OUT must be OPEN)
Setup
1. Press the gray “SYSTEM CONFIG” key
2. Press the "More" key located below the F12 key
3. Press the F8 key
3-3
8960 Test Application Upgrade
9 Make sure TA compatible to 8960 HW
9 IP address setup correctly
3-4
iconfig file
z Get iconfig file from 8960 to identify HW upgrade requirement
5.0 HW
EEPROM Name: ADC BOARD
HwObj Name: MAIN ADC BOARD
P/N: E551560813 (NEW)
EEPROM Name: HOST PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: HOST PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560183 (NEW)
EEPROM Name: LSS DIGITAL BOARD
HwObj Name: LSS DIGITAL BOARD
P/N: E551560273
EEPROM Name: DSP PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: DSP PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560376
EEPROM Name: PROTOCOL PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: PROTOCOL PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560659
4.9 HW (Special HW Configuration)
EEPROM Name: LSS DIGITAL BOARD
HwObj Name: LSS DIGITAL BOARD
P/N: E551560273
4.8 HW
EEPROM Name: DSP PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: DSP PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560376
(Replaces 4.5 PROTOCOL PROCESSOR)
EEPROM Name: PROTOCOL PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: PROTOCOL PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560659
4.5 HW
EEPROM Name: DSP PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: DSP PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560176
EEPROM Name: PROTOCOL PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: PROTOCOL PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560359 or E551560559
EEPROM Name: HOST PROCESSOR
HwObj Name: HOST PROCESSOR BOARD
P/N: E551560251
3-5
Prevent Repair Tips
z Periodically check and clean the cooling vents of the instrument. Inadequate
airflow can result in excessive operating temperatures which can lead to
instrument failures.
z For E5515, airflow from right side to left side (facing front panel). Approximately
170 CFM.
Performance and reliability recommendations for operating temperature ranges are:
3-6
Connector
ऱإᒔࠌشፖჾᡏቃ Jones Lu ᗝঊ
2008/05/06
Page 1
ᓰ࿓փ୲
1.ٺጟ൷ᙰտฯ
2.إᒔऱຑ൷ Connector
3.൷ᙰჾᡏऱܒឰ֗ڂ։࣫
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
Page 2
4-1
1-1ٺጟ൷ᙰऱտฯ
Type F
APC 7
BNC
SMA
SMC 3.5 mm
2.92 mm or K
Type N
2.4 mm
Page 3
APC
APC stands for Amphenol Precision Connectors
http://www.amphenolrf.com/products/precision.asp
Page 4
4-2
1-2 Pin Depth
Page 5
Fundamentals
Page 6
4-3
Pin depth
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ऱᐙ
൷ٽ
d ᧢՛
ঞZo᧢Օ
Page 7
2. إᒔऱຑ൷ Connector
1. ᛀီconnector
• ઌ ٵType ? (3.5mm to 3.5mm), ( 50 ohm or 75 Ohm)?
• Center pin ਢ( ړݙܡfemale,2.4mm, 3.5 mm).
• ൷ᤛ૿ਢܡἑ? Pin depth إᒔ?(شGauge Check).
2. شᠨ֫ , ؐ֫༽۰Body ,՛֨ ኙᏘ
ԫೋ֫᠏೯ Nut , Torque Wrench ᠙ጹ
Page 8
4-4
2. إᒔऱຑ൷ Connector-قᒤ
1.ᛀ൷ᙰ 2.ኙᏘ 3.᧯ءլ᠏೯ 4.ࠌشTorque wrench
Page 9
2. إᒔऱຑ൷ Connector-
Introduction Torque wrench
N 3.5
12 LB-IN 8 LB-IN
Page 10
4-5
Hold the torque wrench perpendicular to the connector center line
axis ( within +/- 10 deg)
Page 11
2. إᒔऱຑ൷ Connector-ࡐࡳठ֫ऱჸ
Page 12
4-6
Recommended Torque Values for Connectors
15
10
0
SMA APC 3.5 APC 2.4 N APC 7
Page 13
ᙑᎄقᒤ
֫༽ۯᆜլإᒔΕߡ৫መՕ ᆃַشሤ,ທګconnector ჾ႞
Page 14
4-7
2. إᒔऱຑ൷ Connector- Wrench Thumb
Page 15
Page 16
4-8
SMA and APC 3.5 mm (SWR)
Page 17
Page 18
4-9
APC 3.5mm ፖSMA ᆖൄԫದࠌشऱ࣠
Page 19
3. ൷ᙰჾᡏऱܒឰ֗ڂ։࣫
Connector Damage
3-1 ൄߠऱჾᡏွ
3-2 ࠌشլٵ్ऱ൷ᙰյ൷
3-3 ࠌشբᆖჾᡏऱ൷ᙰյ൷
3-4 լڤݮٵ൷ᙰյ൷
3-5 ඝ᠏ Device ທګऱჾ႞
3-6 Pin Depth լإᒔ
3-7 ࠌ᧩֗ီؾشპᢴᛀ
Page 20
4-10
3-1 ൄߠऱჾᡏွ
1. ᝳ८ᐋᗣჾ
2. ᝅెჾ
3. ᝅ༐֗outer connectorࠪ႞,ןະ,᧢ݮ
4. inner conductorࠪ႞,ᦛڴ,᧢ݮ
Page 21
3. ൷ᙰჾᡏऱܒឰ֗ڂ։࣫
3-1-1 ᝳ८ᐋᗣჾ
Page 22
4-11
3-2 ࠌشլٵ్ऱ൷ᙰյ൷ऱჾ႞
APC 3.5 mm Slotless
Page 23
3-2 ࠌشլٵ్ऱ൷ᙰյ൷ऱჾ႞
APC 3.5 mm Slotless
բჾᡏ ߜړ
Page 24
4-12
3-3 ࠌشբᆖჾᡏऱ൷ᙰյ൷ऱჾ႞
Page 25
3-3 ࠌشբᆖჾᡏऱ൷ᙰյ൷ऱჾ႞
Page 26
4-13
3-4 լڤݮٵ൷ᙰյ൷ऱჾ႞
50 ohm൷ᙰፖ75 ohm൷ᙰᎄ൷
Å ᆃַຍԲጟຑ൷
75 ohm female center pin
50 ohm male canter pin
ధᡏ(ᐶၲ)Îreplace
Page 27
Page 28
4-14
3-5 ඝ᠏ Device ທګऱჾ႞
୲࣐ທګჾ႞ऱۯᆜ
Page 29
Page 30
4-15
3-6 Pin Depth լإᒔທګऱჾ႞
Page 31
3-7 ࠌ᧩֗ီؾشპᢴᛀ
᧩شპᢴᛀჾᡏऱ൷ᙰ ီؾشᛀჾᡏऱ൷ᙰ
Page 32
4-16
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
Page 33
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
Ꮑ堚ᑥऱპं൷ᙰ 1 Ꮑ堚ᑥऱპं൷ᙰ 2
Page 34
4-17
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
ᇠ堚ᑥ߷ᇙ? ࢍຝߡᆵڕ۶堚ᑥ?
Page 35
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
堚ᑥ൷ᙰऱՠࠠ
֫ᚘ
ྤऱक़ཧ 壄լᄎࠩੌڃᇙ--
HDPCޗᔆࢨੲᑿ፹
़ᚘᜍ
Page 36
4-18
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
WRONG CORRECT
CIRCULAR STROKES LEAVE TORN
FIBERS SNAGGED ON EDGES OF RADIAL STROKES DO NOT LEAVE
CENTER COLLET FIBERS
Page 37
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
Saver
Page 38
4-19
4. ൷ᙰऱ堚ᑥፖঅژ
პं൷ᙰऱঅژ
1.ᝩ܍ᤛ൷ᙰऱ൷૿ٽ
2.լല൷ᙰऱ൷૿ٽཛՀ
3.ࠌشᥨঅᥨ൷ᙰᝳ८ऱᎭሱ
ٽ८ᐋ
4.ሽᨱ࣋ژᚨঅࠌݮشण
Page 39
Q&A
Page 40
4-20
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