Tennis Ball Detection Using Matlab Image Procesing

Aaqib Ali (2015002), Adnan Afzal (2015028)

Faculty of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering
Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute
U2015002@giki.edu.pk u2015028@giki.edu.pk

Abstract— The project
mainly focuses on the basis to
implement the object detection
and tracking based on its
roundness, which is a visual
based project i.e. the input to
the project will be the image
data which is given by the user.
It will detect the object from
the given image. The visual
data captured then it is
processed using image
processing in MATLAB and
the object is detected based on
the color or shape and if the
object is detected, then the
object’s color is turned to gray,
using MATLAB code image is
converted to threshold image
to minimize the noise. Now if
there is object present in the
image, it will be detected on
the basis of shape. Once the
object is detected, the image
properties (i.e. Area, perimeter
and centroid) will be
calculated.
I. INTRODUCTION
Object detection can be done
by identifying and detecting
some specific feature of the
object such as colour that
belongs to the object
Detection using computer
vision is a crucial component
in achieving robotic
surveillance. The main aim of
the object Detection is to
track the object based on the
information obtained from
images. In our project, we
determine the region on
interest (ROI) of the target
which is followed adaptive
colour filter to extract the
colour information and thus
the object is tracked. The
main contribution on this
paper is that the introduction
on a colour filtering method
which is capable of
adaptively identifying the
most salient colour feature
that belongs to for object and
using this colour and shape
feature for Detection
the object is detected based
on the colour or shape and if
the object is detected, then
the object’s colour is turned
II. MAIN OBJECTIVES
to gray, using MATLAB code
image is converted to
 It should be capable threshold image to minimize
of detecting ball. the noise. Now if there is
 It must be convert object present in the image, it
image from RGB to will be detected on the basis
Binary of shape. Once the object is
 It must label the axis detected, the image
and images. properties (i.e. Area,
 It should calculate perimeter and centroid) will
the parameters. be calculated.
 It should give the
 Read a RGB image
result on the basis of
with ball in midair
shape and roundness
or ball in palm.
of ball.
 The code must be  Convert the RGB
reliable. image to gray scale
 It should be able to image.
program image
 The pixel value
processing.
greater than the
III BLOCK DIAGRAM threshold value is
converted to one
else zero.
 Label the connected
components using
‘bwlabel’ function
 Remove
components that are
smaller in size.
 Find the image
properties: Area,
Perimeter and
Centroid
IV Working
 Find the component
Principle with the maximum
The project mainly focuses roundness value
on the basis to implement the  Show the detected
object detection and tracking table tennis ball
based on its roundness,
which is a visual based
project i.e., the input to the
project will be the image data
which is given by the user. It
will detect the object from
V. Read the Image
the given image. The visual Read an image into the
data captured then it is workspace, using
processed using image the imread command
processing in MATLAB and imread infers from the file
that the graphics file format
is Tagged Image File Format
(TIFF). Display the image,
using the imshow function.
You can also view an image
in the Image Viewer app.
The imtool function opens
the Image Viewer app which
presents an integrated
environment for displaying
images and performing some
common image processing
tasks. The Image Viewer app
provides all the image
display capabilities
of imshow but also provides
access to several other tools
for navigating and exploring
images, such as scroll bars,
the Pixel Region tool, Image
Information tool, and the
Contrast Adjustment tool.
Fig. 2 Read
the image
VI Image Processing
Image Processing Toolbox
provides a comprehensive set
of reference-standard
algorithms and workflow
apps for image processing,
analysis, visualization, and
algorithm development. You
can perform image
segmentation, image
enhancement, noise
reduction, geometric
transformations, image
registration, and 3D image
processing.
Image Processing Toolbox
apps let you automate
common image processing
workflows. You can
interactively segment image
data, compare image
registration techniques, and
batch-process large data sets.
Visualization functions and
apps let you explore images,
3D volumes, and videos;
adjust contrast; create
histograms; and manipulate
regions of interest (ROIs). Fig. 4
Thresholding Image
VIII Ball Detection
After all the procedure,
now the ball will be
detected and the cross will
identify the ball detection.
There will be small cross
sign on the ball if detected.
Fig 3 Image Processing Fig 6 Results
Fig.5 ball
Detection
IX Equation
VII Threshold Image
Image thresholding is a
Using the formula:
simple, yet effective, way of
partitioning an image into a
foreground and background.
Roundness =
This image analysis
technique is a type
of image segmentation that
isolates objects by converting
gray scale images into X Results
binary images
 % C=imcrop(Img,box);
binary label function
XI References %Find the centroid
%Remove components cen=Sdata(ele).Centroid
that is small and tiny ;
[1].
for i=1:total
https://www.mathwork
if(sum(sum(Label==i)) %Display the image
s.com/help/vision/grou
< 500 ) axes('Position',[0 .1 .74 .
nd-truth-labeling.html
Label(Label==i)=0; 8],'xtick',[],'ytick',[])
[2]. XII Appendix end imshow(Img);
https://www.mathwork Source Code: end hold on
s.com/products/image. Img = menu('Ball plot(cen(1,1),cen(1,2),'r
html Detection','Image') %Find the properties of x');%Mark the centroid
[3]. axes('Position',[0 .1 .74 . the image
https://www.mathwork 8],'xtick',[],'ytick',[]); Sdata = Rad=(Sdata(ele).EquivD
s.com/help/images/ima imshow(Img); regionprops(Label,'all'); iameter)/2;
ge-import-and- Rad=strcat('Radius of
export.html %Find the components the
number Ball :',num2str(Rad));
[4]. I=rgb2gray(Img); Un=unique(Label); radius=Rad;
https://angeljohnsy.blo % Converting RGB my_max=0.0;
gspot.com/2013/04/tabl Image to Area=Sdata(ele).Area;
e-tennis-ball-detection- % %Check the Roundness Area=strcat('Area of the
matlab-code.html Gray Scale Image metrics ball:',num2str(Area));
[5]. I=im2double(I); %Roundness=4*PI*Are A=Area;
https://www.mathwork % Converting Gray a/Perimeter.^2 Pmt=Sdata(ele).Perimet
s.com/products/image. scale Image for i=2:numel(Un) er;
html % to Roundness=(4*pi*Sdata Pmt=strcat('Perimeter of
Double type (Un(i)).Area)/Sdata(Un( the ball:',num2str(Pmt));
J = medfilt2(I,[3 3]); i)).Perimeter.^2; p=Pmt;
% Median Filter , my_max=max(my_max, Cen=Sdata(ele).Centroi
Roundness); d;
if(Roundness==my_max Cent=strcat('Centroid:',n
I2 = imadjust(J); ) um2str(Cen(1,1)),',',num
ele=Un(i); 2str(Cen(1,2)));
values end c=Cent;
end
title('Original Image');
choice = menu('Ball %Draw the box around
Detection','threshold') the ball
Ib = I2> 0.9627; box=Sdata(ele).Boundin
gBox;
box(1,1:2)=box(1,1:2)-
%Labelling 15;
[Label,total] = box(1,3:4)=box(1,3)+25
bwlabel(Ib,4); % ;
Indexing segments by
%Crop the image