Joe Strummer

John Graham Mellor (21 August 1952 – 22 December 2002), known by his stage
Joe Strummer
name Joe Strummer, was an English musician, singer, actor and songwriter who
was the co-founder, lyricist, rhythm guitarist and lead vocalist of the Clash, a punk
rock band formed in 1976 as part of the original wave of British punk.

Their second album, Give 'Em Enough Rope (1978) reached number 2 on the UK
charts. Soon after, they achieved success in the US, starting with London Calling
(1979), and peaking with 1982's Combat Rock, reaching number 7 on the US charts
and being certified 2× platinum there. The Clash's politicised lyrics, musical
experimentation, and rebellious attitude had a far-reaching influence on rock, and
alternative rock in particular.[1] Their music incorporatedreggae, ska, dub, funk, rap,
and rockabilly.

Strummer's musical experience included stints with the 101ers, Latino Rockabilly
War, the Mescaleros, and the Pogues, in addition to his own solo music career. His
work as a musician allowed him to explore other interests, including acting, creating
film scores for television and movies, songwriting, radio broadcasting, and a
position as a radio host on a BBC show titled "London Calling".
Background information
Strummer and the Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in
Birth name John Graham
January 2003. In his remembrance, Strummer's friends and family established the
Mellor
Joe Strummer Foundation (initially known as Strummerville), a non-profit
organisation which gives opportunities to musicians and support to projects around Born 21 August 1952
the world that create empowerment through music. Ankara, Turkey
Died 22 December
2002 (aged 50)
Broomfield,
Contents Somerset,
England
Biography and career
The early years (1952–1976) Genres Punk rock,
The Clash (1976–86) alternative rock,
Solo career and soundtrack work (1986–1999) world music,
The Mescaleros and other work (1999–2002) reggae, ska,
Death and legacy rockabilly, funk,
Marriages and relationships folk
Documentaries Occupation(s) Musician,
Musical equipment songwriter, radio
Mural in New York City host, actor
Discography Instruments Vocals, guitar,
The Clash piano
The 101ers
Years active 1970–2002
Solo
The Latino Rockabilly War Labels CBS, Sony,
The Mescaleros Hellcat, Mercury
Selected filmography Associated acts The 101ers, the
 In other media Clash, the Latino
References Rockabilly War,
Sources the Pogues, the
Further reading Mescaleros
External links

Biography and career

The early years (1952–1976)

Joe Strummer was born John Graham Mellor in Ankara, Turkey, on 21 August 1952. His mother, Anna Mackenzie, a crofter's
daughter born and raised in Bonar Bridge in the Scottish Highlands, was a nurse. His father, Ronald Mellor, was a British foreign
service diplomat born in Lucknow, India. Ronald Mellor had an Armenian maternal grandfather and a German Jewish paternal
grandmother.[2] The family spent much time moving from place to place, and Strummer spent parts of his early childhood in Cairo,
Mexico City and Bonn. At the age of 9, Strummer and his older brother David, 10, began boarding at the City of London Freemen's
School in Surrey. Strummer rarely saw his parents during the next seven years.

[A]t the age of nine I had to say good-bye to them because they went abroad to Africa or something. I went to
boarding school and only saw them once a year after that – the Government paid for me to see my parents once a
year. I was left on my own, and went to this school where thick rich people sent their thick rich kids. Another perk of
my father's job – it was a job with a lot of perks – all the fees were paid by the Government.

— Joe Strummer[3]

He developed a love of rock music listening to records by Little Richard and the Beach Boys as well as American folk-singer Woody
Guthrie.[4] (Strummer would even go by the nickname "Woody" for a few years). Strummer would later say that "the reason [he]
played music was the Beach Boys".[5]

By 1970 his brother David had become estranged from his family and had
joined the National Front. His suicide in July profoundly affected Strummer, as [David] was a year older than me.
Funnily enough, you know, he was a
did having to identify his body after it had lain undiscovered for three days.[2]
Nazi. He was a member of the National
After finishing his time at City of London Freemen's School, Ashtead Park, Front. He was into the occult and he used
Surrey, in 1970, Strummer moved on to the Central School of Art and Designin to have these deaths-heads and cross-
London,[6] where he briefly flirted with the idea of becoming a professional bones all over everything. He didn't like
to talk to anybody, and I think suicide was
cartoonist and completed a one-year foundation course.[7] During this time,
the only way out for him. What else could
Mellor shared a flat in the north London suburb of Palmers Green with friends he have done[?]
Clive Timperley and Tymon Dogg. In 1971 Strummer became a vegetarian and —Joe Strummer[3]
remained one until his death.[8]

In 1973 Strummer moved to Newport, Wales. He did not study at Newport

College of Art but met up with college musicians in the Students' Union in Stow I bought a ukulele. No kidding. I saved
some money, £1.99 I think, and bought it
Hill and became vocalist for Flaming Youth, renaming the band the Vultures.[9]
down Shaftesbury Avenue. Then the guy I
The Vultures[1] included three former members of Rip Off Park Rock & Roll was busking with taught me to play
Allstars, the original college band co-founded by Terry Earl Taylor. For the next Johnny Be Good. [...] I was on my own
year he was the band's part-time singer and rhythm guitarist. During this time for the first time with this ukulele and
Johnny Be Good. And that's how I
Strummer also worked as agravedigger in St Woolos Cemetery.[10][11] In 1974,
started.
the band fell apart and he moved back to London where he met up again with
—Joe Strummer[3]
Tymon Dogg. He did street performance for a while and then decided to form another band with his West London roommates. The
band was called the 101ers,[1] named after the address of their squat (101 W
alterton Road, in Maida Vale).[9][12]

The band played many gigs in London pubs, playing covers of popular American R&B and blues songs. In 1975 he stopped calling
himself "Woody" Mellor and adopted the stage name of Joe Strummer, and insisted that his friends call him by that name. The name
"Strummer" apparently referred to his role as rhythm guitarist, in a rather self-deprecating way. Strummer was the lead singer of the
101ers and began to write original songs for the group. One song he wrote was inspired by his girlfriend at the time, Slits drummer
Palmolive. The group liked the song "Keys to Your Heart", and picked it as their first single.[3]

The Clash (1976–86)

On 3 April 1976, the then-unknown Sex Pistols opened for The 101ers at a venue called the Nashville Rooms in London, and
Strummer was impressed by them.[1] Sometime after the show, Strummer was approached by Bernie Rhodes and Mick Jones. Jones
was from the band London SS and wanted Strummer to join as lead singer. Strummer agreed to leave the 101ers and join Jones,
bassist Paul Simonon, drummer Terry Chimes and guitarist Keith Levene.[12] The band was named the Clash by Simonon and made
their debut on 4 July 1976 in Sheffield, opening for the Sex Pistols at the Black Swan (a.k.a. the Mucky Duck, now known as the
Boardwalk).[12] On 25 January 1977, the band signed with CBS Records as a three-piece after Levene was fired from the band and
Chimes quit. DrummerTopper Headon later became the band's full-time drummer.

During his time with the Clash, Strummer, along with his bandmates, became notorious for getting in trouble with the law. On 10
June 1977, he and Headon were arrested for spray-painting "The Clash" on a wall in a hotel. On 20 May 1980, he was arrested for
hitting a violent member of the audience with his guitar during a performance in Hamburg, Germany. This incident shocked
Strummer, and had a lasting personal impact on him. Strummer said, "It was a watershed—violence had really controlled me for
[2]
once". He determined never again to fight violence with violence.

Before the album Combat Rock was released in 1982, Strummer wilfully went into hiding and band management represented that he
had "disappeared". Bernie Rhodes, the band's manager, pressured Joe to do so because tickets were selling slowly for the Scottish leg
of an upcoming tour.[2] It was planned for Strummer to travel, in secret, to Texas and stay with his friend, musician Joe Ely. Uneasy
with his decision, Strummer instead decided to genuinely disappear and "dicked around" in France. During this time, Strummer ran
the Paris Marathon in April 1982. He claimed his training regime consisted of 10 pints of beer the night before the race. For this
period of time, Joe's whereabouts were not only a mystery to the public, but the band's management as well. Joe later said this was a
huge mistake and you "have to have some regrets". This was in spite of the popular success of the single "Rock the Casbah". During
this time band members began to argue a lot, and with tensions high, the group began to fall apart.[12]

In September 1983, Strummer issued the infamous "Clash Communique", and fired Mick Jones.[12] Topper Headon had earlier been
kicked out of the band because of his heroin addiction, and Terry Chimes was brought back temporarily to fill his place until the
permanent replacement, Pete Howard, could be found. This left the band with only two of its original members, Strummer and
Simonon. Rhodes persuaded Strummer to carry on, adding two new guitarists.[12] Under this lineup, "The Clash Mark Two", they
released the album Cut the Crap in 1985. The album was panned by fans and critics alike and Strummer disbanded the Clash. The
disintegration of the band and the reasons behind it are the subject of Danny Garcia's 2012/3 book and documentary, The Rise and
Fall of the Clash.[13]

At the band's induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Clash was said to be "considered one of the most overtly political,
explosive and exciting bands in rock and roll history".[14] Their songs tackled social decay, unemployment, racism, police brutality,
political and social repression, and militarism in detail. Strummer was involved with the Anti-Nazi League and Rock Against Racism
campaigns. He later also gave his support to the Rock Against the Rich series of concerts organised by the anarchist organisation
Class War. The Clash's London Calling album was voted best album of the 1980s by Rolling Stone magazine (although it was
[15]
released in late 1979 in the UK, it was not released until 1980 in the USA).

Solo career and soundtrack work (1986–1999)

A year later, Strummer worked on several songs for the 1986 film Sid and Nancy,
including "Love Kills" and "Dum Dum Club". Strummer also later worked with
Mick Jones and his band Big Audio Dynamite, contributing to the band's second
studio album by co-writing most of the songs as well as producing the album along
with Jones.

In 1987, he played a small part in the film Walker, directed by Alex Cox, as a
character named "Faucet" and wrote and performed on the film's soundtrack. He
starred in another Cox film that same year called Straight to Hell, as the character
Strummer, backing with the Pogues in
Simms. Straight to Hell also featured London-Irish folk/punk band the Pogues, Japan. Photo: Masao Nakagami
both as actors and contributors to the soundtrack. Strummer joined the Pogues for
a tour in 1987/88, filling in for ailing guitarist Philip Chevron, who wrote (in May
2008) on the band's online forum: "When I was sick in late 1987, I taught Joe all the guitar parts in an afternoon and he was on tour in
the USA as deputy guitarist the next day. Joe wrote all the tabs in his meticulously neat hand on a long piece of paper which he taped
to the top of the guitar so he could glance down occasionally when he was onstage." This tour would be the first of several
collaborations with the band.

In 1989, Strummer appeared in Jim Jarmusch's film Mystery Train as a drunken, short-tempered drifter named Johnny (whom most
characters refer to as Elvis, much to Johnny's dismay). He made a cameo appearance in Aki Kaurismäki's 1990 film I Hired a
Contract Killer as a guitarist in a pub, performing two songs ("Burning Lights" and "Afro-Cuban Bebop"). These were released as a
promotional 7-inch single limited to a few hundred copies, credited to "Joe Strummer & the Astro Physicians". The "Astro
Physicians" were in fact the Pogues ("Afro-Cuban Bebop" got a re-release on the Pogues' 2008 box set). During this time Strummer
continued to act, write and produce soundtracks for various films, most notably the soundtrack for
Grosse Pointe Blank (1997).

In 1989 Strummer produced a solo record with the band the Latino Rockabilly War in 1989. The album Earthquake Weather was a
critical and commercial flop, and resulted in the loss of his contract with Sony Records. He also did the soundtrack to the movie
Permanent Record with this band.

Strummer was asked by the Pogues, who were fracturing as a band, to help them produce their next album, released in 1990 as Hell's
Ditch. In 1991, he replaced Shane MacGowan as singer of the Pogues for a tour after MacGowan's departure from the band. One
night of this tour was professionally recorded, and three tracks ("I Fought the Law", "London Calling", and "Turkish Song of the
Damned") have seen release as b-sides and again on the Pogues' 2008 box set.

On 16 April 1994, Strummer joined Czech-American band Dirty Pictures on stage in Prague at the Repre Club in Obecni Dum at
"Rock for Refugees", a benefit concert for people left displaced by the war in Bosnia. Although the set appeared impromptu,
Strummer and the band had spent the days leading up to the event rehearsing and "hanging out" in Prague. The show began with
"London Calling" and without pause went into "Brand New Cadillac". In the middle of the song, the power went out. Once the power
was back on, Strummer asked the audience whether or not they would mind if the band started over. They then began again with
"London Calling" and continued on for another half-hour
.

After these self-described "wilderness years", Strummer began working with other bands; he played piano on the 1995 UK hit of the
Levellers, "Just the One" and appeared on the Black Grape single "England's Irie" in 1996. In 1997, while in New York City, he
worked with noted producer and engineer Lee Perry on remixed Clash and 101ers reissue dub material. In collaboration with
percussionist Pablo Cook, Strummer wrote and performed the soundtrack to Tunnel of Love (Robert Wallace 1997) that was featured
in the Cannes Film Festival in the same year.

In 1998, he made a guest appearance on the animated television show, South Park and appeared on the album Chef Aid: The South
Park Album featuring songs from and inspired by the series.

During this time, Strummer was engaged in a legal dispute with the Clash's record label, Epic Records. The disagreement lasted
nearly eight years and ended with the label agreeing to let him record solo records with another label. If the Clash were to reunite
though, they would have to record for Sony. During the nineties, Strummer was a DJ on the BBC World Service with his half-hour
programme London Calling. Samples from the series provide the vocals for "Midnight Jam" on Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros'
final album Streetcore.

The Mescaleros and other work (1999–2002)

In the mid-to-late 1990s, Strummer gathered top-flight musicians into a backing band he called the Mescaleros. Strummer and the
band signed with Mercury Records, and released their first album in 1999, which was co-written with Antony Genn, called Rock Art
and the X-Ray Style. A tour of England, Europe, and North America soon followed; sets included several Clash fan favourites.

This is my Indian summer ... I learnt that fame is an illusion and everything about it is just a joke. I'm far more
dangerous now, because I don't care at all.

— Joe Strummer to Chris Salewicz – 2000[9]

In 2001, the band signed with Californian punk label Hellcat Records
Redemption Song
and released their second studio album, Global a Go-Go. The album
was supported with a 21-date tour of North America, Britain, and 0:00

Ireland. Once again, these concerts featured Clash material ("

London's Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros
Burning", "Rudie Can't Fail", "(White Man) In Hammersmith Palais"),
as well as covers of reggae and ska hits ("The Harder They Come", "A Problems playing this file? See media help.
Message to You, Rudy") and the band regularly closed the show by
playing the Ramones' "Blitzkrieg Bop". He covered Bob Marley's "Redemption Song" with Johnny Cash. In the same year, a
Strummer and the Mescaleros' version of the song Minstrel
" Boy" was used for the end credits of the filmBlack Hawk Down.

On 15 November 2002, Strummer and the Mescaleros played a benefit show for
striking fire fighters in London, at the Acton Town Hall. Mick Jones was in the
audience, and joined the band on stage during the Clash's "Bankrobber". An encore
followed with Jones playing guitar and singing on "White Riot" and "London's
Burning". This performance marked the first time since 1983 that Strummer and
Jones had performed together on stage.[14] Jones later remarked that it was totally
unplanned and that he felt compelled to join Strummer on stage.

Strummer's final regular gig was at Liverpool Academy on 22 November 2002, yet
his final performance, just two weeks before his death, was in a small club venue Strummer performing in Brooklyn,
'The Palace' in Bridgwater, Somerset, near his home. Shortly before his death, April 2002
Strummer and U2's Bono co-wrote a song, "46664", for Nelson Mandela as part of a
campaign against AIDS in Africa. Strummer had been scheduled to play at
Mandela's SOS fundraising concert in February 2003 on Robben Island. Mick Jones later recorded a version of the song in studio,
performing both the vocals and guitar work, that has yet to be formally released.

Death and legacy

Strummer died suddenly on 22 December 2002 in his home at Broomfield in
Somerset, the victim of an undiagnosed congenital heart defect.[14][16][17] His On-stage Strummer wires himself up into
an inhuman dynamo of sweaty, trembling
estate was valued at just under £1 million, and he left all the money to his wife
flesh, fearful enough to have one
Lucinda.[18] Strummer was cremated, and his ashes were given to his family
. wondering when the ambulance brigade
will rush to his rescue with a straight-
Strummer was instrumental in setting up Future Forests (since rechristened the jacket. While he tilts his bullet head at
Carbon Neutral Company), dedicated to planting trees in various parts of the acute angles, his agonising face screwed
world to combat global warming.[19] Strummer was the first artist to make the into an open wound, he wields his
Telecaster like a chain saw. His
recording, pressing and distribution of his records carbon neutral through the
magnetism is totally original – more like
planting of trees.[19][20][21] In his remembrance, Strummer's friends and family an Olympic strong man imploding all his
have established the Strummerville Foundation for the promotion of new energy into a final record-breaking lift
than anything seen on a rock'n'roll stage
music.[22] The foundation also holds an annual festival with the same name.
before.
Off-stage, he's the Clash member with the
In January 2003, the Clash were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of
lowest profile.
Fame.[14] At the Grammy Awards in February 2003, "London Calling" was
—Caroline Coon[3]
performed by Elvis Costello, Bruce Springsteen, Steven Van Zandt, Dave
Grohl, Pete Thomas, and Tony Kanal in tribute to Strummer. Another tribute to
Strummer occurred in the same month at the rock club Debaser in Stockholm, when some of Sweden's most famous rock musicians
paid their tribute to Strummer by performing songs written by the Clash (the exception was Nicke Borg and Dregen from Backyard
Babies, who performed "I Fought the Law", which the Clash had covered). At the end of the concert, the Swedish punk band Ebba
Grön reunited for the tribute, aided byMick Jones on guitar.

At the time of his death, Strummer was working on another Mescaleros album, which was released posthumously in October 2003
under the title Streetcore. The album features a tribute to Johnny Cash, "Long Shadow", which was written for Cash to sing and
recorded in Rick Rubin's garage, as well as a remembrance of the terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 ("Ramshackle Day Parade"),
and a cover of Bob Marley's "Redemption Song", which Strummer had also recorded as a duet with Cash. The Cash/Strummer duet
version appears on the 2003box set Unearthed. Strummer and the Mescaleros were scheduled to open forPearl Jam on the 2003 Riot
Act tour. Following Strummer's death, Pearl Jam added a cover of Know Your Rights to their setlist on the tour, and also had Straight
to Hell play as the coda at the end of their shows.

November 2003 saw the release of a video for "Redemption Song", directed by Josh Cheuse. The video features the painting of a
memorial mural, by graffiti artist REVOLT, on the wall of the Niagara Bar in theEast Village of New York City.[23]

On 22 December 2003, a year after his death, a tribute show/benefit was held at Irving Plaza in NYC. Bands that played were: Ari
Up; Clem Snide; the Detachment Kit; Dirty Mary; Hammel on Trial; Jesse Malin; New Blood Revival; the Realistics; Eugene Hütz;
Radio 4; Secret Army; Ted Leo; Vic Thrill & the Saturn Missile.[24] The show was videotaped by punkcast.com but is as yet
unreleased.

The Belfast punk rock group Stiff Little Fingers recorded a tribute song "Strummerville" on their album, Guitar and Drum. Al Barr,
lead singer of the Boston punk band Dropkick Murphys, named his son Strummer in honour of Joe.[25] German band Beatsteaks pay
tribute to Strummer on their album Smack Smash with the song "Hello Joe". In 2004, German punk band Die Toten Hosen released
an EP called "Friss oder stirb", which included a tribute song for Strummer called "Goodbye Garageland", which is a lyrical co-
production with Matt Dangerfield from London's 77 punk bandthe Boys.

Boston Punk Rock Band Street Dogs recorded a tribute song called "The General's Boombox" on their album State of Grace, and
New Jersey's the Gaslight Anthem recorded the song "I'da Called You Woody, Joe" on their album Sink or Swim. Attila the
Stockbroker's Barnstormer released "Comandante Joe" on their albumZero Tolerance.

On 12 February 2005, the Class 47 locomotive 47828 was named "Joe Strummer". The nameplates were unveiled by his widow
Lucinda Tait in a ceremony at Bristol Temple Meads railway station.[26] On 22 July 2005 Tait unveiled a plaque on the house in
Pentonville, Newport where Strummer lived from 1973 to 1974 and where his first foray into recorded music, "Crummy Bum Blues"
was recorded.[27]

"That Was Clash Radio", a short story by Charles de Lint, was written in response to Strummer's death and features Strummer in a
minor role.[28]

New Orleans-based rockersCowboy Mouth released a song called "Joe Strummer" on their album Voodoo Shoppe. The song tells the
story of a man who had to break up with his girlfriend because "...she didn't know who/Joe Strummer was." The popular track is a
tongue-in-cheek salute to Strummer and The Clash that received significant radio play in 2006. In addition, the Joe Pernice-penned
"High As a Kite", included on the Pernice Brothers' 2006 album Live a Little, was, in part a tribute to Joe Strummer. Lyrics included,
"Heavy downbeat of one and the show began/London calling, strike up the contraband" and the memorable opening to the chorus,
"We wore pictures of Strummer." A play by Paul Hodson called Meeting Joe Strummer premiered at the Edinburgh Festival in 2006,
and toured the UK the following year.[29]

In conjunction with the Strummer estate, Fender released the Joe Strummer Tribute Telecaster, combining elements of Joe's main
guitars, namely an attempt at the "road worn" finish of his 1966 Telecaster, which he used until his death. The first 1,500 guitars
come with a Shepard Fairey designed "Customisation kit" with stickers and stencils, which resemble some of the designs Strummer
used on his guitars.[30] Joe Strummer's impact is referenced by the Hold Steady in the song "Constructive Summer", a song featured
on their 2008 album Stay Positive. In this song the band sings "Raise a toast to Saint Joe Strummer. I think he might have been our
only decent teacher." In November 2009,Tonara, a town in Sardinia, Italy, dedicated a street to Joe Strummer.[31]

On 22 December 2010, CJAM 99.1 FM, a radio station in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, declared the eighth anniversary of his death
"Joe Strummer Day to confront poverty in Windsor-Detroit." For 24-hours, the station played nothing but Strummer-related music,
wrapping the sounds around reports about poverty from North America's hardest hit economic region—Windsor-Detroit. CJAM
(which is located near the banks of the Detroit River, a kilometre from downtown Detroit) and its board of directors have since
officially decided to make it a yearly event, and ishosting its 7th Annual Joe Strummer Day on 22 December 2016.

In January 2011 a motion was started to grant Strummer his own street in the Spanish city ofGranada.[32]

On 21 August 2012 and what would have been Strummer's 60th birthday, Hellcat Records released an exclusive 57 song digital
download album titled Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros, The Hellcat Years. The album features Strummer's three Hellcat albums
along with various b-sides and live songs including Strummer's 15 November 2002 concert which featured Mick Jones. Hellcat also
announced that on 25 September 2012 they will re-release remastered versions of Strummer's three records he recorded for Hellcat on
both CD and vinyl.[33] and Strummer's 15 Nov. 2002 concert, Live at Acton Town Hall was released as well through Hellcat on 23
November 2012 as an exclusive limited to 2200 copies 2 LP vinyl for Record Store Day. In January 2013, Joe Strummer had a plaza
named in his honour in the Spanish city of Granada.[34] Placeta Joe Strummer is at N37.16892 W3.58771 (722m) on a junction
between three narrow roads the Calle Vistillas de Los Angeles, the Cuesta Escoriaza and the Calle Paseo Palmas. About 650m south
of the Alhambra.[35]

In June 2013 a mural of Strummer was unveiled on the corner of Portobello Road and Blenheim Crescent. The unveiling was
attended by a number of Strummer's former friends includingMick Jones and Ray Gange.[36]

In an October 2013 interview, Mick Jones confirmed that Strummer indeed had intentions of reforming the Clash and new music was
even being written. In the months prior to Strummer's death, he and Jones got together to write new music. Jones said at the time he
assumed the new songs would be used on albums with the Mescaleros. A few months following their work together, Jones ran into
Strummer at an event and asked him what he intended to do with those songs. Strummer informed Jones that they were going to be
used for the next Clash record.[37]

In 2016, actor Jonathan Rhys Meyersportrayed Strummer in the filmLondon Town which tells the story of a Clash-obsessed teenager
who crosses paths with Joe Strummer by happenstance in 1979 and finds his life changing as a result.[38] The film was met with
mostly negative reviews.

Marriages and relationships

In 1975, after being offered £120 (equivalent to £900 in 2016[39] ), Strummer married Pamela Moolman, a South African citizen, so
she could obtain British citizenship. He bought his signature Fender Telecaster, later painted black, with the money. In 1978,
.[2] The couple remained together for 14 years and had
Strummer started a relationship with Gaby Salter shortly after her 17th birthday
two daughters, Jazz and Lola, but did not marry as Strummer had been unable to locate and divorce Moolman.[2] During his
relationship with Salter, he had multiple affairs spanning the 1980s.[2]

In 1993, Strummer began an affair with Lucinda Tait, which finally ended his relationship with Gaby Salter.[2] Strummer and Tait
married in 1995 and remained so until his death in 2002.
Documentaries
Let's Rock Again! is a one-hour music documentary, directed by Dick Rude, that follows Strummer as he tours in America and Japan
with the Mescaleros. It premiered at theTribeca Film Festival in New York, May 2004.

[2]
Redemption Song: The Ballad of Joe Strummeris a 2006 biography of Strummer by Chris Salewicz.

Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten is a documentary about Joe Strummer by Julien Temple. It comprises archive footage of him
, and other celebrities. It debuted at the 2007Sundance Film Festival.[40][41][42]
spanning his life, and interviews with friends, family

Tribute Concert: Cast a Long Shadow is a recording of the October 2007 tribute and benefit concert held in honour of Joe Strummer
in Los Angeles. It features Love & Rockets, Zander Schloss, Hellride and many other artists. It was released in DVD format as by
MVD Videos in December 2010.[43]

Let Fury Have the Hour is a documentary directed by Antonino D'Ambrosio, in which the figure of Strummer "looms large in the
background".[44] The movie debuted at the 2012Tribeca Film Festival.[45]

Quiero tener una ferretería en Andalucía is a 2014 documentary about Joe Strummer's relationship with Andalucia, and especially
with Almeria, where he lived in the 1980s and '90s.

I Need a Dodge! Joe Strummer on the Run is a 2015 documentary by Nick Hall. It revolves around Strummer's life in Spain and tells
the story of the mysterious disappearance of his beloved Dodge convertible.

Musical equipment
Strummer's main guitar throughout his career was a 1966 Fender Telecaster that originally
came in a three-colour sunburst with a white pickguard. Strummer acquired the guitar in
middle of 1975 while playing with the 101ers. After joining the Clash, the guitar's body and
pickguard were refinished in grey auto primer and then painted black. By 1979, the word
NOISE was stenciled on the upper part of the body, a rasta flag sticker was placed at the horn
of the pickguard, and an "Ignore Alien Orders" sticker was placed above the bridge. By the
release of Give ‘Em Enough Rope, the guitar was fitted with a bridge with individual saddles
and the original Kluson tuners were replaced with later model tuners and a large question
mark was spraypainted on its back.

The guitar would remain in this configuration throughout his career with the addition of
stickers on its body. The guitar's black paint became worn down due to Strummer's playing
and on many places the original sunburst finish and bare wood shines through, except for the
square where Strummer taped his setlists. In 2012 modern artist Karl Haglund paid tribute to Strummer in 2001 with his
this guitar in one of his iconic guitar paintings.[46][47] The Fender Custom Shop has created a guitar
Joe Strummer tribute Telecaster with a reliced flat black finish.[30]

Strummer was naturally left-handed, but was taught to play guitar right-handed by his close friend Tymon Dogg. Strummer had
reckoned his left-handedness on a right-hand guitar as a drawback and claimed it caused him to be underdeveloped as a guitarist,
although his style of playing was unique.

He also used three Fender Esquire models, one from 1952, a white blonde with slab fretboard from the mid-1950s[48] and another
[49] The Esquire is a one-pickup version of the T
from early to mid-1960s with a white pick guard and rosewood fingerboard. elecaster.
Prior to using any Telecaster oriented guitar, before buying his 1966 model, he used as main guitars a Gretsch White Falcon and a
Hofner.[50] For amplification Strummer was known to use amplifiers such as a Roland Jazz Chorus, a Selmer Bassman while he was
in the 101ers, a Vox AC30 and various Marshall amplifiers,[51] but his main amplifier was a Music Man HD 212,150.[52] Strummer
commented on his choice of amplifier with "I don't have time to search for those old Fender tube amps. The Music Man is the closest
[53]
thing to that sound I've found" and that the "plastic motif on the front is repulsive."
Mural in New York City
In 2013 the mural of Joe Strummer outside Niagara bar on the East Village of
Manhattan, New York City was destroyed due to construction.[54] On 19 September
2013, a new mural was unveiled.[55] The unveiling was accompanied by a large
celebration, attended by Mick Jones.[56]

Discography

The Clash Memorial to Strummer on 7th Street

at Avenue A, New York City.

The 101ers

Year Album Additional information

1981 Elgin Avenue Breakdown Compilation album with material recorded from 1974 to 1976.

Solo

Year Album Additional information

1986 Sid and Nancy Soundtrack for the filmSid and Nancy, featuring 2 songs by Strummer.
"Love Kills" and "Dum Dum Club"
1987 Walker (soundtrack) Soundtrack for the filmWalker, scored by Strummer.
1987 Straight to Hell Original Soundtrack for the filmStraight to Hell, featuring 2 songs by Strummer.
Soundtrack
1993 When Pigs Fly (soundtrack) Unreleased soundtrack for the filmWhen Pigs Fly, scored by
Strummer.
1998 Chef Aid: The South Park Album Features "It's A Rockin' World", performed by Strummer, Flea, Nick
Hexum, Tom Morello, DJ Bonebrake, and Benmont Tench.
1999 Michael Hutchence (guest Backing vocals on the first track on Michael Hutchence's solo album,
appearance) "Let Me Show You"
2000 Free the West Memphis 3 Features a cover of "The Harder They Come", performed by Strummer
and Long Beach Dub Allstars
2002 Jools Holland's Big Band Rhythm Features "Return of the Blues Cowboy" performed by Strummer and
& Blues (guest appearance) the Jools Holland Big Band
2003 Unearthed (guest appearance) A duet of "Redemption Song" withJohnny Cash.
2004 Black Magic (guest appearance) Strummer performed the song "Over the Border" withJimmy Cliff.

The Latino Rockabilly War

Year Album Additional information

1988 Permanent Record Original Soundtrack Features songs by Strummer and The Latino Rockabilly W
ar.
1989 Earthquake Weather Strummer's only studio album with The Latino Rockabilly W
ar.

The Mescaleros
Year Album Additional information
1999 Rock Art and the X-Ray Style Strummer's first album with the Mescaleros.
2001 Global a Go-Go Reached number 23 onBillboard's Top Independent Albums chart in the
US.
2002 Black Hawk Down Soundtrack for the film features a much shorter version ofMinstrel
" Boy".
The longer version appeared onGlobal a Go-Go
2003 Streetcore Strummer's last album, released posthumously
.
2012 Joe Strummer & the Digital download only 57 song set featuring three Hellcat albums, various
Mescaleros: The Hellcat b-sides and Strummer's 15 November 2002 concert
Years
2012 Live at Acton Town Hall Record Store Day exclusive 2-LP vinyl album limited to 2200 copies
featuring Strummer's 15 November 2002 concert

Selected filmography
Year Title Role Other notes
1980 Rude Boy Semi-Documentary Subject
1983 Hell W10 Writer and director Silent film
1983 The King of Comedy Street Scum non-speaking cameo
1987 Walker Faucet
1987 Straight to Hell Simms
1988 Candy Mountain Mario
1989 Mystery Train Johnny aka Elvis
1990 I Hired a Contract Killer Himself by Aki Kaurismaki
1997 Docteur Chance Vince Taylor
2000 The Clash: Westway to the World Documentary Subject
2003 End of the Century: The Story of the Ramones Documentary Subject
2004 Let's Rock Again! Documentary Subject
2007 Joe Strummer: The Future Is Unwritten Documentary Subject Dir: Julien Temple
2008 The Clash Live: Revolution Rock Documentary Subject
2011 Quiero Tener Una Ferreteria En Andalucia Documentary Subject
2012 The Rise and Fall of the Clash Documentary Subject by Danny Garcia

In other media
Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros appeared on the British musician Jools Holland's show Later in 2000. Strummer,
Warren Zevon, and Tracy Chapman, as well as an ensemble cast, sang I" Fought the Law" at the finale. The show,
and this episode, is occasionally shown in the US onOvation TV.
The Bedroom Secrets of the Master Chefs, a novel by Irvine Welsh published in 2006, has a fictional Joe Strummer
being implicated in a paternity scandal.
In the Ridley Scott film Black Hawk Down, the song "Minstrel Boy" from the Mescaleros' albumGlobal a Go-Go is
featured during the evacuation of PFC T odd Blackburn during the Battle of Mogadishu and again over the end credits
"Johnny Appleseed", a song from Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros' 2001 album Global a Go-Go, is featured as the
theme song to the HBO seriesJohn from Cincinnati, aired in the summer of 2007.
The song "Mondo Bongo" by Joe Strummer and the Mescaleros is featured in the 2005 movie Mr. & Mrs. Smith. The
song originally appeared in two different scenes during the movie, but was removed from the later scene in the
Director's Cut.
 Joe Strummer wrote the (unused) title song for the 1997 film 'Divorcing Jack' based on the novel by Colin Bateman,
which exists as an unreleased demo. V arious Clash music was included in the movie. His death is also the starting
point for Bateman's novel 'Driving Big Davie'.
Jonathan Rhys Myers played Strummer in the 2016 fictional filmLondon Town, a film about a young boy's
fascination with The Clash.

References
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trummer6music---help-pick-the.shtml). BBC. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
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Strummer was the son of a diplomat and was given a middle-class upbringing at boarding school in Surrey before
going to study art in London – before deciding that it was a "lousy set up".
b, c, d) He had immersed himself in music since childhood, and his own musical career began when he started
street performing with a ukulele at Green Park tube station. He played in two bands, theultures
V and the 101ers, but
when The Sex Pistols supported the 101ers in west London in 1976, Strummer saw the possibilities open up for him
and was inspired to form The Clash."
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2014-05-20.
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Retrieved 17 November 2007. "a) Joe Strummer was born in Ankara, Turkey, in 1952 & christened John Graham
Mellor. His family spent time in Ankara, Cairo, Mexico City & Bonn, before Mellor returned to the UK to attend the
City of London Freemen's School in Surrey . Mellor left school & enrolled at Central College of Art but left "after about
a week", heading straight for the underground & squat culture. Mellor spent time living in aWles, playing in knock-
about bands and using the nickname "Woody" inspired by Woody Guthrie's name.
b) The Vultures in time led to The 101ers, a group of West London-based squatters named after their squat address.
The 101ers were eventually supported by a nascent Sex Pistols. Mellor adopted the stage name of "Joe Strummer".
Impressed by the power of theSex Pistols, the newly self-coined Strummer determined that the 101ers were
"yesterday's papers" by comparison. It was time to strike out anew . And this led to the start of The Clash.
c) "This is my Indian summer...I learnt that fame is an illusion & everything about it is just a joke. I'm far more
dangerous now, because I don't care at all." –Joe Strummer to Chris Salewicz – 2000."
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10 March 2003. Retrieved 19 November 2007. "a) Quite simply, the Clash were among the most explosive and
exciting bands in rock and roll history.
b, c) If not exactly a reunion, it was a rapprochement. On 15 November 2002, Jones and Strummer shared the stage
for the first time in nearly 20 years, performing three Clash songs during the encore of a London benefit show by Joe
Strummer and the Mescaleros. This raised hopes for a Clash reunion, which were dashed when Strummer died of a
heart attack on 22 December 2002."
15. "Clash star Strummer dies"(http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/2600669.stm)(STM). Entertainment. BBC
News World Edition. 27 December 2002. Retrieved 20 November 2007. "Rolling Stone voted London Calling, their
classic 1980 album (released in 1979 in the UK) as the best album of the Eighties.
"
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. BBC News. 27 December
2002. Retrieved 11 February 2009. "Joe Strummer, the leader of legendary Seventies punk band The Clash, has
died of a suspected heart attack aged 50. A spokesman for Strummer , real name John Graham Mellor, said the
singer died at home in Broomfield, Somerset, on Sunday ."
17. "Clash star Joe Strummer dies"(https://web.archive.org/web/20071117171747/http://archives.cnn.com/2002/SHOW
BIZ/Music/12/23/britain.strummer/). Entertainment. CNN. 23 December 2002. Archived fromthe original (http://archiv
es.cnn.com/2002/SHOWBIZ/Music/12/23/britain.strummer/)on 17 November 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2007.
"Strummer, who was the band's guitarist, vocalist and songwriter alongside Mick Jones, died on Sunday at his
farmhouse in Somerset, southwestern England. "
18. "Clash frontman Joe Strummer leaves £1m will"(http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/showbiz/showbiznew
s.html?in_article_id=426977&in_page_id=1773&ito=1490) . Daily Mail. 7 January 2007. Retrieved 23 November
2007. "Joe Strummer, the former frontman of punk band The Clash, left an estate worth nearly £1 million, it was
revealed yesterday."
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your_planet__part_2_i_want_to_put_back/index.html) . redOrbit.com. 20 September 2005. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
"Joe Strummer: The world's first carbon neutral artists, Joe Strummer was involved in setting up the company and
his large forest on the Isle of Skye has become a memorial to him. "
22. "Strummerville: A Charity in Honour of Joe Strummer of The Clash: Whats It All About?" (http://www.strummerville.co
m/strummerville-a-charity-in-honour-of-joe-strummer-of-the-clash-whats-it-all-about/)
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v.com/news/articles/1480457/20031117/strummer_joe.jhtml)(JHTML). mtv. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "Clip
features cameos by Rancid, actor Matt Dillon, filmmaker Jim Jarmusch.
"
24. "Fillmore NY @ Irving Plaza – Artists"(http://www.irvingplaza.com/artists.htm). irvingplaza.com. Retrieved
29 November 2007. "Joe Strummer Tribute – Ari Up (of The Slits); Clem Snide; The Detachment Kit; Dirty Mary;
Hammel on Trial; Jesse Malin; New Blood Revival; The Realistics; Radio 4; Secret Army; T ed Leo (solo); and special
guests"
25. Helmer, April (23 April 2004). "Dropkick Murphys always sing loud, proud"(https://web.archive.org/web/2007102009
3521/http://www.dropkickmurphys.com/press/press/expresstimes.html). The Express-Times. Dropkickmurphys.com.
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(STM). BBC NEWS. 12 February 2005. Retrieved 6 July 2007. "The Class 47 Diesel, which is owned by Cotswold
Rail, is being named after the singer, who lived in Bridgwater, Somerset. He died aged 50 in 2002."...
..."The locomotive, and plaque showing Strummer's name, were unveiled at BristolempleT Meads station by his
wife, Lucinda."
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2005. Retrieved 29 November 2007. "The friend who arranged for a tribute plaque to Joe Strummer on the house
where the punk legend wrote his first song admits he would have hated "it.
28. de Lint, Charles (2005). The Hour Before Dawn. Burton, MI: Subterranean Press. pp. 10–11.ISBN 1-59606-027-1.
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Related articles:
"Strummer Telecaster Guitar Based on Legendary Clash Leader's Famous DIY Instrument"(http://www.fender.co
m/news/index.php?display_article=199). Fender. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
31. Buquicchio, Cesare (19 November 2009)."Sardegna punk, una via per Joe Strummer"(http://www.unita.it/news/cult
ure/91451/sardegna_punk_una_via_per_joe_strummer)(in Italian). L'Unità. Retrieved 29 March 2010.
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Machine.
33. Cericola, Rachel. "Hellcat Records Celebrates 60 Years of Joe Strummer With Digital Release | GeekMom"(https://
www.wired.com/geekmom/2012/08/new-joe-strummer-album). Wired.com. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
34. "BBC News - Joe Strummer has a Spanish plaza named in his honour"(http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-art
s-21041591#sa-ns_mchannel=rss&ns_source=PublicRSS20-sa) . Bbc.co.uk. 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
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Granada calling" (http://oakesave.blogspot.co.uk/2013/07/pico-de-veleta-and-placeta-joe-strummer
.html).
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d-report-from-ladbroke-grove/). 15 June 2013. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
37. "The Clash - Mick Jones: 'Secret Joe Strummer T
unes Could Have Sparked The Clash's Comeback ' " (http://www.co
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, 5 May 2007. This photo is of a campfire in
Somerset."
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Sources
Books

Coon, Caroline (1977). 1988: The New Wave Punk Rock Explosion. London: Hawthorn. ISBN 0-8015-6129-9.
OCLC 79262599.
D'Ambrosio, Antonino (2012). Let Fury Have the Hour: Joe Strummer, Punk, and the Movement that Shook the
World. New York: Nation Books. ISBN 9781568587196.
Salewicz, Chris (2006).Redemption Song: The Ballad of Joe Strummer
. New York: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-571-
21178-4. OCLC 76794852.

Films and documentaries

D'Ambrosio Antonino; Joe Strummer, Billy Bragg, Wayne Kramer, Tom Morello, Gogol Bordello, Eve Ensler,
Antibalas, Thievery Corporation, Tommy Guerrero, Chuck D, Boots Riley, Manu Chao, Ted Leo, Hari Kunzru,
Edwidge Danticat, Suheir Hammad, Staceyann Chin, The Coup, John Sayles, Lewis Black, Ian Mackaye, Fugazi,
Minor Threat, Sean Hayes, Public Enemy, The Kominas, Street Sweeper Social Club, The Slackers, El Meswy, DJ
Spooky, Eugene Hutz (2012). Let Fury Have the Hour(DVD). New York, NY: SNAGFilms; A Bricklayers Union
Production. Retrieved 2013-04-10.
Letts Don; Rick Elgood, Joe Strummer, Mick Jones, Paul Simonon, Topper Headon, Terry Chimes, The Clash
(2001). The Clash: Westway to the World (DVD). New York: Sony Music Entertainment; Dorismo; Uptown Films.
Event occurs at 3:50–4:50; 8:40–11:40.ISBN 0-7389-0082-6. OCLC 49798077.

Further reading
Clash, The (1 October 2008). The Clash: Strummer, Jones, Simonon, Headon. London: Atlantic Books.ISBN 1-
84354-788-0. OCLC 236120343.
D'Ambrosio, Antonino (13 October 2004). Let Fury Have the Hour: The Punk Rock Politics of Joe Strummer
. New
York: Nation Books. ISBN 1-56025-625-7. OCLC 56988650. "Edited with an Introduction by Antonino D'Ambrosio.
"
Davie, Anthony (2004). Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros: New and Previously Unpublished Photographs
.
Northampton: Effective. ISBN 0-9548568-1-3. OCLC 64898380.
Davie, Anthony (2004).Vision of a Homeland: The History of Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros. Northampton:
Effective. ISBN 0-9548568-0-5. OCLC 123775358.
DeCurtis, Anthony (2003). "1952–2002 Joe Strummer – A tribute to the late Clash singer and songwriter , plus his
final remarks on the rise and fall of the legendary punk band".Rolling stone. San Francisco, CA: Straight Arrow. 914
(27). ISSN 0035-791X. OCLC 96002520.
Ferraz, Rob (August 2001)."Joe Strummer & The Clash – Revolution Rock"
. Exclaim!. Retrieved 22 December
2010.
Gilbert, Pat (2005) [2004].Passion Is a Fashion: The Real Story of The Clash(4th ed.). London: Aurum Press.
ISBN 1-84513-113-4. OCLC 61177239.
 Gray, Marcus (2005) [1995].The Clash: Return of the Last Gang in T
own (5th rev. ed.). London: Helter Skelter.
ISBN 1-905139-10-1. OCLC 60668626.
Matula, Theodore (December 2003). "Joe Strummer , 1952–2002". Popular Music and Society. Bowling Green, Ohio:
Taylor & Francis. 26 (4): 523–525. doi:10.1080/0300776032000144968. ISSN 0300-7766. OCLC 89586252.
Needs, Kris (25 January 2005). Joe Strummer and the Legend of the Clash. London: Plexus. ISBN 0-85965-348-X.
OCLC 53155325.
Yewdall, Julian Leonard; Nick Jones (1992).Joe Strummer with the 101ers and the Clash, 1974–1976
. London:
Image Direct. ISBN 0-9519216-0-6. OCLC 28502630. "Photographs by Julian Leonard Yewdall; introductory text by
Nick Jones."

External links
Joe Strummer on IMDb
Obituary by Paul Bondon the World Socialist Web Site
Harrison, Brady. "The Cultural Offices of Joe Strummer." Iowa Journal of Cultural Studies1 (2002): 33-56.
The Legend Joe StrummerWeb Site
The Joe Strummer FoundationWeb Site

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