“H paypeoues om os Sawoo ,upno> spuatiy ano yo auios ang ypant ase] Aare B —— oo am 9 ‘sea oy a70yan Aes 03 Paploop ay pud ayy ur Inq SY SaeyT “gol sy 2y “UML aves ase] | WOU 8v ¢ “peaasuy Jay jfewt9 on paproap J ang “ouef ~ ——— Tp “pasnfur sem ay ang ‘Ya9m ase} stutOR — ome | pune UIE g -sdoys ay 01 08 02 aun oary 3UpEp pur Asng 4194 seat | anq Aepsasak saypoj> sou su0s momen g “pearsuy a> 4q 08 01 papioap a4 oy ang ‘UrEN Aq FRSA BREAST” OMT spac Aejd — ouoyd = sary dn ont ing, ssqaan Buymojos 243 + 0} Bul06 axamysem yA sasuanuas au ay>{duO H'Oz — os “ Ady, (an0 uray “heme dem uo] v st uoneas Jouad asorvau ayy “yues ays Ut yo] joxed aay Aaa st auayy “SuuALp axe sy pue Aon] p noe ~ ~ oo — == 30g aM, (fuss) ‘]0Y ap YBNosp wi BuywH0> st soem jo 20] Y “WO a4 Jo WoNOG ayp WE BOY e sI BIOqL, € - = eran ee 2H (a) “sainura gg. sorqer Kounol axp ang ‘¢p"g 3B 330m Ie aq 01 sey IHY “IsnoY Sry FuIAvDy SI WO} “Q¢"g StL _Z mo — oo ~RMebIRGe SAT (urea) Units 21-22 The future —» Appendix 3, (01-20¢ sa6ed) ¢1-01 sasioima jeuonsppy — (yer j 2ry) “our EE ‘sof ‘syueyt oN inva guodne ay 02 nos aye3 07 aur uem nox op nrg “ao ‘yodaye ayy oF yng 224 02 S190 90f ‘up we JOE] (anva] / 26) “ways y90P,0 6 anoge ae mm" YO zn ‘osor — Hinva aaySay amok sy awn seyaA (a4"2 /P) “ROK —~ - ‘woqqozd ou sary], “Surwou! mozzowos asodste ay 02 aut ayeI 01 ApogowIos post | zr] HAVE ‘Surwzowr asosz0wos aur]d ¥ Gores or UOdre ap o1 O8 02 sey jnEG 9 (ayem / 204) “dn kpogdaana ~ “9siou yom Os axEUEA,UOG YY N04 “Ascou st Puony nox, “daar aze asnoy ayn uy afdoad soya¢ ae] Axon atH0y aw0> puLy® pUE nO’ § (4ydde y rou / 1) “a x05 “ome OR SOK 211 pajsazoqu 21am nok gol ey INOge Op o1 TEAL papHap NOK aAeE{ 2 NOK “OB nos axoyaq rsHf “ypeM e a>YeI 01 paploop aAvy NOK os ‘Kep 29M e Say Z (98/1) cuny yp uouIOM easnf—:nOA gaseajd “wif 01 yeads | we “ofpH] activ ‘wif 01 yeads 1 siuem époqauiog ‘lamsue nod pue sBuis auoyd ayy, T 0} Buso6 10 (y1,) ym Buisn sasuaquas ayy ayajduioa pue suonenys ayy peay z'ez (op / ay) -asinos SurunuezBord saindusoo & “spam may © JOP Aepyoy Bm Cremeans oy, (2avy / 24) ~ ‘pouueyd sj Sunppisaag “sax {qooups saazaj ay waym Op O1 FEY poploap a0 seET (ey /39) -umop — Se 800] 11 ON, AE Sop ‘ayes Ar2A YOO] 3.ussOp woos sIyD Wl BUMTIID ay, A (op /1) mow a 30830} Ajaajduros | sqy asn 01 MOY MOLY 3,UOP |» : (éng 71) -rounyp 203 Sumpowos — _—~ “saK : eHuddoys F108 nok ary {Bmo# nos axe ausyyA * : (iuped / N04), gay ~~ Inojo> wy {nos aay ‘YQ + : ‘woot sip auredax 03 papioap 94,1 + (ysem 1) 300 oy - gaovean wlan soy}aNg rey BUyTY NOX axe AYA = (208 / 1) nos 305 uundse ue pur puosas e ateyy nod anrpy “oypepeoy & 108 aa {pus / 1) “sutos nos -~ Aar0m 3,HOP “fag {NOK YUOAEET “Xouow Aue 208 3,uaaey | “pastqear snl aa YQ (yoiem / 1) “smat ain ype ay BURGE QuoIstAsqa axp uo ButuIM Nos are AIL 2 10} 6406 40 (i,j! Buisn saouaquas ayy ay9|dwWoy "Ez €¢ wun S9S1949XJ‘These people are standing in a queue to get into the cinema. Half an hour from now, the cinema will be full. Everyone will be watching the film. ‘Three hours from now, the cinema will be empty. ‘The film will have finished. Everybody will have gone home. Twill be doing something (future continuous) = Iwill be in the middle of doing it 1 This time next week Pl be on holiday. I'll be lying on the beach or swimming in the sea. 7 You have no chance of getting the job. You'll be wasting your time if you apply for it. Compare will be (do)ing and will (do): | Don’t phone between 7 and 8. We'll be having dinner. © Let’s wait for Liz to arrive and then we'll have dinner. ‘Compare will be -ing with other continuous forms: 11 At 10 o'clock yesterday, Sally was in her office. She was working. (past) It’s 10 o’clock now. She is in her office. She is working. (present) ‘At 10 o'clock tomorrow, she will be in her office. She will be working. We also use will be -ing in a different way: to talk about complete actions in the future, For example: Tater in the 1 The government will be making a statement about programme I the crisis later today. be talking to 1 Will you be going away this summer? ‘G Later in the programme, I'l be talking to the Minister of Education 1 Our best player is injured and won't be playing in the game on Saturday. In these examples will be -ing is similar to (be) going to ... ‘We use will have (done) (fiture perfect) to say that something will already be complete before a time in the future. For example: 1 Sally always leaves for work at 8.30 in the morning. She won't be at home at 9 o’clock ~ she'll have gone to work. 5 We're late. The film will already have started by the time we get to the cinema, ‘Compare will have (done) with other perfect forms: i Ted and Amy have been married for 24 years. (present perfect) Next year they will have been married for 25 years. ‘When their son was born, they had been married for three years. 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He is playing tennis on Monday afternoon. He is going to the dentist on Tuesday morning. He is having dinner with Kate on Friday. In all these examples, Ben has already decided and arranged to do these things. I'm doing something (tomorrow) = I have already decided and arranged to do it: oa: What are you doing on Saturday evening? (not What do you do) T'm going to the theatre. (not I go) What time is Cathy arriving tomorrow? 8; Half past ten. I'm meeting her at the station. 1 Pm not working tomorrow, so we can go out somewhere. 3 Ian isn’t playing football next Saturday. He’s hurt his leg a Units 20, 23. Will > Units 21-22 Present simple after when/if ete. —> Unit 25a (01-80 sa6ed) ¢1-01 sasiosaxa jeuonppy — “STOE 38 (aayste) “or wen soy pure ure £q (]oavI3) “—"" ag “aNOsIOUIO? 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(9 mn soo Buuoss kepsoupay puy 2 om nn 1 Xepsany 100 ‘ON :n04 2uoys Bumuans Aepsany. snoge wey|A\ NOL wen GASTON BiAT wT” IN KAS NOR ¢Suqaaa Aepuoypy uo dUI09 NOX UR “WoL, “auod 3,419 HOA Aye UI OF UIEYdxa Pue shop maj yxoU ay} 40 AteIp anoA 3 YO] ‘AsNg Addn ate NOA yng ‘UIY YSIA 0} MOA SJUEM wo] Z-64 “yai0y © up ven Aq ‘on, “pusisy © qua ‘oN, “sepiny ON “shop wy, “puejiong “= (z4eIs / axoym) ~ “(geo &q / oxen) (g2uope / 08) (genvay woyn) {240} 08 / B40] soy) ‘BURGE HOR saw axa” (208 / az0ya) samt “SuoNsanb nok axeu 0} s}axVeIG UT spiom dy) asp, suejd 194 jnoge 494 Se no, “uoos Aepijoy uo O6 0} BuIuUeId 5} sunOA Jo puaty Y {64 6L Hun S3SIN19XJ40 (I'm) going to (do) Lam going to do something = I have already decided to do it, I intend to do it: A: Are you going to watch the late film on TV tonight? 3; No, I'm going to have an early night. Oa: [hear Sarah has won some money. What is she going to do with it? i; She's going to buy a new car. 0 Pm just going to make a quick phone call. Can you wait for me? © This cheese looks horrible. I'm not going to eat it. Tam doing and I am going to do “We use I am doing (present continuous) when we say what we have arranged to do — for example, arranged to meet somebody, arranged to go somewhere: 0 What time are you meeting Ann this evening? © Pm leaving tomorrow. I’ve got my plane ticket. Tam going to do something = I've decided to do it (but perhaps not arranged to do it): 15 "Your shoes are dirty.” ‘Yes, I know. I'm going to clean them.’ (= I've decided to clean them, but I haven’t arranged to clean them) 15 Tve decided not to stay here any longer. Tomorrow I’'m going to look for somewhere else to stay. Often the difference is very small and either form is possible. You can also say that ‘something is going to happen’ in the future. For example: ‘The man can’t see the wall in front of him. ZL, He is going to walk into the wall. ‘When we say that ‘something is going to happen’, the situation now makes this clear. The man is walking towards the wall now, so we can see that he is going to walk into it. G af "92 = % d & mel @ going to = <= a situation now future happening Some more examples: © Look at those black clouds! Ir’s going to rain, (the clouds are there now) (0 [feel terrible. I think I'm going to be sick. (I feel terrible now) 0 The economic situation is bad now and things are going to get worse. I was going to (do something) = I intended to do it, but didn’t do it: (2 We were going to travel by train, but then we decided to go by car instead. © Peter was going to do the exam, but he changed his mind. 2 I was just going to cross the road when somebody shouted ‘Stop!” You can say that ‘something was going to happen’ (but didn’t happen): © [thought it was going to rain, but it didn't. 1am doing for the future —> Unit 19 I will and I'm going to — Unit 23