Solutions Homework Assignment 13, MATH 426/526, Spring 09

√
Problem √ 43)
R ∞ (a) With f (x) = e−ωxR for ω > 0 and fc (x) = 2f (x) we get
∞
F̂c (k) = 2 0 e−ωx cos(kx)dx = √12 0 e−ωx (eikx + e−ikx )dx =
R ∞ −(ω−ik)x
√1
2 0
(e + e−(ω+ik)x )dx =
√
−(ω−ik)x ∞
 −(ω+ik)x ∞  2ω
√1 1 1 1
= √12 ( ω−ik 1
 
2 −(ω−ik)
e 0
+ −(ω+ik) e 0
+ ω+ik ) = ω2 +k 2

√ R∞ R∞ R
∞ ikx

(b) F̂c (x) = 2 0 cos(kx)dx
x2 +1 = √12 −∞ cos(kx)dx
x2 +1 = √12 Re −∞ ex2 +1dx
= √π2 e−|k| ,
where the last equlaity follows from the following calculations. For k ≥ 0 in-
tegration over the half-circle/diameter contour
h ikz i in the upper hal-plane gives:
R ∞ eikx dx eikz
−∞ x2 +1
e
= 2πiRes( z2 +1 ; i) = 2πi 2z = πe−k . For k < 0 integration
i R ∞ ikx dx
over the half-circle/diameter contour in the lower half-plane gives −∞ ex2 +1 =
ikz
h ikz i
−2πiRes( ze2 +1 ; −i) = −2πi e2z = πek .
−i

(c) Because of the symmetry of cos we can actually assume that ω, k ≥ 0. Then
√ R∞ R∞
F̂c (k) = 2 0 cos(ωx)x2cos(kx)dx
+1 = √12 −∞ cos(ωx)x2cos(kx)dx
+1 =
R ∞ iωx −ωx −ikx
R ∞ i(ω+k)x
1
√
4 2 −∞
(e +e )(e ikx
+e dx 1
) x2 +1 = 4 2 −∞ (e
√ + e−(ω+k)x +
ei(ω−k)x + e−i(ω−k)x ) x2dx
+1 . The remaining calculation of the integrals follows
from the usual contour integrals:h
R ∞ (ei(ω+k)x +e−i(ω+k)x )dx ei(ω+k)z
i h −i(ω+k)z i
1
2πi −∞ x2 +1 = 2z − e 2z = 1i e−i(ω+k) . For the
i −i h i(ω−k)z i
calculation of the other two integrals first consider k ≤ ω and get e 2z −
h −i(ω−k)z i i
e
2z = 1i e−(ω−k) . For k > ω a similar calculation gives 1i eω−k . Thus
−i
for k < ω we get F̂ (k) = √π2 e−ω cosh(k) while for k ≥ ω we get F̂ (k) =
√π
2
cosh(ω)e−k . Note that the result is symmetric with respect to changing ω
and k.

Solutions Additional Assignments 13 for MATH 526

d2 u
Problem G22) (a) From dx2 − ω 2 u = −f (x) we get by application of the
Fourier transformation (−k Û (k) − ω 2 Û (k) = −F̂ (k), or Û (k) = kF̂2 +ω
2 (k)
2.

1
R∞ 1
(b) u(x) = (f ?g)(x) = 2π −∞
F̂ (k)Ĝ(k)eikx dk, where Ĝ(k) = k2 +ω 2 . So we can

1
R ∞ e ikx
dk e −|x|ω
calculate g(x) = 2π −∞ k2 +ω2 = 2ω , using the result of Section 4.5, Problem
eixz
2 (a) for ω > 0. Note that in this case the singularities of z 2 +ω 2 hare at ±iω with
i −xω
eixz eixz
iω in the upper half-plane. Thus g(x) = iRes( z2 +ω2 ; iω) = i 2z = e 2ω
iω
 xω
for x ≥ 0 and for x < ω similarly we calculate e2ω . This shows that
Z ∞ Z ∞
1
u(x) = (f ? g)(x) = f (ζ)g(x − ζ)dζ = e−ω|x−ζ| f (ζ)dζ.
−∞ 2ω −∞