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Gallipoliti, Virginia A.
Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning - Exact Sciences and Surveying. . FAU: Las Heras No.
727 - (3500) Resistance - Chaco-. Tel: (54-722) 24114/26762 - Tel./Fax. +54 (03722)
425573/420088 - E - Mail: decano@arq.unne.edu.ar
Insulators are constructed with glass,
pastes or "compound" patented and
INTRODUCTION porcelain. For transmission lines
glass insulators only
The operation of a transmission line recommendable if they are built with
depends on large-scale isolation. In special heat resistant glass such as
good practice it requires that the arc Pyrex. Organic products, including
voltage dry complete insulators is compounds or pasta "compound" of
three to five times the rated operating organic origin, can not withstand the
voltage, and that the length of the line prolonged action of high voltages,
leak is approximately twice the especially if they are exposed to
shortest distance between points weather, so its use is limited to low
stresses the air. Modern orientations voltage installations inside buildings.
tend toward the upper limits,
especially when it comes to very high Support insulators or rigid
voltages. Special cases of fog, salt, insulators
powders or chemically laden air must
be studied separately. These insulators are constructed for
arc voltages up to 200 kV at 60 Hz,
DEVELOPMENT while it is rare to use arc voltages
above 180 kV (rated voltage 75 kv).
Insulators must not only have The reduced margin of isolation and
sufficient mechanical strength to the risk of applying such high
withstand a wide margin the loads stresses on a single insulator,
due to ice and wind that can relatively fragile, makes these
reasonably be expected, but should isolators are not used with voltages
be constructed to withstand severe greater than 66 kV.
mechanical conditions, lightning and
arc fed by stream service, without Suspension insulators
dropping the driver.
These isolators are used almost
Flashovers by contour isolator exclusively in lines over 66 kv, on
should be avoided in all cases, with long spans and heavy voltage
the exception of the beam, whatever conductors. Modern disks drives or
the conditions of humidity, cap and stem have been very
temperature, rain or snow, and the successful and have gradually
amount of dust commonly adopted to meet the needs of higher
accumulates to be cleaned by rain. voltages and heavier construction,
with simplicity and economy.
INSULATING MATERIALS Voltage arc contour chains
suspension insulators is almost
proportional to the distance to ground
in the air and approximately equal to
the arc voltage between rods with the
same distance, 60 hz and
overvoltages originating from the
maneuvers.
Figure 3
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[5] Standard Electrical Engineer
Manual, Section 13, Energy