Activity number 3: Maturity Indices for Perishable and Durables

Vina P. Rodrigueza February 12, 2018

III- BAT - ATE 1

Introduction

Maturity indices are signs or indications of the readiness of the plant for harvest. It is the basis for
determining harvest date. It involves assessment of some characteristics that changes as the crop
matures.it is a compromise between indices that ensure the best eating quality and those that provide
the needed flexibility in marketing. It is the sign of minimum acceptability for majority of consumers. The
characteristics of the commodity at different stages of maturity using a particular type of index are called
maturity standards.

Characteristics of a good index

A suitable maturity index should be a standard for minimum acceptability for color,size and other
characteristics important for a parutcular crop. The produce should be at its peak condition when it
reaches the final buyer. A good index should be (a) quick and easy to determine, (b) reliable, (c)
independent of ripeness for fruits , and (d) show a significant relationship with consumer acceptance.

Objectives :

1. To determine the maturity indices of perishable and durable crops.

2.To identify the different perishable and durable crops.

3. To

Root, Bulb, Tubers

Durable

1. onion (bulb)- harvest when 50-75% of the plant leaves fall down and neck is small.
2. potato- leaves turn dry; peel does not slip readily when rubbed with the thumb which indicates full
development of suberized skin.

3. carrots- depending upon variety, carrot become ready for harvesting within 100 to 120 days from
sowing. The desired size is the primary consideration in harvesting the roots. Generally, small to medium
sized carrots are preferred, at marketable stage carrots should have atleast 2.5 to 4 cm diameter at the
upper end.

4. garlic- harvest when leaves turn yellow and shape of the bulb is spherical, garlic is considered mature
at 105 days after planting; for long term storage, harvest garlic in not less than 115 days after planting.

5.cassava- Roots are typically sufficiently well-developed beginning 6 to 7 months after planting.Harvest
maturity is based on the root size desired by the market, as the roots age beyond a year, they become
woody and fibrous. Several randomly selected plants,representative of the entire field, should be
harvested beginning 6 months after planting to determine the average root size.Foliage senescence and
lower leaf yellowing can also be used as an indication of harvest maturity. When the lower foliage is
distinctly yellow and some leaves have dried up, it is likely the plants are mature enough for the roots to
be harvested.

Perishables

Root, Bulb and Tuber crops

1.