Microwave Engineering

Microwave and its Uses

Presented by Roshan Patroo & Benita Konglar

This Presentation is copyrighted ©
 Simple definition of Microwaves
By "microwaves" we mean a short electromagnetic
wave with the range of frequencies between about
1 GHz and about 300 GHz. (109 – 10 11) It was first
discovered by James Clerk Maxwell in 1864

 We will next see where microwaves is situated in the

Electromagnetic spectrum.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Microwaves were first used for radar in WWII.
(1939-1945) The development of microwaves is
only one step of the gradual evolution of the
concept and application of electromagnetic
waves. Maxwell formulated a set of equations
supporting all electromagnetic phenomena,
which became known as Maxwell's equations.
Hertz's experiment proved further
generalizations and applications which led to the
development of the microwave oven.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Medical use:
 In some cases microwaves relieve symptoms better than
drugs. The use of microwaves is safer than surgery. For
example, the wave can heat enlarged prostates,
therefore killing extra tissue.
 Chinese experts in Shangai have successfully used
microwave radiation to prevent leukoplakia from
developing into cancer.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Industrial use:
Microwaves can decrease air pollutants, disinfect
hospital waste, improve dry cleaning solvents, and clean
up contaminated soil.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Scientific use:
Satellite communications have used microwaves in the
past. Scientists use microwaves to make chalcopyrite
(CuFeS2), a semi-conductor, made of copper.
Microwaves can also be used to remove materials, and
chemicals that can be used for analysis. Microwaves in
space are used by astronomers to learn about the
structure of nearby galaxies, and our own Milky Way.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Communication use:
Microwaves are used in cellular phones,
telephones, telegraphs, television, and satellites.
The main drawback of microwave signals in this
field is that they can be affected by weather,
especially rain.

 Simple demonstration where

microwaves are used for
television broadcasting using
Direct Broadcast Satellite(DBS)

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 Uses of Microwaves
Radio Communication:
 According to Electronic Communications System: Approximately
35% of all terrestrial communication is maintained by microwave
radio relay systems.

 A Radio communication system using microwave does not require

physical cables or expensive attenuation equipment and
mountains, hills and rooftops provide inexpensive and accessible
bases for microwave transmission towers.

There are various reasons for using microwaves to transmit data

for communication and there are reasons for not doing so.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Advantages:
 Able to transmit large quantities of data.
 capacity to broadcast great quantities of information because of
their higher frequencies.
 Relatively low cost.
 relatively low construction costs compared with other forms of
data transmission, such as wire-line technologies. A microwave
communication system does not require physical cables or
expensive attenuation equipment (devices that maintain signal
strength during transmission).

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 Uses of Microwaves
Disadvantages:
 Line of Sight Technology.
 This drawback limits microwave communication systems to line
of sight operating distances. Signals flow between one fixed
point to another, provided no solid obstacle disrupts the flow.
 Subject to Electromagnetic and Other Interference.
 Microwave signal disruption EMI is caused by electric motors,
electric power transmission lines, wind turbines, television/radio
stations and cell phone transmission towers.
 Microwave radio communication is also affected by
heavy moisture, snow, vapor, rain and fog.

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 Uses of Microwaves
As mentioned before microwaves are also used
in Microwave ovens.
 The microwave works by using radiation to vibrate food
on a molecular level. This movement causes friction and
results in the quick heating and cooking of food items.

 There are significant advantages to using a microwave,

but there are a few disadvantages too.

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 Uses of Microwaves
Microwave Ovens Advantage:
 The foods are heated very quickly while still being in
the plate.
Microwave Ovens Disadvantage:
 According to the University of Texas Health Science
Center at Tyler, heating foods in a microwave inside
plastic containers not specifically designed for use
with a microwave can lead to the transfer of
potentially dangerous chemicals from the container
into the food.

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 Microwaves
We conclude that microwaves are used in various
fields in our everyday life and play an important role
in our modern society.

Thank you
for your attention!

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 References
http://www.sqa.org.uk/e-learning/NetTechDC01CCD/page_44.htm
http://www.google.mu/search?hl=en&rlz=1B3MOZA_enMU392MU393&defl=en&q=d
efine:Microwaves&sa=X&ei=HFx1TNrAK9GkOOXzoZcG&ved=0CBQQkAE
http://www.wikipedia.com
http://www.ece.rutgers.edu/~orfanidi/ewa/

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