INTERVIEW QUESTION FOR”HANA ADMIN”

1. What is sap hana backup and recovery?

SAP HANA holds the bulk of its data in memory for maximum performance, but it
still uses persistent storage to provide a fallback in case of failure. After a power
failure, the database can be restarted like any disk-based database and returns
to its last consistent state. To protect against data loss resulting from hardware
failure, backups are required. Both native backup/recovery functions, an
interface for connecting 3rd party backup tools and support for storage
snapshots are available. For recovery, SAP HANA offers many different options,
including point-in-time recovery.

2. How to perform backup and recovery operations?

During a regular operation, data is by default stored to the disk at savepoints in

SAPHANA. As soon as there is any update and transaction, logs become active
and get saved from the disk memory. In case of power failure, the database
restarts like any other DB returning to the last save point log state. SAP HANA
requires backup to protect against disk failure and reset DB to the previous
state. The backups simultaneously as the users keep performing their tasks.

3. What are the various components of SAP HANA Administration?

 SAP HANA Studio

 SAP HANA Application Cloud
 SAP HANA Cloud
 Sap HANA DB

4. What’s new with SPS09 - Admin Features?

 SAP HANA Cockpit - Web-based tool for administration and monitoring of

a single SAP HANA Database.
 SAP DB Control Center - Web-based tool for administration and
monitoring of your landscape of SAP Database.
 New/Enhanced Monitoring Views
 SAP HANA Multitenant Database Containers
 Improved Resource Monitoring

5. What are the system privileges needs for sap hana backup?
Order to do a backup; the user will need the following privileges

 BACKUP ADMIN or BACKUP OPERATOR

 CATALOG READ

You can perform a full data backup through HANA Studio and also through
SQL Statements.
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6. What is the SQL Command for Backups?

The SQL Command to perform a full data backup follows the syntax:

BACKUP DATA USING FILE ('<name of backup>')

7. What is Recovery in sap hana?
To recover a SAP HANA database, the database needs to be shut down. During
recovery, the database therefore cannot be accessed by end users or
applications.
It may be necessary to recover the SAP HANA database in the following
situations:

 A disk in the data area is unusable.

 A disk in the log area is unusable.
 As a consequence of a logical error, the database needs to be reset to its
state at a particular point in time.
 You want to create a copy of the database.

8. What are the different types of recovery?

 Most Recent State: Used for recovering the database to the time as close
as possible to the current time. For this recovery the data backup and log
backup have to be available since last data backup and log area are
required to perform the above type recovery
 Point in Time: Used for recovering the database to the specific point in
time. For this recovery the data backup and log backup have to be
available since last data backup and log area are required to perform the
above type recovery
 Specific Data Backup: Used for recovering the database to a specified
data backup. Specific data backup is required for the above type of
recovery option.
 Specific Log Position: This recovery type is an advanced option that can
be used in exceptional cases where a previous recovery failed.

9. What are the restrictions for recovery in sap hana?

Restrictions for Recovery:

 A SAP HANA database cannot be recovered to a SAP HANA database

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with a lower software version. The SAP HANA database software

version used for the recovery must always be the same version or
higher than the SAP HANA database used to create the backup.
 There can be any number of hosts in the target system, provided that
the number and type of services is identical in both the source and the
target system.
 With SAP HANA multi-tenant database containers, recovery using
snapshots is not supported yet. Tenant databases can be recovered via
the relevant system database only.

10. What are the supported flat forms for sap hana client software?

The SAP HANA client software can be installed on a variety of platforms. The
following platform types are supported:

● AIX
● HP-UX
● Linux
● Microsoft Windows
● Solaris
11. How do you perform BW-on-HANA Migration?

DMO- Database Migration. This is a new feature available in SUM(Software

Update Manager Tool).

12. How do you install SAP HANA?

HDBLCM Tool - To install individual or multiple Hana Server Component.

13. How many VMs are supported on a single HANA Production System?

Multiple SAP HANA Virtual Machines on a Single server are only supported today
in non-production environments.

14. What are the different perspectives available in HANA Studio?

 Administrator
 Modeler
 Development
 Debug
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16. What are the different editions available in HANA appliance Software?

 Platform Edition
 Enterprise Edition

17. How do you update SAP HANA Studio/Client & HANA Revisions?

Use HDBLCM Tool

1. Stop all processes
2. Make a System Backup if necessary
3. Perform an update
4. Update the depending Components
5. Perform the post update steps
6. Restart all processes
18. What is the maximum database size for virtual SAP HANA Appliance?

1 TB RAM
Cold Data can reside on disk for virtualized SAP HANA databases greater than 1
TB.

19. What are the critical services HANA DB Server Consists?

 Index Server
 Name Server
 Statistics Server
 Preprocessor Server
 XS Engine

20. What is Multi version concurrency control (MCC or MVCC)?

Multi version concurrency control (MCC or MVCC),is a concurrency control

method commonly used by database management systems to provide
concurrent access to the database and in programming languages to implement
transactional memory.

If someone is reading from a database at the same time as someone else is

writing to it, it is possible that the reader will see a half-written
or inconsistent piece of data. There are several ways of solving this problem,
known as concurrency control methods.
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21. Differentiate between HANA and IMDB?

HANA is the name for the current BI appliance (HANA 1.0) and the BW Data
Warehouse appliance (HANA 1.0 SP03). Both use the SAP IMDB Database
Technology (SAP HANA Database) as their underlying RDBMS. SAP can be
expected to start to differentiate this more clearly as it starts to position the
technology for use cases other than Analytics.
22. Define Modeling Studio in SAP Hana Administration.

Modeling Studio is an operational tool in SAP HANA based on Eclipse

development and administration, which includes live project creation. The SAP
HANA Studio further builds development objects and deploys them, to access
and modify data models like HTML and JavaScript files. It also handles various
data services to perform data input from SAP warehouse and other related
databases. Responsible for scheduling data replication tasks.

23. How to create ODBC Connection in the Administrator Tool

Creating an ODBC Connection in the Administrator Tool:

The Data Integration Service uses database connections to process

integration objects for the Analyst tool and the Developer tool. Integration
objects include mappings, data profiles, scorecards, and SQL data services.

1. Select the Domain tab, and click Connections.

2. In the Domain Navigator, click Actions > New > Connection.
3. Select the connection type ODBC.
4. Click OK.
5. Configure the connection properties.
6. Click Test Connection to verify the connection.
7. Click Finish.

24. How to Install the SAP HANA ODBC Driver?

SAP HANA ODBC drivers are packaged with the SAP HANA client software.
Install the client software for the SAP HANA database system. The client
software includes the drivers needed to connect to the database. Install the SAP
HANA database client, version 1.00.49 or later. Download the SAP HANA client
software from the SAP Software Download Center. You must have an account
with SAP to download the software. In the United States, you can download the
SAP HANA client from the following site:
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https://hanadeveditionsapicl.hana.ondemand.com/hanadevedition/ Install the

SAP HANA client software on the following machines: Servers where the Power
Center Integration Service or the Data Integration Service run. Machines where
Informatica client software is installed.

25. Explain the concept of persistence layer?

The persistence layer in SAP HANA handles all logging operations and
transactions for secured backup and data restoring. This layer manages data
stored in both rows and columns and provides steady save points. Built on the
concept of persistence layer of SAP’s relational database, it ensures successful
dataresources.
Besides managing log data on the disk, HANA’s persistence layer allows read and
write data operations via all storage interfaces.

26. Mention what is the role of the persistence layer in SAP HANA?

SAP HANA has an in-memory computing engine and access the data
straightaway without any backup. To avoid the risk of losing data in case of
hardware failure or power cutoff, persistence layer comes as a savior and stores
all the data in the hard drive which is not volatile.