Music of Mindanao

Music of Islamic Filipino

Islamic Cultural Groups
Badjao- Sulu
Ilanun – Sulu, Tawi Tawi
Jama Mapun- Sulu
Maguindanao- Maguindanao, Cotabato, SK
Maranao –Lanao, Bukidnon
Samal- Sulu
Tausug-Sulu
Yakan- Basilan
Characteristics of Islamic Music
Melisma singing
Song Phrases
Narrow singing
Fluid singing
Tremolo
Strained Voice
Nasal Enunciation
Vocal Music
Life Cycle
Langan Bata Bata- Lullabye of
Tausug.
Tarasul- Tausug song of advice
to wedded couple.
Dekir- death song of Maranao.
Dekil- Maguindanao dirge in vigil.
Religious Chants
Salathul Juma- Friday prayer chant
Tarawe- chant during the
Ramadan

Folk Epic
Rajah Indarapatra- Maguindanao
Darangen- Maranao
Music of Non-Islam Filipino
Non-Islam Cultural Groups
Bagobo- Davao Gulf and Davao Region
Bilaan – Davao Gulf
Kalagan – Davao Gulf
Mandaya – Davao Region
Mansaka – Davao Region
Manobo – Bukidnon, Agusan Del Sur, Cotabato
Matigsalug- Bukidnon
Subanon- Zamboanga peninsula
Tiruray- SOCCSARGEN Region,
T’boli – South Cotabato
Vocal Music
Life Cycle
Bua - Lullabye of Subanon.
Uyug- Uyug – Lullabye of
Mansaka.
Yadadang- Lullabye of Bilaan
Manambay- Chant on
circumscision ritual of Subanon
Kambong- love incantation of
Manobo
Life Cycle
Sinda-ay- Weddingchant sung
before inviting the groom’s party to
enter the bride’s house.
Balow– song for a dead husband of
Matigsalug.
Iring Iring- Manobo song sung on
wakes
Ulag Ing- lament song of Manobo
Occupational Song
Gago Napu- song for either hunting
or fishing of Subanon
Balatuking– Manobo harvest song
Ritual Song
Diwata- for curing ceremony of
Subanon
Pamasag- for victory celebration of
Manobo
Pangan Do- for thanksgiving of
Manobo
1-6 Islamic Cultural Groups
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7-14 Non-Islam Cultural Groups
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Rearranged the scrambled
letters to find the answer
15. nganla taba taba- Lullabye
of Tausug.
16. rasulta- Tausug song of
advice to wedded couple.
17.kired- death song of
Maranao.
18.kdeil- Maguindanao dirge in
vigil.
19. lasathul muja- Friday
prayer chant
20.ratawe- chant during
the Ramadan
21.jahra daintrapa-
Maguindanao
22.randagen- Maranao
23.abu- Lullabye of Subanon.
24.yugu- yugu – Lullabye of
Mansaka.
25.dadayang- Lullabye of
Bilaan
26.nambamay- Chant on
circumscision ritual of
Subanon
27. nidsa-ya- Wedding
chant sung before inviting
the groom’s party to enter
the bride’s house.
28.lobaw– song for a dead
husband of Matigsalug.
29.aggo puna- song for
either hunting or fishing
of Subanon
30..watadi- ritual song of
Subanon for curing
ceremony.
The Musical Instruments of
Mindanao
 CHORDOPHONES
(STRINGED INSTRUMENTS)
A chordophone is any musical
instrument
which makes sound by way of a
vibrating string
or strings stretched between
two points
 TWO STRINGED-LUTE
02/16/15

Mansaka-Binarig Bukidnon – “katyapi”

Bilaan-Faglong Subanen – “kutapi”
T'boli-Hagelong or
hegalong Tiruray -“fegerong”
Mansaka -Kudlong  Ata – “kudlung”
Manobo - Kudlong, Bagobo – “kodlong”
kdlung, kutyapi
Maranao-Kutyapi Maguindanao-
Kudyapi
Kudyapi - is a guitar with two strings. It is about 1 1/2
m long and made of wood. It has a stick to support in its lower
end and is played in the same position as cello.
 02/16/15

KUDLUNG
 side view

an
Ethnic group: B'la
anao
Location: SE Mind
art)
(christian / animist p
Classification
tringed
Chordophone, two s
boat lute

Kudlung, top view

Kudlung, the head with the handle for fine

tuning
Saluroy- is a bamboo
polychordal tube zither of Bagobo .It
is called as kolitong in Cordillera
region.
Aduwag-ay -one -stringed fiddle
instrument of Bilaans also called Kugot
(Agusan-Manobo) and Duwagey (T'boli)
 AEROPHONES
(WIND INSTRUMENTS)
is any musical instrument which
produces sound primarily by causing a
body of air to vibratewithout the use of
strings or membranesand without the
vibration of the instrument itself adding
considerably to the sound.
Sahunay - is a bamboo flute, leaving
six holes for the fingers and trumpet made of
coconut leaf.
It is about 50
cm long and 3 cm
in diameter. This
is a bamboo flute
of the Tausugs in
Sulu.
Palendag- A lip-valley flute, it is considered the toughest of the
three bamboo flutes (the others being the tumpong and the suling) to
use because of the way one must shape one's lips against its tip to
make a sound.The construction of the mouthpiece is such that the lower
end is cut diagonally to accommodate the lower lip and the second
diagonal cut is make for the blowing edge.
is a type of Philippine bamboo
flute, the largest one used by the
Maguindanaon, a smaller type of this
instrument is called the
Hulakteb (Bukidnon).

Other names:
Bunabon- Mandaya
Hlandag- T’boli
Palundag- Bilaan
Tanggab and Tulali- Subanon
Pulalu – Manobo and Mansaka
Palandag- Bagobo
Pulala- Bukidnon
Suling- ring flute of Bilaan and Tiruray,
Maguindanao, Samal, Tausug and Yakan
-is the smallest bamboo flute of the Maguindanaon and the
only one classified as a ring-flute (the other two bamboo
flutes of the Maguindanaon, the tumpong and the palendag
are both lip-valley flutes).

Other names for the suling include:

Lantey (Ata),
Kinsi (Bukidnon),
Dagoyong (Higanon)
Babarak (Palawan)
 IDIOPHONES
(PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS)
An idiophone is any musical instrument
which creates sound primarily by way of
the instrument's vibrating, without the
use of strings or membranes
Most percussion instruments which are
not drums are idiophones.
Kulintang is a term with various meanings, all
related to the melody-playing gong row. Technically,
the term kulintang is the Maguindanao word for
eight gong kettles which are laid horizontally upon a
rack creating an entire kulintang set called
apasangan. This idiophone functions as a
lead/central melodic instrument for the entire
ensemble.
Other names:
Kulintang - Bilaan, Subanon,
Maguindanao, Maranao, Samal,
and Jama
Klintang- T’boli
Kwintangan- Yakan
Kulintang - is a set of eight knobbed gongs in
graduated sizes from largest to smallest mounted in a
wooden frame, about a meter long. Muslim carvings
decorated the frame. The kulintang is played by striking
the gongs with two pieces of wood, about 12 inches long
while the player squats on the floor. The instruments is
popular in Sulu.
Gabbang - is similar to a xylophone. It is
made of wooden box with one end wider than
the other, and with an open top. Across top,
wooden bars of different lengths are placed to
fit the shape of the box, about 1 cm from each
other. It is
played by
striking the
wooden bars
with a wooden
hammer. This
instruments is
popular in Sulu.
 Gabbang
Description
Front view
Xylophone with 17
keys made of bamboo,
separated by metal
Top view nails. The resonating
case is dcorated with
floral motives. At the
sides are two mirrors.
The beaters are made
of wood with a piece of
tube rubber
The two beaters
Dimensions: length:
102 cm., width: 51 cm.
height: 37 cm.
 The Gabbang can be played as a solo
instrument. Sometimes a duo is formed with a
'biula', a local violin.

The resonating case, decorated with floral

A Taosug woman plays the gabbang. motives
Gandingan a Kayo (translated means,
“wooden gandingan,” or “gandingan made of
wood”) is a Philippine xylophone and
considered the wooden version of the
real gandingan. This instrument is a relatively
new instrument coming of age due to the
increasing popularity
of the “wooden
kulintang ensemble,”
Kulintang a Kayo
This is a wooden xylophone of the Maguindanao
people.
Kulintang a Kayo (literally, “wooden kulintang”) is a
Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people with eight
tuned slabs arranged horizontally atop a wooden antangan
(rack). Made of soft wood such as bayug, the kulintang a kayo
is a common found among Maguindanaon households with a
musical background. Traditionally, it was used for self-
entertainment purpose inside the house, so beginners could
practice kulintang pieces before performing them on the real
kulintang and only recently
have they been performed
as part of a “wooden
kulintang ensemble.”
Agung – is a set a two wide rimmed bossed-
gongs hangs from horizontal pole or wooden frame.
It is used by the Maguindanao, Maranao, Samal-
Bajau and Tausug people of the Philippines
The larger, lower pitched gong of the two is called
the pangandungan by the Maguindanao and
the p'nanggisa-an by the Maranao. Played on the
musician's right, it provides the main part, which it
predominantly played on the accents of the rhythmic
structure.
The smaller, higher
pitched gong, the thicker
of the two, is called the
panentekan by the
Maguindanao and
the p'malsan or
pumalsan by the
Maranao.
The agung is usually performed while standing beside
the instrument, holding
the upper edge of its
flange between the
thumb and other fingers
with the left hand while
striking the knob with the
right hand. The mallets,
called balu, are made
from short sticks about
half a foot in length and
padded with soft but
tough material such as
rubber at one end.
Gandingan - is a set of four small narrow- rimmed
and suspended gongs. They hang in pairs with the knobs of
the lower pitched gongs facing each
other. The same with the two
higher pitched gongs. The pair
of lower pitched gongs is
positioned on the player's left
side while the pair of the higher
pitched gongs is on the right.
The player usually a woman who
stands between the two pair
of gongs. Her body touches
slightly the gong in the middle
to prevent from swinging. She
uses two padded mallets
Gandingan
When integrated into the ensemble, it functions as a
secondary melodic instrument after the main melodic
instrument, the kulintang. When played solo, the
gandingan allows fellow Maguindanao
to communicate with each other,
allowing them to send messages or
warnings via long distances.
This abilityto imitate tones of the
Maguindanaolanguage using this
instrument has given the gandingan
connotation: the “talking gongs.
Babandil- is a single, narrow-
rimmed Philippine gong used primarily as the
“timekeeper” of the Maguindanao kulintang ensemble.

Also called:
Babendir- (Maguindanao)
Babandir - (Maranao),
Babandir - (Tagbanwa, Batak,
Palaw’an),
Banendir and Tungtung,-
(Tausug),
Salimbal - (Samal)
Mapindil - (Yakan
Bubundi- Mansaka
Babandil
It is struck with thin bamboo sticks to
produce a metallic sound.
There are three ways to play the babendil.
1. by striking the rim of the suspended
gong with a pair of sticks on the left hand.
2. by striking the gong's rim with the right
hand using one stick while the left hand
grasps the rim.
3. by laying the instruments upside and
striking the gong's rim with the two sticks.
Kagul is a type of Philippine bamboo scraper gong/slit
drum of the Maguindanaon and Visayans with a jagged edge
on one side, played with two beaters, one scarping the
jagged edge and the other one making a beat.
The Maguindanaon and the Banuwaen use it in the rice
paddies to guard against voracious birds, using the sound it
produces to scare them away.The Maguindanaon and
theBukidnon also use it
for simple dance rhythms
during social occasions.

It is also called:
Garakot ( Maranao)
Tagutok (Yakan)
Bantula or Tagungtung
–(Bukidnon)
Tagutok/ Kagul
Kulintang a Tiniok is a type
of Philippine metallophone with eight tuned knobbed
metal plates strung together via string atop a wooden
antangan (rack). Kulintang a tiniok is
a Maguindanaon term meaning “kulintang with string”
but they also could call them kulintang a putao,
meaning “kulintang of
metal.” The Maranao
refer to this instrument
as a sarunay
(or salunay, salonay,
saronay, saronai,
sarunai), terminology
which has become
popular for this
instrument in America.
Kubing –it is a bamboo jaw harp of Tiruray. These
have become one of the most popular jaw harps
internationally due to their highly responsive sound and
ornate designs. In the hands of a good player the kubing is
capable of a vast number of sounds and timbres. This
kubing was collected in Manila in 1987.
Other names:
Kumbing –Bagobo
Lideng- Bilaan
Kobing- Maranao and Samal
Kulaing – Tausug and Yakan
Kubing
Ethnic group: Atta
Location: SE Mindanao
Classification: Idiophone, jaw harp
Description
Made of bamboo; Made of
bamboo; the instrument is held
horizontally with the bamboo
tongue in front of the opened
mouth. The left end is hit by the
thumb of the right hand. This
makes the bamboo tongue vibrate
which causes a sound. The mouth
serves as a resonator and by
changing the shape and size of the
mouth opening, the overtones can
be changed, thus creating a
melody. By strongly breathing in
or out the volume can be changed Quintik Ofong plays the kubing (T'boli)
as well.
Dimensions: length: 20,8 cm.,
width: 1 cm.
 MEMBRANOPHONES
(DRUM INSTRUMENTS)
Dabakan - is a goblet -shaped drum of
Maguindanao and Maranao, which has
a single head covered
with goat, lizard or
snakeskin. It is struck
withtwo thin bamboo
sticks about
18 inches in length.
Dadabuan

Ethnic group: Maranao

Location: West central Mindanao (muslim
south)

Classification
Membranophone, hour glass shaped drum

Description
Hour glass shaped drum
made of wood; the
membrane is made of
carabao skin. Decorated with
carvings and painted. The
drum is part of the
Kulintang ensemble.
Dimensions: height: 59 cm.
diameter (membrane): 19
cm.
Gandang - is a two-headed cylindrical drum of
Tausug, Samal, Badjao, Maranao and Maguindanao.
Called as Kendang in other South East Asian
countries. It is one of the primary instruments
used in the
Gamelan
ensembles
ofJava, Bali
and Terengganu.
Gandang
Ensemble – small
groups of instrument
played simultaneously.
Pala Buni Bunyan- Maguindanao
ensemble consisted of five instruments the
kulintang, agung, gandingan, dabakan and
babendil/ babandir
Kulintang ensemble

The complete ensemble

Tagunggo – Yakan
ensemble is made up of
brass kwintangan, gabbang,
set of 3 agung and bamboo
slit drum called Tagutok.
 I. Identify the
instrument.Rearrange
the scrambled letters
to find the answer:
1. anggand - is a two-headed
cylindrical drum of Tausug, Samal,
Badjao, Maranao and Maguindanao.
2. atutgok - is a type
of Philippine bamboo scraper or bamboo slit
drum
3.dabanbil- is a single, narrow-
rimmed Philippine gong used primarily as the
“timekeeper” of the Maguindanao kulintang ensemble.
4. nadgingan - is a set of four
small narrow- rimmed and suspended gongs
usually
played by a
woman.
5.ganug – is a set a two wide
rimmed bossed-gongs hangs from
horizontal pole or wooden frame.
6. lintakngu a yoka (literally,
“wooden kulintang”) is a
Philippine xylophone of the
Maguindanaon people with eight tuned
slabs arranged horizontally atop a
wooden rack
7. ndinagdan a yoka
(translated means, “wooden
gandingan,” or “gandingan made of
wood”) is a Philippine xylophone and
considered the wooden version of the
real gandingan.
8.bagbang – is a wooden
xylophone
9.lintakngu - is a set of eight
knobbed gongs in graduated sizes from
largest to smallest mounted in a wooden
frame.
10.lisngu- ring flute of
Bilaan and Tiruray,
Maguindanao, Samal, Tausug
and Yakan
11.alpandagu- A lip-valley
flute, of Bilaan.
12.ugkot -one -stringed
fiddle instrument of Agusan-
Manobo
13.duyakpi - is a guitar with two
strings shaped like a boat.
14.luroyas- is a
bamboo polychordal tube zither
of Bagobo .It is called as kolitong
in Cordillera region.
15.binguk –it is a
bamboo jaw harp of Tiruray.
 Hi! I’m Elmer
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