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Central Institue of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Field
Station , GKVK PO, Bangalore, 560 065, India
Published online: 09 Dec 2011.
To cite this article: Gopal R. Mallavarapu , Laxmi Rao & Srinivasaiyer Ramesh (2000) Volatile
Constituents of the Leaf and Fruit Oils of Murraya koenigii Spreng., Journal of Essential Oil
Research, 12:6, 766-768, DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2000.9712211
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J. &sC!nt. Oil Res., 12,766-768 ( N o v / ~ ) ~ c 2000)
Abstract
'Ihe essential oils ofthc leaves and fruits o f M f r v u y ukoenigii Spreng. were analyzed
by GC and GUMS. Forty-eight constituents of the leaf oil representing 95%)of the oil
and 42 constituents o f the fruit oil accounting for 98.5%)of the oil have been identified.
'I'hc major constituents of the leaf oil were a-pincnc (9.0%).a-phckandrcnc (6.1%I),
~-plicllandrcnc(50.la%)), (li)-p-ocimcnc (7.1%) and pcxyophyllcnc (4 .YH)). 'Ihc main
constituents o f the fruit oil were a-pincnc (48.1W , p-pincnc (7.1%),myrccnc (3.1%),
P-phcllandrcnc (26.0%), y-terpincnc (3.0%))and pcaryophyllcnc (3.o%)).
Key Word Index
Mftrru.yu koenigii, Kutaccac, curry leaf, essential oil composition, a-pincnc,
a-phcllandrcnc, P-phcllandrcne.
Plant Name
Murru.yu koenigii Spreng., also known as Indian curry leaf tree.
Source
'I'hc fresh leaf and fruit were collected from the tree grown in a house yard in Rangdore. 'The voucher
specimens have been deposited in CIMAP I'ield Station, kangalore.
Plant Parts
Fresh leaves and unripe fruits were subjected to hydrodistillation in Cievenger-type apparatus
separately for 4-5 h. The yields of the oils were 0.18%(leaf) and O./iO%)(fruit). The oils were dried over
anhydrous Na,SO, before subjecting them t o GC and ( W M S analyses.
Previous Work
The leaf oil of M . komfgff has been the subject of several studies earlier (1-1 1). To our knowledge,
there arc no reports on the composition of M . b e n i g i i fruit oil.
Present Work
The leaf and fruit oils were analyzed by <iC and (;<;/MS. Gas chromatography was carried out on
I'crkin Elmer 8500 gas chromatograph equipped with 1'11) using 13P-1 (dimethyl polysiloxanc) and
131'-20 (Oarbowax 20M) (25 m x 0.5 mm; 0.25 pm film thickness). Nitrogen was used as carrier gas at
a tlow rate of 4 0 ml./min and 1 0 psi inlet pressure. 'kmperaturc program: 60°-2200<:at 'jo(:/rnin.
(131'-1) and 6O0-20O0C at 5OWrnin (131'-20). Split ratio 1:80.GC/MS analysis was performed on I Icwlctt-
I'ackard 5890 gas chromatograph interfaced with quadrupolc mass spectrometer MSA 5970 using
Table 1. Chemical composition of the leaf and fruit oils of Murraya koenigii
RI Area percentage
Compound BP-1 BP-20 Leaf Fruit
tricyclene 921 1003 t
a-thujene 925 1017 0.1 0.2
a-pinene 937 1021 9.0 48.1
camphene 947 1057 0.2 0.4
sabinene 969 1115 0.2 0.1
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lIl’-l ultra 2 (5% methyl silicone) fused capillary column (15 m x 0.2 mm; 0.25 pm film thickness).
’I‘cmpcraturc program as for GC above was used. MS operating conditions: 70 cV: ion source
temperature 25OOC. Compounds were identified by comparison o f the retention indices of the peaks
on IxNh apokar and polar columns with those reported in literature (12-14), I>y peak enrichment on
coinjcction with authentic standards wherever possildc and by comparison of the mass spectral
fngrmcnts with literature values (1 5-1 5). I’cak arc;i percentages were calculated withoiit applying
correction factors on 131’-1 column.
GC and CX:/MS andlyScS o f the oils o f the leaf and fruit of M. koeizigli enabled the identification of
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48 constituents of the leaf oil and 43 constituents o f the fruit oil. ’I’hc identified compounds arc listed
in ‘I‘ablcI.’I‘hc oils of both leaf and fruit contained similar constituents. ‘I‘hcleaf oil had a-pincnc ($).O%)),
a-phclkanckne (6.1%),limoncnc (5.1%1), P-phddndrenc MI), (E)-P-ocimcnc (7.1%)and P-caryophyllcnc
(4.9%)) as major constituents, whcrcas the fruit oil contained a-pinenc (48.1%1),P-pincne (7.1%))and
P-phcllandrcnc (24.4%)as the major constituents. 13oththe oils were rich in monotcrpcncs (83.$)-$)3.o%).
‘I‘hc leaf oil of the present study had a different composition from the one we reported earlier ( 1 1).
While the oil in the present study has P-phcllandrcnc as the main constituent, the oil of leaf in our earlier
study contained sabincnc, a-pincnc, tcrpincn-4-ol as the major constituents. ’I‘crpincn-4-olwas found
only as ii major constituent in the present study. ’Iliis present study corrolmrates our observation that
the plant M. koci?igii exists in different chemical forms. ’I‘his is the first report o f the isolation and
composition o f the fruit oil of M. kwi?igfi.
Acknowledgments
’I’lieauthors are thdnkhd to 1)r. Sushi1 Kumar. Director for his interest and encouragement. also thankful to 1)r.
A. Vcnkateswarlu and I h . G . Om Hcddy of Dr. Ileddy Ilcsearch I:ouncalion, I-lyderabad for the GUMS of the oils.
and lo Mr. I.. <:hdndrdSekhJr for the generous gili of the plant materials.
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