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4𝑛 − 5
𝑛+2
4n − 5 −1 3 7 11 15 19
= {, , , , , , ...}
n+2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4(1) − 5 −1
= = −0.333
1+2 3
4(2) − 5 3
= = 0.75
2+2 4
4(3) − 5 7
= = 1.4
3+2 5
4(4) − 5 11
= = 1.83
4+2 6
4(5) − 5 15
= = 2.1
5+2 7
4(6) − 5 19
= = 2.37
6+2 8
C.S =2
C.I =-0
Problema 1.
Desarrollo
𝑎1 = 3
𝑎2 = 3 ∗ 3 = 9
𝑎3 = 9 ∗ 3 = 27
La ecuación de n términos
𝑎4 = 𝑎1 ∗ 𝑟 𝑛−1
Hallamos la razón
𝑎2
𝑟=
𝑎1
9
𝑟=
3
𝑟=3
Razón
𝑟=3
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 ∗ 𝑟 𝑛−1
𝑎8 = 3 ∗ 38−1
𝑎8 = 3 ∗ 38−1
𝑎8 = 3 ∗ 37
Por medio de la fórmula n términos, hallamos el total de las bacterias producidas en 8
horas.
𝑎𝑛 (𝑟 − 𝑎1 )
𝑠𝑛 =
𝑟−1
3 ∗ 37 (2 − 3)
𝑠𝑛 =
2−1
6561
𝑠𝑛 =
1
𝑠𝑛 = 6561 𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑒𝑛 8 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑠
𝑁𝑜, 𝑦𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒 115.000 > 6561
Por medio de logaritmos hallamos el tiempo requerido para producir un valor superior
a 115.000 bacterias
115000 = 3 ∗ 3𝑛
115000 = 3𝑛
log 115000 = log 3𝑛
log 115000 = 𝑛 ∗ log 3
log 115000
𝑛=
log 3
5.060
𝑛=
0.477
𝑛 = 10.61 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 115000 𝑏𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑠
Problema 2.
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 . 𝑟 𝑛−1
𝑎1 = 24
𝑟 = −4
𝑎5= ?
𝑎10= ?
𝑎𝑛 = 24.∗ (−4)5−1
𝑎𝑛 = 24.∗ (−4)4
𝑎𝑛 = 6144
𝑎𝑛 (𝑟 − 𝑎1 )
𝑆𝑛 =
𝑟−1
24(1 − (−4)10 )
𝑆10 =
1 − (−4)
24 ∗ (510 )
𝑆10 =
5
234375000
𝑆10 =
5
𝑆10 = 46875000
FASE 2
a. Progresión aritmética
𝑈𝑛 = 2𝑛 + 2
b. Progresión geométrica
𝑈𝑛 = 7.2𝑛−1
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1. 𝑟 𝑛−1
𝑈1 = 7. 21−1 → 𝑈1 = 7. 20 = 7
𝑈2 = 7. 22−1 → 𝑈2 = 7. 21 = 14
𝑈3 = 7. 23−1 → 𝑈3 = 7. 22 = 28
𝑈4 = 7. 24−1 → 𝑈4 = 7. 23 = 56
𝑈5 = 7. 25−1 → 𝑈5 = 7. 24 = 112
𝑈𝑛 = (7, 14, 28, 56, 112, … )