REVIEW OF PRIMARY 3

NATURAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

Pedro Antonio López Hernández

Colegio La Presentación - Granada
BODY SYSTEMS
 THE RESPIRATORY THE CIRCULATORY THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM SYSTEM SYSTEM

It helps us breathe It transports blood It helps us digest food

1. The MOUTH
1. THE NASAL
PASSAGE Heart
2. The
2. The PHARYNX:
PHARYNX 3. The
3. Our VOCAL
OESOPHAGUS
CORDS are
located in the 4. The LIVER
Veins
VOICE BOX. and
5. The
PANCREAS
STOMACH
4. The WINDPIPE
5. The LUNGS

Arteries 6. THE SMALL

6. BRONCHI
INTESTINE
7. THE LARGE
INTESTINE
7. ALVEOLI
 OUR SENSES
We have five senses

Sight Touch
Hearing Smell
We see with Taste We touch with
the eyes the skin
We hear with We smell with
the ears the nose
We taste with
the tongue
The sense of sight / Organ: Eye The sense of hearing / Organ: Ear
2. EAR CANAL

2. The IRIS 1. The PUPIL 3. EARDRUM

4. OSSICLES

1. EYEBROWS
1. EAR FLAP
or PINNA
2. EYELASHES
5. COCHLEA
3. The RETINA
4. EYELIDS
3. LACRIMAL GLANDS The middle The Inner
The outer ear ear ear

The sense of touch / Organ: Skin The sense of Smell / Organ: Nose The sense of taste / Organ: Tongue

1. SKIN PITUITARY GLAND

NASAL
SEPTUM NASAL CAVITY 1. SOUR
2. BITTER

NOSTRIL

2. FINGERPRINTS
4. SALTY
3. SWEET
LIFE AND HEALTH
 THE HUMAN LIFE CYCLE
Our bodies change constantly. We have FIVE STAGES in
The stages of life the course of our life:

1. INFANCY: (0-3 years)

4. ADULTHOOD: (In our early 20s)
We learn important things,
(walk and talk) They start working and some adults have
their own family.

3. ADOLESCENCE: (12
years onwards)

Our bodies change

shape and we grow very
quickly.

2. CHILDHOOD: (3-11 years)

5. OLD AGE: (Start around 70 years)
We learn to read and write.
Our hair is white.
 HEALTH AND ILLNESS

Healthy habits
Illnesses

1. Healthy diet 3. Hygiene

5. Posture
2. Exercise 4. Rest When we are ill, we feel weak
and we sometimes get a
FEVER.

- Brush your
- Sit upright in
-Do physical teeth after Some of the most common
- Eat a variety - Sleep for your chair.
exercise. meals. illnesses are:
of food every around 9 or 10
day. hours a day. - Carry your bag
- Wash your
on your back
hands before
using both Chicken
meals Flu
shoulders. Colds pox
- Take shower
regularly.
 A BALANCED DIET
A DIET is the food and drink that a person consumes every day.

1. Food with a
The food pyramid lot of FAT.
Tips for healthy eating
“We should only
2. Food eat this type of
rich in food occasionally
proteins. and in small
amounts” 2. Don´t eat
“We should 1. Avoid eating less food than
eat this kind 3. Food rich in too many fats. your body
of food vitamins, need.
several times
mineral and
a week”
carbohydrates

“We should try to

eat these types of 3. Eat five times a 4. Always eat
food EVERY DAY” day: breakfast, breakfast
lunch, dinner and because it is
a piece of fruit or the most
a yogurt in important meal
between meals. of the day.
THE UNIVERSE
 THE UNIVERSE

Planets

Stars
Solar system
Satellites

The sun
It has eight planets
The moon
The Earth

It has land and water

It has four lunar phases
It shines It has living
Rotate around planets
It´s big Human live in the Earth
It give us hot and light It moves around the sun
and around itself
It´s made of fire
It doesn´t shines
It´s in the space

It doesn´t move
 EARTH MOVEMENTS

Translation/Revolution
Rotation

It takes 24 hours for the Earth to rotate

around it´s axis. THE DAY AND NIGHT It takes 365 days for the
Earth to move around
the Sun. THE SEASON
THE EARTH
 THE ATMOSPHERE

It is the layer of air that surrounds Earth

The compositions of the atmosphere

It has two layers

It has different gasses make up the air although we can´t

see them

Top layer
It protects us from
the harmful rays
from the sun. Nitrogen
Water
It is the vapour
most
Bottom layer abundant.
Oxygen
Carbon
dioxide
It has air and
rainwater. We need it
to respire.
It makes our planet
liveable.
 THE HYDROSPHERE
Most of Earth´s surface is covered by water and it is called the hydrosphere.

The water cycle

It has three states 2.Condensation

Water vapour
forms the clouds.
3.Precipitation
The clouds
release water
Solid Gaseous back to the Earth
Liquid as rain, snow or
hail.

1.Evaporation
Heat from sun
turns the water
into water
4.Inflitration
vapour. Some water goes into
5.Transportation the ground.
Rivers and other
streams transport
water back to the
ocean.
 THE GEOSPHERE
Earth is made up of rocks, from the centre to the surface.

It has three parts In the Earth´s crust, they are the continents

1. Core: It is the inner layer. The It has land

temperatures are very high. underwater.
Earth has six
It has seas
continents “ The ocean
and oceans
floor”

2. Mantle: It is
the middle 3. Crust: It is the
layer . outer layer. It has
different
The lava from landforms:
volcanoes mountains, hills,
comes from deserts, even the
here. ocean floor.
 TYPES OF WATER

Groundwater BE CAREFUL!
Surface water

NO ALL WATER IS
Water in ocean, lakes DRINKING WATER
and rivers Water in caves and rocks
LIVING THINGS
 - They are born.
Living things - They grow.
- They reproduce.
- They die.
LIVING THINGS - They aren´t born.
- They don´t grow.
- They don´t reproduce.
Non- living things
- They don´t die.
- They can be natural or man-
made.

It is the process of transforming

Nutrition nutrients into energy.

LIFE PROCESSES Interaction Living things interact to the world

Reproduction Living things reproduce

ANIMALS
 It has developed
Viviparous inside their
mother´s body

ANIMAL REPRODUCTION
They are animals
Oviparous that reproduce
by laying eggs

Mammals

Vertebrates Poultry

Fish
VERTEBRATED AND Reptiles
INVERTEBRATED
Amphibians
ANIMALS
Invertebrates Insects
PLANTS
PARTS OF THE PLANT

Food from plants

It supports
the plant

They
absorb
oxygen

They adsorb
water and
minerals
 Bush

TYPES OF STEMS

Herb

Trees whose leaves

Deciduous tree fall down in Autumn

TYPES OF TREES
Perennial tree Trees that have
green leaves all year
LANDSCAPES
 LANDSCAPES
They are all the elements you can see in a specific area of land. There are two types of landscapes

1. Natural landscapes 2. Man-made landscapes

- They are landscapes that humans have changed.

- They are made by nature.
- They have man-made elements as: crop fields,
- Humans haven´t changed reservoirs, roads and houses.
them.

There are two types

1. Rural 2. Urban

- They have natural elements. - They have artificial elements.

EXAMPLE : A village. EXAMPLE: A big city as Granada.

 FROM NATURE TO MAN-MADE LANDSCAPES

1. 2. 3.

The road and crop fields are The bridge, the house and
The mountains, rivers and
man-made changes that the power line are other
trees are natural elements of
modify this landscape. man-made elements
this landscape.
 TYPES OF LANDSCAPES

Mountains relief Plains relief Coastal relief

Forest
The pole Desert

It rains all year and there

are a lot of different - There aren´t trees. - You can find an oasis
animals and plants Eskimos live here. here.

- Penguins live here. - Camels live here and you

can see cactus.
 EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND THEIR CAPITALS

Europe is a continent with 51 countries of different sizes. There are very large countries like the Russian Federation and small like
Andorra.
VARSOVIA is the
capital of
BERLÍN is the Poland.
capital of
Germany
LONDRES is the
capital of the
United Kingdom

MOSCÚ is the
capital of
Russia.
PARÍS is the
capital of
France

MADRID is the
capital of Spain
 MATTER
AND
MATERIALS
 CHANGES OF STATE

Heating

1.Melting: Solid changes to liquid 2.Evaporation: Liquid changes to gas

4.Solidification: Liquid changes to solid

3.Condensation: Gas changes to liquid

Cooling
 PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
The characteristics of an object are its PROPERTIES

Impermeable

A plastic bottle
Strong
protects its contents
because it keeps the
Heat conductor We use wood to make
liquid inside.
tables because it
It allow in hot. supports heavy things
and doesn´t break.

Transparent
Flexible
The glass is
You can fold a transparent so you
napkin many times Elastic can see through it.
without it breaking.
You can stretch a
hairband and it will
return to its original
shape
 MATERIALS AND ENVIRONMENT

We can help our environment by following the 3Rs: REDUCE, REUSE and RECYCLE

1.REDUCE

Finish all the pages of your

notebook before you begin
another one.

3 Rs
3.REUSE 2.RECYCLE

You can use a shoebox to Separate your waste into

store small games or coloured GLASS, PLASTIC and PAPER.
crayons.
ENERGY
 TYPES OF ENERGY
ENERGY makes things change and move. We need ENERGY in order to carry out each activity in our lives.
For example: We need energy to ride a bike.

2. Light energy
3. Chemical energy
WE CAN SEE IT IN A
IT IS STORED ENERGY that is
CANDLE, the sun during
1. Thermal energy found in foods, fuel and all
the day and the stars at
living things.
night.
We can FEEL IT IN A CUP of
coffee, in a oven or When we walk we consume
cooker. chemical energy.

6. Sound energy
5. Kinetic energy 4. Electrical energy
This energy produces
SOUND. It is energy produced by ELECTRIC DEVICES use this
OBJECTS AND LIVING energy to work.
We can produce this THINGS IN MOVEMENT.
energy when we play
musical instruments. It is produced when a
person is running.
 SOURCES OF ENERGY
WIND and PETROL supply energy and are known as ENERGY SOURCES. There are two types:

Renewable energy sources Non-Renewable energy sources

THE SUN, WIND AND WATER supply renewable We may run out with FOSSIL FUELS because we are
energy because they never run out. using them faster than we can produce them.

Coal Oil
Wind energy Solar energy
Gas
It is extracted from
We use WIND Hydroelectric HEAT and LIGHT from We use OIL to produce
MINES and we burn
TURBINES to energy the SUN are collected it to produce heat
PETROL that is needed
transform wind into We get GAS by for MACHINES and
by SOLAR PANELS and and electricity. DIGGING a hole in
electricity. transformed into other CARS.
the ground and we
WATER flows form of energy. burn it to produce
through
heat and electricity.
TURBINES to
produce
electricity.
MACHINES
 MACHINES
They are inventions that help us carry out activities or tasks with less effort. we use them every day.

Types of machines Power sources

Machines get their power from different sources

Simple machines Complex machines

They are made up of only They are made up of many

a few components. more components.
3. Some
2. Others get machines run
- Hammer - Vacuum 1. Some their power by on electricity.
cleaner machines work burning fuel.
- Broom on manual For example:
- Computer power. For example:
- Wheel Traffic lights
- Television For example: Cars and and mobile
- Screw motorcycles phones
- Car A bicycle
- Tongs
- Tablet
THE PLACE WHERE I LIVE
 RULES IN SOCIETY
We follow RULES so that people can live together in HARMONY. Everybody have the same rules in society: RESPECT
RIGHTS of others and carry out our DUTIES.

Rules at home Rules at school

Children have Children have Students have

the right… the Students have RIGHTS
responsibility… the same DUTIES

- Not to bully or harm each

- To be protected. - Do your tasks.
other.
- To be educated. - To be listened by the teacher.
- To learn and help others to - Follow the classroom rules.
- To relax. - To be respected by their
learn. - Respect all students.
- To play. classmates.
- To include everyone in their - Do your best in class.
- Parents participate in school
games and activities. - Respect teachers.
- Share school material.
JOBS
 SECTORS

THE SECONDARY THE TERTIARY SECTOR

SECTOR
THE PRIMARY SECTOR

- Most people who do not work in the primary and

They obtain manufactured
secondary sector.
They obtain raw materials by: products made out of raw
materials:
- They work in services (they are jobs that help the
society).

Mining
Workshops Factories
Some professions in the tertiary sector are…
Farming
- Teacher that teach at school.
- ARTISANS work here.
- FACTORY WORKERS - Professors that teach at universities.
work here.
Fishing -They work by hand. - Drivers that drive taxis and buses.
- They use machines. - Police officers and fire fighters.
River fishing or sea fishing - They can only produce
a few products a day. - They can produce lots - Actors and musicians.
Agriculture of products a day. - Doctors and nurses.

They get grains, fruit and - Politicians (mayors, councillors, presidents and
vegetables from the fields their ministers).
TIME MATTERS
 TIMES GOES BY

Past Present Future

Events that have already Events that are happening at this

happened. moment. Events that will happen later.

For example: For example: For example:

When you were born or last Now you are in 3rd course and right This course will finish soon.
night´s dinner are past event. now, you are reading this book.
 TIME MEASUREMENTS
We use different methods to help us measure time and organise our activities.

Timetables Calendars
Clocks

It helps us to organise our activities in a period of time. It measures time in DAYS, WEEKS, MONTHS and
YEARS.
It measures time in…
There are 365 days in a year, divided into 12 months.
Each month has four or five weeks with 7 days each.

Hours Minutes Seconds

1 day = 24 hours To measure longer periods of time than year

we use:

1 hour = 60 minutes LUSTRUM: 5 years

DECADE: 10 years
1 minute = 60 seconds CENTURY: 100 years
MILLENNIUM: 1.000 years
HISTORY
 WE ORGANISE HISTORY
Because human history is so long, we organise it into specific periods of time called ERAS.

“Not all eras have the same number of years”.

Eras of history

Prehistory The Middle The Modern Contemporary

Ancient Times
Ages Age Times
 TIMELINE

There haven´t always been cars, phones, mobiles or computer in your locality. It has changed a lot over the
centuries.

5. CONTEMPORARY
TIMES

Means of transport
and communication
4. THE MODERN AGE are very fast. Cities has
skyscrapers.
3. THE MIDDLE AGES Cities grew because
of commerce.
Walls and castles Universities, palaces
were built to defend and ports were built.
the cities.
2. ANCIENT TIMES
Localities had a
Writing was invented marketplace and a
1. PREHISTORY and commerce was church.
developed.
People live in caves
near water. They
discover the fire.