Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TEACHERS: AN ANALYSIS
By
Danica A. Anical
Santos Rafael C. Bargas
Dianne A. Dacuyan
Mariella Kate B. Dumlao
Lawrence G. Ponio
March 2016
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers wish to express their sincerest gratitude to individuals show shared their
insights and guidance as well as those kindhearted people who helped in the compilation of this
To Mr. Ernesto Cabañero, as their adviser, for directing and guiding them in making this
research, for giving them appropriate ideas, for sharing his knowledge and for the improvement
of this study. The researchers would like to thank him so much for his patience and kindness.
To the respondents, the researchers are thanking them for their kindness and willingness
in answering the surveys. To the researchers’ families, friends, and relatives and also for the
Above all, they thank and praise the Almighty God who has always been with the, giving
them the wisdom, knowledge, courage and strength they need to finish this work.
The Researchers
i
DEDICATION
We are dedicating this humble work to the Almighty Father, to our families, relatives and
friends. We are also dedicating this work to our understanding thesis adviser. This work is also
The Researchers
ii
ABSTRACT
Year: 2017
This research aimed to find out the behavior of the selected DWCB teachers on how they
This study used the survey research design since it aimed to find out the profile of the
selected DWCB teachers in terms of name, gender, age, highest educational attainment, length of
service and gross monthly salary; and their knowledge on how they budget their monthly income
salary.
The respondents of the study were 30selected DWCB teachers. A survey questionnaire is
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction…………………………………………………………….. 1-2
Statement of the Problem………………………………………………. 3
Significance of the Study………………………………………………. 3
Definition of Terms…………………………………………………….. .4
Summary of Findings…………………………………………………….. 18
Conclusions……………………………………………………………... 20
Recommendations………………………………………………….......... 21
APPENDICES…………………………………………………………………………… 22
A. Letter of Request…………………………………………………… 23-24
B. Survey Questionnaires……………………………………………… 25-27
C. Photo Documentation……………………………………………… 28
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
The DWCB has to respond to the growing needs of the environment that surrounds it as
determine how well it teaching staff and employees respond to the changes it had instituted as a
In addition to our research, money management is the process of managing money which
includes expense tracking, investment, budgeting, banking and taxes or otherwise in overseeing
the cash usage of an individual or group ̶ it is also called investment management. The
predominant use of the phrase in financial market is that of an investment professional making
investment decisions for large pools of funds, as mutual funds or pension plans. We begin by
introducing the human capital model wages, using it to compare teacher and non-teacher salaries
with adjustments for skill differences between the two groups. We then show how the standard
analysis focused on the formal educational attainment can be misleading in the case of teachers,
whose years of education may not be as valuable in the marketplace as for workers in other
occupations, we also compare public school teacher salaries to private school teacher salaries,
and we conclude by examining how the average teacher’s wage changes when he or she leaves
the profession. Public school teachers receive higher wages than the average wages of private
schools like Divine Word College of Bangued, but it would be simplistic to conclude that group
is overpaid relative to another group based only on average salaries. Because groups may have
different characteristics that affect their productivity, proper comparisons require controlling for
worker skills.
1
Money management is strategic technique employed to make money yield the highest
interest-yielding value for any amount spent. Spending money to satisfy cravings (regardless of
whether they can justifiably be included in a budget) is a natural human phenomenon. The idea
of money management techniques has been developed to reduce the amount that individuals,
firms and institutions spend on items which add no significant value to their living standards,
long-term portfolios and assets. Money management is used in investment management and
deals with the question of how much risk a decision maker should take in situations where
uncertainty is present. More precisely what percentage or what part of the decision maker’s
wealth should be put into risk in order to maximize the decision maker’s utility function. Money
management can mean gaining greater control over outgoings and incomings, both in personal
and business perspective. Greater money management can be achieved by establishing budgets
Money is a vital part of our life. People work to earn money to purchase a house, to live,
to eat wedding of their children. To save means to put aside a portion of income as deferred for
consumption. Saving means the total accumulated amount of income that is not spent on
Saving means sacrificing the current consumption in order to increase the living standard
and fulfilling the daily requirements in future. As circulation of blood is necessary for the
survival of the individual in the same way savings are also necessary for unpredictable future in
order to meet the emergencies in life. While investment is an economic activity of employment
2
Statement of the Problem
Analysis” aimed to find out the knowledge of the selected DWCB teachers on how they allocate
a. Gender
b. Age
c. Civil Status
b. Expenditures?
The researchers conducted this study in order to determine on how they allocate the
income of teachers. Through this study, certain benefits could be provided to the following:
The researchers. Researchers could gain insights and ideas on how the teachers manage.
The teachers. This study helps the teachers to manage their money wisely.
The students. This study will serve as a benchmark for them to continue regarding the
3
Definition of Terms
For better understanding and interpretation of this study, the following terms are defined.
DWCB. Divine Word College of Bangued. The institution where the researchers are
studying.
Respondents. These refer to the persons who gives a response or answer to a question
Budgeting. This refers to the process of creating a plan to spend your money, simply
Expenses. The cost required for something, may be in the form of actual cash and
payments.
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CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Hammer (2005) found that twenty-five percent of teachers were absent from school, and only
about half were teaching, during unannounced visits to a nationally representative sample of the
government primary schools in India. The researchers found little evidence that attempting to
strengthen local community ties reduced absence. Teachers from the local area had similar
absence rates as teachers from outside the community. Locally controlled non-formal schools
have slightly higher absence rates than schools run by the state government. The existence of a
PTA was not correlated with a lower absence. Private-school teachers were only slightly less
likely to be absent than public-school teachers in general, but were 8 percentage point less likely
in their study, and a constant comparative method was used to analyse the interviews. This study
include in focus on academics vs. play, the importance of worksheets, the importance of groups
Bhardwa j Rajesh, Rheja Rekh and Priyanka (2011), examine – Analysis of income
and Savings Pattern of Government and Private Senior Secondary school Teachers. The study
concluded that the major source of income of Government teachers is salary while tuition fee for
private teachers. Mostly government and Private Teachers both used Bank Deposits and Life
Insurance for investing their savings. Government school teachers received more perks in
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emergency and security while for private teachers is children education and purchase of
consumer durable.
such as age, gender, marital status, and lifestyle determined the savings and investments
behaviour of teaching community in the study region. In a more or less similar manner, their
family characteristics such as monthly family income, stage of family life cycle, and upbringing
Dr. S. Mathivannan and Dr. M. Selvakumar (2011) studied on saving and investment
pattern of school teachers – A study with reference to Sivakasi Taluk, Tamil Nadu. The study
concludes that today, the teaching community has stated realizing the importance of money and
money’s worth. They are initiated to prepare a budget for the proposed expenses and compare it
with the actual expenses met by them, so that they are not influence by other tempting and
fashionable expenses.
Dr. Dhiraj Jain and Parul Jain (2012) savings and investment pattern of school
teachers – a study with reference to Udaipur District, Rajasthan. The study concluded that in
today’s world money play vital role in one’s life and that the importance of money has been
started being recognized by the school teacher’s community. They know the importance of
money so they are initiated themselves to prepare the budget and lessen down their expenses to
meet the future consequences. It has been evident from the study that the most of the school
teachers are saving their money for the purpose of their children’s education, marriage and as
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CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
It is a systematic effort to achieve the truth. It includes the identification of the study area,
the procedure for collecting data, analyzing the data and finding the conclusion or truth based
upon the systematic procedure. Research in common parlance refers to a research for knowledge.
One also defines research as a scientific and systematic procedure for obtaining pertinent
information on a specific topic. In fact, research is careful, systematic and scientific investigation
This study used the survey research design since it aimed to find out the profile of the
DWCB teachers in terms of gender, age and civil status and their knowledge about money
management.
The respondents of the study were 30 teachers of DWCB. From the sample size, 20 were
female teachers and 10 were male teachers, who were asked to answer the questionnaire on their
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Table 1
Sample Class
To gather the data for the study, the researchers used survey method.
The instruments used are questionnaires, which are necessities for survey method. The
researchers designed the questionnaires in proper form to gather sufficient and relevant
There researchers used one set of questionnaire. The first part is about the profile of the
respondents. The second part of the questionnaire contained the questions for the respondents
The data collected in this study were organized and classified based on the design and the
problems formulated. The data were coded, tallied and tabulated to facilitate the presentation and
The following statistical tools were utilized in the analysis and interpretation of data
gathered:
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Percentage was used in the description of gender, age, civil status, number of dependents,
number of children who are still studying, highest educational attainment, length of service in
𝑓
X= 𝑁 x 100
Where:
X = Percentage
N = Total of respondents
f = Frequency
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CHAPTER 4
This chapter presents the findings, analysis and interpretation of data gathered in this study.
N= 30
TABLE 2
PROFILE OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
1. Gender
Male 33% 10
Female 67% 20
TOTAL 100% 30
2. Age
20-30 37% 11
31-40 20% 6
41-50 13% 4
51-60 23% 7
61 and above 7% 2
TOTAL 100% 30
3. Civil Status
Single 50% 15
Married 43% 13
Widow/er 7% 2
Separated 0% 0
TOTAL 100% 30
Table 2 present the total number of respondents according to the gender, there are 10 (33%) male
10
This implies that there were more female teachers from DWCB. This also implies that
It also presents the total number of respondents according to age. A large number of
respondents, 11 (37%) fall under the age bracket 20-30, 6 (20%) fall under the age bracket 31-
40, 4 (13%) fall under the age bracket 41-50, 7 (23%) fall under the age bracket 51-60 and under
the age bracket of 61 and above 2 (7%). There are 30 (100%) total respondent under this profile.
This implies that larger portion of respondents 11 (37%) are still in their young age as a
teacher. This attests that most of the teachers did not stop their careers. It also presents the total
number of respondents according to civil status. A large number respondents, 15 (50%) fall
under the status of single, 13 (43%) married, 2 (7%) widow/er, and no percent for the status of
separated, with a total of 30 (100%) respondents under this profile. This implies that there were
more single teachers of DWCB and some of the teachers spent their salaries to their personal
needs or purposes.
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TABLE 3
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
1. No. of dependents
living with the respondent
2 37% 11
4 13% 4
6 7% 2
7 and above 0% 0
No Answers 43% 13
TOTAL 100% 30
2. Number of children
who are still studying
Elementary 4% 1
Secondary 13% 4
College 23% 7
No Answers 60% 18
TOTAL 100% 30
Table 3 presents the total number of respondents according to the number of dependents living
with the respondent. 11 (37%) fall under the number of dependents 1-2. 4 (13%) fall under 3-4, 2
(7%) fall under 5-6, none for 7 and above and 13 (43%) for who did not answer with a total of 30
(100%).
This implies that their children or dependents is still with them which means they have children
who still studying and has no married children yet. It also shows the number of children who are
still studying of respondents in different levels. 1 (3%) of children still studying in elementary, 4
(13%) of children in secondary, 7 (23%) of children in college and 18 (60%) no answers with a
total of 30 (100%).
12
This implies that some of the respondents have children who still studying but in the other place
18 (60%) have no answers in the number of children who still studying means they only spent
small amount for education expense and their salaries increase their savings.
TABLE 4
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
3. Highest educational attainment
Bachelor’s Degree 14% 4
With Master’s Unit 33% 10
Master’s Degree Holder 40% 12
With Doctoral Units 0% 0
Doctoral Degree Holder 0% 0
No Answers 13% 4
TOTAL 100% 30
4. Length of service in DWCB
1-5 years 47% 14
6-10 years 3% 1
11-15 years 7% 2
16-20 years 7% 2
20-25 years 7% 2
26-30 years 20% 6
30 years and above 3% 1
No Answers 6% 2
TOTAL 100% 30
5. Employment status
Full-time 97% 29
Part-time 0% 0
No Answers 3% 1
TOTAL 100% 30
Table 4 shows the highest educational attainment of the respondent. 4 (13%) attain Bachelor
Degree, 10 (33%) with Masters Unit, 12 (40%) Master’s Degree Holder, and 0 for Doctoral
13
This implies that more of the respondents is with Masters Unit and it also implies that the
respondent have a better understanding of pedagogy, with greater subject knowledge and with
It also shows the length of service in DWCB of the respondent. 14 (47%) fall under the bracket
of 1-5 years in service, 1 (3%) at the bracket of 6-10 years, 2 (7%) at the bracket of 11-15 years,
2 (7%) at the bracket of 16-20 years, 2 (7%) at the bracket of 20-25 years, 6 (20%) at the bracket
of 26-30 years, 1 (3%) at the bracket of 30 years and above, 2 (7%) who have no answer with a
This implies that more of the respondents is Full-time teachers, and more of the teachers gross
monthly salary of 10-15,000 and it also implies that this amount of salary is not enough for a
family.
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TABLE 5
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
6. Gross Monthly Salary
5,000-7,500.00 7% 2
7,501-10,000.00 7% 2
10,001-15,000.00 53% 16
15,001-20,000.00 13% 4
20,001-25,000.00 13% 4
25,001 and above 0% 0
No Answers 7% 2
TOTAL 100% 30
7. Are there other sources of
income?
Yes 33% 10
No 43% 13
No Answers 24% 7
TOTAL 100% 30
If yes, which one?
Online shop 0% 0
Sari-sari store 7% 2
Tutorial 17% 5
Others 10% 3
No Answer 66% 20
TOTAL 100% 30
Table 5 shows the gross monthly salary of the respondent. 2 (7%) who have a salary of 5,000-
7,000, 2 (7%) who have a salary of 7,501-10,000, 16 (53%) who have salary amount of 10,001-
15,000, 4 (13%) whose salary of 20,001 and above, 0 (0%) who have salary amount of 25,001
It also shows the other sources of income according to the number of respondents. There are10
(33%) who have other sources of income and 13 (43%) who don’t have any other sources of
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income and 7 (23%) who have no answers with a total of 30 (100%). And for those teachers who
have other sources of income some answered 2 (7%) have an online shop, 5 (17%) who have
sari-sari store, 3 (10%) those who exercise tutorial and 3 (10%) for other sources and 20 (67%)
have no answers.
This implies that some of the respondent has no other source of income but 10 (33%) have other
sources of income like online shop, sari-sari store, tutorial and others.
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TABLE 6
PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY
1. Expenditures in per cent you allocate
in each of the following
Educational expenses 30% 9
Basic needs expenses 60% 18
Utility expense (10%)
Water expense (10%)
Electricity expense (7%)
Telephone expense (13%)
Transportation expense (20%)
No Answers 10% 3
TOTAL 100% 30
1. Do you save money from your take
home pay?
Yes 33% 10
No 0% 0
No Answers 67% 20
TOTAL 100% 30
If yes, where do you put it?
Save in a bank 47% 14
Lend the money 7% 2
Others 20% 6
No Answers 27% 8
TOTAL 100% 30
Table 6 shows the expenditures in percent they allocate in each of the following expenses of the
respondents. 9 (30%) out of 30 respondents for who have an educational expenses, 18 (6%) for
basic needs expenses, 5 (17%) for utility expenses, 3 (10%) for water expenses, 2 (7%) for
electricity expenses, 4 (13%) for telephone, 6 (20%) for transportation, 3 (10%) who have no
answers.
17
This implies that the respondent from their incomes spent in different expenditures and the
respondents really allocate much more money for their basic needs which is 18 (60%) out of 30
It also shows if the respondents save money from they take home pay. 10 (33%) who have
answered Yes and none (0%) who have answered No and 20 (67%) who have No Answers with
a total of 30 (100%). And for those who have answered Yes they put their money to 14 (47%)
save in bank, 2 (7%) lend the money, 6 (20%) for others, 8 (27%) who have no answers with a
total of 30 (100%).
This implies the different strategies of respondents in which where they put their money and
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CHAPTER 5
This chapter presents the summary of findings, and the conclusions arrived along with the
recommendations of the study conducted by the researchers based on the gathered data.
Summary of Findings
In light of the data analyzed by the researchers, summary of findings were stated.
The importance given of this study are the ideas of teachers regarding the money management
behavior.
The study was concerned with the money management of selected teachers of DWCB
and their hypothesis and strategies that they are using in money management. 1.) The profile of
the teacher in terms of gender, age, civil status, number of children or dependent who are still
studying, highest educational attainment, length of service, employment status, gross monthly
salary, other sources of income, expenditures in percent you allocate in each following expenses
It was conducted in the selected teachers of DWCB. They are teachers of college and
high school.
Findings
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1.3 Majority of the respondent’s civil status are still single.
1.4 Majority of the respondents have highest educational attainment with Master’s Degree
1.5 Majority of the respondents have reached 1-5 years in the institution. A great percentage
of the employees are still new in the industry and some have been working in the
1.7 Monthly salary. A great percentage of the teachers are receiving P10, 001 to P15, 000
monthly. Also another percentage of the respondents are receiving P15, 000 to P25, 000
monthly.
1.8 Majority of the teachers have no other sources of income a total of 43%
1.9 In percent you allocate the expenditures. Majority is basic needs expense a total of 60%.
Conclusions
Based on the findings generated from the data gathered, the researchers come up with the
following conclusions:
The respondents of the study are the teachers of DWCB from the high school and college
department. As result of our study they were mostly female professors. It implies the money
20
According to our study the monthly salary of the respondents are lower compared to the
salary of public teachers. As a result of our findings, the 53% of our respondents’ remuneration
are ranging from 10,000-15,000 pesos monthly and it is the reason why few of them can save
their net take home pay. Almost of the income of DWCB Teachers spend in different
expenditures but they really allocate more money for their basic needs.
The DWCB teachers have their own strategies in which they put their money in different
banks but some of the respondents invest their money through lending in order to grow. The
teachers has no other sources of income but 10 (33%) have other sources of income like online
Recommendations
Based on the study the researcher wants to offer few suggestions and recommendations. They
are:
Once you get enough money, you can invest it. Diversify your investments by putting
Instead of putting your money into the most convenient savings account, shop around for
a better deal like online banks, sometimes they offer higher interest rates.
Start a small business as a means of generating additional revenue while keeping your
current job, for example include selling items on e-bay, online shop and “sari- sari store”
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APPENDICES
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DIVINE WORD DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF BANGUED
Bangued, Abra
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT
Date: ___________________
Name of Respondent: ___________________________________
Address: ___________________________________
Dear Madam:
The undersigned are the students enrolled in BM 06 (Business Research) who are conducting a
study entitled “Money Management Behavior of Selected DWCB Teachers: An Analysis.” It
is for this reason that we are coming to you to kindly answer the attached questionnaire. Rest
assured that your answer will be treated with strict confidentiality.
DANICA A. ANICAL
DIANNE A. DACUYAN
LAWRENCE G. PONIO
23
DIVINE WORD COLLEGE OF BANGUED
Bangued, Abra
Date: ___________________
Name of Respondent: ___________________________________
Address: ___________________________________
Dear Sir:
The undersigned are the students enrolled in BM 06 (Business Research) who are conducting a
study entitled “Money Management Behavior of Selected DWCB Teachers: An Analysis.” It
is for this reason that we are coming to you to kindly answer the attached questionnaire. Rest
assured that your answer will be treated with strict confidentiality.
DANICA A. ANICAL
DIANNE A. DACUYAN
LAWRENCE G. PONIO
24
MONEY MANAGEMENT BEHAVIORS OF SELECTED
DWCB TEACHERS: AN ANALYSIS
INSTRUCTION: Please select one and check (√) the appropriate item provided.
1. NAME (Optional):
2. GENDER:
[] Female [] Male
3. AGE:
[] 20-30 [] 31-40 [] 41-50 [] 51-60 [] 61 or more
4. CIVIL STATUS:
[] Single [] Married [] Widow/er [] Separated
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7. HIGHEST EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
[] Bachelor’s Degree
[] With Masters Units
[] Master’s Degree Holder
[] With Doctoral Units
[] Doctoral Degree Holder
9. EMPLOYMENT STATUS:
[] Full-time [] Part-time
IF PART TIME, HOW MANY HOURS IN A WEEK:
[] 5 hours [] 7 hours [] 10 hours
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12. EXPENDITURES: HOW MANY PERCENT (%) DO YOU ALLOCATE FOR EACH
OF THE FOLLOWING?
___ [] Educational Expenses ___ [] Basic Needs Expenses ___ [] Utility Expense
___ [] Water Expense
___ [] Electricity Expense
___ [] Telephone Expense
___ [] Transportation Expense
13. FROM YOUR NET TAKE HOME PAY, HOW MUCH DO YOU SAVE? ____%
THANK YOU!
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PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
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PROFILE
Personal Background
Age : 19
Birthdate : July 30, 1997
Sex : Male
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Educational Background
DANICA A. ANICAL
Personal Background
Age : 19
Birthdate : November 13, 1997
Sex : Female
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Educational Background
LAWRENCE G. PONIO
Personal Background
Age : 19
Birthdate : September 21, 1997
Sex : Female
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Educational Background
DIANNE A. DACUYAN
Personal Background
Age : 19
Birthdate : November 30, 1997
Sex : Female
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Educational Background
Personal Background
Age : 18
Birthdate : October 09, 1998
Sex : Female
Civil Status : Single
Religion : Roman Catholic
Citizenship : Filipino
Educational Background