I

SECTION ON THE JEWEL-WALK

XVIII The Seventeenth Chronicle: the Lord T'issa XIX
TheEighteenth Chronicle:theLord Phussa XX The Praise to that Lord, I
Brahmii Sahampati, chief in the wor ld, his hands clasped,

Fully Self-
Nineteenth Chronicle: th t~ Lord Vipassin XXI
TheTwentiethChronicle:theT.ordSikhin XXII The Arahant,
requested him who was unexcelled:
" There arc beings here
Twenty-first Chronicle: the Lord Vessabhli XXIII The
'Twenty-second Chronicle: the Lord Knku sandha XX
TV The T wenty-third Chronicle: the Lord KOJ:la- who by
Awakened One
natur e
garnnna xxv The 'Twenty-fourth Chronicle: the
have little dust
Lord Kassap» XXVT TheTwenty-fifth Chronicle: (of defilements) in
tieLordGotama XXVTT Miscellany on the Buddhas theml ;
XXVTTT Account of the Distribution on the Relics
teach Dhamma?out of compassion for this generation ".
2
In him
possesse d
of
Tndex of Pali P roper Names lmcwledge-and-right-condu ct,
in th e

steadfast one-', the bringer of light4 ,

beare r of his last body,
PLATES
facing page T athiigata, matchless person, there aro se pitifulness towards
T 10
TT 3R all beingst :
TTT <to 3
IV 50 As these men with devas do
V SR not knows of that kind is this
VI 00
VII 7R Buddha, suprem e amo ng men, nor of what kind is his power
VIn 94
of psychic potency, power
of wisdom,
of what
kind is th e

power of a Buddha , benevolent towards the world

-?
 CliRONICLE OF BUDDHAS I JEW EL-WALK

Devas of earth,
6 Thirty-Three, those devas,
and Yuma's belonging
andtothe
the GreatOnes,
Happy Regents, the all golden were the sides of that Walk which was made
those who rejoice in creating", those too with power over of jewels.1
others' crcatinge'', and those of Brahms's retinue, h issful, 1+ ~fh c junction of (each pair of) beams was
made a far-flung clamour. Illumined were the earth symmetrical, the floor-boards covered with gold; all golden
together 'with the worlds of the were the over railings,
15 Strewn with well-fashioned
sand (consisting) onofboth
jewelssides (of the
and pearls,
7 Walk). 2
dcvas and the numerous haseless spaces between the fashioned and made of jewels it illumined all the quarters
worlds , and the dense gloom was dissipated when like him of the hundred rays when he has risen. 16 Walking
they saw the wonderful marvel.I Among devas, up and down in that, the wise one, him of the thirty-two
s heavenly musicians, men, demons, a magnifi glorious Marks, Self-Awakened One, Conqueror, shining,
cent far-flung radiance appeared in both this world and walked up and down in the Walk. 17 All the devas,
that beyond, below and above, across and around. The gathered together, showered down on the Walk deva-like
mandarava-' flowers, lotuses, flowers of the Coral
9 superb being, unexcelled, guider away, teacher. was 3
honoured by devas and men"; of great might, with the Tree.18 Thecompanyofdevassaw him,theten-
mark of a hundred merits", he displayed the wonderful thousandwasjoyous j paying homage they assembled,
marvel. elated, exultant, joyous.
10 Requested by the glorious deva, he, one with 19 T he Thirty-Three and Yama's (devas), also the
vision", supreme amongmen, leader of Happy devatiis, the devas who rejoice in creating, those
theworld",reflectingonthematterthen created a well- devas with power over others' creatings, their minds
wrought
II TheLord'....as rnaster''
Walk there with of the
all the three marvels: psychic
jewels. uplifted, happy, saw the leader of the world.
potency. the speaking of suitable disconrses'', and 20 Heavenly musicians, men, demons together with the
ins~ructi~nIO. The leader of the world created a well- devas, niigas, fairy-birds", and bird mens besides, saw that
wrought
jewels. . \\alk
' 12 InWith all the
the ten-thousand world-system he displayed, one who was compassionate for the world's welfare like the
like a course of pillars on (each) supreme mountain Sineru, orb of the moon high aloft in the zenith.
Walks made of +
21 (Devas
.A..s these of) menLight,
withLustrous
devas do(devas),
not knowVehapphala?
that of this
jewels. U The ConquerorU created a Walk spanning the (devas) and Akanittha devatas?
kind is this Buddha,supremeamong men, stood raising clasped hands,
andofthis
ten-thousand ; kindishispower of psychic potency, power of wisdom, and
clothed in garments and raiment that were very pure of
bright.
22
this kind And is they let fall Howe-s
the pO'wer of the five-hued
of a Buddha, benevolentmandjirava
towards
nimmitu (de,,":i) explained at BvAC. ..R as nimI?ana.rati devata: _ 2
1 mixed
the
S world with
Corne, sandal-wood
I will display powder, and they waved
the unsurpassed power wearing
of a
pamnimmitii explained at BvAC. 2& as paralllmr.utavasavatt~ apparel in the air then. Ah, the Conquerer compassionate for
devatl~. . 3 BvAC. 31 takes this to be the Marvel of the Double which Buddha: in the zenith I will create a 'Walk adorned with
the world's
jewels. welfare !
detail: d. DhA.in
It descnbes iii. 214i. . 1 BvAC. 12, with but a small amount of the dust of attachment, hatred ar:d
4 A compreher.eive staterncrrt including honour paid by animals and 23
confu5iull.
Thou, the teacher, flng and banner, and the
yakkhas, S Or a hundred marks of merit. 6 The eye of knowledge sacrificial
2 Dhnmmacanmean post the forscriptures,the
breathingTeaching,coricerrtration,wisdom,the
things, the resting-place,
which is fivefold and the bodily eye which is two whatcanbe
support, andparticularessence,voidness,merit,offence,
normal,the lamp (and island)S, supreme among men!
fold. See BvAC. 33· 7 He leeds tho world towards ddivprancc, BvAC. known,the four true things. Here the four true things are to be understood.
34. . . 8 The five masteries are adverting to, attaining, resolutely BvAC.
3 tadi, 13.
;<; who
J Jewels
01 is unaffected
were by what
in the middle. isthe
2 I.e. liked or disliked, BvAC. q . 4
Walk.
determining to remain in, emerging from the meditations, and mastery Referring
, Tree bothin thetodeva-world.
the light of his physical frame and to the light of wisdom,
over the reviewing impulsions, IlvAC. 35· . 9iideeanii atalktosuitthem BvAC. 15, which
4snpanna, also wing;
lovely quotesuS. i. 15.
kind of mythical bird.
entalmake-uportemperamentofthelistener. 10 Exh ort~tion in line with , AlI beings or
S kinnara without
kinnara,exception, IhAC.a18.
~ bird with head. animals are included,
Therefore
man's
the mental bent of the listener, BvAC. 34· 11 Or, " (the pillars) in the 6 Referring .nainly to his' ",vipulaphala,
•"Immenselyfru.tful elder Sakyan relations
BvAC.37, who were
VjhA. sneering
521. 7"Nu at him.
Walk made of jewels". 11 Of the defilements. Theyoungsters
reading na(or, h'pte jiln]ntihere",
inferiors) has been BvAC.accepted
37, lJA. ii,here
480,and
etc. in ver, L, in
preference
aBVAC. tonabho
38 explainstejariantiofBv.Verses3-6quotedat
dipa by both light nnd ialand, CpA.5.
 CH RONICLE OF BUDDHAS I JEWEL -\VALK

24 The devatas of the ten-thousand world-system, they let fall flowers of the five-hued mandiirava mixed
with sandal-wood powder.
great In psychic potency, attending UII (him) paid homage,
elated, Devatas
25 exultant, and
joyous.
deva-maidens, believing, their minds 37 Inasmuch, great hero, as the Wheel-mark is on your
elated, honoured the bull of men with the five-hued flowers. feet, the flag, the thunderbolt, the banner, with the
26 The company of devas saw him; believing, their decorative marks ofthe vaddham fina1 and the elephant-
minds elated, they honoured the bull of men with the five- 38
hook, so are you unique in form, in morality, concentration
hued flowers. and wisdom, equal to the unequalled in freedom, in setting
27 A.l-J., wonderful', astonishing, astounding-in the the Wheel of Dharnma tnrning.
world! Never before lias there been such an astounding 39 The natural strength of yom borly is as the strength
wonder as this. of ten elephants; yOll are without an equal in the power of
28 The devatlls, tach remaining in his own abode, psychic pote ncy, in setting th e Wh eel of Dh amma
laughed a mightylaugh OIl seeing thewonderinthezenith. turning.Pay homage to the great s;'lge, one with pity,
40
29 Those in the sky and 0 11 the earth, dwellers in grass protector of thc world(s)who is Furnished thus with all the
and on paths, clasping their hands paid homage, e ated, special qualities, end owed with all (th eir) factors.
exultant, joyous. 41 ZY Oll arc worthy of all respect, praising, reverence
30 And those nagas of long life-span, meritorious, great and laud ation, homage and honour.
in psychic potency, JOYDUS, paid homage to and honoured 42 Ofthosewhoshouldhe reverenced
the supremt among men. intheworld,ofthosewho arc worthy of reverence, you are the
3I They sent forth chants in the air and down the aery paths best of all, great hero, none like y OIl exists,
j they played on drums.' on seeing the wonder in the zenith.
32 And ill mid-air they played on conches, cymbals, and 43 Even aR he was standing on the Vulture Peak,
many a kettle-drum on seeing the wonder in the zenith. Sariplltta, of great wisdom, proficient in concentration and
33 Surely one who is astonishing, astounding, has meditation, saw the leader of the world.
arisen for us today. We shall obtain the fulfilment of our 44 Hesurveyed thehullofmenwhowaslikeaking
constant aim. The I1lUIIlent4 for us has come about. ofsalatrees in full bloom, like the moon in the heavens, like
3+ Hearing these say" A Buddha", zest arose at once. the sun at midday.
They stood with their hands clasped, saying"A Buddha, a 45 He saw the wise one, the leader who was blazing
Buddha".
35 Various beings, clasping their hands, moved about in like a tree of lamps, like the newly risen sun, illuminated by
the heavens cheering, applauding and uttering sounds of a halo extending for a fathom.
acclamation, 46 In an instant he had gathered together five hundred
36 TIIt:y ~ang, cried out exultingly, and played (on monks, their tasks done, steadfast ones, the cankers
musical instruments], they clapped their hands and they destroyed stainless. . ,
danced, and 47 He displayed the marvel called Iaking the World
1 ncchnriyn; if there is any overtone it is in th.. sense of 'rare' rather than of Bright3 (and said), "We too, going there, we will reverence
miraculo us.
210rna-harrlsana, lit. hair-raising and therefore to be precisely translated as the Con Ciucror.
'horrific'. Buthorrificimplies a greatersense of fear anddreadthanisintended
in thi s nnd similar passages. At VA. i. 75 and Mhvs-t, i. 30+ vaddhamdna appears to mean cunna
I

J cammanaddha, drums covered with skin. 4 T he timely or opportune pe~f~11l 1~J bath powder. All these were among the 32 Marks of a Great
period for leading the brahmacariya, see D. iii. ::63, A. iv, 225. 1\1:1Il:' , I'his ver, and next quoted IHh v~-t I+f. J BvAC. +6 says this is the
marvel of unveiling the world, lokavivarana.
 the teacher-;
0:1
Anuruddha, leader of a great host, ch ief of those of deva-like

I JEWEL -WALK
visi on-', best of kinsmerr', stood near the Lord ;
6r
48 Come, all of us will go, we will qu estion the Upiili, proficient in what is
Conqueror. When we have seen the leader of the world 'we an
will
49 dispelThese assen ted saying " It is good"; prudent, the
doubt"." offence and what is
faculties controlled, taking bowl and robe they went up (to not
him-) quickly. an
50 By means of psychic potency Siiriputta, of great
wisdom, approached with those whose cankers were offence, in what is curable", proclaimed chief in th e Vinaya6,
destroyed, stainless, tamed in the supreme taming.
51 By means of psychic potency Siiriputta, surrounded com mended by the Teacher7 ;
by these monks,leading thegreat host, approachedblazing? 62
likeadeva in lite heavens. The seer, son of M antiinl, nam ed PUD!)a and widely famed,
52 Carefully avoiding clearing the throat" and sneezing,
proper in practice, they approached the Self-Awakened One pene trated
with reverence, with deference. to
53 'When they had approached they saw the self- meanings delicate and
become, the leader of the world, the wise one high aloft in s ihtle, vr.ry glorious
the zenith like the moon in the heavens.
54 'I'hey saw the leader of the world who was blazing like a among speakers", having a following."
tree uf lamps, like lightning in the heavens, like the sun at 63
midday. 55 The five hundred monks all saw the leader of Knowing the minds of these th e sage skilled in similes, cutter
a dear pool, as a lotus in full bloom. 56 Holdingthe
up world
their like
clasped hands, elated, exultant, joyous. they off of doub t, great hero, spoke of his own spiritual qualities :
Ielldowr;payinghomage to theteacher's Mark of theWheel.
57 Sariputta, of great wisdom, like and similar to a
korar:uJa5 (flower), skilled in concentration and meditation,
reverenced the leader of the world;
58 :vloggallana, of great psychic potency, without an
equal in the powerofpsychic potency,thundering like ablack
storm-cloud, like and similar to a dark blue lotus";
59 andtheElderKassapa theGreattoo,rcsembling moltengolrJ7, I

jjvAC. 47 sees that an cxplanarion is needed here since arnhnnts have no d oubta ;
itconcludesthatas the Elder wantedto Question the Lordonlyahout the
Buddhavarnsa he spoke thus and did not mention a Buddha's range,
Buddauvisaya, 2 To Sariputta, HvAC. 49. 3 B,', He, BvAB laI3n:o. sporting, playing ;
BvAC jalanto (blazinc) devo aaaaneva, Evenif we accept lalanro, thesy.lable va
ismissing from Morris'sedn,

A recognised means of intimating one's approach.

6 Yellow two
These zmaranrh; one uftoit>
similiesin refer tnt' amythicalplantthatnever
blue colour
meanings fudcs.
of IVloggalliina's body due,
according to tradition, to his having suffered in Niraya for his cruelty to his
parents in a former birth.
, urratra, molten or burnished, glowing; owing to the colour of his skin.
 IIA SUMEDIIA

into the womb, then the earth of the ten-thousand
worldsystem quaked. When I, clearly conscious, issued
forth [rom my mother's womb the ten-thousand (world-
system) shook, sending forth its approval. T here is no
descent equal :0 mine as tu birth, issuing forth; in Self-
Awakening and turning the Wheel of Dhammal, I am
the best.
answer I cooling to the heart, rejoicing the world with the d
evas, 79 What was taught-, what was celebrated concerning
past Buddhas, Conqueror;, what was the traditional account
of
their teachings and acrivities-, he expounded for the
welfare of the world with the devas from his
discernment going back to his former habitations.

80 Keeping in mind" the acquiring of all the

7
l Ah, the wonder in the world ! the greatness of the attainments which is productive of zest and joyousness and
the removal of the darts of sorrow, listen to rr;e:
special qualities of Buddhas! In six ways the ten-thousand
worldsystem shook-, And great was the radiance,
81 Respectfully fare along" the Way6 which crushes
pride", drives away sorrows, delivers completely from
astounding the wonder, for at that time the Lord, bull of
sarnsara, (and) destroys all anguish.
men, was the eldest in the world.P By means of psychic 6+ These are the four inca1culables of which the extent
73 downthe
potency displaying
Conquerorhimself to men
walked with devas. Even ~s he
up and is not known : the aggregation of beings, and space, and
walked in the Walk the .eader of the world talked, nor did Concluded is the Section on the Jewel-'Walk
the infinite world-spheres, and the immeasurable
he turn back on the way as though he were on a walk of knowledge of a Buddha -it is impossible to ascertain these.
(only) four cubits ." Sariputta, of great wisdom proficient in 65 What is this IIwonderA ACCOUNT in the world that consists of my
OF SUMEDHA
concentration and display of psychic potency10: There are many other
74 meditation, attained to the perfection of wisdom, asked wonders,
I A hundred thousand
astonishing, astounding. eons and four incalculables
the leader of the world ;5 "Of what kind, great hero, suprclIlt: ago there 'was a city nam ed Amara, good to look upon,
among men, was your 66 2delightful.
When It resounded
I was in with the tengroup
the Tusita sounds",
I waswascalled
well
75 resolve? At what time, wise one, was su?reme provided with food and drink: the
Santusita then. The (inhabitants of the) ten-thousand, sound of elephants, the
Awakening aspired to by you?" Of what kind were giving, sound of horses. and of drums, chunks
having gathered together, clasping their hands, requested and chariots,
morality, renunciation, vvisdam and energy ? And of what me3: " Itaswellas
67 is time forof"Eat,
you, deva, drink",shoutedoutforvictuals
great hero, arise in the
kind were patience, truth-speaking, resolute determination, anddrink. The city
womb of a mother. Helping men with
W:lS complete in all respects.
the devasIt to
engaged
cross
loving-kindness, equanimity? Of what kind, wise one, leader in every ind ustry,
over, may you awaken untothe undying state."
uf the world, were you~ ten 684 WhenwasI, possessed
deceasing then of the seven
from kinds of
the Tusita treasures,
group, descended
n crowded
1 A. i. Z3.
with all kinds of people; prosperous as a deva-
perfections? How were the higher perfections fulfilled, city, it was a dwelling-place for doers of merit.
2 S"e S. ii. Il)7f" 'ThagA, iii. I 3~ , 1\Iiln. 389.
how the ultimate perfections?" Asked by him, he of the A. i.
1. 3HetoldSiiriputtathe
Z3. • whole of the DuddhaV'lInsafrnm the timeofhisown
voice sweet as a karavika's made • Helration
aS~ was
to a Sakyan,
the brother
culmination hisMahanarna
in of Awakening.and first cousin to the Buddha
3 Dham~a
Cotam".
connected S sltekicca. Of the 7 classes of offence against Vinaya regulations,
with the four truths, BvAC. 62.
1cr. II A. 36. 2 From cas: to west, west to east, from north to south, only th" fi:st, the
T Accunlmg Piirajika
to BvAC. 62 this
class,hasnoremedy;theother
comprised their eun, birth, Iineage, life-span,
south to north, from centre to edge, edge to centre, BvAC. 56. .
6~ee. mal» lind female
classesofoffenceare disciple.,
' curable' assemblies , at t ~ n clants , parents, wife
~ppropria te mean s. A. 1. Z.). : ~ee.
6
bY
andthe SOli . s Le, ~O t:ou ring the recollection of the Buddhas.
I think this rneuns his memory of former births, which was part of his 1 Le, 68, J~
listen. , i. 148,
6 Called theThagA.
teaching
ii. 10of1, the
etc. Buddhavamsa,
3
Vin. iii. 39,
omniscience, extended further back than that of anycne else; see e.g. 1. 79 All
PEDfoult. ufpridebeginning withthu;uf birth, DvAC. 63.See A. i. 146 and
and II Aforhismemory ofhimselfasSumcdhaahundredthousandeons andfour h. .I. s.
Z3,V. madn,
inealculablesago. Itisdifficultto know ....·hctherthe usualcomrnentarialzlossof 8
.o II
cr
T'Of. :11.
D '"
235, A. iii. 147,500
At llvAC.5ritissaid Miln, 196. e b he so·.mds of elephants, horses,
youngmenoffamilywentforthinhispresence, " .
jcttha, eldcat, by settha, best, covers this aspect ofjet jha. . .
4He did not turn back till he had reached tbe ends but th en did so d:
orn
chariots, drums,native
the Lord's ehanks, lutes,and
district, singing, ~vpossessed
all were al~: .•ongS, a.wellas
uf the l~ 1I ufI;;uud
"Partake
quickly. 5Ver. 7+-78 quoted CpA. 6. 0 Quoted DAT. ii. 16. themes 111. orcat",DvAC.66;
of,d.ddhl-vlkubbana.
rink,
232 101~cOu
. cr. .(for
r:se D. ii. whichseeM.i.145,iii.
147, " 3.A.v,67, 130, Miln.
344.etc.).
 In the city of countless
5 accumulating Amaravaticrores,
the brahman named
was rich Sumcdha-,
in plentiful
crops. 6 A repeater>, expert in mantras, master of the
three Vedas, he had reached perfection in the (science of)
Marks, the legenda rytradition, andtheobligatoryduties (of
abrahman).

Sittingin seclusion
7 anguish", I thoughtthusth
also the breaking en:physical
up of the "Again-becomingis
frame. 8
Liable to birth: liable to ageing, liable to disease am I then
; I will seck the peace that is unageing, undying, secure,4
Suppose I, casting aside this p utrid body filled with
9various
ordures, should go on indifferent, unconcerned? 10
Thereis, there mustbc5thatWay;itis impossible foritnot to
be. I shall seek that Way for the utter release from
becoming . II Even an anguish exists, happiness exists too,
so as becoming exists non-becoming also is to be desired.
12 Even as heat exists, coolness exists too, so as the
threefold fire exists nibbiina is to be desired. Even as
evilexists,lovelinessexiststoo,so asbi rthexists the unbom''
also is to be desired. 14 Even as a man fallen into filth ,
though seeing a brimming pool does not seek that pool,
that is not a defect in the pool.? 1 :>So, though the pool of
the Undying exists for washing away the stains of the
defilements, if one does not seek that pool, the defect is
not in the pool of the Undying. S 16 Even as that man who
is beset by enemies, while there exists a path [or escape
does not flee away, that is not a defect in the direct way. I"'I
So, the one who is beset by the defilements,while
thereexists a safe path does not seek that way, the defect
is not in the safe direct way .

1 For a much abridged account of Sumedha see DhA. i. 83f. introducing the
Ag gas svaka-vat t hu . ~ Of brahmanicnl texts. Cf. xxv. 10. r1 below. 3 Cf. Plate I :'\agay()n Corri:lor-Dipailkaraand Sumedhn.
Dh. 153. 4 Cf. M. i. 163 for these words used by the Bodhisatta Gotama
in his last
birth . 5 Read heluti, a future of hoti ( -<.: bhavati), with Be, DvA and JiL
i. +. and not hehi ti of By. 6 The unborn is nibbana which is the
quenching of the three fires of attachment and so fort h. 1 Cf. Miln. 353.
• cr. M iln . Z46f.
 I I A SU MEDHA II

18 And even as a man who has a disease, while there

exists a physician dOCR not get that disease cured, the
defect is not in the physician.
19 So, (if) the one who is anguished, hard pressed by
the diseases of the defilements does not seek that
teacher, that is not a defect in th e guider away',
20 And even as a man, having discarded a loathsome
ord ure tied to his ncck'', would go on at ease, ind
ependent, his own master,
2 I so, casting aside this putrid body, a conglomeration of
various ordures, I would go on indifferent, unconcerned. 22
Even as men and women, casting aside excrement in a
place for defecation, go on indifferent, unconcerned,
7.3 RO too 1, casting aside this body filled with various
ordures, will go on as one having eased himself (leaves) a
privy. z+ And even as the owners, having cast aside an
old, broken downandleaking boat,goonindifferent,
25
unconcerned,
so too I, casting aside this body of the nine
constantly streaming apertures', will go on as its owners
(leave) a worn-out boat.
26 And even as a man who, taking goods with him, is
going along with robbers, but seeing a danger of the goods
being plundered, goes on casting themf aside,
27 so too I, getting rid of this body which resembles a
great thief, will go on without danger of plundering what is
skilled".

28 SoI, having
thoughtthus,givingawaycountlesshundredsof crores! of
29
wealth to
Onrich
theand poor, went
IT.ountain up toDhammaka
named the Himavant.
close to the
Himavant myhermitagewaswellmade;wellconstructed
wasmyleafhut,"
30 I constructed a walk there that was clear of five defects7; I
I The gui der or leader away is the teacher of the way to release. n
~·AC . 72. 2 cr. Yin . iii. 68. M . i. 119f., A. iv, sn. 3 See Miln, 24
and .\1Q. i. 10 1 tornotesandreferences.
Le, the robbers. S See above, ver, S.

BvAC. 7S says this sounds as if Sumedha constructed the hermitage, .eaf-

hutandwalkwithhisownhands.Thisisnot so, Theywerefashioned by the
devaputta Vissakamma on receipt of a message from Sakka.
 IIA SUl\IEDHA
gained power in the super-knowings that was
possessed of eight special qualities." . . There I gave Rapt in the delight of meditation, I did not see the four
up my outer cloak that was endowed with nme signs of arising, of being born, of being awakened, of
defects? and clothed myself in a hark-garm ent that teaching Dhamma.!
37 (Thepeoplein)the border-country,havinginvited
was endowed with twelve special qualities.P
32 I gave up the leaf-hut that was filled with eight defe theTathagata, cleared the way for his coming, their minds
delighted, I, at that time, departing from my own
c~ s4 and approached the root of a tree that was endowed
hermitage, rustlingthe bark-garments, went through the
with ten special qualities. 5 • . 39
33 I completely gave up sown and planted g~am an~ air Seeing
then. the delighted populace, elated, exultant, joyous,
I descended from the heavens and immediately asked the
.ate WIld fruits that were possessed of countless special
people : 40 "Elated, exultant, joyous is the great populace-
qualities.
34 Within .aI week
stroveI reached
the striving there,
power whether
in the sitting, stand
super-knowings".
While I was thus attaining accomplishment and becoming
i~g , pacing.
for whom is the way being cleared, the direct way, the
a master in the teaching (for ascetics)", the Conqueror path and road?"
35
named Dipankara arose, leader of the world. 41 Asked by me, these declared-that an incomparable
Buddha had arisen in the world, the Conqueror named
Dipankara, leader oftheworld,anti that itwasfor him
I BvAC.70 saysthismeanspossessed of the8 sp~c i a l qu~l ities ~pokcn of 6 .us: thattheway, the direct way, the path and road was being
with the mind quite composed, quite purified, quite c1~ntied , without blem1sh: 4 2 When I heard "Buddh;,\", zest arose immediately.
cleared.
withcut defilement, grow n soft and workab le, fi.-.;.~d, IIT1m?yable. In t~e Pa!1
Canon these qualities frequently serve as the <t~ ek introduction to a meditator s Saying "Buddha, Buddha" Texpressed my happiness. 43
entrv to the super-knowings, abhiiifid. Cf. Jii. I. 7. . Standing there elated, stirred in mind, I reasoned, "Here
BvAC. 76 says thattheseare: thatitisvaluable, oneISdependent.on others,
2
will I sow seeds"; indeed: let not the moment-pass! 44 If
itsoonbecomessoiled through lise andsohasLube washedanddyed,
1tb.ec:omes wornout and must bcmended, itis difficult tohandleonthealm you are clearing for a Iluddha, give me one section. I
s:ound,ItISnot suitable forthe goingforth ofascetics(tapasa),itmus: be gu~rded myself will also clear the direct way, the path and road."
since opponents also have outer cloaks, when it is put on it takes the pl a~ 45 T hey gave me ::I section of the direct way to clear
e ot ad? r~m.C11 t, anc one who takes it when heis walkingfor alms has
then. Thinking " Buddha, Buddha", I cleared the way then,
BvAC.desires.
great
3 77: ithas Cr. In.I. 8.
novalue, causesnodependenceon.ot.hers,.canbemadeby oneself,
there is no need to mend it, or to fear robbers, It IS easily got re~dy f~ r the Refnre my section was finished, the great sage Diparikara,
almsround, is not regarded as an ado~e n~, do.es ~ot aro use .d ~slres , IS suitable the Conqlleror, entered upon the direct way with four
for ascetics, is comfortable, balk 15 eaaily ontamed, and rt IS of :'0
consequenceifbark-garmentsare lost.The r~an i ng of zuncmust be plural With
hlmdred thousand steadfast ones who had the six super-
dasahi-pf'Thaps from Skt. zunaih. . knowings, whose cankers were destroyed, stainless.
4 BvAC. 77: great preparations are needed to construct :t of grass, leaves
ani clay. Hut it gets old and has to he reconditioned, and then th~ re can be 1HvA-C. 79 says that 32 portent-signs 0: marvels, appear only on the four
110 one-pointedness of mind. ny. warding off.heat and cold 10vc1 ~nes.s of ?ody occasions when Bodliisauas are euteilng their rnother/s womb, i.3u:ng for th
results. It car. conceal wha t IS blamable (in conduct). It arou s~s a sense of from it, attaining awakening, ann turning the Dhamma-wheel. BvAC. 81f.
personaI pro L:'. .perry There
J e-sharing withis not
lice,onlv
Hess, sharinc with a compamon,
house-lizards and su but abo enumerates the 3Zportent-signsand givestheirsymbolism, cr. i. 70 above.
fOItho . . ' . Z dhunanto, shaking, tossing, rustling; d . xviii. II dhunamana which n eL
• [hAC. 77: no (or, few) preparations are needed, It 1S ~he re simply to be (who npparer:t1y did not refer to thc Corny.) translates 'trembling'. RhD.,
gone to, no blame in taking it, p:T~ ep tio n ~f impermanancc I~ ~onsta~lt. Bud. Birth Stories. p. 10 has "rustling'.
J Be reads Te me pUlih ~ viyakarns u, which gives th e regular 8 syllables.
see
th~ough
mg tee.hhang
e I'~s the
fn •"',leaves .. h
.,. ' " 11 3 lodging
IS 1 causmg
'1tl e do's no envy,
nor possess iL(asone
a chattel)
IS
ashamed
to(0eVIISlere,on
there It . .. ,!t:,'ata5, there is no oppcaition,itsuscis pleasing
_ . ' w. .:
assocratron Bv has vyakan su, giving 7 syllables. ] have here a note by .E. J. Thomas
forItISa matte~ f~r indifference that one goe<continually to a lodging at the which says :' I :lOW think that Bv is translated from the Skt., and that vyd-of the
ro ~t of tr~e s ' .Cf. Ja. I. 9. SI,t. has ?ee:J carelessly left by the translator-then we ouzht no: to correct
6 siisane ti vemanasatapasanarn siisane, EvAC. 83 (noticed at BVA~) ".Some
him." And :t a~d s, "There arc so :nnny irregularities of metre that many
lVISS. read siisentanaril viklsentfinaIi, Lapaslinari.,. BvAB ~ea d s sas:me I' of 4them IT.ay
Seeds of go Da<.:.<to
merit, BvAC.the author (or at least to the time when Bv was
rnanilsasanam siisanc. ~ turned
BvAC. 75 says this
vlv"ka 88. inte Pali)".
! khat;la, cf.rrtenrrs
i. 33 the 5 defects of a p.acc for pacing up and
down above. in: umformly hard,treesinside
it,denselycovered.toonarrow,toowide.Cf. ]a. i. 7.
14 CHRO NICL E OF B UDDHAS
47 Many were those who, beating drums, were going
forward to meet him. Men and deities", rejoicing, made
applause. 48 D evas saw the lllell2 and the men saw the
their hands clasped, followed
devatiis, the T athiigata.
and both,
49 The devas with deva-like musical instruments, the
men with man-made ones", both playing on these, followed
the T athagata,
50 Deities ill the zenith of the sky poured down in all
directions deva-like mandarava flowers, lotuses, flowers of
the Coral Tree.
5[ The men on th e surface of the earth threw up in all
directions flowers of campaka, salala, nipa, niiga, punnaga
and ketaka.
52 Loosening Illyhair, spreading my bark-garments
and piece of hide then: in the mire, I lay down prone.
53 " Let the Buddha go treading on me with his disciples.
Do not let him tread in the mi: e-it will be for my welfare."
54 While I was lying on the earth it was thus in my mind:
If I so wished I could burn up my defilements today.
55 '~'hat 4 is the use while I (remain) unknowns of
realizing dharnrna here? Ilaving reached omniscience, I will
become a Buddha! in the world with the devas,
56 What is the use of my crossing over alone, being a
man aware of my strength? Having reached omniscience, I
will cause the world together with the dcvas to cross over.
57 Bythisactof meritof minetowardsthesupremeamong
men I will reach omniscience, I will cause many people to
cross over.
ISeenoteto IIA. 71 2Textto becorrected to devilrnanusse,
See e.g. DA. 617, MA. ii. 3° 0, SA. i. 191, VvA. 37 and Mhvs-t, 518 for the 5
J M. nr . 65, AOn
kinds: arata (a drum), vitata (another kind of drum), atatavitata (a lute), susira
(a bamboo Rutc), gha na (a cymbal).
•kimisanexpressionforthecon trary,acontrast,opposition,BvAC. <;0. This
ver, is quoted Mhvs-t, IS. , annatavescna, glossed at BvAC. \10 as
apakatavcscna nvifuiat,ma paticcharmeria,
6 Awakened, one who awakem ; crossed over, one who causes (others) to
cross over;freed, onewhofrees, HvAC.90. Hisaspiration for
Buddhahoodwasmade therefore with the welfare uf the "uIM in view, beside
which Iris own realization of Dhammaand hisown c-ossing over faded into
insignificance, Bothhad been accomplished without any instruction from a
teacher, ef. BvAC. [0. The verse is quoted there and at D..\.. 466, MA. ii, 170
with tarayissarn for Buddho hessam which :s the reading also at l a. i, 14
IIA SUMEDHA IS
Cutting through the stream of sarnsara, shattering the
three becomings", embarking in the ship of Dhamrna-,
I will cause the world with the devas to cross over.
Human
59 ing existence',
a Teacher, goir.gattainment of the (male)
forth", attainment of thesex",
special
cause, see
qualities, an act of merit, and will-power-by combining
these eight things the resolve succeeds." 60 Dipankara,
knower of the worldis)", recipient of offerings", standing
near my head, spoke these words:
6[ Do you see this very severe ascetic, a matted hair
ascetic? Innumerable eons from now he will be a Buddha
in the world .
62 9Having departed from the delightful city of Kapila,
the Tathagata will strive the striving'? and perform
austerities. After sitting at the root of the Ajapala tree and
accepting milk-ricethere, theTathagata will go to the
Nerafijara. When he has partaken11 of the milk-rice on the
bank of the Neraiijara, that Conqueror will go to the root of
the Tree of Awakening by the glorious way prepared.
65 Then, having circumambulated the dais of the Tree
of Awakening, the unsurpassed one of great renown will
awaken at the root of an Assattha tree.
1The sensuous, fine-material and immaterial spheres where are defilements d
ue to karnrna, DvAC . 91. 2
ThisistheariyaneightfoldWayforcrossingoverthefourfloods,DvAC.9 I.
Cf.thethreequalitiesofa shipthatshould bead opted,Miln. 37 M• J Very difficult
to attain. Sec simile of the blind turtle, M. iii. r6<), S. v. 455. referredto
atThlg.500, Miln, 204, As!' 6o; d. A. i. 35 "so few are the beings born among
mer.". 4::.1; is im~ossib le that a woman .•. could he a Fully Self-
Awakened . 1.e",
28. " Bodhisattas who have made the aspiration . . . do not
go to ferr.ale status", itthibhiivam na gacchanti, CpA. 3'0.
•S Only Bodhisattas who have gone forth into h;meless:1ess win Self-
Awaken-In~ ; hou.cholderscannotcoso, BvAC.92.This verseis oftenquoted.
7 Ver. quoted e.g. at SnA. 48. Ja. i. 1.1-, CpA. 16.ApA. [6.18,140, etc. . He knew
the world profoundly, its arisings, cessation and the means for
Its .IJI -,
c~s satlOn . •e a so knew the three worlds: of the constructions, of beings,
of lo~n~lon ~ hal~ iL ali o?s ofbeings),HvAC. 93f.,Vism.:;:04and sec
S. i. (,2, A. ii. 49f. T a?utmam pllt.ggllho. Cf. Miln. IS'lff-for the dilemma of
a.t~~gata
whether the was a recil?ient, labhin (ofthe requisites) or not.
. ver. 62-69 WIth xx. 14-2 1. 10 This is energy. J-11.AtBythis .Iille reads
Nt:ndljaraya tframhi pilya.a:h ,idil(Be ad~) so jino; at :i~ '-I. 16 Ne~aiiJ a
r:iya
aya,tire piiY"~llm
Readmg at xx.iidiiYll
•6 is Sri jino,:ino.
asati ,3-dii is a cortracted form of
 C H RONICLE OF D DD H AS
66 His gcnetrix and mother! will be named Maya, his
father Suddhodana; he will be named C;otama. Kolita and
Upatissa, cankerless, stains gone, tranquil in mind,
concentrated, will be the chief disciples.
68 Ananda
willbethenameoftheattendantwhowillattendon this
Conqueror. Khema and Uppalavanna will be the chief
women disciples, cankerless, stains gone, tranquil in mind,
concentrated. T hat Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to be
the Assattha. Citta and Hatthalavaka will he the chief (lay)
attendants. Nandamata and Uttarf will be the chief women
(lay) attendants.
When thev had heard these,words of the great seer-
who was without an equal, men and deities",
rejoicing, thought " Sprout of the Buddha-seed is this".
The sounds of acclamation went on ; the (inhabitants
of the) ten-thousand (world-system) with the devas
clapped their hands, laughed, and paid homage with
i3 clasped hands. (Saying) " If we should fail of the
Dispensation
tector of this
of theworld",in distant future we willbe faceto
thepro
face with this one.f 74 As men crossing 2 river but, failing of
the ford to the bank opposite, taking a ford lower down
cross over the great river, .-even so, all of us, if we miss
(the
IJ words of) this Conqueror'',
inthe distant futurewillbe facetofacewith thisone."
J'I'he words janika mara are used tu distinguish Maya, the mother ~ho
bore him, fro:n lvI"hapajiipati, his aunt who nurtured hun and acted as
hIS second mother . 2 isi, usually translated 'seer', is perhaps more
properly 'see~er ' , BvAC'.98 says " the !p"eat ~e e r se~ ;che::l and ques
ted Ior the great catcgorres of morality, conccntrutron , wisdom. . J
naramaru; a description where mara includes all the nagas and
yakkhas 1:1 the ten-thousand world-system, BvAC. 98.
• Dipankara. SThepresent Bodhissreawhenhehasbecomethe ~uddh~ named
Gotama. 6 yadi muficam' imam jinarn. It seems the meaning might be rather
well expressed by the colloquial " miss out on" this Conqueror. The people,
probably not prepared for rhe advent of II Buddha in their midst,
comforted themselvesbvthinkngthatif the: did notandcould notmakethen
os,ofthepresent oppcrtunitv they would have another chance, in same
future birth, when tl:e Ilodhisattahad becomeaBuddha, ofcrossing
overtothedeathlessstale under
pha ldh"rii.
his Dispensation.UnfortunarelyBvAisufnohelp here.
Theversesarcrepeated in full at xxv. :l6-:;o.
IIA SUIVIEDHA
Dipankara, knower of the world(s), recipient of
offerings, proclaiming my kamma, raised his right
7i foot.' All the sons of the Conqueror who 'were there
me
wentkeeping
round their right sides towards me ; devas,
mankind and demons (then) departed, saluting
respectfully. When the leader of the world with the
Order had passed beyond my sight, rising from my
prostrate posture, I sat cross-legged then. r was
happy with happiness,
79 flooded zest as I satjoyful with joyousness,
cross-legged then. 80 and
Sitting
cross-legged I thought thus then: I have come to mastery
in the meditations, gone to perfection in the super-
knowings. In the (ten) thousand worlds there is no seer
equal to me; without an equal in the states of psychic
potency I obtained happiness of this kind.
82 While I was sitting cross-legged eminent denizens
of the ten-thousand sent forth a great shout: Assuredly
you will be a Buddha.
83 Those former portents that were manifest when
Bodhisattas were sitting cross-legged are manifest today:
84 Cold was dispelled and heat allayed : these are
manifest today. Assuredly you will be a Buddha. 85 The
ten-thousand world-system was silent and undisturbed:
these are manifest today. Assuredly you will be a Buddha.
86 Great winds did not blow, streams did not flow: these
are manifest today. Assuredly you will be a Buddha.
87 Flowers arisen on dry land and arisen in the water
all flowered then ; all these are flowering too today. Assure
dly you will be a Buddha.
88 As creepers and trees were fruit-bearing-then, all
these are fruiting too today. Assuredly you will be a
Buddha.Treasures3 of the sky and of the earth were shining
89
then; all thesetreasuresareshiningtoo today.Assuredlyyou
will bea Buddha.
Cf. ver. 60 above
J
2'
lad phaladhara; Be,
Ja. i, I II phalabhara, which at BvAC. 100 is glossed by
J
ratana, glossed by BvAC. 100 as muttiidini. pearls and so forth.
IS CH R ONICLE OF DUDDHAS
Man-made and deva-like musical instruments! were
played thcn; both these are sounding ton today.
Assuredly you will be a Buddha.
Various flowers rained down from the heavens then ;
these are manifest too today. Assuredly you will be a
Buddha. Thegreat seareceded, theten-thousand.quaked;
boththese are sounding too today. Assuredly you w111
be a Bu:dd h~ . Even the ten thousand fires in the
93
Nirayas were extinguished then; these fires are extingll
i~hed too today. Assuredly you will be a Buddha.
The sun was stainless, all the stars were visible; these
9 are manifest too today. Assuredly you wi 1be a Buddha.
Though it had not rained , water gushed from the eartI~
+ then ; it is gushing from the earth too today. Assuredly
you will be a Buddha.
95 Hosts of stars and conste lations are shining in the
vault of the heavens. Visak..~a is in conjunction with
the moan. Assuredlv you will be a Bnddha.P (Anirnals)
having lairs in holes, !airs in caves, carne forth each
97
from its lair ; these lairs are rejected too today.
Assuredly you will be a Buddha. There was no tedium
among beings, they were contented then; all are
contented too today. Assuredly you will be a
Buddha.
Illnesses were allayed then and hunger abolished;
99
these are manifest today. Assuredly you will be a
100 Buddha.. Attachment3 was slight then, hatred and
awaywith;allthesearegonetoo
confusion ?one today.Assuredlyyou willbe
a Buddha. Fear did not exist then; this is manifest too
today. By this sign we know : Assuredly you will be a
10 1 Buddha. . ,
Dust did not fly up; th i~ is manifest too today. By this
SIgn we know: Assuredly yOll will be a Buddha.
102
Unpleasing smells went away, a dcva-like scent was
10 3 w~fted round; that scent is blowing too today.
Assuredly you will be a Buddha.
See note II A. 49·
1 I
2QuotedDAT.ii. 20 insupport 0: itsstatementthat thegreatresolveufal
Buddhasis(made) during theasterism 0:Visiikhii.
3 I.e. to sen.e-I' le"~l\r e~, RvAC. 101.
IIA S UMEDHA
All the devas except
theformlessonesweremanifest;allare visible too today.
l°S Assuredly you will be a Buddha. As far as the Nirayas
is visible too
everything wastoday.
visibleAssuredly you will be a Buddha.
then ; everything
I06 \Valls, doors and rocks were no obstacle then; they
are as space too today. Assuredly you will be a Buddha. At
that moment! deceasing and arising did not
I07 aremanifest too today. Assuredlyyou willexist; these I0 8
bea Buddha.
Firmly exert energy; do not turn back, advance. vVe
discern this too : Assuredly you will be a Buddha.
I09 When I had heard the utterance both of the Buddha
and of the ten-thousand.I elated, exultant, joyous, I
thought thus then :
II0 The utterance of Buddhas is not of double meaning,
the utterance of Conquerors is not false, there is no untruth
in Buddhas. Assuredly I will be a Buddha.
III As a clod of earth cast into the sky assuredly falls to
the ground, so is the utterance of the best of Buddhas
assured and eternal. There is no untruth in Buddhas.
Assuredly I will be a Buddha.
II2 Astoothedyingof allcreaturesis
assuredandeternaP,sois the utterance of the best of
Buddhas assured and eternal. T here is no untruth in
Buddhas. Assuredly I will be a Buddha. Ason the waningof
the nightthe risingofthesun is assured, sois theutteranceof
thebestofBuddhasassuredand eternal. Thereisnountruthin
Buddhas.AssuredlyIwillbea Buddha.
A.Rthe roaringofalion whenheleaveshisden isassured,
so is the utterance of the best of Buddhas assured and
eternal. There is no untruth in Buddhas. Assuredly I
will be a Buddha.
lIS As the delivery of a pregnant woman is assured, so
is the utterance of the best of Buddhas assured and
eternal. T' ere is no untruth in Buddhas. Assuredly I will be
1I6
a Buddha.
Come, Iwillexaminethe things making aBuddha, hereand
1.e, when former Hodhisattas were sitting cross-legged, BvAC. 102. d 2
Reading at He and la. i, 19dasasahasslnac'ubhayarn to beadopted for
Bv's asa ~,.ha&si nn cubhayalil. 3 Meaning 'inevitable'. RvAC. 10 3.

there, above, below, (in) the len quarters, as far as the
ideational element.' 117 Examining, I saw then the first
perfection, that of Giving, the great path pursued by the
great seers of 01d.2
118 You, having made firm, undertake and go on to this
first perfection, that of Giving, if you wish to attain
Awakening. 119 As a full jar overturned by whatever it may
water completely and does not retain it there, be discharges
120 so, the
seeing supplicants, low, high or middling, give a gift
completely" like the overturned jar.
121 But not these few only can be the Buddha-things. I will
examine other things too that are maturing for Awakening.
122 Examining, I S&\V then the second perfection, that of
Moral ity, follov..ed and practised by the great seers of old.
123 You, having made finn, undertake and go on to this
second perfcctior., that of M orality, if you wish to attain
Awakening. 124 And as a yak-cow if her tail is caught in
injure her tail, but gOtS to death there, 125 anything, does not
so, fulfilling the
mural habits in the four planes", protect morality
continuously like the yak-cow her tail. 126 But not these
few only can be the Buddha-things. I will examine other
things luo that are maturing for Awakening. 127 Examining,
I saw then the th ird perfection, that of Renunciation,
followed and practised by the grcat seers of old.
128 You, having made firm, undertake and go on to this
third perfection, that uf Renunciation, if you wish to attain
Awakening.
129 As a man who fur lung has ived painfully afflicted III
a prison does not generate attachment there but seeks
only freedom,
130 so do you see all becornings as a prison. Be one
turned toward renunciatiun for the utter release from
becoming.
1 Referring to the dharnmas of sense-pleasures, fmc-materiality and irn
materiality, D,·AC .
10+ Quoted CpA. 28-1-. 2 r. f. CpA. 277. 3By giving away
all one's wealth or;c fulfils the perfection 01 giving; one
fulfils the higher perfection ofgivingbygiving allY ofone's Iirnbs; one ~Ifi ls
the ultimate perfection of giving hy sacrificing onf" ~ life ; see BvAC. 105 .
4The fourplanes:control 1J)' taePatimokkha,controloverthesense-organs,
complete purity of livelihood, reliar.ce only on the requisites (of a
bhikkhu's dailylife), llvAC. 106;cf. l\Iiln.336.
IIA SUMEDHA 2r
131 But not these few only can be the Buddha-things. I will
examine other things too that are maturing for Awakening.
132 Examining,Isaw thenthefourthperfection,thatof
followedand practised by thegreatseers ofold.Wisdom,
133 You, having made firm, undertake and go on to this
fourth perfection, that of Wisdom, if you wish to attain
Awakening. 13+ And as a monk, looking for alms, not
middling families", acquires sustenancethus,
avoiding135 sohigh
low, you,or
questioning discerning people-all the time, going on to the
perfection of Wisdom, will attain Self-Awakening. 136 But
not these few only can be the Buddha-things, I will examine
other things too that are maturing for Awakening. 137
Examining, I saw then the fifth perfection, that of Energy,
followed and practised by the great seers of old. I 38 You,
having made firm, undertake and go on to this fifth
perfection, that of Energy, if you wish to attain Awakening.
139 And as a lion, the king of beasts.
. whether
b' he is lying
downstanding or walking, is not of sluggish energy but is
always exerting himself,
140 so you too, firmly exerting energy in every becoming,
going on to the perfection of Energy, will attain Self-
Awakening. 141 But not these few only can be the Buddha-
things, I will
examine other things too that are maturing for Awakening.
142 Examining, I saw then the sixth perfection , that of
Patience , followed and practised by the great seers of old.
143 You, having made firm, undertake this sixth ; with mind
unwavering therein you will attain Self-Awakening. 144 And
as the eartl·. endures all that is thrown down on it, both
pure and impure, and shows no repugnance (or) approval:',
145 so you too, patient of all respect and disrespect, going
on to the perfection of Patience, will attain Self-Awakening.
146 But ~ot these few only can be the Buddha-things. I
exammeother things tooth atarematuring
wiII for Awakening. ~
When he is walking for alms a monk should visit the families in a
successive orcer and no: pick and choose between :hem. 2"What,
sir,isskill? What unskill? Whatis blamable? What bl ~ mclt:., ?"BvAC.
T08.
<_Bv reads.dayam which could mea n kir.dness (appreciation?); BvACB
read ;:~b remarkmg that dayam is also a reading. Asl (Siam. edn.)
reads dvayam, '" hoth: I lak~ daya in the sense of anunaya, affec:ion,
16 1 n. 122,
inclination, cuurtesy, nit which P~.. tl"e:Jh.. , a repu gnance, resista. nce, IS .
5, 187. cr.ver, 164 below.
somet..imes pan-ed C.g . " 1\0'T"I

147 Examining, I saw then th e seventh perfection, th at
of Truth (-speaking), followed and practised by the great
148
seers ofYou,
old. having made firm, undertake this seventh : by
speech vvithout double-meaning therein you will attain Self-
Awakening.
149 And as Osadhi! is balanced-for devas and mankind
in (all) times and seasons-and does not deviate from her
source, so you too must not deviate from the course of the
150
Truths; going on to the perfection of Truth (-speaking), you
will attain Self-Awakening.
151 But not these few only can be the Buddha-things. I
will examine other things too that are maturing for
152 Examining, I saw then the eighth perfection, that of
Awakening.
Resolute Determination, followed and practised by the great
seers of old.
153 You, having made firm, undertaking this eighth,
being stable therein, will attain Self-Awakening.
154 And as a mountain, a rock, stable and firmly based,
does not tremble in rough winds but remains in precisely its
own place,
155 so you too must be constantly stable in resol ute
determination j going on to the perfection of Resolute
Determination, you will attain Self-Awakening.
156 But not these few only can be the Buddha-things. I will
examine other things too that arc maturing for Awakening.
157 Examining, I saw then the ninth perfection, that of
Lovingkindness, followed and practise ' by the great seers
158
of old. You, having made firm, undertaking this nimh, be
without an equal in Loving-Kindness if you wish to attain
Awakenmg.
159 And as water pervades with coolness good and evil
people alike and carries away dust and dirt, 160 so you too,
by developing loving-kindness for friend and foe'
1AtVism. 4:2 amongthedifferent lightsthelightof thisstarisas thatof the
chief disciples. At BvAC. IIO it is said healing herbs, osadha, are gathered
when this star has risen, so it is called Osadhi, the star of heeling, cr.
PyA. 71 whereit is agiver of strengthto medicinal herbs.
Z tuliibhutii ti pamanabhuta, the balance means the measure. The 'balance'
seem, connected with the star's undeviating course. See also ver.
163 below. JThehotweather, thecold weather, andtherains, ByAC. 110. 4
hitiihite, BvA reads ahitahita.
IIA S UMEDHA
equally, going on to the perfection of Loving-
kindness,' will attain Self-Awakening, But not these
few only can be the Buddha-things. I will examine
other things too that are maturing for Awakening.
162 Examining, I saw then the tenth perfection, that of
Eq uanimiry, followed and practised by the great seers of
old. You, having made firm, undertaking this tenth, being
balanced.e firm, will attain Self-Awakening. And as th e
earth is indifferent to the impure and the pure thrown down
on it and avoids both anger and courtesy.I
165 so you too must be balanced always in face of the
pleasant :1Od unpleasant and, going on to the perfection of
Equanimity, you will attain Self-Awakening.
166 So few as these only are those things in the world
maturing for Awakening. There is nothing elsewhere
beyond these". Be established firmly in thern.!
W hile I was reflecting on these th ings with their
intrinsic nature, traits and characteristic marks, the
earth" and the ten-thousand quaked because of the
incandescence of Dhamma.?
168 The earth" moved and squea.ed like a sugar-cane
mill on being pressed; the earth? shook thus like the wheel
in an oil press.P
169 As many as comprised the company at the alms-
giving to the Buddha, they lay there fainting on the ground,
trembling.
1 Bv mettaparamirn: Be and Iii. i. 24-piramitarh.
2 tuliibhiita, re:naining in a state of indifference-Eke the beam of a
balance that is weighted evenly, so the balance remains even and does
not rise Or fall one wayOrtheother,BvAC. 113. cr. above, ver, 149.
J Cf, ver. 144 above, 4 The Bodhisa:ta reflects that they are net in the
sky nor on the earth nor in anyufthe quarters I::utonlyinhisheart,BvAC.
113. 5Accordingto BvAC. 113 the Bodhisatta,by resolute deterrninnrion,
rf~f1petc rl or: !he perfectiom in forward and in reverse order and,
further, beginning in the ml ~dle be brought them to an end at both
limits and then brought them back agam to the middle. 6 vasllc1hil.
: Here ~eaning hisknowledgeofconsolidatingtheperfections,BvAC.
r14. 9 Pu\ha VI at B\', puthuvl at BvAC, pa tha vi at Bn\B. mcdini.
Like the higwheel of mechanisms (turning), c~kkikiln RTi1 mah
• 10
acakkayantarh \"IY3, DyAC. 1 14 .
 C HRONICLE OF BUDD HAS
Countless thousands of water-jars and many a
hundred pitcher were shattered and crushed there
striking against
another. The greatone
populace anxious, alarmed,
terrified, staggered, their minds in confusion, having
gathered together ap
proached Dipankara :
"\Vhat 'will happen, good or evil, to the world? The
whole world is disturbed. One with vision, remove
173 this." Dipankara, the great sage, assured them then:
"Have
fidence,con
have no fear of this earthquake. lie of whom I
declared today that he will be a Buddha in the 'world
is reflecting on the Dhamma that was followed by
former Conquerors." The Dhamma reflected on by
175 him is the entire plane-of
Bud dhas. It is for this reason that the earth of the
tenthousand with the devas and men is shaking."
lIaving heard the Buddha's words, their minds 'were
calmed at once. All, approaching me, greatly
reverenced.'
agam . lIavingmeundertaken the special qualities" of
177 Buddhas, having
made firm my purpose, I paid homage to Dipankara
and arose from my seat then.
As he was rising from the scat Loth devas and men
showered down deva-likc and earthly flowers. And
179 these pronounced ~ s,,[cty-blessing, both devas and
men : Great is your aspiration, may you obtain what you
wish . Mayall calamities be avoided, all il ncsses be
ISO done away with,
rna)' there be no stumbling-block5 for you, Quickly
reach supreme Awakening. As flowering trees flower
when the season has come, so do
lSI you, great hero, flower with a Bu ddha's knowledge. As
they whoever that wen: Self-Awakened Ones fulfilled the
182
I During the time they were Dodhisatt<ls, BvAC. 116. z
Buddha, DvAC. 1:6. J abhivandirnsu; C" vandisurn, Ja.
4BvAC. IIi
explains Buddhaguneby paramiyo,theperfections. S Bv reading
bhavantvantarayo ; J:lvAC. [ 17 bhavatvantarilyo, noted at Be
whic h reads -aularilya : Iii. i. 2,7 rna te bhm'atu antnriyo.
liB 1. DIpANKARA
ten perfections, so may you, great hero, fulfil the ten
perfections. As they whoever that were Self-
Awakened Ones awakened on the dais of a Tree of
Awakening, so may you, great hero , awaken in a
Conqueror's Awakening. As they whoever that were
Self-Awakened Ones set turning the Wheel of
Dhamma, so may you, great hero, set turning the
Wheel of Dharnma. As the moon shines clear on a full-
moon night, so do you shine fully in the ten-
thounsand.
186 As the sun, freed from Rahu-, blazes with
splendour, so do you, freed of the world-, shine with glory.
As whatever are thoserivers that flow'intothegreat ocean,
50 may the world with the devas flow into your presence.
Praised and lauded by these, he, undertaking the ten
things, fulfilling those things, entered the forest-then.
Concluded is the Account of Snrnedha
n B THE FIRST CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE LORD
niPANKARA
189 T hen they", having entertained the leader of the
world with the Order, approached that teacher, Dipankara,
for refuge.
190 !he Tathagata established some in going for refuge,
sane In thefivemoralhabits, othersin thetenfoldmorality",
1 The demon of eclipse.
"Bv,BeIo:{a muncitva,BvAC. IIS muccitva.The analogy would be "freed from
the ~ire oftheworld" nna lotusinfreed fro0'.muddywater. 1'luncitv5 ~o nn
a]Jy IS the active, however, and so .Ta. i. 28 reads 10kaP,1 muficitvfi,
rec~ the world. Butthereis someconfusionbetweenthe active(mufic-) and
having
the pas'lYe (lUU<':C~) , possibly scribal since fic and cc are very similar, Cf.
abbha m~tto va candima at M . ii. IOf, Dh. 38~ .
Perfection of"
• On l.Vlount Dhamrnaka, HvAC. II9. f 11 BvAC. ~ l? , .12 2 calls these the
i. 27 abhivandiyurn. inhabitants of Ramma city who were layB'v~Ce~ . '1 hi" .s the city
Dipankara entered after he had won Awakening,
s C· 4, ~6. go. 128 . See also II B. :107. ompnsed under right
conduct of body, speech and thought.
 lIB I. OiPANKARA

To some he gave recluseship! in the four supreme MountNaradat, therecametogethera hundredcroreswhose

fruits ; to some he gave the analytical insights", things cankers were destroyed, stains gone.s 200 During the time
without an equal. 'f a somethe the great hero was on Sudassana mountainthegreat
bullofmengavetheeightglorious attainrncnts; he sage'invited' withninetythousandcrores.
bestowed the three knowledges" OIl some and the six
super-kn owings. 20 1 I at that time was a matted-hair ascetic, severe in
193 In this fashion the great sage exhorted the austerity, moving through mid-air, expert in the five super-
multitude. By this means the Dispensation of the protector knowings.
of the world was wide-spread. 202 There was penetration of Dhamma by tens and
194-He, named Dipankara, mighty in jaw', broad of twenties of thousands. P enetration by ones and twos was
incalculable by computation.
shoulder:', caused many people to cross over, he freed t
203 The well purified Dispensation of the Lord
hem from a bad bourn.
Dipankara was widely famed then among the populace ; it
195 Seeing people who could be awakened-even though was successfu ,4 prosperous."
they were a hundred thousand yojanas away, in a moment
204 Four hundred thousand having the six super-
that greatsage,goingup to them,awakenedthem. At the first
knowings, having great psychic potency, continuously
penetration" the Buddha awakened a hundred erores; at the
surrounded Dipankara, knower ofthe worlcl(s).
second penetration the protector awakened ninety crores.?
205 Despisedwerethoseinitiates"whoatthattimedeparted this
life as human beings7 without haying attained their
197 And when the Buddha had taught Dhamma in a purpose. 206 T he fully flowering Word shone forth
devaabodef there was the third penetration hy ninety continuously with arahants who were steadfast ones, their
thousand crores. The teacher Dipankara had three stainless. 207 Rammavatl" was the name cankers
of the city,
destroyed,
assemblies; the first gathering was of a hundred thousand
Surnedha? the name
crores,
199 Again, when the Conqueror had gone into aloofness on 1 H ere BvAC. 12 .~f. gives an exciting story of Dipankara's conquest of a
malignant ~an-eating yakkha who lived on this mountain. Eventually the
yakkha realized, however, that all the harm he tried to do to the Buddha
1 EvAC . 123, quoting S. v, 25 (also quoted at DA. 158) says the Way is recoiled
only or. hi:ns€lf.
called rec1useshipaccordingto uhimate truth. 2 This assembly is called 03C tha: is ca:urangasamannagata, i.e, possessed of
2 The four pati ;"mhh:nii are those of meaning, of Dharnma (or dhamma,
(th ~ fo12ow.ing) four factors: all present had been ordained by
mental states), of language, and of perspicuity (or fluency in expression
the'Come, m~,lk. formula, all were possessed of the six super-knowings,
and knowledge).
3 Knowledge uf deva-like vision, of rccollectiorrof one's former habitations,
all
month), BvAC.umnv1t~n
had come , andg?n.e
126. : Ha:..!ng the day was
there forthc Observance
the rains. This day
was that was
the third
0: the destruction of th p. cankers, BvAC. 123. 4 Among the
the fifteenth (of thc
assembly. l Le, HI .tnllnlllgpeoplein thehigher moralityandso
32l\"larks of 3 Great M an. S Because they were accessible to a
Buddha's teachings, BvAC. 1 ~4 .
I.c,..
forth.Cf,viii.5,xxvi,9. ~ mlndfulness and concentration prospercd,
• Two penetrations,abhisamaya,arcrecognized at Vism,216: that ofdevelop- BvAC. ""7. InitIates, sekha, are those who have attained an)' of the four
mcnt(ofthe W"y) and that ofrealization (ofnibbana).Di pankara'sfirst 'pene- first thand
Ways fruithe
.
hi ree rumens(defined MA.i.40)buthavenotwonthefruit ofarahant: dAB\'AC .
tration' was after he had turned the Dharnma-Wheel in Sunanda-ararna, 128. Fer the verse cf. xxvi, II and S. i. 12:, quoted DhA. i. 432 n7 . ~l. I~O ;
IhAC.
124. Call ed Nanda at ver, 212. 7 This was wlren he was teaching
~f. also S. v, '4. A. i, 23' for definition of sckha, ~a ann manusarh bhavam,
Dhnmma principally to hi. own son in a way similar to (Gotama's)
Exhortations to Rahulu, BvAC. 124. lit. put off human status. The above translation p ,,~ ~ps swes greater
clarity, however. Cf. xxvi, I I. iv aRamlna at DhA, i, 83 with v. 1I. Rammavatt,
8Thiswasafterhe hadperformed theMarvelof theDoubleunderan acacia tree, g es mrna 'I'hnp, zi, abo
Ambaravart,
had gone to Tdvatimsa and there taught the 7 parts uf the Abhidhammn, • BVAC. 1;9 S:1deva.
principally to his m other, BvAC. 12+

of the warrior-noble, Sumcdha was the name of the
mother of Dlpankara, the teacher. 208 He lived the
household life for ten thousand years. And the three superb
palaces were Harnsd, Koficd , ~1ayiira .
209 There were three hundred thousand beautifully
adorned women. His 'wife was named Padumfi, his son was
named Usabhakkhandha.'
210 After he had seen the four signs the Conqueror
departed mounted on an elephant; he strove the striving for
a full ten months.
2II Aflcr he had engaged in the striving the sage
awakened to his purpose. On being requested by Brahma, D
~ agc , great
lpankara,
2[2 great hero, turned the 'Wheel in the Nanda-park in
Sirighara. Sitting at the root of a Sirisa2, he cru shed the
sectarians. 2[3 Sumangala and Tissa were the chief disciples,
Sagata was the name of the attendant of Dipankara, the
2 14 NanJa and Sunanda 'were the chief women disciples.
teacher.
That Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to be the Pipphali.P
215 Tapussa" andDhallikawere thechiefattendants;Sirima
Suua lite chief women
andattendants on Dipankara, the
teacher. 216 The great sage Dipankara was eighty cubits in
height. He shone like a tree of lights, like a king of siila
trees in full bloom. 217 That great seer's life-span was a
Living so long he caused many people
hundred to cross years.
thousand over.
218 After illuminating the True Dhamma and causing the
populace to cross over, blazing life a mass of fire, he, with
the disciples, waned out."
ISamavattakkhandhaat BvAC. 124. 2 Acacia, Kakusandha's Bodhi-T ree.
Pipphali is another name fur Aasattha, the Bodhi-T ree, he nce the Anglo
3
Indianpipul(peepul) treefor th.. TIo. Themore usual formisnipphala. Ordinary
pepper (pipp(h)ali) corns are four.d clustered together on stems hanging
down fromthepepp er-vine. DvAC. IZ9 explains pipphnlias
pilakkhakapitthanarukkho, possible meaning a kind uf kapitrhana called
pilakkhc-kapittbana (and not ordinary llapi-). PEO says kapitthana is a variant
of kapithana, Thespesia populneoides, and :M-W says plaksa (pilakkha) is
Ficus infectoria or, more appropriately here, Ficus religiosa. Pipphali and
kapithana occur at Yin. iv, 35 as two separatetrees, seeBD. ii. 228, notes +,
,. I was wrong to translate kapithana there as 'wood-apple'. for note 7 says
"there is no connexion between Thespesia populneoidcs and Fcrcnia
4 Tapassu is another reading. , nibbuto, waned out, was cooled,
elephantum ".
attained (complete or f.nal) nibbana,
III ::I. K 0 );oJ f,) A i\I 5! A
And that psychic potency and that great retinue!
and those treasures of the Whee. on his feet have all
disappeared. Are not all constructions void ?
220 Dtpankara, the Conqueror, the teacher, waned
out in Nanda-part. A Conqueror's thupa to him there was
thirtysix yojanas in height.
The First Chronicle: that of the Lord DipaIi.kara
ill TIlE SECOND CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
LORD KO~ANNA
I After Dipankara was the leader named
Kondafifia, of infinite incandescence, with a boundless
following, immeasurable, difficult to attack.
2 In patience he was like the earth-, in morality
like the oceanin concentration similar to Menr', in
knowledge like th~ heavens.!
3 For the welfare of all breathing things the
Buddha constantly explained the truths of the cardinal
faculties, the powers t h~ constituents of Awakening,
the
4 Ways."
When '
Kondafifia, leader of the world, was turning the
'Wheel of Dhamma there was the first penetration by a
hundred thousand crores. 5 Af~ ~ r that, when he was
teaching in a gathering of men and deities, there was
the second penetration by ninety thousand crores. 6
When.he taught Dhamma, crushing the sectarians,
there was the third penetration by eighty thousand
crores. 7 The great seer Kondafifia had three
assemblies of steadfast o~es whose cankers were
destroyed, stainless, tranquil in mind,
I yasa,fame, J;:lory.alsoa(greGt)retinue.See PED. TheComvsupportsthis
Ias t meanmg. • , See 1\1. i. 42 3. : Sec Vin. ii, 237, A. iv. 198, Ud. 53. ,
SD:lsh.aken ~Y states ofmindthatareinimicaltoconcentration, llvAC. 13-.
ee noove, I. 64. " Of' ~cfd"frcnce is tothe37 things favourable to
Awakening.for theapplicatjnns
mID Illness arid the . ht fl bd. '.
add'f . " rig c orts arc to c un erstcod as Included here in I Ion to the factors
mentioned; BvAC. 135 says these fall into four groups.
 III z . J{01':J T) A"S:NA
31

8 The first gathering was of a hundred thousand mind. For effecting tha~ very aim! I gave the great
croree, the second of a thousand crorcs', the third of ninety kingdom to the Conqueror. Having abandoned the great
crores. kingdom I went forth in his presence- I

9 I at that time was a warrior-noble named Vijitiivin. I held 23 ~aving lea~nt thor~u ghly the Suttanta and
sway from end to end uf the sea. Vinaya and all the ninefold D ispensation of the teacher, I
Ie I refres hed with superb food the hundred thousand illumined the Conqueror's Dispensation.
crores of stainless great seen; together with the highest 24 Living di l~gent there.in, .whether sitting, standing
protector of the world. or pacing, afterreaching perfection inthesuper-
II AndthatBuddhaKundafifia, leader ofthe world, also knowingstothe Brahmaworld went 1.3
declared ofme: "Innumerableeonsfrannowthisonewill
beaBuddha in the world. 25 Rammavati was the name of the city, Sunanda the name of
12 Having striven the striving, carried out austerities, the warrior-noble, Sujata the name of the mother of
the Se1fAwakened One of great fame will be awakened at Kondaiiiia the great seer. . . ,
the root of an Assattha. 26 He lived the ~ ousehold life for ten thousand years. T he
I"J His genetrix and mother will be named Maya, his three superbly glonous palaces were Suci", Suruci," Subha.
father Suddhodana,andhe willbenamed Gotama. 27 T here we~e t~re e hundred thousand beautifully
14 Kolita and Upatissa will be the chief disciples. adorned w~~en . H1S wife was named Rucidevi, his son was
Ananda is the name of the attendant who will attend on named Vijitasena. 28 After he had seen th e four signs he
that Conqueror. Kherna and Uppalavanna will be the chief departed by chariot as the Deans of conveyance; the
women disciples. That Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to Conqueror strove the striving for not less than ten months.
16
be the Assattha.
Citta and Hatthalavaka will be the chief attendants; 29 Kondafifia, supreme among men, great hero, on being
Nandamata and Uttara willbe the chief women attendants. requested by Brahma, turned the Wheel in the superb city of
17 The life-span ofthis famed Gotama will be a hundred devas,
years." When thev had heard the words of the great seer
who was withoutanequal, men and deities, rejoicing, 3° Bhadda and Subhadda were the chief disciples;
thought"Sprout of the Buddha-seed is this". T he sounds of Anuruddha w~s :he name o~ t~e attendanton
acclamation went on; the (inhabitants of the) ten-thousand 3I Tlssa and ~pahssa
Kondafina,the greatseer.were the chief women disciples. The
with the devas clapped their hands, laughed, and paid Tree ofAwakenmg of
homage with clasped hands. (Saying) " If we should fail of Kondafifia,thegreatseer,wasalovelySala.6 32 S?~ and
the Disp ensation of this protector of the world, in the Smma were the chief women
Upasona were theattendants gre~t
. 33 ThatNunda
chief attendants: and
distant future we will be face to face with this one. sage was eighty-eight cubits tall. He shone like the sun at
mldday, as the king of heavenly bodies. 34 The (normal)
20As men crossing a river but, failing of the ford to the bank life-span lasted then for a hundred thousand years. Living
opposite, taking a fun.l lower down cross over the great so long he caused many peop e to cross over.
river, 2 1 even so, all of us, if we miss (the words of) this
ieclti~hc t~! ~ttha. :naking for Duddhahood was thc
the distant future will be face to face with this Conqueror,
one."2 22 in accomplishing of the per" C~ o . rvrn g, B',AC. 139.
When I had heard his words all the more did I incline my • X1J<. 8. : B23,.24 also at xii. 16, 17; cr.iv, 16, 17.
V~r .
xi.".
v,12, 13.Dv·\C 13Z n-5D'C
IThe reading at By of a hundred thousand (again) is against Be and BvAC Rucl,
v.... .
6 siiltkal _ .... L\~ma . . . IJ Z Suriima.
which read 'thousand'. universal yaQlka. It.c?mes into beinz only m the time of a Buddha and of a 2 As at II A. 72-75 above. .• monarch ; It IS supposed to rise
up in one day, ByAC. 140.
 IV 3.MA 'r GAL A

35 The ear h was ornamented with those whose cankers were T his Bud
3 truths. Anddha toowho
those expounded theoffour
had drunk thesupremely
juice of theglorious
destroyed, stainless.' As the heavens with heavenly
truths removed the great gloom. After he had reached the
bodies, so diu he shine forth. And those countless
unrivalled Awakening there was at the first teaching of
nagas of great renown, imperturbable-, difficult to
Dhamma the first penetration by a hundred thousand
attack, waned out showing themselves like a flash of
crores. When the Buddha explained (Dhamma) in the deva
lightning." And that Conqueror's psychic potency which
abode of
was notand
37 gauged, to he
the concentration fostered through 5 the chief of devas there was the second penetration by a
knowledge have all disappeared. Are not all constructions thousand crores.'
void? Kondafifia the giorious Buddha waned out in Cauda-
park. A decorated cctiya (to him) there was seven yojanas 6 When Sunanda, the universal monarch,
higlr' approached the SelfAwakened One, then the Self-
Awakened One smote the supremely glorious drum of
The Second Chronicle: that of the Lord Kondafifia Dhamma.
7 ThemultitudethatfollowedSunandathenwasninetycrores.
And all thesewithoutexception were'Come,monk' ones.' 8
The great seer Mangala had three assemblies: the first
IV THE THIRD CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE LORD gathering of a hundred thousand
was a crores. 9 the second ofa
MAN G.UA thousand crores, the third \V~S then agathering of ninety
crores of those whose cankers were destroyed, stainless.
After Kondaiifia the leader named Mangala5 carried aloft
the torch uf Dharnma annihilating the gloom6 in the
z world.His lustre was unrivalled, excelling that of other 10 I at that time was a brahman named Suruci, a
Conquerors; dimming the lustre of the sun and moon, he repeater, expert in the mantras, master of the three Vedas.
II Approaching him, going to the teacher for refuge, I
shone over the ten-thousand.7
1 This earth was one mass of light aglow with the yellow robe, BvAC. honoured the Order with the Self-Awakened One at the
140f. 2 Unaffecte d by t he 8 lokadhamma, for which see D. iii. 260, A. iv, T head with perfumes and garlands. When I had honoured
56, quoted ~etti _ 162, them with the perfumes and garlands I refreshed them with
3RvAC. 14 1says thatat the time of Kondafifia, when:nonkswere 12
attaining parinibbanathey roseintothe airto theheight of seven palm-
theAndthatBuddhaMangala,supremeamong
gavapana.?
trees and, like tl.e Iightning,illuminatedthe <larkrents men,alsodeclared ofme:"Innu merableeons fromnowthisone
intheclouds.Obviouslythesemonks were arahants; hadthey nothppn wiIIbea
When Buddha. 13
hehas striven thestrivings, carried
• Cf, Thup.
probably 8, 9. 5 This Chronicle occurs
theycouldno:haveattained in Mhvu , with some
parinibbana, outausterities ..." ". . . in the distant future we wiII be
interesting divergencies. See
Mhvu. T ransl, i. 'Io4!T. 6Thedarknessof theworld andthat oftheheart,i.e. face to face with this one." 4
ignorance, BvAC. 144. 7 BvAC. 143 says"thelustreofthephysicalframeof 'WhenI hadheardhis wordstoo,allthe moredidI incline my
otherBuddhas measured
80 cubits or a fathom, but the lustre of this Lord's physical frame fOllint even a pore Cof his skin became warm. " DhammCo hi nii:n' csa
remained permanently suffusing l:'t: .eu -thcusand world-system. Trees, nttanam ~~ antam rekkhari" for this Dharnrna protects him who
hills, rocks "rd so forth were as though shrnndcd in cloth0: gold ". When .ovAC. ' 44-'
protects B ~~ilTcre nt versions giveninethousandcroresand
himself
ahundred thousand crores, v2 h'. 14,6 equates Dhn:nn:n here with
he was a Bodhisatta he had :nade the great gift of his t'N O children to a
man-eating yakkha disguised asa brahmanandseenthemcrunchedup Abhidhnmmn. . d·e I ~h lkkhuka , meaningtheywere ordained bythe
beforehisveryeyes.Then,beingofthe opinionthatthcgifl was well Cr InatIon .
'Come.monk'formula for
3
give",joyful andhappy, he madeanaspirationto the effect th"t ">IS >I r ~sn It . '1 ~ 13lo called the ..meal of the four sweet things". See Intr. p. xlix,
of allthis mayraysissue forth from mein thefuture", BvAC. 143. 1\1 ,nga a. .
under 3 II i\ , -3 --
Moreover, again when he was a Bodhisatta he saw a Buddha's cetiya • As at ... I / :Jo
andthought " Imust sacrificemylife for him",and he setfire tuhi.body
beginning with his head. Dut h", was able to circumambulate the cetiya
.,11 night,
 OF
B UDDH AS

mind. I resolutely determined on further practice for fulfilling

the ten perfections.

Increasing zest then for the attainment of the glorious Self?

Awakening, I gave lily worldly wealth!

to
the Buddha and

went fort h in his presence.

16
Having learnt thuruughly the Suttanta and Vinaya and all the

ninefold Dispensation of the teacher, I illumined the Con?

I'"I
Living diligent therein, developing the Brahma-development.2 , after reaching pt:rfection in the super-knO\cf40 vings to the

Brahma-world went 1.3

 CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS V V 4.
4. SU
SUMANA
l\I ANA 37

4 He built a main street, continuous, not crooked, ]6

2.7 TThen I, issuinglife-span
he (normal) forth with lasted then for from
my kinsfolk ninety the naga-
straight, large and extensive: the supremely glorious thousand
ahode, attended years. Living on the so Conqueror
long he caused and many
his Orderpeoplewithto the
applications of There, in the street, he laid out the four
mindfulness. cross
deva-like 28 Just as it music
over.instrumental is not ofpossible
nag:ls. to count the waves
fruits of recluseship", of
17the ocean' After so I hadit was givennot thepossible
hundred to count his disciples.
thousand crores one
5 29
pair of For as long
robes eachas and thehad leader namedthem
refreshed M angala, the Self-
with food and
the four analytical insights", the six super-knowings, the eight
attainments. Those who are diligent, without (mental) Awakened One, was
drink, I went to him for refuge. alive there was no dying then with
defilements
18 That(present)
Buddha inSurnana, his Dispensation",
leader of the world, also
6 barrenneg!\3,
endued with conscience and energy, they obtain 30declared Having
of me: carried the torcheons
"Tnnumerable of Dhamma-'
from now this and onecausedwill
whichever of these glorious special qualities they the
be
19 great
a Buddha.populace to cross, he, of
'When he has striven the striving, carried outa great retinue," blazing
like a column
austerities of "fireS
.. ." . . . waned out.
in the distant future we will be face to
7 please." Thus, bythis earnest application, 3face
1 Having shown devas and men the essential nature" of
theteacher,carryingacross!
the popu ace, awakened first a hundred thousand c- with this one".
ores. At the time of the second teaching of Dhamma, the When I had heard his words too asthesettingsun,
20 constructions",blazinglikeamassoffire, al the more did I
Uttara
1 when thewas
greatthe hero
Helme of the city,
exhorted groupsUttara the name of
of sectarians, a 3incline
2 the Buddha
my mind. Mangala waneddetermined
I resolutely out in the park namedpractice
on further
the
warrior-noble,
8 thousand
penetrated (it).Uttarji
crores 'Whenthe name
devas andofmen,
the mother of
one in rnind'', Vessara,"
for fulfilling A Conqueror's
the ten perfections, thfipa to him there was thirty
Mangala, the they
greatasked
seer. He lived the household life for yojanas high.
9 met together
a question about cessation and about the doubt in T he T hird
Mekhala! was Chronicle
the name : that ofofthe
the city,
Lord Mangala
Sudatta the
nine thousand years. The three 21

Ie th~ir
superb ~inds
palaces . And
were then on
Yasava, the teaching
Sueimii, of Dhamma,
~irima . name of the warrior-noble, Sirima thenameof the
There were
20 cessation, thereawas on
fullthe
the elucidation
thirty thousand
third ofbeautifully
penetration adorned
by ninety thousand motherofSumana, the great seer.
women. HisTwife was named Yasavati, V THEHe livedFOURTH CHRONICLE:
the household life forTHAT OF THE years.
nine thousand
crores. he great seer Sumalia hadhis son assemblies
three was named 22
Sivala. After he had seenthethestriving
four signs he departed The three superb palaces LORDwere SUl\1ANACanda, Sucanda, Vatarhsa.!
1] of steadfast
21 the Conqueror ones
strove for not less than on
eight
horse-back'"; wertdestroyed, stainless, tranquil in mind. 12
whosecankers 23 There were eighty-threethousand beautifully
When mthe LordMangala,
onths. had keptleaderthe rains, theworld,
of the Tathiigata, on theon
great hero, adorned
I After
women. Mangala His wife waswas thenamedleaderVatarnsikii,
named Sumana, his son
proclamation
being of the
requested 'invitation', "invited' with a hundred without
was
21 named anAnupama.
After equal
he hac! in seen
all things",
the foursupreme signs heamong departed all
22 by Brahma, tu rned the Wheel in Siriva, a superb wood.
creatures.
mounted
2 Inon1 anekhala
elephant; cityth he too smote
e Conqueror thethe
strove drum of
striving
thousand
Sudeva crores. Following
and Dballlm3sena wereon that,
the in disciples.
chief a stainless?
Piilita
deathlessness
for not less than then ten months. accompanied by the conch of
23 assembly on Golden Mountain there was the second
was the name
gathering of the
or ninety attendant on Mengala, the great
thousand 25
Dhamma,Sumana, the ninefold
leader of theDispensation
world, great of hero.
the Conqueror.
on being
3
requested Having
by Brahma,conquered turnedthe the defilements
Wheel in the he superbattained
city
crores. 14-When Sakka , kingwere
seer. Sivalas and A~uka the chief
uf devas, came women
to see the
disciples. T hat Lord'sTreeofAwakeningissaidtobethe supreme
of Mekhala.SelfAwakening,
26 Sarana' and The teacher
Bhavitatta werebuilt
the achief
city!", a
Buddha, there was the third gathering of eighty thousand
Naga. Nanda and Visakha were the chief attendants; supremely
disciples; glorious
Udena wascity theofnameDhamma. of the attendant on
crores.
Anulji and Sutana were the chief women attendants. 27
Sumana, the great
SOOaandUpaSOOJwere
I Cf. Miln. %44. seer. thechiefwomendisciples.And
IThe
at that
26 forth time
himwas a naga-king
greatsagewaseighty-eight
from countless of great
hundreds and psychic
thousandspotency,
of that Buddha of
.zsankilesamarann, HyA boundless
says "sankllese fame (withawakened
defilements) at the with
means rootk!esas
of a
(present in them); sankilesamarana means death (or dying, marana) wirh the
rays.Atula by name, abuunding in an accumulation of skill.
ratanas''tall.Therestreamed Naga (tree).
kilesas present. T hat was not (to be found at that lime)." That is to S' y, . I~ the
28 Varuna
disciples passed and
awn>"Sarana were
into nibbana the chief
as arahants and(lay)
did notattendants; a ila
die us w~rl dhngs or
I The fruitions of the four ways of stream-attainment and so
I geha,2 Of
forth. house, explained
meanings, by sapatcyya,
things (dhamrna),property,
language,wealth, at R'!AC.
perspicuity. J
151. and Upacala
'initiates', sekha. were the chief women (lay) attendants. 29
l I.e. the fcur brahrnaviharii, here called brahma bhavana. Cf. the Buddha That above vervstanding
Sce Buddha, r, ninety cubits in height, shone like a
SecM. Std.16; alsoD. iii. 2 37. A. iii. 2+8, iv. 1°0, v, 17. 4 BvAC. • See II B, 2 19.
Gotama's rebukethisto Sariputta
verse to at 11. ii. I 94ff. for establishing the dying
q 6 attributes Sumana, golden
5 'h festooned column over the ten-thousand.
6G umalretu, having smoke ,,"5 its banner, i.c, fire, 7 G: neral
brahman Dhanafijfini only in these so that on his death he could do no
S Le. across the ocean of sariisara by means of the ship of the ariyan
inure
the than attain 3Vcr. 16, Ii also ar . iii . 18, 19, xix, ra, 13. Cf. iii.
Brahma-world. characteris tics of impermanence and so on. asarlkhiim, things
Way, BvAC.156. Ja. 34 Khcma. fi ' Called Narivaddhana Somavadd
xii. 16, 17d· 4 The horse that are conditioned. 9 ~ tBV• I3~t Be Va3sar~ , 'I'hup. 10
I
•T'hcvallwantedtoknow
:<3, Z4, 'howoneenteredon,was
was named Pandara, enteredon
BvAC. :+z.andemerge
5 Si
hanaIddhivaddhanaat BvAC. I =3 and the
fromatcIa.
vali p:~at ion, anddecidedtoquestiontheL ordSumana,BvAC. 156;.
i. 34. V~sJbha.
rst S' . ad Jk~. II Vessabhu,
.... ~ , 10 C' ~e thll: gs_cf mo rality, eo
J • rrrv •. dhnna at BvAB, bu t as above at B\'AC.
7BvAC. 157 saysthiswasanassembly thathadthefourfactors,forwhich ne cn tnt~on and Wisdom, BvAC. 154-·
159.rt Stepbrother
y of nibbana, to
BvAC.the 155 ; cf. Miln.
Buddha Sumana,
332. 341.
• See Intr, ? xxii,
see II B. 199.
30 T he (normal) life-span lasted then for ninety
thousand years. Living so long he caused many people to
3
cross
I After causing those to cross over who could be
over.
caused to cross over and awakening those who could be
awakened, the SelfAwakened One, setting like the king of
stars, attained final nibbana.
32 Those who were monks whose cankers were
destroyed, of great renown,' and that unique Buddha who
had displayed unrivalled lustre, (all) waned out.
33 And that unrivalled knowledge and those unrivalled
treasures have all disappeared. Are not all constructions
34
void? The renowned Buddha Surnana waned out in the
Angaramapark. A Conqueror's thtlpa to him there "vas four
yojanas high.2

The Fourth Chronicle: that of the Lord Sumana

VI THE FIFTH CHRONICLE; THAT OF THE LORD

REVATA

After Sumana was the leader named Revata,

incomparable, unique, unrivalled, supreme, Conqueror.
2 He too, earnestly requested by Brahma,
expounded Dhamma, the defining of the aggregates and
elements, non-occurrences in various becomings.s
3 Whenhewasteaching
Dhammatherewerethreepenetrations. N ot to be told by
+ When thewas
computation sage
theRevata instructed king Arindama then
first penetration.
there was the second penetration by a thousand crores.
5 Having emerged after seven days from solitary
meditation", the bull ofmeninstructeda
hundredcroresofmen anddeities in the supreme fruit.
6 T he great seer Revata had three assemblies of
steadfast ones whose cankers were destroyed, stainless,
well freed.
I Also meaning according to BvAC. 160, having a great retinue. 2

Quoted T hup. 10. J Cf. kama riipa arfrpa; he also taught Dhsmma for ;;!
Plate rr );aga~'(HlCor-jdor-Re\'ara and A:idn a.
etting rid of rebirth
proecss-hecorr.ing and kamma process-becoming, the former being
preceded by the latter, BvAC. 162.
• In which he attained the attainment of cessation, DvAC. 163'
 \'I 5. REVAT A

Those who gathered together at the first were beyond

7
the
range ofcomputation. Thesecondgatheringwasofa
hundred rhonsand crares.
8 One who 'was without an equal in wisdom, a
Wheel-follower (If his:' was ill then, his life in doubt. The
9
third gathering-was of a hundred thousand-crores of
arahants, those sages" who approached then to inquire
about his illness.

TO I at that time was a brahman named Atideva.

Having approached Revata the Buddha, I went to him for
refuge. Having lauded his morality, concentration and
II
supremely glorious special quality of wisdom, according to
my ability,s I gave him (my) outer cloak",
12 ThatBud dhaRevata,leaderof
theworld,alsodeclaredofme: " Innumerable eons from now
this
Ij
~
oneWhen
will be
hea has
Buddha.
striven the striving, carried out
austerities . .." "... in the distant fut ure we will be face to
face with this one." When I had heard his words all the
more did I incline my mind. I resolutely determined on
further practice for fulfilling the ten perfections. Then too,
remembering that Buddha-thing", I increased it (thinking) "
I will obtain that thing" that I ardently long for".

1 The reference is to Varuna, one of the chief disciples, foremost of

those of wisdom, BvAC. 163. 2 According to BvAC. 183 this was 11150 II four-
factored assembly: see II B
199. J Be reads sahassa, a
thousand,
• Dv rnuni, De, DvAC muni. The Corny explains that if the final vowel in
muni is long the reference is to bhikkhus ; if sho-t, with the nasal vowel
rn supplied, it is to Varuna, this Buddha 's son and chief disciple.
, Bv reads yatl:ii thomarh. Be, BvAC read yathathamam, explained by
yat habalari,. 'AbiliL)" conveys the mea uiug i" English perhaps better than
'strengtl·.'.
6 uttariya; BvAC. 164, js. i. 35,Thup. 10, ApA. 38 "paid honour with (an)
upper robe", uttarasanga. "Dedicated the clothing worn by himself" if
l'rof. L"ee's rcndedng of the wririug ill 0 11e of the earliest Old Bu rmese lists
(of Buddhas) at Pagan in th.. Hall of Wctkyi-in Kuhyauk-gyi-e-vu temple
dating perhapsfromCansiiIl'sreign (lli4-121I A.D.)" .SeeG.H.Luce Old Bu
Ea rly Pagan, i. 393 . B 7 •Thing' is an ideal (dhanuua), here a perFection,
rma-«
leading to the status of a ~ddha, BvAC. 165. For Bodhisartas the ideal
would be their Self-Awakening. BUddhahood, BvAC. 165.
 vr I 6. SODH IT A

16 Sudhafifiavati! was the name of the city, Vipula the 29 The renowned Buddha Revat a, that gr eat sage,
name of the warrior-noble, Vipulii the name of the mother of waned out. His relics weredispersed ina
Revata, the great seer. Helived the householdlifefor numberofregions.
sixthousand years.s The three superb palaces, produced by The Fifth Chronicle: that of the Lord Revata
meritorious deeds, were Sudas sana,
Ratanagghi,andthedecoratedAve]a 3.
IS There werethirt y-three thousandbeautifullyadorn .r! VII THE SIXTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF
women . His wife was named Sudassana, his son \WIS named THE LORD SOBHITA
19
Varnna.Afterhehadseen thefoursignshedepartedby
charier'asthe means of conveyance. The Conqueror After Revata was the leader named Sobhita,
strove the striving for not less than seven months. concentrated, tranquil in mind, without an equal,
20 Revata, leader of the world, great hero, on being When in his own house that Conqueror had
2 matchless.
requested by Brahma, turned the Wheel in Varuna-park turned away! his mine, on attaining full Awakening he
in Sirighana', 21 Varuna and Brahmadeva were the chief turned! the Wheel of D hamma.
disciples; Sambhava was the name of the attendant on 3 At the teaching of Dhamma there was one
22 Bhadda and Revata, the great
Sub hadda the chief women
wereseer. assembly in the spaces as far as (the region) upwards
disciples. And that Buddha, equal to the unequalled, of Avid (fro:n below) anddownwardsfromtheheightof
awakened at the root of a Naga (tree). 4 Tile (from
becoming" above).
Self-Awakened One turned the Wheel of
23 Paduma and Kufijara were the chief attendants; Dhamma in that assembly. That was the first
Sirima and Yasavati were the chief women attendants. penetration, not to be told by computation.
24 T hat Buddha, standing eighty cubits in height, 5 Subsequently, as he was teaching" in a
illumined all the quarters like a rainbow on high. The gathering of men and deities, there was the second
unsurpassed garland6 of lustre emanating from his penetration by ninety thousand crores.
physical frame suffused a yojana all round whether by 6 And again, a warrior-noble, Prince Jayasena, having
day or by night. planted a park, dedicated it to the Buddha then. 7
26 The (normal) life-span lasted then for sixty Lauding his offering, the One with Vision taught
thousand years. Living so long he caused many people Dhamma. Then was the third penetration by a thousand
to crossAfter
27 over.displaying the power of a Buddha and crores, 8 Tile great seer Sobhita had three assemblies
expounding deathlessness to the world, he waned out of steadfast ones whose cankers were destroyed,
without grasping (otherrenewed existence)likeafireon 9 Thetranquil
stainless, king named
in mind. Uggata gave a gift to the
theconsumption ofthe fuel. supreme among men. At that giving a hundred crores
28 And that gem-like body? and that unique of arahants gathered together.
Dhamma have all disappeared. Are not all constructions 10 And again, a host of townspeople gave a gift to
void1
I Bv r eads Su;\hannaka. 2 Bv reads six hundred thousand, but this is an
the supreme amongmen. Thenwas
error. His life-span lasted II 'When the Conqueror descended after staying in
thesecondgatheringofninetycrores.
60 thousand years. , By reads Avela, , Harnessed to thorough breds, B\·AC. the devaworld, then was the third gathering of eight
161. s BCL says tl:is should be Sirisa thicket. Be reads Sirighara,
eOr,thehalo (?),mala,whiehBvAC. IE6interpretsasvela,limit,ooundary. , crores.'
1 vinivattayi, i.e, from an ordinary person's life. 2 pavattavi, 3

rarananibha. The Lord's body W,I~ golden coloured, HvAC. 166, thus bhayagga,meaningthezenithoftheuniverse,abodeoftheAkanitthadeva
s, 4 II..,wasteachingAbhidharnmaintheabodeofthe Thirty-Three,l:lvAC.
1M. 5 This too is said at HvAC. 169 to be an asscmblv that was fou r-factore d'
rig:,t1}-choosinggold amongthe various otherg emsinc luded in ratana. II see
B. 199. .,

IZ I at that time was a brahman named Sujiital. Then I
refreshed the Buddha and the disciples with food and drink.
13 That Buddha Sobhita, leader of the world, also declared
of me, "Innumerableconsfrom nowthisonewill hea Buddha.
14 'When he has striven the striving, carried alit
austerities . . ." "... in the distant future we will be face to
face with this one."
15 When I had heard his words, exultant, stirred in
mind, I made strenuous endeavour for attainingthat very
aim.2
16 Sudhamrna-was the name of the city, Snrlhamma
the name of the warrior-noble, Sudhamrna the name of the
mother of Sobhita, the great seer.
1i He lived the household life for nine thousand years.
The three superb palaces were Kumuda, Nalina", Paduma.
18 T here were thirty-seven thousand" beautifully
adorned women. His wife was named Samangt'', his son
was named Siha.
19 After he had seen the four signs he departed by
palace? The sUlJreme among men engaged in striving for a
week. Sobhita, leader of the world, great hero, on being
20
requested by Brahma, turned the 'Wheel in the superb
Sudhammapleasaunce,
21 Asama and Sunetta were the chief discipless; Anoma was
the name of the attendant on Sobhita, the great seer. 22
Nakulii and Sujata were the chief women disciples. And that
Buddha, awakening, awakened at the root of a Naga (tree).
23 Ramma and Sudatta were the chief att endants; Nakulii
and Cittfi were the chief women attendants.
1Ajita at ja. i, 35. 2 The: aim, arrha, wns Buddhshood. H~ felt nssurerl
ofwinningthisbecause of his belief that the words of the Buddhas are true,
BvAC. 170. 3 Be and BvAC. 170 read Sudharnmam nama nagararp which
gives the right
metre. Bv omits nama. A So Be, Nalira at Bv. 5 Bv's readinc asattati
sahassani is to be ignored as is BCL's restitution as
cha-sattati, seventy-six, Be and prose portions of BvACB read sattatirpsasa
hassiini. 6 Called lVln,:,ilii at Be, M akhild at BvACR. , BvAC 166f. givc ~ a
vivid description of this volatile or flying palace. When
it rested on the ground after it had come down with the naga-trce in the
middle of it, all the dancing-women left of their lIWll accord. 8 His youn ger
step-brothers, HvAC. d'7.
VIII 7. A N0 Iv! ADASSIN
The great sage was fifty-eight ratanas in height. He
illumined all the quarters like him ofa hundred rays on
high. Just as a forest in full bloom is perfumed with
divers scents, so his words were perfumed with the
scent of moral habit. And just as the ocean cannot
satiate one who is looking at it, so his words could not
satiate one who was hearing them. The (normal) life-
span lasted then for ninety thousand years. Living so
28 longAfter giving exhortation
he caused many people and instruction!
to C:-OS5 over. to the rest
of the people", burning out like fire:', he with the disciples
waned out. That Buddha, equal to the unequalled, and
those disciples who had attained powers:' have all
disappeared. Are not all constructions void ?
30 Sobhita, the glorious Se.f-Awakened One, waned
out in Sihapark. His relics were dispersed in a number of
regions.
The Sixth Chronicle: that of the Lord Sobhita
VIII THE SEVENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
LORD ANOMADASSIN
IAfter Sobhita was Anomadassin, the Self-Awakened One,
supreme among men, of boundless fame, incandescent.f
difficult to overcome. 2 He, having cut through all bonds,
having shattered the three becornings" taught for devas
and mankind the Way going to the no-turn-back", 3 As the
ocean he was imperturbable.f as a mountain hard to 1 Cf. xi.
7. 2 Those who had not penetrated the truths, BvAC. 171. J hutasana,
oblation-eeter, glossed as aggi, fire, at B,"AC. 171. Cf. Vism, 171. TI".:altar
of Sacrifice.
•4RvAC. :2~~ expl"ins as iddhibala, the powers of psychic potency; ten
are gl,-en at Pts, II. 174 .
5 Pos~es s ·:d of the incandescence of morality, concentration, wisdom, BvAC.
1 72. ·
• Ha.v;ng shattered and made inexistent the kamma leading-to the three
becommgs hy meansofthe knowledgethat makesfor thedcstrucrior
BvAC. 173. -. ,
ofkarnma
.'nnivat lil;<Il11ana_n:3gg11, the way leading to the no-turn-buck is called
rubbiina at RvAC. 173. 8 Cf', iii. 36, xi. I , Mila, 21.
VIII
7. AN 0 11 A D A S S I N
4S
If
T hat
sage,
 sight ,
also
declared
of
CHRON ICLE OF BUDDHAS
me
attack, as the sky unending}, as a king of s1ihl-trees he was th en :
full of bloorrr-.
" Inn u merable cons from now this one will be a Buddha.
4 Livinz things were gladdened by the mere sight of
that Buddha. T hose who heard his voice as he was
When
speaking attained deathlessn ess.
he has striven the striving, car ried nu t au sterities . . ."
5 Penetration of his Dharnma was successfu l and prosperous:'
then. At the first teaching of Dhamma hundreds of crores
pen etrated. " ... in the
6 In the penetration following on that, while (the distant fut ur e we will h e face to face with this
Buddha) was raining the showers of Dhamrna, at the
second teaching of Dharnma" eighty crores penetrated. one. "
I
., Following on that, while he was raining-(the Dhamma) and 16
refreshing (them), there was th« third penetration by seventy W h en
eight crores of living things. I had h eard
his
8 Andthis greatseeralsohadthreeassemblies
words, exult ant, stirred
ofthosewhohad attained power in the super-knmvings and
in rr:ind,
were blossoming through freedom.? . There was an I
assembly
9 of eight hundred th ousand then of
steadfast ones who had got rid of pride and confusion, were
resolutely determined on fur t he r practice for fulfilli ng the tell
tranauil in mind. ro The · second gathering was of seven
hundred thousand steadfast ones who were without taints,
p erfections.
stainless, calm.
II The third gatheringwasofsix hundredtl:ousand
ofthose who had attained powe: in the super-knowings,
were waning out, were' burners-up ' 7.

12 I at that time was a yakkha of great psychic potency,

a chief with highest power over countless crores of yakkhas.
Then,
13 having approachedthatglorious
I refreshed the leader of the world Buddha,thegreatseer,
and the Order with
food
and drink.
1Thatis inregardto hisspecialBuddha-qualities.BvAC. 173·
2With a:'l the 32 Marks of a Great Man and the minur characteristics.
ibid. ) Cf. II D, 203 . 4 This is Abhid hamma. BvAC. 174S While he was
raining the shower of the talk on Dhamma, BvAC. 194. CI.
xi. 4.
•Asat xviii,S. See toover, 27below.BvAC 175 "f-"..dnmof (or dueto)the frui t
of arahantship".
1 Their cankers destroyed and burnt up by the ariyan " ray leading to the
ccstrucrion of the cefilcrnents. The three assemblies "ere all composed of
arahants, BvAC. 17+
arahants', steadfast ones without atta chment, stainless;
and the Dispensation of the Conqueror shone. 28 But that
teacher of boundless fame, those unrivalled pairshave all
disappeared. Arc not all constructions void ?
29 Auomadassin, Conqueror, teacher, waned out in D
hammapark. A Con queror's thiipa to him there was twenty-
five (yojanas) in height.
T he Seventh Chronicle: that of the Lord Anornadassin
IX TIm EIGHTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
LORD PADUMA
After Anornadassin was the Self-Awakened One named
1
Paduma, s\:premc among men, without an equal,
matchless. 2 His moral habit was without equal and his
concentration ncnding,
hisgloriousknowledgeincalculableand hisfreedom
incomparable.
3 When he of unrivalled incandescence was turning
the 'Wheel of D hamma there were three ?enetrations
washing away the great gloom."
4 At the first penetration the Awakened One
awakened a hundred crores; at the second penetration the
wise one awakened ninety cro rcs.
5 And when the Bu ddha Padurna exho rted his own son
there was then the third penetration by eighty crores. 6
The great seer Paduma had three assemblies; the first
gathering was of a hu ndred thousand crores.
7 When kathina rob e-material had accrued at the
time of the formal spreading out of the kathina -cloth,
monks sewed a robe for the General under Dhamma.f
8 Then those three hundred thousand stainless monks,
having
I Sec above, ve r. R. 2 Of chief disciples and so on. Anomadassin's two
chief male disciples made
an aspiration in his presence for being (the Buddha Gotama's) chief disciples,
Sariputtaar.dl\1vggaI:1ina; see BvAC. 176f.,and cf.AA. i, 15:2£., DhA. i. 110£.
3 Dispelling grf':1t confusion. 4 The Elder Sala, one of the chief disciples,
see ver, 2 1. The kathina-cloth,
presented to monks by the laity, is formally made into robes at the end VI the
rains by the monks, see Vin, i, Z53ff.
17 Candavatf was the name of the city, Yasavii2 the na
me of the warrior-noble, Yasndhara the nameof themother
of Anornadassin, the teacher.
18 Helivedthehouseholdlifefor tenthousandyears.
Thethree superb palaces were Siri, Upasiri, Vaddha",
19 T here were twenty-three thousand beautifully
adorned women. His wife was named Sirima, and his son
was named U pavana.
20 After h~ had seen the four signs he departed by
n:eans of a palanquin. The Conqueror strove the striving for
not less than ten months.
21 Anomadnssin, great sage, great hero, on being
requested by Brahms, t urned the Wheel in the pleasaunce
in Nisabhrr' and Anorna> were the chief disciples. Varuna
22 Sudassana.
was the name of the attendant on Anomadassin, the
teacher. 23 Sundari" and SUIT:.ana were the chief women
disciples. is
Lord'!'; T ree of Awakening That
said to be the Ajjuna.
24 Nandivaddha and Sirivaddha were the chief
attendants; Uppaljiand Paduma were the chief women
attendants. 25 Thegreatsagewasfifty-ei
of the hu ndred rays on high. 26 The
forth7 like himghtratanastall.Hislustrestreamed
(normal) life-span lasted then for a hundred thousand
years." Living so long he caused many people to cross over.
27 The words (of the Buddha) blossomed fully by means of
1 Cf. AA. i. 149. Bandhumati at DhA. i. l OS with vv.Il, Candavatl, Candavari,
Bhand ava tj, 2 Yasavarua at DhA. i. 105
with Y. I. Y asava, ) BvACR. !' i ri '·"c.l~h " .
Plate II I X'lqay(lIl Corridor-Paduma :InC the Lion
4Visabha with v. 1. Nissabha at AA. i. 149. , Sometimes called
Asoka. e Sundarii at AA. i. [49. DhA. i. 10 5. 1 Suffusing I:Z yojauas,
su BvAC. 176, A.~. i, 149. DhA. i, 106. 8 Also at AA. i. 149. DhA. i. lOS
.
 JX 8. PADU ~I A 47

the six super-knowings, of gr eat psychic potency,

unconquered, gathered together.
9 And again, that hull of men entered upon the
(rains-) residence-inaforest;therewasthen a gatheringof two
hundred th ousand.

10 I at th at time was a lion, overlord of wild creatures.

I saw the Conqueror in the forest increasing aloofness-,
Ir Treverenced his feet with my head,
circumambulated him, roared loudly three times, and
attended on the Conqueror for a week.-'
12 After the week the Tathagata emerged from the
glorious attainment." ; thinking with purpose in his mind he
brought together a crore of monks.'
T3 Then that great hero too declared in their midst:
''Innumberableeonsfrom nowthisone willbea Buddha.
T4-'When he has striven the striving, carried out
austerities .. ." ". . . in the distant future we will be face to
face with this one."
IS When I had heard his words all the more did I incline
my mind. I resolutely determined on further practice for ful-
filling the ten perfections.

16 Campaka was the name of the city, Asama? the

name or the warrior-noble,Asamj;the name ofthe
motherofPaduma, the great seer.
17 Helived thehouseholdlifefor tenthousandyears. Thethree
superb palaces were Nanda, Vasu, Yasuttara". 18 There
were thirty-three thousands beautifully adorned
' 30 OvA. 2 The mental withdrawal from things of :he world. necessary
for the attainment spoken of in ver, 12.

• He did not go away to look for prey for himself, thus sacrificing his
life, BvAC.1 80.
4 The attainment of nirodha, the eighth and final meditative attainment

and equivalent to the attainment of nibbana, is the cessation or

stopping of perception and feeling.
5 The purpose was for the lion to incline his :'eort towards the Order, BvAC.
180. la. i. 36. 6 Paduma a, la. i. 36. 7 So He tor the three names, Hi'
reads Nanda ca Suyasa Uttara, DvAC. 177
1 t tnr-uVasutmra Yasuttar-a; RvAn. NnndurrnraVanut-aru Yasuttara,
• I3vgives33 hundredthousand.ByACBas above,
 C HR ONICLE O F BUD DHAS
women. His wife was named Uttarji, his son was named
Ramma. After he had seen the four signs he departed
by chariot! as the means of conveyance. The Conqueror
strove the striving for not less than eight months.f
20
Paduma,leaderoftheworld,greathero,onbeingrequestedby
21 Sfila and
Brahma, Upsaala
turned the were
"Wheelthechiefdisciples.
in the superb Dhanafija-
Varunawasthename of the attendant on Paduma, the great
pleasaunce.
seer. 22 Rfidhii and Suriidh:i3 were the chief women
disciples. That Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to be the
Great Bhiyya
Sona.and23 Asama were the chief attendants; Ruci and
Nandnriimii were the chief women attendants. The great
sage "."asfifty-eightratanas tall. Hislustre, without an
equal, streamed forth over all the quarters. The lustre
of the moon, the lustre of the sun, the lustre nf :ewcls,
a festooned column, gems4-all were dimmed by the
Conqueror's supreme lustre.
26 The (no rmal) life-span lasted then for a hundred
thousand years. Living so long he caused many people to
cross over. Having awakened the beings whose minds were
thoroughly mature omitting none, having instructed the
remainder, he and his disciples waned out.
28 As a snake sheds its worn-out skin, as a treeS its old
leaves, so, burning up all the constructions, he waned out
like a fire. Padurna, glorious Conqueror, teacher, waned out
in Dhammapark. His relics were dispersed in a number of
regions.
The Eighth Chronicle: that of the Lord Paduma
Drawn by thoroughbreds, BvAC. 177. 2 Bv addhamasa, half a month; Be
1 orher-k n ow l~c1e p.~ in 1I,lclition), RvAC. TllS. SpP'i\IQ.ii. 9,
attharnasani, cignt months: I:lvACB
atthamase, also eight months. 3 Rarna and Uparama at Ja. i. 36. 4
utnnagghimllI;1ipu':>hu, the lustre of each of these three last thing". Agghi,
a shortened form of aj(ghiya, can be a festooned column as in v. 29, x, 26
where itwasgolden. Ontheother handllvAC.I8If.readsaggi,fire.
• padapa, 'foot-drinker', imbibing nourishment with the fuul ur loot, thus
(\tree. D"A says nothing. Cf. M iln, 11 i "as leafless piknpas crasher] down ".
X 9. N A RADA
x THE NINTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE LORD
N ARADA
I After Paduma was the Self-Awakened One named
Narada, supreme among men, without an equal,
matchless.
2 That Buddha, the eldest and cherished own son of
a wheelturning king, adorned with garlands and trinkets,
went to a pleasauncc. There was a tree there, widely
famed,
3 beautiful,
hastening tallitand
towards pure;
he sat down under the Great
SOQa.
4 In him glorious knowledge arose, unending, like diamondl, by
means of which he examined the constructions
upwards and downwards-, There he washed away all
5 the defilements so that none
remained; he attained full Awakening-' and the
fourteen knowledges of a Buddha.t
6 Having attained Self-Awakening he turned the
Wheel of Dhamma, The first penetration was by a hundred
thousand crores,
7 The great sage, taming Mahadona the naga-kingS,
then performed a Marvels displaying it to the world with the
devas,
8 Then, at that expounding of Dhamma, ninety thousand
crores of devas and men crossed over all doubt. 9 At the
time when the great hero exhorted his own son there was
the third penetration by eighty thousand crores.
1 Sharp as a diamond, a synonym for the knowledge of insight of contem-
plating impermanence and so forth, BvAC. :84. Cf. A. i. 124
2 Their r ise >1"Ufall, BvAC. 184. Cf. anuloma-patilume forward and reverse
order. and see T1 A 1f6 which refer-s,0 BvAC. 113 wh..r" the"e words :lr"
used;andcf,Yin.I.
3 I,etc.wheretheyareconnectedwithpaticcasamuppada,
Knowledgeof thewayto arahantship, llvAC. 185. 4 T he kr.owlcdge of lilt:
way. and L;It: Iruits are ~ighl , the six kuuwledges nvt shared by others (and
n.6.
• He was very venomous and could ruin whole districts with drought or
excC€"ive rain if people diJ HoL offer him Iood. BuL };ii!ada's psychic potency
W~IS greaterandhewithstood thestrongpoisonthenilgadischargedagainsthim
witho ut a hair of his body quivering. IVlaha dOJ;13 then knew he was
subjugated and approached Na rada for refuge, BvAC . 18S£. Cf. Yin . i. 24f.
the stories
where partsarcofsirnilar. 6 The Marvel cf the Double
according to ll\'AC. IE6.
 10 The great seer Narada had three assernblies ; the
first was a gathering of a hundred thousand crores,
II When the Buddha expounded the special Buddha-
qualities with their source', ninety thousand crores of
stainless ones gathered together then,
12 'When the naga Verucana-gave a gift to the teacher,
eighty hundred thousand SUilS of the Conqueror gathered
together then.

13 I at that time was a very severe ascetic, a matted-

hair ascetic, a mover through mid-air I was', master of the
five superknowings.
14 And when I had refreshed with food and drink" the
equal to the unequalled with his Order and his following, I
honoured him highly with (red) sandal-wood".
15 AndthatBuddhaNiirada, leaderof
theworld,alsodeclaredof me: " Innumerable eons from now
16
this oneWhenwill behe has stri ven the striving, carried out
a Buddha.
austerities .. ." "... in the distant future we will be face to
face with this one."
17 When I had heard his words, all the more gladdened
in mind, I resolutely determined on the strenuous practice
for fulfilling the ten perfections.

18 Dhafiftavatl was the name of the city, Sudeva" the

name of the warrior-noble, AnuIl1a the name of th e mother
of Niiradu, the great seer.
19 He lived the household life for nine thousand years.
The three superb palaces were lila, Vijitii, Abhirama' .

ISou rce, r.idana, refers to the account of Buddhavaihsa given by Nurada,

DvAC . 186. 2 A pious naga-king who gave a great gift to the Buddha
and his retinue in a
pavilion he had created. a Cf. xiii. II. 4Hewentto Uttnrchuru andretched
thenutrimentsfrom there.BvAC. 187. 5This he fetched from Himavant,
B\·AC. 187. Cf. Miln. 321 for the three

special qualities in red sandal-wood: it is hard to obtain, has It lovely scent: is

praised by good people-e-qualities also present ill uibbaua, 6 SlUTIcdh n ar Jii.
i. 37. 7 At Bv the names are in a compound form : Jitav:jitiibhirama. Be
Plate IV =-:agayc.n Corridor-Narada and the jatila
gives Jito 20
Vijitabhinimo; BvAC gives Vijito Vijitav! [itabhiramo at p. I Hz . but on p.
There were forty-three thousand beautifu ly adorned women.
188 thelastnamereads Vijitabhiramo, BvABVijitoVijitih'j Vijitiibhiramo.

His wife was named Vijitasena', his son was named Nandutt?

ara.
21
After he had seen the four signs he departed on foot. The
22
Narada, leader of the world, great hero, on being requested by

Brahrna, turned the Wheel of Dhamma in the superb Dhan?

X 9. N _\RADA

aiija-pleasaunce.
23
Bhaddasala, jitamitta were the chief disciples. Viisettha was

the name of the attendant on Narada, the great seer.

24
U ttarii and Phagguni were the chief women disciples. T hat

Lord's T ree of Awakening is said to be the Great 801)a.

25
Uggarinda and Vasabha were the chief attendants; Indavari

and Candi?were the chief women attendants.

2n
The great sage was eighty-eight ratanas tall. The ten?

thousand was brilliant like a golden festooned column.

27
L ustrous rays extending for a fathom streamed forth fr om his

body in every direction, constantly, day and night, and

suffused a yojana then.

28
At that time none of the people within the circuit of the yojan a

lit torches or lamps as they were overspread with the Buddha's

rays .
29
T he (normal) life-span lasted then for ninety thousand years.

Living so long he caused many people to cross over.

30
As the heavens look beautiful when ornamented with stars, so

did his Dispensation shine with arahants.

3I
After making firm the bridge of Dhamma so that the re ?

mainder who had entered on the Way3 could cross over the

stream of sarnsiira, that bull of men waned out.

32
Both that Buddha, equal to th e un equalled. and those whose
 disappeared. Are not all constructions void ?
33
N arada, bull of Conquerors, waned out in Sudassana city. A
CH RONIC LE 0 1; J:lUDDHAS XI 1 O. PADU 1\1U T T .-\.nA

glorious Conqueror's
of eighty thiipa
thousand (to him)
crores there
from was fourmarket-
villages, yojanas
XI THE TENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE LORD town!'>, districts. 1

PADUMUTTARA high.
II I at that time was a district governor named Jatila2. I
After Niirada was the Self-Awakened One, the gave cloth with food to the Order with the Self-Awakened
Conqueror named Padumuttara, supreme among men, One at the head.
imperturbable as th e ocean.' 12 And that Buddha too, as he was sitting in the midst
z It was like a Manda-con-in which this Buddha of the Order, declaredofme: "A hundredthousandeons from
,....-as born. In this eon people of outstanding merit-' were now this one will be a Buddha.
born.
3 At the Lord Padumuttara's first teaching of Dhamma 13 When he has striven the striving, carried out
therewas a penetration of Dharnma by a hundred thousand austerities . . ." ". ..inthedistantfuturewe willbe
4
crores. Following on that, while (the Buddha) was q. When T thisone."
facetofacewith had heard his words I resolutely determined
raining
awl (Dhamma]
refreshing living things there was the second on further practice and made strenuous endeavour for
penetration uf Dhamma by thirry-scven hundred.' fulfilling the ten perfections.
thousan<!. (crores)". At the time when the great hero
5 approached Ananda, as he
came into his father's presence he smote the kettle- 15 Stamped out were all sectarians, distracted and
drum of deathlessness". When the drum of downcast then. No one looked after them. They threw them
deathlessness?
6 rain had been
of Dhamma 'was smitten
raining down,and thewas the third
there out from the district.?
penetration by fifty hundred thousand. The Buddha, an TO All(ofthem)gathering
exhorter, an instructor", a helper across of togetherthere,wentintotheBuddha's presence and said : "
Great hero, you are our protector, may you be our refuge,
7
all breathing things, skilled in teaching, caused many One with
17 vision " .
Compassionate, having pity, seeking the welfare of
people to cross over. 8 all breathing things, he established all the assembled
The teacher I'adumuttara had three assemblies; the sectarians in the five moral habits.
first was a gathering of a hundred thousand crores. IS It4 was thus uninvolved with and empty of
sectarians; it was ornamented with arahants, steadfast
9 When the Duddha, equal to the unequalled, was
Mountstaying on there was the second gathering of nin ety
Vebhiira ones who had come to mas tery.
thousand cro res . 10 Again,whenhesetforthontour, 19 Harnsavatl was the name of the city, Anandas the
therewasthethirdgathering name of the warrior-noble, Sujatii6 the name of the mother
of Padumuttara, the great seer.
1Cf. viii. 3. 1An eoninwhich two Buddhasare bum;butthough Padumuttarais
held to have bern bornin 11Slira·con, i.e. aneoninwhichonlyone 20 He lived the household life for ten thousand years.
Buddhaappears,this particular Siira-eo:l took on some of the qualities of a The three superb palaces were Naravahana, Yasa",
Manda-eon, BvAC. 190. Heissupposedtohavearisena hundredthousand Vasavatti.
comago,.lJvAC. 190andsec ver, rz below, also xxviii, 10. "' kusala is here 1BvAC. 194 says that such people who had left the villages and so on
punna, BvAC. I ;) r. 4 Bv omits ' ~u r:dr cd'. 5 Cf. viii. 7. had gone forth (into homclcssness), • 1 Rv JntiJa, llvAC Ja\ika. : From
their own disrrir-r (t"rritnry or j1rnvin ~ ..., ."knr"tthnto), HvAf:" ' 95,

The Ninth Chronicle:

I:e. the Lord', Dispensation. This Buddhathat of the
is unique L ord
in that noNarada
sectarians
o amatadudrabhi. 1 dhammnbheri at By for amat 'lbh['~i . 8 Exhorter as to rcmallled in his time. Seealso above ver 2
SN . ' ..
the beauty of the refuges and mora: habits and as to under 6 andn
I Bvat hcrAi\..
RvAn.,
calls i. 287; Suualll.laat D 1I.-\.. i, 417,Jkm. If
Jitasena.
7 S~m at
2. VnJ;ll,li edhii at S~.
Be with two ii. II. 3 AA . i. 211i. Nara-at Bv;
v, 8Q.
standing the ascetic practices; instructor, awakener as to the fou r Naravahar.e Yasavahana at. Be.
patipannaka; cf. MA.ii. 13i
truths , J:lvAC. 193, cr. vii. 28.

54
C H RON I C L E OF BUD D H A s
2I
There were forty-three thousandI beautifully adorned women.
22
After he had seen the four signs he departed by palace. The

supreme among men engaged in striving for seven days.

23
Padumuttara, gu ider away-', great hero, on being requested by

Brahma, turned the Wheel in the superb Mithila-pleasaunce.

24
Devala" and Sujata were the chief disciples. Sumana was the

name of the attendant on Padumuttaru, the great seer.

25
Amitd and Asarnf were the chief women disciples. That

Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to be the Salala,

26
Vitinna and Tissa were the chief attendants; Hattha and

Vicitta were the chief women attendants.

27
The great sage was fifty-eight ratanas tall . The thirty-two

glorious Marks resembled a golden festooned column.

28
For twelve yojanasf all round ramparts, doors, walls, trees,

mountain-crags were no obstruction to him.

29
The (normal) life-span lasted then for a hundred thousand

years. L iving so long he caused many people to cross over.

30
After causing the populace to cross over and cutting through

all doubt, he, blazing like a mass of fire, waned out with the

disciples.
31
Padumuttara, Conqueror, Buddha, waned out in Kanda?

park. A glorious thfipa to him there was twel ve yojanas in

height.
 CHRON ICLE OF BUDDHAS XII I II.Z.
XIII S SU
U Iv!
J AEDTAH A ss

Giving the whole of it to the leader of the world 'with 2 Rama He and
was Surama
dear-eyed, full-mouthed,
were the chief womenof talldisciples.
stature', That
12
z+ upright, majestic. H e sought the welfare
the Order, I approached him for refuge and found delight in Lord'sTreeofAwakeningissaid tobethe Great of all beings and
Nipa'. 25
the going forth. released many from bondage.
Uruvela and Yasavawere thechiefattendants;Yasodhara and
13 That Buddha too, while he was giving the henediction, 3 When the Buddha had attained the full supreme
Sirima were the chief women attendants. 26 T he great
declared of me : " After thirty thousand com this one will be Awakening, he turned the Wheel of Dhamma in the city of
sage was eighty-eight ratanas tall. He illumined all the
a Buddha. ]4 When he has striven the striving, c<lrrieo out 4Sudassana,
Under him there were three penetrations when he
quarters as the moon in a host of stars. 27 As a universal
austerities . . ." ce• • • in the distant future we will be face to was teaching Dhamma. The first penetration was by a
monarch's gern! shines over a yojana, so did his jeweP
face with this one ". 15 When I had even heard his words all hundred thousand crores.
suffuse a yojana all round.
the more did I incline my mind. I resolutely determined on 285 And(normal)
T he again. when the Conqueror
life-span lasted thenwas taming the
for ninety
further practice for fulfilling the ten perfections. 16 Having yakkha Kumbhakanna-,
thousand years. Living so there
long he was the second
caused many penetration
people to
learnt thoroughly the Sutt;mta and Vinaya and all the by ninety
cross thousand
over. With crores,
steadfast ones ",vho had attained the
ninefold Dispensation of the teacher, 1 illumined the Con- 6 knowledges,
three And again,thewhen he of boundless fame
six supcr-knowings, expounded
the powers-with
queror's Dispensation. 17 Living diligent therein, whether the arahants
such four truths,
was there
thi s!was the third
thronged. Andpenetration
when all of bythese,
eightyof
sitting, standing, pacing, after reaching perfection in the thousandfame.
boundless crores.
well freed. devoid of clinging, had
super-knowings to the Brahma-world 'went 1.1 7
displayed ThegreatseerSumedha
the light of knowledge, they, of great fame,
hadthreeassembliesofsteadfastones
waned out. The Buddha Surnedha, glorious whoseConqueror,
cankers were
destroyed,
S
waned out instainless,
When Medha tranquil
the Conqueror
5-park. in mind.
His went
relics to Sudassana, the
were
glorious city, theregathered
dispersedinanumberof regions. togetherthen a hundred
croresofmonkswhose cankers were destroyed.
18 Sudassana was the name of the city, Sudatta the 9 And
T heagain. on Devakiita
Eleventh Chronicle: atthat
the of
(time
the of the)
Lord formal
Sumedha
name of the warrior-noble,Sudattji the nameof spreading out of the kathina (robe-material) for monks,'
themotherofSumedha, the great seer. there was then the second gathering of ninety crores,
19 Helived thehouseholdlifefornine thousand years. 10 XIII And
TIlEagain.
TWELFTHwhen CHRONICLE: THAT OF
He of the Ten Powers wasTHEwalking
Thethree superb palaces were Sucanda, Kaficana.! on tour, there was then LORDthe third
SUJATA gathering of eighty crores.
Sirivaddha. 20 There were forty-eight thousand beautifully
The Tenth
adorned women. HisChronicle: that of the
wife was named Lord Padumuttara
Sumana, his son was III IIn
atthat
thatsame
time was a brahman
Manda-eon" theyouth
leadernamed Uttara.
was named
named
21 After he 3had seen the four signs he departed rn
Sllmitta. Eighty
Sujata,crores of riches
lionjawed, broadwere stored in my
of shoulder", house.
immeasurable,
ounterl on an elephant. The Conqueror strove the striving for difficultStainless
2 to attack.as the moon, pure," rr.ajestic as him of
I braha, cf. SnA. +53. B·,'AC. 198 in saying that " the meas ure 0: his
not XII
less than
THE half a month.f CHRO~ICLE: THAT OF THE
ELEVENTH the hundred rays-so shone the Self-Awakened One, his
physical frame was not shared by others" must be referring to his
22 Sumedha,
LORD SUMEDHA leader of the world, great hero, on be'ng lustre blazingForwith
contemporaries. hewas splendour.
thesameheigh:as theBuddhas Kondafifia,
requested by Brahms, turned the Wheel in the superb 3
Mnngala The Self-Awakened
andNdrada, viz. 88 cubits, One, having
and was attained
exceeded full who was
by Sumana
90 cubits tall. Mhvu , iii. 245 alsoknows aBuddha,Atyuccr.gamin, who
Sudassana supreme Awakening, turned the Wheel of Dhamma in the
After pleasaunce,
Padumuttara was the leader named Sumedha, wascalled "theexceeding high one" forwhenhe stooduphewas as
and Sabbakama city of Su mangala, Buddhafollowing ~arlumuttara (ibid.• 243) as
Z3 hard Sarana
to attack, of intense were the chief disciples.
incandescence, supreme sage tallasapalm-tree;hewasthe
Sagara was the name of the attendant on Sumeclha, the was Sumedha; he was
1Antho:ephalus a brahman
cadamba. (ibid., 247) who
BvcallsthisTree lIved .for 100,000 yearstree,
mahanimba,agreatNeem
in all the world. certam. > A man-eating
Azadirach:a
(ibid., 244). TIndica.
he twoSee yakkha ,who
n. 3.
EC. 21 can
therefore made
not The
>be his terrifying
.dentified
T reasure forofappearance
the more
great seer. terrible
Gem still soJ The
orJewel. as tojewel
frighten theradianco
ofthe Buddha-lengthily and vividly
fr om his body, BvAC.descr-ibed at
1 BvACB a hundred and twenty thousand. BvAC.
20:3. 198f. 2C2
4 BvAC. Buthewas unable
savs 'this' tostir
refers the Dispensation
to the tipof anv oneoftheLord'shailsand
or to the
, Uparevata at SnA. 3+1.
23, "-4. Cor iv. 16. [7. xiii, 18. 19, xix, rz , 13. 2 soasked him
at Jkm.
Ver.
1 16, 17 also at iii. a.- .
J Le. of faults.
earth. S Dhamma
L questIOn as Alavaka 15. "255f.).
did (SnA. TI,e same as the one
The yakkha was in
then tamed by
BvAC. 197, Sucandanaka Koiica. J Be Punabbasa, BvACB
4 Devala also at Ap,
Punabbasumitta. i. 106;l Rcvata
~ B\'AC. li7 a\\ lI aatlll~~".
SA. ii. 90, months.
eight T hagA. which
i. 115ff.
sounds
which
the ~rdSumedha arose. that
s~ dlUruughly 7 Cf.he
1I D. 8 suddha
'94.him
gave at Bv,
the prince He;
that the people had
Day and
5more night See
plausible, the EC.
lustre of the Lord's physical frame suffused places for buddha at BvACB.
had [0 bring him all 'In offering J Seeix.7. .
twelve
z r, n. z, yojanas all round,
 4 While Sujiita, leader of the world, was teaching the
glorious Dharnma! eighty crores penetrated at the first
teaching of Dham ma.
5 " Then Sujata, of bo undless fame, was spending
the rains with the devas, there was the second penetration
hy thirty-seven thousan d-,
6 When Sujata, equal to the unequalled, we-nt into
his father's presence, there was the th ird penetration hy
sixty hundred th ousand.
7 Sujata, the great seer, had three assemblies of
steadfast ones whose cankers were destroyed, stainless,
tranquilThey,
8 in mind.
among the sixty h undred thousand (of
those) who had attained power in the super-knowings and
had not come to repeated births, assembled there.s
9 And again, at an assembly when the Con queror
was coming down from a heaverr', there was the second
gathering of fifty hundred thousand.
10 That chief disciple or his, appro:'lching the bull of
men, approached the Self-Awakened One with four hundred
thousand.f

II Iatthattimewaslordof thefour continents," amover

through mid-air was 1,7a wheel-turner, very powerful.
12 When 1 had seen that marvel in the world,
wonderful, astou nding, 1 went up to Sujiita. leader of the
world and reverenced him.
13 Bestowing on the Buddha my great kingdom of the
four continents and the sever. superb treasures, I went forth
in his presence.
14 Monastery-attendants, having gathe,cd together the
produce
1DvAC.2°3;to hisownyoungerbrotherandapriest'ssontogether withtheir
retinues. T hese two became his chief disciples. > Be, BvAB read 37
hundred thousand. 3 This versemayn" "n th:!t
"afterhavinggainedpowerinthesuner-knowinzs
they had transcended existence", abhiiiiiiibalappat:''inam appattiinarh bhava
bhave, where DvAC. 204-for appattanarn bhavabhave gives a variant reading
ap!JavdLlE bbavalrhave. Forappavartad. BvAC. 103 inexplanationof advejjha,
• tidiv:!, ""P1:li n/' ~ at R\'AC . 204 as salrl!aloka, (a) heaven-world. I
Thiswasthethird assembly, BvAC. 204. 6 j ambudipa (India),
Pubbavideha, Aparagoyana, Uttarakuru. 7 Following the T reasure of the
Wheel, At x. 13 the Bcdhisarta was also an
antalikkhaca-a but for a different reason.
 XIII I2. SU J .3.T A 59

of the countryside, presented the Order of monks with

requisites, beds and seats. 15 This Buddha, lord of the ten-
thousand, also declared of mc: "After thirty thousand eons
this one will be a Buddha.
16 When he has striven the striving, carried out
austerities . . ." ". . . in the distant future we will be face to
face with this one."
17 When I had heard his words all the more did I
rejoice. I resolutely determined on the strenuous practice
for fulfilling the ten perfections.
18 Having learnt thoroughly the Suttanta and Vinaya
and all the ninefold Dispensation of the teacher, I illumined
the Conqueror's Dispensation.
19 Living diligent therein, developing the Brahma-
development, after reaching perfection in the super-
knowings to the Brahama-world went 1.1

20 Sumangala was the name ofthe city, Uggatathe

name of the warrior-noble, Pabhavati the name of the
mother of Sujdta, the great seer.
2T Helived thehouseholdlifefor
ninethousandyears.Thethree snperh palaces were Sid,
Upasiri,There
22 Nanda. were twenty-three thousand beautifully
adorned women. His wife was named Sirinanda, his son was
named Tlpasena.
23 After he had seen the four signs he departed on
horse-back-. The Conqueror strove the striving for not less
than nine months .
24 Sujata, leader of the world, great hero, on being
requested by Brahma, turned the Wheel in the superb
Sumangalapleasaunce.
25 SudassanaandDevawere thechiefdisciples.N
aradawasthe name of the attendant on Sujata, the great
seer. Naga and Nag:lsamala were the chief women
26
disciples. That Lord'sTreeofAwakeningis saidto be
27 And that Tree was thick, beautiful, not hollow, leafy,
theGreatVelu-',
a bamboo that was straight, big, good to look upon,
delightful.
1Ver. 18. 19 also at iv, 15, 17, xix, 12, 13.
2 The horse was named Hamsavaha, BvAC.
202. J mahavelu, probably not the Giant
Bamboo.

28 It grew to a good height as one stem and after that a
branch broke out; as a peacock's tail feathers well tied
together-, thus shone that Tree.
29 It had neither thorns not yet a hollow. It was big, the
bra nch es outspread, it was not sparse, the shade was dense,
it was delightful.
30 Sudatta and Citta were the chief attendants;
Subhadda and Padumji were the chief women attendants.
31 That Conqueror was fifty ratanas tall. He was furnished
with all the glorious attributes, provided with all the special
qualities.
32 His lustre, equal to the unequalled, streamed forth all
round. He was measureless, unrivalled, not to be compared
with anything similar.
33 The (normal) life-span lasted then for nin ety thousand
years. Living so long he caused many people to cross over. 34-
Just as the waves in the ocean-, justas the stars in the sky, so
was the Word (of the Buddha) ernblazoned then hy arahants.
35 Both that Buddha, equal to the unequalled, and those
unrivalled special qualities-have all disappeared. Are not all
constructions void?
36 Sujata, glorious Conqueror, Buddba, wan ed out in Sila-
park. A cetiya to him there was three gavllt::ls4 high .
T he T welfth Chronicle: that of th e T.ord Sujata
XIV THE THIRTEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
LORD PIYADASSIN
IAfter Sujata was Piyadassin, leaderoftheworld,self-become,
difficult to attack, equal to the unequalled, of great renown. :2
And that Buddha of boundless fame shone like the sun.
Annihilating all the gloom he turned the Wheel of Dhamma. 3
And under him whose incandescence had no gauge there
were
1Perhapstoa nnmlll' and used A~ P. sunshade. Z Cf. iv. 28. J Beginning
with omniscient knowledg-e. Four special qualities of a 'I'athagata
He given at l\l ik. 157. 4 gfivuta, a linear measure, is quarter of a yojana,
a little less than two miles.
XIV 13. PIYAD ASSIN 61
three penetrations. T he first penetration was by a hundred
thousand cro res. Sudassana, the deva-king, took pleasure
4 in false view. The
teacher, dispelling his false view, taught Dharnma.! An
assembly of people, without gauge, great, assembled
5 then;
the second penetration was by ninety thousand crores.
6 When the charioteer of men had tamed the elephant
DOQ-amukha2 there was the third penetration by eight
thousand crores. And this L ord Piyadassin had three
7 assemblies. The first was
a gathering of a hundred thousand crores, 8 Later, ninety
crores of sages gathered together. At the third assembly there
were eighty crores.
I at
9 repeater, that time
expert wasmantras,
in the a brahman (youth)
master named
of the threeKassapa,
Vedas.s a
10 When I had heard his Dhamma I conceived belief. With a
hundred thousand crores' I constructed a park for the Order. II
After giving him the park, I was exultant, sti rred in mind; I
undertook the refuges and the five moral habits making myself
firm in them. 12 And that Buddha too, as he was sitting in the
midst of the Order, declared of me: "After eighteen hundred
eons this one will be a Buddha. When he has striven the
striving, carried out austerities . . ." ". . . in the distant future
we will be face to face with this one."
This deva-king was at a gathering of yakkhas when the Buddha went to his
1
abode to dispel his wrong views. On hi, return the deva was so furious :0 find the
Buddha there that first of all he tried to bum him up. Finding, however, that he was
immune from burning up by fire, he tried to drown him by 1l1"An' of " flood
hecreated. Whenthistooproved uselessberaineddcwnon him showers
oftheninekindsofweapons;butthey turnedinto garlands of flowers.But the Buddha
determined he should beseen bv devas and mankind,and the101 kill!;;> of
Iambudtp»assembled and respectfully saluted th" Buddha. Sl'eTlvAr.. 209f.
Itwastothese and theirretinueswith Sudassana, the deva-king,ir. aprominent
position that he taught Dhamma as told in the next verse.
2 BvAC. Z10 J;iVClS a long description of ;IU \, the Elder SOI)a, who like Dcvadatta
was an CTll'my of the Buddha, tri"d hy several different means to rnake
the ele" hant kill him. nut by his power of mctta the Lord tamed the
elephant. cr. the story to which B.'AC. 212 refers, of the attempts of
Dcvadatta and Aj~t" sJttc to kill tlie Budd ha GuL<lUiJ by using the elephant
-As at II A. 6, iv. TO .
Dhanapala, 4 Of wealth.
 CHRO NICLE OF B UDDH AS x V I 4. AT T H ADASSIN

WhenIIresolutely
14 mind, had hearddetermined
his words all
onthe morepractice
further did I incline
for my 27 That glorious sage Piyadassin waned out in
fulfilling Assattha-park. A Conqueror's thiipa to him there was three
the ten perfections. yojanas high.
TheThirteenth Chronicle: that of theLordPiyadassin
Sudhafifia' was the name of the city, Sudatta-the name
of th e warrior-noble, Sucanda-was the name of the
mother of Piyadassin, the teacher. XV THE FOURTEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE LORD
16 IIelivedthehouseholdlifefornine thousandyears. ATTHADASSlN
Thethree superb palaces were Sunimmala, Vimala,
Giriguyha. 4 There werethirty-three thousand beautifullyado In that same Manda-eon! Atthadassin, bull of men-,
rned women. Ilis wife was named Vimald, his son was annihilating the great gloom, attained supreme Self-
IS
named After he had seen
Kaficanave]a,S the four signs he departed by chariot z Awakening.
On being requested by Brahma, he turned the
as the means of conveyance. The supreme among mcn 'Wheel of D hamma and refreshed with deathlessness-the
engaged in striving for six months. Piyadassin, grcat sage, ten-thousand worlds with the devas and men.
great hero, on being requested by Brahma, tumcd the Wheel in 3 And under this protector of the world there were
the delightful Usabha-pleasaunce. three penetrations. The first penetration was by a hundred
thousand crores.
20 Palitaand Sabbadassin? werethechiefdisciples. + When the Buddha Atthadassin went on tour among
Sobhitawas the name of the attendant on Piyadassin, the the devas there was the second penetration by a hundred
teacher. 21 Sujata and Dhamrnadinnf were the chief women thousand crores.
disciples. T hat Lord's Trcc of Awakening is said to be the 5 And again, when the Buddha taught in his father's
Kakudha.f
22 Sannaka and Dhammika? were the chief presence, there was the third penetration by a hundred
attendants; Visakha and Dharnmadinnii were the thousand crores, 6 ~ And this great seer too had three
chiefwomen attendants.
23 glorious Marks, EightyAnd thattall,
cubits Buddha of boundless
he looked like a king of whose cankers were destroyed, stainless,of
assemblies tranquil in mind.
steadfast ones
fame had the thirty-two
Sala trees. No lustre of fire, the moon and the sun was like 7 T he first gathering was of ninety-eight thousand ; the
unto the lustre of that great seer who was without an equal. second gathering was of eighty-eight thousand.
The life-span of this deva of devas was such that the One 8 The third gathering was of sevonty-cighr' thousand
with of those who were freed without substrate (for rebirth
25 vision remained in the world for ninety thousand years. remaining), stainless, great seers.
26 But that Buddha, equal to the unequalled, and those II n-
rivalled pairsl? have all disappeared. Are not all 9 I at that time was a very severe matted-hair
constructions void ? ascetic-named Susima, considered the best on earth.
1 Really a Vara-eon (in which three Buddhas arise) as explained at
BvAC. 216 but.whir.h says it 'was called alVIaI;19-a-eonfor
ISurlhai'ii'iavati at BvACB. Anoma at js. i. -'Q. 2 Sudassana at thesamereasonsas those given fo= calling Padumuttara'8 Sara-eon a
BvAB, Sudinna at Ja. i. 39. J Asat BvAC, 21.1-,Candaat BvAC. 208, Manda-eon,
z nariisabha; Be, BvACB mahayasa,'of great
BvAB, ]a. i. 39. 4 DvACD Ciribrahii. 5 Kanenna a: BvAC. 208 nnly. 6 renown. ~ ~;. 3~:~:~.ink of
Bv Ussavana; Be Usabhavatl . 1 Tl:e son of the king and of the
chaplain respectively. deathlessness.
Before this, he, like Su:nedha, had been a very wealthy brahm an,
. 5,
But, gn'm g away all his wealth to the poor and destitute, he went to
• Piyangurukkho at ]a. i. 39. Himavant and went ~o rth in lIn, goingforthofascetics,attainedthe
o Be Sandaka Dhammuka. 10 As at viii. 28. attainmentsandwas ofgreat psychiC potency; therefore he could visit the
deva-world.
 CHRONICLE OF BUDDHAS
xVI I S. DH A 1\[ 1\1ADA SSIN 6S

When I had brought deva-like Ilowers of mandiirava, lotus constantly suffused the ten quarters for a yojana above
10
and below.
andof theCoral Treefrom thedeva-world, Igreatlyhonoured
24-And that Buddha too, bul of men, supreme sage among
the Self-Awakened One. 11 AndthatBuddhatoo, Attliadassin,
all beings, One with vision, remained in the world for a
greatsage,declaredof me: ..After eighteen hundred eons this hundred thousand years.
one will be a Buddha. 12 'When he has striven the striving, 25 Having displayed unrivalled effulgence and shone
carried out austerities ..." "... in the distant future we will be over the worldwith thedevas,he too attained
face to face with this impermanence' likeafire on the consu mption of the fuel.
one ." When I had heard his words, exultant, stirred in
26 Atthadassin, glorious Conqueror, waned out in
mind, I resolutely determined Ull further practice for
Anoma-park, His relics were dispersed in a numb er of
fulfilling the ten
regions.
perfections.
The Fourteenth Chronicle: that of the Lord Atthadassin
Sobhana' was the name of the city, Sagara the name of
the warrior-noble, Sudassanii the name of the mother
of Atthathe teacher. He lived the household life for ten
dassin, XVI THE FIFTEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
thousand years. The three superb palaces wer e LORD DHAMMADASSIN
2
Ainaragiri, Suragiri, Girivuhllna • There were thirtv-
three
16 His thousand
wife beautifully
was na~cd adorned
Visakha, his son women,
3
was named Sela • I In that same Manda-eon Dhammadassin, of great
After he had seen the four signs he departed on horse- renown, dispelling that darkness, shone out in the world
back". with the devas.
The Conqueror strove the striving for not less than eight 2 And when he of unrivalled incandescence was
months. Atthadassin, of greal renown, great hero, bull turning the Wheel of Dhamma there was the first
18 of men, on penetration by a hundred thousand crores,
being requested by Brahma, turned the Wheel in 3 When the Buddha Dhammadassin guided away the seer
Anomapl easaunce. Santa and Upasanta were the chief Safijaya? then was the second penetration by ninety
disciples. Abhaya was the crores, 4 When Sakka and his company approached the
name of the attendant on Atthadassin, the teacher. guider awayby eighty crores.
then was the third penetration
Dharnma
20 That Lord's and
TreeSuuhamma
uf Awakening were the chief
is said to bewomen
the Campaka. 5 And that dcva of devas had three assemblies of
disciples.
Nakula and Nisabha were the chief att endants; Makila steadfast ones whose cankers were destroyed, stainless,
21
and Sunanda were the chief women attendants. And that tranquil in mind. 6 When the Buddha Dhammadassin went
rains then was the first gathering
to Sarana for of
thea thousand ero~cs.
Buddha, equal to the unequalled, eighty cubits tall,
22 shone like a king uf sala trees, like the king of stars at the
·1 7 And again, when the Buddha came from the dcva-
full. Countless hundreds of crores of rays from his natural world to that of men, then was the second gathering of a
stateS
23 hundred erores.

1Ja. i. 39 Scbhita.
2Given at Be as Amaragiri Sugiri Viihanii, .. Hv reads Sena, 4 The
horse's name was Sudassann nccnrding' to :he Corny, 5 Not produced
by his resolute determination, BvAC. ZI9, The rays there
fore emanatedfrom his bodyof theirownaccordandwerenotdue
toanymental resolve.
1 B,,:AC . 2 T9 ~ ays that he attained final nibbfina through the destruction of
thekinds of graspin g. . A king wl:o had seen the peril in sense-
fo~r
pleasures and gone forth in the gOIng .forth of seers with \}o crores
following hi, example. The Buddha, aware of3thelr mental
achievements, wen: to them and taught Dhamma.
So B\', BvACj a hundred thousand at D", DvAB.
 ~ And again, when the Buddha expounded the
special qualities of asceticism, then was the third
gathering of eighty crores.
9 I at that time was Sakka, fort-sh atterer.! Greatly I
honoured him with deva-like scents, garlands, instrumental
music. 10 That Buddh a-too, seated in the midst of devas,
me: Aftereigh een hundred
(l consofthis one willbeaBuddha. II
declared
\iVhen he has striven the striving, carried out austerities .
. ." in the distant future we will be face to face with this
<C •
••

one".
12 When I had heard his words all the more did I incline
my mind. I resolutely determined on further practice for ful-
filling the ten perfections."

13 Sarana was the name of thc city, Sarana the name

of the warrior-noble, Sunanda the name of the mother of
Dharnrnadassin, the teacher,
14 He lived the household life for eight thousand years.
The three superb palaces were Araja, Viroja, Sudassana.
15 T here were forty-three thousand beautifully
adorned women. His wife was named Vicikoli'', his son was
named Pufifiavaddh ana,
16 After he had seen the four signs he departed by
palace." The supreme among men engaged in striving for
17 Dhammadassin,bullofmen,greathero,
seven days.
supremeamongmen, on being requested by Brahma, turned
the Wheel in a deersanctuary."
18 PadumaandPhussadevawere
thechiefdisciples.Sunettawas the name of the attendant on
Dhamrnadassin, the teacher. 19 Kherna and
Lord's Tree uf
Saccanarna" werethechiefwomendisciples.
Awakening is said to be the That
Birnbijala. 20
Subhadda and Katissaha were the chief attendants; Sa!iya
and Va!iya?were thechiefwomen attendants. 21 And that
Buddha, equal to the unequalled, eighty cubits tall,
1purindadaisoneof Sakka'sepithets;seeIvILS.ii.52,n.5. 1 BvAC B tada .
3Bv Vicitoh, 4 The one called Sudassana, B\'AC. 2[5. s Co:ny. says at an XaEaycln Corridor-Dharnmadassi and Sakka Purindada.
Isipatans. A deer-sanctuary (migadaya) and a seers' resort

(isipatana)arcoften associated, butare Dotso connectedhere.Sce

Intr.p.xxii. 6Possiblymeaning "Shewhowasnamed Sacca.". DvACn S ah
7 Dc Katiyii.
bllliilllii.
 xvr rIG. sr DD HATTHA

shone out with incandescence over the ten-thousand work-

system . 22 Like a king of siila trees in full bloom, like
lightning in the heavens,liketheSUO ::ltmiriday;'sodid he
shineforth.
23 And the life2 of this one of un r-ivalled
incandescence was similar.P The One with vision remained
in the world for a hundred thousand years.
2+ Having displayed effulgence, having made a
stainless Dispensation, as the moon disappears" in the
heavens so did he wane out with the disciples.
25 Dharnmadassin, great hero, waned out in Kesa-
spark, That glorious thiipa (to him) there was three yojanas
high.
The Fifteenth Chronicle: that of the Lord Dhammadassin

XVII THE SIXTEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE

LORD SIDDHATI'HA

I After Dhammndassin was the leader named

Siddhattha; driving out all gloom, he was like the risen sun
then. After he had attained Self-Awake ning and was
2
causing the world with the devas to cross over, he rained
down from the cloud of Dh amma making the world with
the
3 devas Andcool.
under him whose incandescence had no gauge
there were three penetrations. The first pene tration was
by a hu ndred thousand crores.
+ And again, when he smote the drums in
Bhlmaratha", then was the second penetration by ninety
crores.
ICf. i. 44 . 2 jivita, life, life-principle. 3samaka, of thesame duration,
accordingto the Comy., as that ofthe people

atthat tome. T"iois no rmal, however:thelife-span ofnilBud dha. is roughly

the same as that of the people contemporary with them, much as all
heights of physicalframeare roughly thesame. .
• Bv virocayi, shone forth; Be, BvACB all read cavi, fell, deceased, and so
'disappeared'. On the other hand, us other Buddhas are npolcen of as having
waned out in a blaze of glory :he reading virocayi would not be out of
place, and ;Jerhaps is even to be preferred,
5 Kc l;l ~a at T hup, [4. ; Of ?
f'~thlessn eBs, BvAC. 224. A
City, Bv, Bhimarattha.
 x VII I I 7. TISSA

5 When that Buddha taught Dhamma in the men, on being requested by Brahma turned the Wheel in
superb city of Vebhiira," then was the third penetration a deer-sanctuary l. 18 Sambala-and
6 And
by ninety this supreme among men had three
crores. Sumittawerethechiefdisciples.Revatawasthe name of the
assemblies of steadfast ones whose cankers were attendant on Siddhattha, the great seer. 19 SivaHi and
destroyed, stainless, tranquil in mind. Surarna were the chief women disciples. That Lord's Tree
7 T here were these three occasions of a gathe:- of Awakening is said to be the Kanikara. 20
ing of stainless ones : of a hu ndred crores, of ninety, SuppiyaandSamuddawerethechiefattenda
and of eighty crores, nts;Ramrnaand Surammiiwere the chief women
8 I at that time was an ascetic named Mangala, And that Buddha was sixty ratanas tall to the sky.
attendants.
2 I
very austere, hard to overcome, endued with powers of Like a golden festooned columns he shone forth over the
the snperknowings. ten thousand.
9 Bringing a fruit from the rose-apple trcc2 I gave it 22 And that Buddha, equal to the unequalled,
to Siddhattha. When the Self-Awakened One had unrivalled, matchless, One with vision. remained in the
accepted it he. spoke these words : world for a hundred thousand years.
10 " Do you see this vcrv severe matted-hair 23 Having displayed a stainless lustre. having
ascetic? inetyfour e~ns from now h; will be a Buddha. caused the disciples to blossom:', and, gracing the
11 attainments, he waned out with the discip les.
24 The sage Siddhattha, glorious Buddha, waned
Whenhehasstriventhestriving,carriedoutausterities ..." out in Anomapark. Aglorious thupa to himthere!
"...
12 When
in the I had
distant heard
future wehis
willwords all to
be face the more
face withdid
thisI wasfouryojanashigh.
incline
one." my mind. I resolutely determined on further The Sixteenth Chronicle: that of the Lord Siddhattha
practice for fulfilling the ten perfections.

13 Vcbhara was the name of the city, Udena3 the XVIIT THE SEVENTEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
name of the warrior-noble, Suphassfi the name of the LORD TISSA
mother of Siddhattha, the great seer.
14 T After Siddhattha was Tissa, without an equal,
matchless, of unending morality, of boundless fame,
15 Therewereforty-
Helivedthehouseholdlifefortenthousandyears.Thethree highest leader in the worlel.
eightthousandbeautifullyadornedwomen. His wife was
superb palaces were Koka, Suppala, Kokanudji' 2 Dispelling the darkness of gloom, making
named Somanassa-, his son was named Annpama.P 16 effulgent the world with the devas, compassionate,
After he had seen the four signs he departed by means great hero, the One with vision arose in the world."
of a palanquin. T he Conqueror strove the striving for not
less than ten months. 17 Siddhattha, leader of the world, 1See xvi, 17. 2Bv Sanphala; ByAC. 224 Sarnbahula, cut Sarnbalain the
great hero, supreme among verse onp. 226,
and at Be, DvAB.
IHewasteachingtheBuddhavamsato hisrelations, BvAC.22"', 2 DvAC. ~z5 sap 3 Cf. xi. 27 .

hew enttothis trceby psychic potency. It"1.,,,says, as doc. Vin. i. 30. that he Le. with the flowers of the attainment of meditation, the super-
this land of the rose-apple (jarnoudipa = India) is called after knowincs, t ~ ways . and ~he fruits, B'IAC. 227.
this rose-apple tree (jambu). Read1JJ1:\" with De tatth' ev' assa instead of B'I tatth' eva so. J Jayasena at Jii. i. 4-0. • Called Paduma at BvAC. 22 3 and at DvAB. 6 Cf, M hvu
iii. 245 which also says he was born during the festival (of the 5 Sumanii at Bv, 6 An.j.pama at Be. astcnsm) of Tisya,
 CHRO NICLE OF ll UDDH AS
3
His too were unrivallcd psychic potency and unrivalled
morality and wncentraticn. He, having gone to
perfection in everything, turned the Wheel of Dhamma.
ThatBuddhamadehis purcspeechheard in the ten-
4 thousand.
At the first teaching of Dhamma hundreds of crores pene
trated .! The second was of ninety crores, the third of
5 sixty crores, He
released from bondage/ the men and deities who were present
then. Tissa, highest leader in the world, had three
assemblies
6 steadfast of whose cankers were destroyed, stainless,
ones
tranquil in mind. Thefirst wasa gatheringofa
7 hundredthousandwhosecankers
were destroyed. The second was a gathering of ninety
hundred thousand. The third was a gathering of eighty
hundred
8 cankers thousand
were whose
destroyed, stainless, blossoming through
freedonr'.
9 I at that time was a warrior-noble named Sujiita. Having
abandoned great possessions I went forth in the going forth
of seers." 10 'WhenIhadgone forthftheleaderof
theworldarose.Hearing the sound ' Buddha' zest ar03e in
me. II Taking deva-likc flowers of mandiirava, lotus, and
7 <5 wasthe nameof theattendanton Tissa, thegreatseer. 22
Coral T ree flowers illbothhands, rustling.f Iwentup to
12 Tissa, highest leader in the world, Conqueror, when
he was surrounded by the four kinds (of eompanics'[).
Bringing those flowers, I held them oyer his head.
IB','A savs he taught Dhamma to the king's two SUIls (who later became his
chief disciples) arul "their entourages as thou gh makirig it known to) the ten
thou. and workl.,ystem. 2 From bondage to the ten fetters. J As at viii. 8. 4 E.
J. Thomas,in a notetome,said By'sisipabbajja.iristhecorrectspelling
but wrong metre and " I think the author wrote _pab·~"j"m " . This is the
reading at Dc, BvAB. S Here meaning when he had reached a certain status
in that discipline. 6 Cf. II A. 48; shaking or rustling the hark-garments. • . . ~
BvAC. 229 say'hewentto 0he:wen-worHby means 0: hispsychicpotency (cf. xv,
10), filled a silver casket measurin g a gavuta with the flowers, came back
and honoured the Buddha with them as in vcr. 12. 8 Warrior-nobles,
brahmanas, hcuseholdcrs, red uses, but some aay the four vanuas (castes),
DvAC. 230 .
x VIII I 7. TISSA
13 And as he was sitting in the midst of the people this Buddha
too declaredofme: "Ninety-twoeons from nowthisone
will be a Buddha. When he has striven the striving,
carried out austerities . . ." ". . . in the distant future we
will be face to face with this one. " When I had heard
his words all the more did I incline my
15 mind. I resolutely determined on further practice for
fulfilling the ten perfections.
16 Khernaka was the name of the city, janasandha! the
name of the warrior-noble, and Padurnii the name of the
mother of Tissa, the great seer.
17 He lived the household life for seven thousand
years. The threesuperbpalaceswere Cuhasela,
IS There were thirty thousand heautifully adorned
Nari2,Nis:I.hhiP.
women. His wife was named Subhadda, his son was named
Ananda, After he had seen the four signs he departed on
horse-back". The Conqueror strove the striving for not less
than eight months.
20 Tissa, highest leader in the world, great hero, on
be'ng requested by Brahma, turned the Wheel in the superb
Yasavati'.
21 Brahmadeva and Udaya were the chief disciples. S~ mang:l
Phussa and Sudattii were the chief women disciples. T hat
Lord's Tree of Awakening 1.<; said to he the Asana.
23 Sambala andSiri?werethechief
attendants;Kisagotamiand Upasena were the chief women
attendants. ~nd that Buddha, Conqueror, was sixty ratanas
in height: Incomparable, unique, he was to be seen like the
Hirn avant''. And the life-span of him of unrivalled
incandescence was
~ Sncca~a?dh2 atBvAC. 227.butIanasaadhaat BvAC.
230. , BvNan, Be, B ~'An Narisaya, BvAC Narisa, BvAD
Usabha,
'1" e hone wus named Sonuttara according to DvA.
A deer-sanctuary according to BvA .
 XI XIS. PHUSSA

unsurpassed", The One with vision remained 111 the world for a
hundred thousand years. 26 Having enjoyed great renown,
7 The third was a gathering of forty hundred thousand of those
who were freed without clinging (remaining), their
superb, most glorious, best, blazing like a mass of fin: lit: relinking eut through.
waned out with the disciples. 2 '7 As a cloud by the wind, like
I

frost by the sun, as darkness by a lamp, he waned am with
the disciples.
28 Tissa, glorious Conqueror, Buddha, waned out in
Nanda-; park. A Conqueror's thfipa to him there was three
yojanas high.
The Seventeenth Chronicle: that of the Lord Tissa
XIX THE EIGHTEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF
THE LORD PHUSSA
Inthesame IVIaI:l9a-eOn wasthe teacher
Phussa>,unsurpassed, incomparable, equal to the
unequalled, highest leader in the world.
2 When he had dispersed all the gloom and had
untangled the great tangle", he rained down the waters of
deathlessness refreshing the world with the devas.
3 When Phussa was turning the Wheel of Dhamma
during the festival of an asterisms, there was the first
penetration by a hundred thousand crores.
4 The second penetration was by ninety hundred
thousand ; the third penetration by eighty hu ndred
thousand".
5 And Phussa, great seer, had three assemblies
whose
of cankers
steadfast were destroyed, stainless, tranquil in mind.
ones
6 The first was a gathering of sixty hundred thousand ; the
second was a gathering of fifty hundred thousand.
8 I at that time was a warrior-nnhls named Vijitiivin.
Ahandoning a great kingdom, J went forth in his presence.'
And this Buddha Phnssa, highest leader in the world, also
9
declared of me: " Ninety-two eons from now this one
will be a Buddha.
10 When he has striven the striving, carried out aus
terities .. ." ". . . in the distant future we will be face to face
with this one."
II When I had heard his words all the more did I
incline mv mind. I resolutely determined on further practice
for fuifilling the ten perfections.?
12 HavinglearntthoroughlytheSuttantaandVinaya
andall the ninefold Dispensation of the teacher, I illumined
the Conqueror's Dispensation.
Living diligent therein, developing theBrahms-
development, after reaching perfection in the super-
knowings to the Rrnh ma-worlrl went 1.3
Kiisika was the name of the city, jayascna" the name of the
warrior -noble, and Si ~irna the name of the mother of
1-
Phussa,the great seer. :> Helivedthehouseholdlifefornine
thousandyears>. Thethree superb palaces were Carula'',
Harnsa, Suva;:lDabhiira. 16
There 'were twenty-three thousand beautifully adorned
women. His wife was named Kisiigotaml, his son was
named Anupama7.
After he had seen the four signs he departed mo...mted on an

1It was neither too long nor to) short, so EvA. See Intr. p. xxx.ii, 2 D 1 According to BvA he became an expert in the three Pitakas, gave a tnlk on
Sunanda, BvAC. 231. 3 At [{h .;\.. 20Z, PvA. 19 there is a story abnut hamm
ab to the populace, and fulfilled the perfection of morality. cr. iii. 22
ove,
Phussa, 4Asynonym fortanha, cravingorthirst,BvAC.233; cr.
SA. 49. S a 2 Read d -..
J• asaparaml_ with Be and not dasarnaparami-as at Bv. 4 These
Phusse nakkhattamangale appears to be £ pun, since Phussa is also the
last two verses also at iv, 16, 17, xiii. 18, 19; ef. xii, 16, 17.
name of an asterrsm. Mhvu. iii. 245 says he was born during this aster-ism, Jana,ena
S B .. at J1en 17
or the festival held then, and was named .ft"r it. This verse could be vAC 6,000.
b t v. !3hread 2
The 9,000 as at Be, BvAE, Jkm. 17 accords \tcl WIt the
B VA~23 230 Samaha; Ja.i. 40
translated th erefore (I) asabove,or(2) Whenhewas...during thefestival 7
length
Sambhava,of his life-span. ~e.
Be SltIma,7Bv l'lvAC, ::132, BvAB read Carulapukkl:a. ''Ulanda
Siri
oftheasterism of Phussa. BvA is silent. aD .
eWhen he was teaching Dhammu tu his own 50 :1. "'at
vABv, says this mounta:n was 100 yojanas high, could be seen from far away
an" was peaceful.
74 CHRO;-':ICLE 0 1' H DDHAS x X I 9. YIPASS I N 75

elephant,Thesupreme among menengaged in strivingfor six. W hen he had torn apartheallset

ignorance
2suorcme Self-Awakening, forth to and
turnhad
the attained
Wheel
months. Phussa, highest leader in the world, great of DhaI:lma in the city of Bandhumati. When the leader
hero, supreme amongmen,onbeing requestedby was turning the Wheel of Dhamma he
Brahrna, turned the Wheel in a deer-sanctuarvl. 3
awakenedbothl.Thiswas thefirstpenetration, nottobe
Surakkhita? and -Dhammasena were the chief disciples. told by number. Later, he of boundless fame
Sabhiya' was the name of the attendant on Phussa, the
+ expounded the truth there. The
great seer. 20 ens and Upacala" were the chief women second penetration was by eighty-four thousand. When
disciples. That L ord's T ree of Awakening is said to be the 5 they had arrived in the monastery the One with vision
taught Dhamma to those eighty-four thousand who had
AmaQc;la5• 21 Dhanafijaya and Visiikha were the chief
gone forth following the exampleofthe Self-Awakened
attendants; Padurna and Naga were the chief women
6 One.H aving gone close and listened when he was
attendants.
22 And that sage was fifty-eight ratanas tall. He shone speaking (and dwelling) on all aspects, they too went t02
like him of a hundred rays, like the moon at the full. The the glorious Dharnma;thiswasthethird penetration.
(normal)
23 Livinglife-span lasted
so long he then
caused for ninety
many peoplethousand
to cross years.
over. Vipassin,
7 great seer,
whose cankers werehad three assemblies
destroyed, stainless,oftranquil
steadfast
in
When he had exhorted many beings and had caused the ones 8 The first gathering was of sixty-eight hundred.'
mind.
gre:!t populace to cross over, that teacher too, of unrivalled thousand. Thesecondgatheringwas ofahundred
renown, waned out with the disciples. Phussa, glorious thousandmonks. 9
Conqueror, teacher, waned out in Senaopark. His relics were The third gathering was of eighty thousand monks. The
dispersed in a number of regions. Self-Awakened One shone out there in the midst of the
company of monks.

The Eighteenth Chronicle: that of :he Lord Phussa 10 T at that ti:ne was a naga-king named Atula, of great
psychic potency, meritorious, bearer of light .
II When Twent up to the eldest in the world'i then.
XX THE NINETEENTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE playing on d<:va-like musical instruments, having
LORD VIPASSIN surrounded (him)5 With countless crores of niigas,
12 having approached Vipassin, the Self-Awakened
I And after Phussa the Self-Awakened One named One, leader of the world, and having invited? him, I gave
Vipassin", SlIpreme among men, One with vision, arose in the king under D harnrna a golden seat inlaid with pearls
the world.
1 T'his was at an isip atana, a ~CCr3 ' resort, and jewels, embellished with r.very adornment.
inthecityofSatikassa,BvAC.232 • 2 Sukbiraat By. 3 Sarnbhiva at Bv. 4 I) As he was sitting in the midst of the Order that
SiiliiUpasala atBvAC. S Corny. identifiesthiswith iimalaka,and Buddha too declared of me: " Ninety-two eons from now
BvACI3 ; I:d at Ja. i. 41. p.mat;lc,ia is also glossed by amalaka at
itisso called intheprosepartof this one will be a Buddha .
rvIA. iv, 147 ; ~cc lVILS.iii. 140, n. 3. . 6 Sona at Bv, Sena at Be. BvACB.
Jii and j krn , Sundara at Thup. 15. This parkissaidtohavebeenir. I 1 Prince Khanda, his younger half-brother, and T'issa, the
Kusinara, . "I The first of the six Buddhas preceding Gotama. chaplain's son, aterto become 2Th' •.-. ' v . .........
hi.chiefdisciples
-j . . ·,8 arul R,·t\C·-"'7
seevet
Beginning
D. ii. zff. gives with details oftheir'lives'.Cf. Mhvu,iii. 215f. Vipassinis
Vipassin,
some . ISmeansthey
I'''f .\' 1'[' t40 came to knuw his Dhammn T he po..! "ttf'mpt. to
sometimes saidtohave taught Dhamma cnce ineverysevenyears,see connect tIleImphed meanings of gantvil and upanisiidino, sitting
l\..!>". i. 165. and to ha ve held the up osatha once in every seven dose,6
Bvomit,or having
4S . •I !'one c ~" e. Onthesentimentcf, M. i. 480.
. . e, ee note to I. 72. . .e, the Lord, BvAC. z.p. nlmantetvii, i.e,
years, see DhA iii. 230, or once in everysixyears, but on such had invited him to accept the gift.
occasions the whole Order of m onks was pre,ent, VA. •86ff. See 0 100 Yin.
iii. 7ff.

14 Having departed from the delightful city of Kapi a,
he will be aTathagata.When hehas striven thestriving
andcarried out austerities,
IS after sitting at the root of the Ajapdla tree and
accepting milkrice there, the Tathiigata will go to the
Nerafijara.
16 Whcn he has partaken of the milk-rice on the bank
of the Ncrafijara, that Conqueror will go to the root of the
Tree of Awakening by the glorious way prepared.
Ii Then, circumambulating the dais of the T ree of
Awakening, the unsurpassed one 0: great renown will
awaken to SelfAwakening, at the root of an Assattha.
]8 His gcnctrix and mother will be named Maya, his father
Suddhodana; he will be named Gota:na. 19 Kolita and
Upatissa, cankerless, attachment gone, tranquil in mind,
concentrated, will be the chief disciples.
20 .i\nanda 'will be the name of the attendant who will
attend on this Conqueror. Khcmii and Uppalvanna will be
the chief women disciples, 21 cankcrlces, attachment gone,
tranquil in mind, concentrated. That Lord'sTree
ofAwakening is said tobethe Assattha."! 22 When I had
heard his words all the more did I incline my mind. I
resolutely de:ermined on further practice for fulfilling the tcn
perfections.
23 Bandhumati was the name of the city, Bandhuma the
name of the warrior-noble, Bandhumatl the name of the
mother of Vipassin, the great seer.
24 He lived the household life for eight thousand years.
The three superb palaces were Nanda, Sunanda, Sirimii.
25 There were forty-three thousand beautifully adorned
women. His wife was named Sutanu''. his son was named
Samavattakkhandha' .
26 After he had seen the [OUI signs he departed by
chariot as the means of cunvc:yance. The Conqueror strove
the striving for not less than eig!Jt months,
1cr. ver, 14-Z I with II A. 6:;: 6'). 2BvSutana:BeSudassana:BvACB
Sudassanaaddingthat she isalsocalled
Sutanu; she is again so called ct BvAC. 2 4 1. Sudhilm with v. 1. Surana at
DA·422 . , Bv
Samvattakkhando.
x XI 2 o. SIKHI N
27 Vipassin, leader of the world, great hero, supreme
among men, UIl being requested by Brahrna, turned the
Wheel in a deersanctuary.
Khanda! and Tissa were the chief disciples, Asoka
28
was the name of the attendant on Vipassin, the great seer.
29 Lord's
Candii andTree of Awakening
Candamitta is said
were the chieftowomen
be the disciples.
Patali. 30 That
Punabbasumitta and Naga were the chief attendants;
Sirima and Uttara were the chief women attendants.
Vipassin, leader of the world, was eighty cubits tall. His
31 lustre streamed forth for seven yojanas all aro und. The
Buddha's life-span then was eighty thousand years. Living
60 long he caused rr.any people to cross over. He released
from bondage many devas and men, and to the
33 remaining ordinary people he pointed out the Way and
what was not the ' Yay. 3+ When he had displayed the light-
and had taught the undying state, blazing like a mass of fire
he waned out with the disciples. 35 The glorious psychic
potency, the glorious merit, and the Marks that were
blossoming-have all disappeared. Are not all constructions
void ? 36 Vipassin, glorious Conqueror, wise one", waned
out in Sumitta-park.Agloriousthupato
himwassevenyojanashigh.
The Nineteenth Chronicle: that of the Lord Vipassin
XXI THE TWENTIETH CHRONICLE: THAT OF
THE LORD SIKHIN
After Vipassin was the Self-Awakened One named
Sikhin, supremeamongmen,
Having smashed Mara's
2 Conqueror,withoutanequa army, attained to
,matchless.
supreme SelfAwakening, he turned the Wheel of Dhamma
out of compassion for breathing things.
"1 ~v Khandha, also at DA. 45i with v, 1. Khandha; Be, D. ii. 4, DA. 416, n A.
1. 14.0, Jiii. 4 1 Khanda, ~ aloka, the light of the knowledge of the \'lay,
llvAC. 212 • 4 Be, BvACB ea kuauruitarir; B\' catubhumikarh. Bv dhiro; Be
buddho.
3 AsSikh.n,bull (-
111<111)1ufConquerors,wasturningtheWheel uf Dhanuua
then; was the first penetration by a hundred thuusarul
+
crorcs. And later while the best of the cornpany-, the
supreme among men, was teaching Dhamma there was
the second pcntration by ninety thousand crores.
5 AndwhilehewasdisplayingtheMarveloftheDoubleto
the world vvith the dcvas there was the third penetration
by eighty thousand crores.
6 Sikhin, too, great seer, had three assemblies of
steadfast ones whose cankers were destroyed, stainless,
tranquil in mind. 7 T he first gathering was of a hundred
second gathering wasthousand monks
of eighty ; the monks. 3 T he
thousand
third gathering was of seventy thousand monks; it was
unsullied likealotusgrownupin thewatcr.J

9 I at that time was a warrior-noble named Arindama,

With food and drink I refreshed the Order with the Self-
Awakened One at the head.
10 After giving many glorious robes-not less than a
crore of robes-I gave the Self-Awakened One a caparisoned
ridingelephant."
II Measuring (the dimensions of) the riding-elephant, I
presented what was allowable", I fulfilled my purpose which
was eyer-present and firm.
12 And that Buddha Sikhin, highest leader in the world,
also declared of me: "Thirty-one cons from now this one
will be a Duddh a.
13 Having departed from the deligh tful city of Kapila .
. ,6" ". .. .wewillbefacetoface withthisone."

)?Ul:gava as at Visrn.78,Mhvu.iii.?4l). 2 ganasettha, best of the band of

disciples, J Cf. A. ii. 39. 4 nanhiyana, elephant vehicle. IIIUUlIl, mode of
conveyance. The same word

has been used, and is used below. ver. IR, in speaking of the Bodhisattas
who departed hatthiydncna, which I have translated "mounted on an
elephant". I think " on a riding elephant" would be just as good, ar.d
would distinguish a riding-elephant frun: a work ing one,
S kappiya, permissible orallowableof use.BvAC. 245
giveskappiyabhandam. DPPN.(s,v. ;.Arindama);,suitablegiftsto
theheightofanelephant".Perhaps astablefor theelephantisintended.
• See xx, ' ,"'
 xx[ zo. SI I~ IIIN 79

If When I had heard his words ::111 the more dirl

Tincline my mind. I resolutely determined on further
practice for fulfilling the ten perfections.

15 Arunavatt W ;lS the name of the city, Aruna' the

name of the warrior-noble, and Pabhavati the name of the
mother of Sikhin, the great seer.
16 He lived the household life for seven thousand years.
The three superb palaces were Sucanda, Giri, Vahana-. 17 T
here were twenty-four thousand beautifully adorned
women. His wife was called Sabbakiima, his son was
18
named After
Atula. he had seen the four signs he departed
mounted on an elephant-'. The supreme among men
engaged in striving for eight mo nths.
19 Sikhin, highest leader in the world, great hero,
supreme ::Imong men, on being requested by Brahma,
turned the Wheel in a deer-sanctuary."
2::> Abhibhil and Sambhava! were the chief disciples.
Khernankara was the name of the attendant on Sikhin, the
great seer. 21 Makhila" and Paduma were the chief women
Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to be the Pundarika",
disciples.22
That
Sirivaddha and Candas were the chief attendants; Citta
and Sugatta were the chief women attendants. 23 That
Buddha was seventy cubits in height. He of the thirtytwo
glorious Marks resembled a golden festooned column.
24-T he fathom -length halo was a lustre that streamed
forth from his body continuously day and night for three
yojanas over all the quarters.
25 This great seer's life-span was seventy thousand
years. Living so long he caused many people to cross over.

1 Arunavs at BvAC 243 (prose), 246 (verse), S. i. 155. ]km. 18.

2 BereadsSucandaka GiriVasabha, ProsepartofBvACBcallsthem Sucanda
leaairi Giriyasa Narivasabha. Bv reads Vahana, This verse does not occur in the
Corn y. J Perhaps the elephant given to him by
Arindama,
DhA.
4 iii. 236 says he held the uposatha once in every six ycars; see
Yin. iii. 71f.
! Both are mentioned at S. :. 155f. where there is a story about Abhibhu

which is referred to at A. i. 227. Kvu, 203. DA. .p 6.

• As at Be, .Ih·AC. Ja. i. 4:. Akhila at Bv, Sakhila at I:lvAI:l.
7Identified by BvAan:!DA. 416

withtheSctntnha.whitemango. 8 Be. BvAB Nanda,

 CHR ONICLE OF BUDDHAS X X II ZI. VESSA D IlD 81

2(; Having made the cloud of Dhamma rain down 6 On seeing the great wonder, astonishing,
moistening the world with the devas, attaining to that astounding, sixty crores of devas and men awakened.
peace! himself, he waned out with the disciples. 7 Ves;abhii, great seer, had three assemblies of steadfast
27 The minor characteristics 'with which he was one!' 'whose cankers were destroyed, stainless, tranquil in
endowed, the thirty-two glorious Marks2 have all mind. 8
disappeared. Are not all constructions void? gathering was of seventy thousand monks1.
Thefirstgatheringwasofeightythousandmonks;thesecond
28 Sikhin, glorious sage, Buddha, waned out in Dnssa-- 9 The third gathering was of sixty thousand monks
park. A glorious rhupa to him was three yojanas high. who had overpassed the fear of ageing and so forth-, great
seers, own !'ons3 (of the Buddha).
The Twentieth Chronicle: that of the Lorn Sikhin 10 The superb Wheel had been turned by that Buddha
without an equal. I rejoiced in the going forth when I had
heard the excellent Dhamma."
XXII THE TWENTY-FIRST CHRONICLE: THAT OF THE
LORD VESSABHU II I at that time was a warrior-noble called Sudassana.
Having invited the great hero and given a gift of great
I In the same Manda-eon the leader" named value", I honoured the Conqueror and the Order with food,
Vessabhii, without an equal, matchless, arose in the world. drink, with clothing.
2 Realizing thenthatitS'wasaflame 12 Having bestowed the great gift, unre1axing night
withthefireofpassionand was the domain? of cravings then, and day, I went forth in the Conqueror's presence in the
he attained supre:ne SelfAwakening like an elephant going forth that is endowed with special qualities.
breaking asunder its shackles. When Vessabhu, leader of 13 Endowed with the special quality of right practice,
3 composed in the duties and in morality, seeking for
theof
world, was turning
Dharnrna the the
there was 'Wheel
first penetration by eighty thousand
crores. When the eldest? in the world, bull of men, was omniscience I delighted in the Conqueror's Dispensation.
14 Having come to faith and zest, I reverenced the
4 setting out on Buddha, the teacher", Zest arose for the sake of my
tour in the realm there was the second penetration by
seventy thousand crores. Heworkeda Marvel" driving 15 Knowing
Awakening itself."that I had no intention of turning back",
the SelfAwakened One spoke thus, "Thirty-one eons from
5 out a great falseview;men and now this one will be a Buddha.
deities uftheten-thousand worlds of menwith
thedevaswere gathered tugether. •1 ,There is some number confusion here,
is given as Hv, Beahassa,
sattatirr.sas and 37,0
BvAH
0 0 . give
sattatibhikkhusahassa In tne
2 Bv ibhabut
verse,
jarad in the prose
yacittana portions
rii ; BvAB of DyACD and
-bh ayantanam , in
1kheruais thesecurityor pe"ee ofnibbiina as BvA notes, 2 RvA savs the Lord's the verse in DvAC theBe
body was endowed 'with the So :nir. or characteristics ar.d adornedwith -b h ayabh ltanarn ; ,
theJ2 MarksofaGreatMan, J AssaatBeandHvACI3. ButDussa,asatBY, Thup.16, j BvAC
krn, 18, might have reference to the dusaa, cloths or robes, that the -bhavatltdn am : .,
3 ' Spiritual' eo na lrip
Bodhisnrr.r eave to Sikain, see ahn ve ver, 10. 4 niiyako, but Bv reads so jinc
is m eant.
which Be recognizes as a reading. He is said to

have held uposatha or.ee .n every six years DbA. iii. ;':36, S"e also Vin. iii.
7ff. , DvAC . Z+9 sakalnm idarn lokattaysrn, tb is entire triple world. 6 vijitarn
explained by ratthafi ca vasavattitthar,am at BvAC. 249 · 7 jettha; BvAC
reads settha, best, a, noticed by Be, BvAB. For 'eldest' see
i. 72 above , 8 BvA aays it woo the :vlarvel of
the Double,
 CHRO NICLE O F BUDDHA S X X I I I 22. KAKUSAN DHA

Having departed from the delightful city of Kapila1.. ." "... Having
28 great made Dhamma
populace", widely
and having famed,the
provided having
ship assorted
of the
in the distant future we will be face to face with this
Dharnma-, he waned out with the disciples. All the comely
one"2.
people-', the mode of life and the mode of behaviour" have
17 When I had heard his words all the more did T
all disappeared. Are not all constructions void?
incline my mind. I resolutely determined on further pr acti
Vcssabhfi,glorious Conqueror,teacher, waned outin Khl'm:1
ce for fulfilling the ten perfections.

18 Anorna-t was the name of the city, Suppatlta' the 3°

name of the warrior-noble, Yasavati the nameofthe mother
ofVcssabhu, the great seer. He lived the household life for
six thousand years. The three superb palaces were Ruci,
Suruci, Rativaddhana-.
20 There were net less than thirty thousand beautifully
adorned women. His wife was named Sucitrfi, his son was
named Suppabuddha.
21 Aft er he had seen the four signs he departed by
palanquin'' as the means of conveyance. The supreme
among men engaged in striving for six: months.
22 Vessabhu, leader of the world, gr~:It hero, supreme
among men, on being requested by Rrahrna, turned the
Wheel in Aruna-park.
23 SonaandUttarawerethechiefdisciples. Upasanta?
wasthe name of the attendant on Vessahhfl, the great seer.
Damas and Samala were the chief women disciples. T hat
Lord'sTree ofAwakeningissaidto he the GreatSala. Sotthika
and Ramma were th p. chief attendants ; Cotami? and
Sirima were the chief women attendants. He was sixty
ratanas tall. He resembled a golden sacrificial pillar. Rays
streamed forth from his hody like fire at night on a
mountain-top . Thisgreatseer'slife-spantowassixty thousand
years.Living solonghecaused manypeopleto crossover.
park. His relics were dispersed in a number of regions.
The Twenty-first Chronicle: that of the Lord Vessahhn
XXIIl THE TWENTY-SECOND CHRONICLE: THAT OF
THE LORD KAKUSANnHA
I After Vessabhu was the Self-Awakened One named
Kakusandha-, ~upr eme among men, immeasurable, hard to
attack. Having suppressed all becoming, come to (the)
2
perfectionts) through right practice, like a lion breaking
asunder its cage he attained supreme Self-Awakening.
When Kakusandha,
3 Wheel of Dhammaleader
there of the
was worlel,
the was tnrning by
first penetration the
forty thousand crores, 'When he was in mid-air in the sky,
after working the
+
char.ging Doubles he awakened thirty thousand crores of
devas and men. 5 'When he was expounding the four
truths for the yakkha
1 He classified them in respect of exertion and so forth and in respect of
stream -cnt:-)' and so forth. 2 The ship of Dhamma which is for crossing over
the four floods is the eightfold Way. Sec II A. 58. 3 Bv rnahajana, the great
populace; Be, BvACB sab bajana (which I follow)

means the Buddha and his disciples, BvAC. 252. J iriyaparhu also means the
ISecxx,:4. 2Seeiv. 13. 3 n·..AC. 247.251 Anupama: D. ii. 7, JiL i. 42 fcurpostures. S The first of the five Buddhas in this Bhndrln-eon. He is said
Anopama. 4 Bv Supatita; ]km. IS Pupphavatika, S Bv Vaddhana. 5By 4 Be
to and
have BvAB reverse the order of ver, roo I [ as given in Bv and ByAC,
held
agoldenpalanquin,.!:lvAC.2.p. 1D.ii.6Upasannaka. presumablyso
uposatha once inthat
every the Bodhisattabeginshis
year, DhA. iii. 236. See Vin, iii.'autobicgraphy'
7ff. atthe
traditional
This
Q place:
presumes he though
rose intothis
theseparates
air af:er he thehadtwoperformed
verses that refer
the to the
Marvel. llvAgift.
• Ile, DvA D Rama. 9 BvAC. 0151 Kuligotaml as noted at BvAB. BvAC.
[ follow
says This
Bv, lineitomitted
he5 worked at the rout uf aB•
at B\'. Bv buddham
great sala ucc atvandami sartharam:
the gatcwdy teo the city
10Readingwith Be.RvACO,iyutassamahesino,which bringsitintolinewith xx, BvAC padc vandarni satthari as nnoted ';.AD" . 'vikuhhana:
at ynrnaka Cf xxv, 32. vikubban
b a~
of Ka!JlJ,akujja. 'Th~ ' ('~ang inl< Ollhl..', i
3:1, xxi. 25, xxiii. 24, xxiv, 26, LXV. 43 (also II B. 217) instead of Bv's iiyu versatile,(DY.
lv"ttm:',~nasam,
means alsoanivatta-] fian'il, "knowing
transformation, miracle,my purposo of
miraculous no-tumaek ,ef.
manifestation,
vijjatitavade, ...he (normal)life-spanlastedthen",asisusualinallexceptthese vni. 2 amvattrgamanarnagga.
usually through psychic potency (when performed by a Buddha and
seven references to the length of the life-spari, with xviii. 25 added where arahants), So perhapshere itrueausrillgillg thechanges 011the 1\Iarvelofthe
the wording is unique. Sec Intr. p. xxxiii, Double,nodoubt always in their proper sequence.
 CH RO N 1C L EO l' l:l UD DH AS
Naradeva", the (number gaining) penetration of his
Dharnma was incalculable by computation. 6 The Lord
Kakusandha had one gathering2 of steadfast ones whose
cankers were destroyed, stainless, tranquil in mind.
7 The gathering then was of forty thousand who had
attained the tamed stage by the destruction of the host of
cankeren emi cs.!
8 I at that time was a warrior -noble named Khema,
Having given aconsiderablegift to the Tathiigata
andtheConqueror's sons,
9 having given bowls and robe -materials, ointment
(for the eyes)", wild Iiquorice' I bestowed all this, very
glorious,Sas was wanted.
10 Andthatsage Kakusandha, guideraway,alsodeclaredof
me: " In this Bhadda-eon this one will be a Buddha.
II Having departed from the delightful city of Kapila ..
." "... in the distant future we will be face to face with this
one " .
12 Whcn I had heard his words all the more did I incline
my mind. I resolutely determined on further practice for ful
filling the ten perfections.
13 Khernavati was the name of the city. I was named
Khema then. Seeking omniscience I went forth in his
prcscr.ce.
I Th p~ f' nararlcva, man -gods, who were yakkhas, appear to have acquired the
personal name of Naradcva; cf. xxv, 7. The visible physical form of this one
washuman. Heenticedpeopletocometoalovelylake inthemiddle ofadesert
andthenhe:alethem,went into somewoodsnearbyandate thecreature. there.
Thetprr;fipdpeoplewaited t:11they couldcrossthedesertinlargeconvoys. But the
Lord knew that they and the naradeva yakkha were within the net of knowledge.
So he went to the naradeva's abode where, after receiving homage and h unour
[10m him and hie ent ourage, hc tullced on tho four truths and there was 6i,
thirdrenetra:ior. ofDhamma, BvAC.2nf.
2Cf. D. ii. S. All the other Buddhas had three except Kaku sandha, and the
remaining Buddhasin thiscon, Konugamana,KassapaandGorarna,
3 Be, BvAC D ii ~aYii ri-gal;\ akkh ll Y 'l . By iiGuviidi-. As there are no more than fOllr ;
~ava~, cankers, BV' 5 -adi, meaning "and w forth", seems to make little sense. On
the other hand -ari could be taken as psychological enemies, such as the
defilements, kilesa. Ur it could mean " the enemies that are the cankers ". BI'A
docs not explain.Itmerely GUys th ese +0,000 were arahants . Cf. D. ii. 5.
4 afijana and madhulatthika. See Intr, p, xlviii.
5vararn vararn, explained at BvAC 256 as scttharn settharn, best of the
best. It also says yaca tam pat thitarn is also a reading (ado pted above);
and then, " I saye him all that he wished j this is more correct".
XXIII 22. KAKUSANDIIA 85
And the Buddha's father was the brahman named
Aggidatta. Visiikha was the name of the mother of
Kakusandha, the great scer.! There in Khema-ciry dwelt
th ewho
15 clan Self-Awakened One's
were the most greatand best of men, well
glorious
born, of great renown . 16 He lived the household life for
four thousand years. T he three sup erb palaces were Kama,
Kamavanna, Kamasuddhi-, 17 Therewere afullthirty
thousandbeautifullyadornedwomen, His wife was named
Virocamana-, his son was named Uttara. 18 After he had
seen the four signs he departed by chariot as the means of
conveyance. The Conqueror strove the striving for not less
than eight n:onths. Kakusandha, leader of the world, great
hero, supreme :lmcmg men, on being requested by Brahma,
turned the wheel in a deer-sanctuary. 20 Vidhura:' and
Safijiva were the chief disciples. Buddhija was the name of
the attendant on Kakusandha, the teacher. 2T Sama and
Campa were the chief women disciples. That Lor d's Tree of
Awakening is said to be the Sirisa. 22 Accuta and Sumana!
were the chief attendants; Nanda and Sunanda were the
chief women attendants. 23 The great sage was forty
ratanas tall. Golden lustre streamed forth for ten" yojanas
all round. 24 This great seer's life-span was forty thousand
years. Living so long he caused many people to cross over.
Having spread out the shop of Daamma? for (the world of)
men and women with the devas, and roaring a lion's roar,
he waned out with the disciples. 26
He(theteacher)whosespeechpossessedeight characteristics.f
1 Be, satthuno, (at) the teacher. 2 TIv Ruci, Suruci, VlI<)~ha ,:,a , the aamc
as it gives for Vceaabhn's palaces. BvAC, 253. Suci, Suruci, Rativad dhana,
T he names given above are taken from Be and llvAB. 3BvAC. 253,
D1\.422,Rocani j Be, HvAV Rocint, .4 :'30 at n-, Be . IVI. i, 233,S.ii. 19r,lYIA.
ii. +17;Vi dhilraat D. ii, 4. DA +t7. Ja./ 42. Someti I:lCS the variant is given.
Safijiva is referred at BvAC. 26.
By Samar.a. "Bv twelve. : C~. the BUd~.a
Gotama's eight shops at IVliln. 33zff.
G iven at M. 11. r40 of the Buddha Gotama's voice or speech.

and the flawlcss (things") have all disappeared for
ever, Are not all constructions void ? Kakusandha,
glorious Conqueror, waned out in Khcmapark. A
glorious thupa to him there was a gavuta high to the
sky.
The Twenty-second Chronicle: that of the Lord Kal usanrlha
XXIV THE TWENTY-THIRD CHRONICLE: THAT OF
THE LORD KO~AGAMANA
1 After Kakusandha was the Self-Awakened One
named Konagarnana-,supremeam ongmen,
Conqueror,eldestin the world", bull of men.
2 When he had fulfilled the ten things" he
overpassed the wilderness". Cleansing away all stains'', he
attained supreme Self-Awakening.
3 When the leader Konagamana was turning the
Wheel there was the first penetration by thirty thousand
4
crores. And when he was working the Marvel? for crushing
the theories of others there was the second pen etration
by twenty thousand crores.
5 Then the Conqueror, after working the changing
(Double)", went to a city of the devas. The Self-Awakened
One stayed there on the ornamental stone".
6 The sage stayed there for the rains teaching the
seven treatises.P The third penetrationwas by ten
thousand crores.
1 According to BvA either moral habits that arc flawless, spotless,
without blem ish (d . l\t i, 3ZZ), orpairsofdisciple. andsoforththatare
flawless. 1 I-Ie is sa.d to have held uposatha once in every year, DhA. iii.
Vin. iii. 7ft. 3 See note to i. 72. 4 B\'A thc ten perfection-things. 5 Or dese
236. See also
rt. of birth . 6 The three stains of attachment and so forth, BvAC. 259. 7
The M arvel of the Double (see next ver.) which he worked at the foot of a
sala-tree at the gataway to the city of Sundara, BvAC. 2S ~ . 8 v:kubbana.
See xxiii. 4. He worked it by psychic potency, BvAC. 259· 9 The
pandukambala silasana was Sakka's seat; it showed signs of warmth
when hi, aid was needed on earth. 10Of theAbhidharmna.Hetaught
hismotherlind otherdevatas, BvAC. 259·
x XIV 23. I( 0 ~ A. GA1\'1AN A
That deva of devas had one gathering only! of
7
steadfast
ones whose cank ers were destroyed, stainless, tranquil in
mind . 8 It was a gathering of thirty thousand monks then
who had overpassed the floods-and were shatterers of
mortality.
9 I at that time 'was a warrior-noble named Pabbata,
Ipossessed
was of friends and counsellors, unending forces
and mounts. P
10 I went to see the Self-Awakenen One and heard the
unsurpassed Dhamma. Tinvited the Order with the
Conqueror and gave a gift to my heart's content."
II I gave theteacherandthedisciplcs5silkfrom
PattlJnna6,silk from China, IGsi silk, woollen cloth too, and
golden sandals as well.
12 As that sage was sitting in the midst of the Order he
too declared of me: " Tn this Hhadda-eon this one will he a
Buddha.
13 Having departed from the delightful city of Kapila .
. ." ". . . face to b ee with this nne"". 'When I had heard his
words too all the more dirl Tincline my
mind.Tresolutelydetermined on furtherpracticeforfulfilling
the ten perfections. Seeking omniscience, giving tJe gift to
the :;llpreme among men, T, having renounced a great kit
gdorn, went forth in the Conqueror's presence.f
16 Sobhavati was the name of the city, Sobha the
name of the warrior-noble. The great clan of the Self-
Awakened One lived there in th e city.
1 Cf. D. ii. 6. 2B\' atikkanta-catur' oghilnam; Be, BvACil oghanam
atikkantanarn: they explainthe floodsas thefourfloodscf scnsc-dcairc and
soforth.
•J Bv, Be, EvAB anantabalavahana; BvAC balavahanam anappakarii,
Vahana IS abeastofburden,aconveyance ormo unt(asHindudeitieshave
avahana,a mount to carry them and on which they ride).
4 BvAC. 26 I takes yadicchakarir as referring to the recipients, so " to their
heart 'scontent".Theaboverendering g:vesbettersense Ithink.
:BvAsaysthismeans"[gavetotheTeacher a, wellastothedisciples." 7
paqunna, perhaps a country: silk from that country.
See II A. 6'1-75. . 8 Bv tassa santike as noticed at Be which. with
BvACB, reads jinasantike.
 xXV ~ 4. KASSAPA
17 And the Buddha's father was the brahman Yafifiadatta. 28 His people", great in grace-, (and he) making known
.ttarji was the name of the mother of Koniigamana, the the Dhamma of splcndour-', have all disappeared, Are not
teacher. IS He lived the household life for three thousand 311 construction::: void? K01)agamflna, Self-Awakened
years. The three superb palaces were T usita, Santusita, One, waned out in Pabhatapark. His relics were dispersed in
Santuttha. a number of regions.
19 There were a full sixteen thousand beautifully
adorned women, His wife was named Rucigatta.! his son The Twenty-third Chronicle: that of the Lord Konagamana
was named Satthavaha .
20 After he had seen the four signs he departed
mounted on an elephant. The supreme among men XXV THE TWENTY-FOURTH CHRONICLE: THAT
engaged in striving for six months. OF THE LORD KASSAPA
21 Konfigamana, leader, great hero, supreme among
men, on l::eing requested by Brahrna turned the Wheel in a I After Konagamana was the Self-Awakened One
deersanctuary. named Kassapa", supreme among men, king under
22 Bhiyyasa-and Uttara were the chief disciples. Sotthija Dhamma, bringer of lustre.
was the name of the attendant on Konagamana, the 2 Cast aside -was his family fortune; giving away in
teacher, 2 3 Samuddii and Uttara were the chief women charity to supplicants much food, (both) beverages and
disciples. T hat Lord's Tree of Awakening is said to be the soft food, and fulfilling his purpose, (he went forth) like a
bull breaking down its tethering-post and attained
Sarna were the2+
Udurnbara. Ugga
chief and attendants.
women Sornadcva were theBuddha
25 That chief
supreme
3 Self-Awakening.
When Kassapa, leader of the world, was turning the
was thirty cubits inattendants; SivaHi
height. As a and a smelting-pot was
circlet-in Wheel of Dhamma there was the first penetration by
hethusembellished with n.ys. 26 The Buddha's life-sparr twenty thousand crores. 4 When for four months the
(then) was thirty thousand years", Living so long he caused Buddha was walking on tour in the world there was the
many people to cross over. second penetration by ten thousand crores.
27 Having raised up the archway of Dhamma
-decorated with the streamer of Dhamrnav, having made a 5 When he had worked the changing Double" 2.nd
cluster of the flowers of Dharnma", he waned out with the had proclaimed the element of knowledge7 there was the
disciples. third penetration by five thousand crores.
Rucaggatti at DA. 422. 2 Bhiyyoso at Bv; Bhiyasa at BvAC. 259;
I
6 He expounded Dharnma" there in the Sudhamma
Bhiyyaso at BvAC. 261; Bhiyyosa atD.ii.4(with v. 1.Bhiyosa),S.ii.191,
(Hall) in a delightful deva-city; the Conqueror awakened
Ja. i.43, DA.4'7. , kambu, circlet or bracelet.
three thousand crores of devas,
Bv ii}u Buddhassa tavadc, where tavade seems to have crept in by
L

error from the cornmentarial reading ayu vij'ati tavade, the (normal) 1 His disciples; R','A. 2 ll"A says attained to the grace,
life-span lasted then. See Intr, p. xxxiii, vilasa
3" of psychic
J. . potency.
j dharnm uccti, Ceriya m eans p r-imarily a cairn, a heap ; it r.;In al so mean a siridhamma, Bv:\.explainsasthesupermundane things,lokuttaradhamma.
shrine. 'Heap' comes from words which come from an Indo-European base 4 Mentioned a: Ie-IA. 2°3, PvA. 21 inextensionofthestorygiventhere
meaningtotend,arch, vault. An arch,orarchway, thatby whichone enters in,
about the Buddha Phussa, DhA. iii. 236 says he held uposatha once in
isnot unsuitablehere,though ofcourse ccriyacomprises o therclasses ofmonu-
mentbca.dccarchway,IlvAC, 262says thecetiya here convixts of the 37things helpful 5 G' six months. See also Vin. iii. ,ff.
every
6 ••wen away, not sQ~ ar.d e red. \ Ikubbana, a psychic phenomenon,
to Awakening.
called at DvAC. 265 the Marvel of the Doubk Cf. xxiii, 4. xxiv, 5. : n aI;1
Sdharnmadussa. Dussa is material, woven HuE, so streamer. B 'n\ calls adhatu, om~i,e icn t knowledge accordir.g to n"AC. ;:65.
it the banner0: thefcurtruething•. Cf.xxv, 44. 7 dhorn m ep upphagu]a, Abhidhamma, S3 BvAC. :<65.
 CH RON1C LEOF B"CDD 1-1AS XXV Z4. KAS S APA 91

7 Later, at a teaching of Dharnma to the yakkha Naradeval, Being one who pnt forth t>nergy, proficient in all the
the penetrations by these are incalculable by computation. S observances, I fell ::Jway in none-; T fulfilled the
That dcva of dcvas had one gathering only of steadfast ones Cnnqueror's Dispensation. Having learnt thoroughly all the
whose cankers were destroyed, stainless, tranquil in mind. ninefold
IS teacher Dispensation
::JR far as it had been of the by the Bu ddha, I illumined the
uttered
9 It was a gathering of twenty thousand monks then of Conqueror's Dispensation. 16 When he had seen the wonder of mine-that
steadfast ones 'who, by modesty and morality, had Buddha too declared: "In this Bhadda-eon this one will be a Buddha. Having
overpassed those who still had attachment.
departed from the delightful city of Kapila, having striven the striving and
carried out austerities, he would becomeaTathagata... ...3 18 After sitting
10 I was then the brahman youth Jotipala2, a famous at therootoftheAjapalatree and accepting some milk-rice there
repeater, expert in the mantras, master of the three Vedas, theTathagata will cometo the Nerafijara, When he has partaken of the
1I I had reached perfection in (the science of) the M arks, milk-rice on the bank of the Nerafijara, he will go to the root of the Tree of
in th e legendary tradition and the obligatory duties (of a Awakening hy the glorious way prepared. 20 Then. having circumambulated
brahman). I was skilled in the (signs of) earth and sky, a the dais of the Tree of Awakening, the supreme among men, in the cross-
sorcerer-', experienced". legged position for supreme Awakening in the invincible seat. 21 sitting
12 Ghatikiira was the name of the Lord Kassapa's cross-legged, he of great renown will awaken. His genetrix and mother will
attendant; respectful, deferential-, he waned out in the third be nan:ed Maya. his father Suddhodana; he will be named Gotama. 22
13 Cbatikfira, taking me with him, approached Kassapa,
fruition." Cankerlcss, attachments gone. tranquil in mind, concentrated, Kolita and
the Conqueror. When I had heard his Dhan:ma I went forth in Upatissa will be the chiefdisciples.
his presence.
IC:. xxiii. 5. BvA r.arrates of this Naradeva that he was able to assume
the voice and form ofthe kingotwhatever region hewasin:thenhe would
eatthe king. gain the kingdom and the women's quarters. He was an
insatiable eater of flP5h ann a scoundrel with women. Hut the clever women
who remained discovered that he was not their king, but a non-human
being. So, even though feelingashamed, heate these womentooand
wentofftoanother cityand repeated lito process. And .0 it was that he used to 23 Ananda is the name of the attendant who wi1attend
feed on human beings. But, at last. whenhe carneto the cityofSunanda all on that Conqueror. Khemaand Uppalavanna will bethe
thepeop.eranaway. AndKassapa confronted the yakkha. Find ing that the
Buddha was not frightened of him, he asked him a question instead (B\'A
chiefwomen disciples,
does not say what the question was), was l<1111<,e and went to the I.ord for cankerless, tranquil in mind, attachments gone,
2 Bv, Be, RvAB read aharn tacamiinavo jotipalo; BvAC aham tena
refuge. concentrated. ThatLord's Tree ofAwakeningwill
samayena jotipdlo. Story of Ghatikiira and Jo:ipiila occurs at Mhvu i. 317. Sec
Kvu iv, 8 for controversy whether the Bodhisatta was a disciple of Kassapa and becalledthe Assattha. Citta and Hatthalavaka will be the
entered 011 tl re path of as surar.cc and fared the Brnhma-faring during his chief attendants; Nandamata and Uttara will be the chief
dispensation. See also, for fuller discussion, N. Dutt, Buddhist Sects in India, 26 When!
women they
attendants."
had heard these words of the great seer who
p.
Calcutta 82ff., r roff, a katavijja could also mean "onc who has acquired
1970,
knowledge, is scientific, was without an equal, men and deities, rejoicing,
aphilosopher";one whohaslaidu?lore (charmsandspcl.s). 4 Cf. ver. 10. I I with II thought, ,;Sprout of the Buddha-seed is this."
A. 6. sJotipala, on the other hand, referred to the Buddha Kassapa as "
1.T l:is refers, according :0 BvAC. 267, to moral habits, concentration and
little
shaveling recluse" (M, Sta. 81). This indiscretion led Gotarna when he was the attulnm.ents. ~ 1e fell away innone ofthese in
the Ilodhisatta in hi" laat life to huve to spend as many a six years in whateverplacehewasperfonning m~:las t1c duties, vatta, for which see
performing austerities before he gained supreme Awakening. See Ap, 30 1, BvAC. s.
RD. v., Index 267 "my right practice-s-an astonishing marvel not shared with
v, observance,
etc. Other Buddhasspentat nos:tenmonthsin carrying out austerities,and others ". a
someofthem only a few weeks. B '.
4 ,v, grvmg... pe...hererefersusto iv, 13. Butbetterto cf.with 1IA. 62ff. For
" Cf. ]\'1. ii. 5:1.whereheisineffectspokenofasanon-returner. ver, 26-30 see II A. 71-75.
 CHRONl CLE OF Bl.."D DHA S
The sounds of acclamation went on; (inhabitants of the)
ten thousand (worlds) with the devas clapped their
hands, laughed, and paid homage with clasped hands.
28 (Saying) " If we should fail of the Dispensation of this
protectoroftheworld, inthedistantfuturewewillbefacetoface
with this one. As men crossing a river but, failing of the ford
to the bank opposite, taking a ford lower down cross over
the great river, even so, all of us , if we miss (the words of)
this Conqueror, in the distant future will be face to face with
this one." When I had heard his words all the more did I
incline my mind. I resolutely determined on further practice
for fulfilling the ten perfections. Thus I, faring on (in
sarhsdra), avoiding wrong conduetl, engaged in austerities
for the sake of my Awakening itself.2
BaraQasi wasThe
33 warrior-noble. the great
nameclan of the
of city, Kiki the name
the Awakened
there in the city. And the Buddha's father was the brahman
Brahmadatta.
34
Dhanavati was the name of the mother of Kassapa, the
great seer. 35 Helived thehouseholdlifefor
twothousandyears.The three superb palaces were Harnsa,
Yasa, Sirinanda.
36 There were forty-eight thousand beautifully adorned
women. His wife was named Sunanda, his son was named
Vijitasena. 37 After he had seen the four signs he departed
supreme among men engaged in strivingby forpalace.
38 Kassapa, leader of the world, great hero, supreme
:lmong men, on being requested by Brahma turned the
Wheel in a deersanctuary.
39 T'issa and Bhiiradvjija were the chief disciples.
Sabbamitta was the attendant on Kassapa, the great seer.
40 Anulii and Uruvcla were the chief women disciples. That
Lord's TreeofAwakeningissaidto bethe Nigrodha. 4 I
Surnangala and Ghatikara were the chief attendants; Viji-
tasenii and Bhadda were the chief wom en attendants. 42
ThatBuddhawastwentyratanasinheight.Hewaslikeastreak
oflightning, like the moon encircled hy celestial bodies.
1 S"e note to ver, ra. 2 cr. xxii. 14 .
xxv :;q. KASSA PA
+3This great seer's life-span was twenty thousand years. Living
so long he caused many people to cross over. Having
created the pond of Dharnma, given moral habit as a
perfumed ointment, having dressed in the streamer of
Dhnmmal, he arranged the chaplet of Dhamma.P When
+5 he had placed the stainless mirror of Damrna before
thepopulace.'hesaid, "Letthosewishingfornibbanasee
my ornament." Giving the armour of moral habit,
wcaring the coat of mail of the meditations, having put
on the hide of Dharnma! and given the supreme
armature.! having given the shield of mindfulness, the
+7 sharp lance of
knowledge, having given the glorio1Js sword of
Dhamma (and) moral habit for crush ing (wrong)
association", having given the ornament of the
threefold knowledge. the four fruitions as a garland for
One of the
lived the forehead, having given the decoration of the six
snper-knowings, the flowers of Dhamrna worn on one's
+9 person7, having given the white sunshade of True
Dharnma
warding offforevil, having created a flower of no-fear", he
waned out with the disciples.
50 And this fully Self-Awakened One, immeasurable,
difficult to attack, and this jewel of Dharnma, well-taught, a
comeand-see thing, and this jewel of the Order, faring
along rightly, unsurpassed, have a1 ciisapreared. Are not
allconstructions void? Kassapa, great C:on (p J(~ ror, teacher,
waned out in Setavyiipark. A Conqueror's thiipa to him
seven The
days. there was high to the height of a yojann.
The Twenty-fourth Chronicle: that of the Lord Kassapa
1Conscience and shame, BvAC. 269. Cf. xxiv. 27. 2 dhamnarnala. TIn"
37 l lljl:g~ helpful lo Awakening; ef. xxiv. 27. 3 So that the populace could
reAp.ct on hlamahle, blameless, skilled and un
skilled things and perhaps gain stream-entry, BvAC. 26<).
•Mindfulness and clear consciousness, BvAC. 269.
.'. Energy possessed of the four supreme factors, DvAC. Z69 . T'h.s caturafiga-
vm ya refers . according to MA . iii. 194. to the phrase kamarn taco ca
nharu ca atthicaavasissarnmarnsalohitafiea upasussatu;secM. i. 481.
•Withtheder.lcments.
S_ii. 28,A. i, 50. ;The ninesupermundane states.
8 The flower i. the eightfold way leading to the city of fcarlcsancss (or r.o-
fear).
 XXVI THE TWENTY-FIFTH CHRONICLE: THAT OF
THE LORD GOTAMA

I at the present time am the Buddha Cotama, one who

at!vauces the glory of the Sakyans1. When I had striven
the striving I attained supreme Self-Awakening.
z Oil being requested by Brahma I turned the \Vheel
of Dlianuna. The first penetration was by eighteen crores.
:3 And subsequently when I was teaching in a
gathering of men aud deities! there ...vas the second
pcnctration-', not to be told 1Jy number.
4 H ere, at the present time, when I myself exhorted -my
son the re was the third penetration, not to be told by
number. S I had only one asse mbly" of disciples, great
gathering of onethousand seers; it was
two a
hundred and fifty monks. 6
Shining, stair.less, in the midst of the Order, like the jewel
granting all desires" I give everything that is aspi red
7
after'. Tvthoselongingfor fruition,tothoseseekingtoget
ridofthe craving [or becoming I expounds the four truths
out of compassion for breathing things.
8 There was penetration of Dhamma by tens and
twenties or thousands, Penetration by ones and twos was
incalculable by computation,
() Tilt well-purified Dispensation of mine: of the sage
of the Sakyans, is widely famed here among the populace;
it is successful, prosperous, blossoming wcll.?
10 Countless hundreds of monks ...vithout cankers,
attachments guue, tranquil in mind, concentrated, all
constantly surround rue,

I Sakyavaddhanowhere vaddhano is. promoter'.'furtherer'ofthe Sakyan clan

(Sakiyakula, so BvAC. 2')2). The idea is "one who brings glory to",
causing growth to.
o Bv desento naradcvasamagamu; Be. BvAV desente naradcvatasarniigomc;
ByAC desentc naramcrtmam sarnfigarne. J TheCorny.wantsto putthisar.dthe
thirdpenetration intothe future. 4 BvAC. 29 2 uses the future tense,
ovadissami. See preceding note. s cr. xxiii. 6. xxiv, ] , xxv. R. 6 mar;>i va
Pl.ue VIII ~agay6nCorridor Cotarna and Ajira.
s..bbakarnado, thf' " wish-conferring gem ". 7 The bliss of what is worldly
and transcendental-probably referring to the

ways, the fruits and nibbiina,

• Be, llvACll read pak:b<:llli for Dv's -seai. 0 Cf. ll B. 203.
 xxx V I z. 5. GOT A1\1A

Il
Despised by the wise are those monks, initiates,
who nnw at the present time depart this life as human
beings without having attained their purpose'.
12 The people who, praising the direct ariyan Way,
always deligh ting in Dhamma, mindful, are men who will
awakento the stream of samsira''. My city is Kapilavatthu,
King SudJhodana is my father, my genetrix and mother is
known as Queen Maya. I lived the household life for
twenty-nine years. The three superb palaces were Ramma,
Suramma, Subhaka',
T , T here were forty thousand beautifully adorned
women. Bhaddakacca' was the name of my wife, Rahula
the name of my son.
16 AfterI had seen the four signs I departed on
horseback", For six years I engaged in striving, difficult to
17
do. T he 'Wheel was turned by me in the seers' resort
near B1iraI).3si. I, Gotama the Self-Awakened One, am the
refuge for all breathing things.
IS The two monks, Kolita and Upatissa, are the chief
disciples. Anandais thenameof the att
endantattendingclosely uponme. The nuns Kherna and
Uppalavannii are the chief women disciples. Citta anc
Nandarnata
Hatthiilavaka
20 and
arc the Uttarfi
chief are the chief laywomen att
lay attendants.
endants. I attained supreme Self-Awakening at the root of
an Assattha,
21 The lustre of my fathom-deep halo always rises
sixteen cubits high. _.ow at the present time the (normal)
life-span is a brief hundred years.
22 Living so long I am causing many people to cross
over, having established the torch of Dhamma 7 (and) the
awakening of the people who come after.
1 Arahantship; cf. II B, 205. 2bujjhissanti,will
penetrate thefourtrue things
inthefuture,ByAC.293. By reads sarii sarasarita n~r~ ; D(' -siirirnrn gata.
3
BvAC. 293 explains as sam
sarasaritam andglosses sarita by sagara,ocean. 4 Bv Rama Surarna
Subhata, llvAC has v. I. Sucandaka Kckanada Koiieaya; and Jkm. 27 reads
Canda Kukalluua Konca,
5 Bv Bhaddakaccii; He, RvAH, Jkl11, 27 Bh~ddalmcciin ii and ]km. also Ri
hulamata;ll'/AC.2\)3f.Yasodharawhich B\'ABalsocallsherinthe proseafter
theverse. SeeVPPN.s.v. Riihulamfltd; E.J.Thomas, Lifeoflluddha, pp.+9f.,
59: lit. Lamotte, Lc Traire de la Giau.Ie Vt:I'Lu de Sagcsse, II, IUU1.
• The horse's name was Kanthaka. 7 As
carried by the Buddha Mangula, iv, i, 30.
But I, in no long time, together with the Order of disciples,

will wane out entirely here like a fire on the consumption of

the fuel.
2+
And th ose of unrivalled in candescence', and these ten powers

and thi s body with the glorious special qualities! overspread

with the thirty-two M arks3 -

25
they, havin g illumined the t en quarters", will disappear like

him of the
hundred
rr-ys
with sixfold lustre.
Are
not
all

constructions void ?