Experiment No : 01

Name of the Experiment :

Observation of a color TV trainer.
Objectives :
Objectives of this experiments are-
1. To gain detail knowledge about the color TV trainer.
2. To observe the faults of a color TV trainer and the effects of faults on the TV trainer.
3. To gain the knowledge about the components which are affected due to a certain fault.
4. To know the procedure of removing the faults and take back the color TV to it’s stable
state.

Theory :
The color TV trainer which has been used in our laboratory is the product of DE
LORENZ group and the model of the color TV trainer is ‘ DL 2402 colour TV trainer ’ . The
color TV trainer includes the block diagram of the whole color TV system. The part of the
diagrams are microprocessor unit, RF stage, keyboard unit, fault simulator unit etc.
Microprocessor unit is the controlling unit of all the functions. Fault simulator unit is actually
the main attraction of this experiment which deals with different faults and immediately we
will be able to observe the effect of faults on the color TV trainer system. There are 20 buttons
on the fault simulator unit and each button deals with a certain fault. That means here 20 types
of faults are possible. In our laboratory we had to deal with these 20 types of faults. The reasons
of each fault had been known from the laboratory manual of DE LORENZ group. The faults
may occur due to the damage of electronic components like IC, resistors etc. From the
laboratory manual we came to know about the particular IC or resistors, damage of which cause
the respective faults. So in practical whenever any faults occur in a color TV system firstly we
need to pay attention to the symptoms which are observed and then detect the location of fault.
If we can do this then we can easily remove the fault by repairing the damaged electronic
components and take back the TV to the stable state.

Now all the 20 types of faults with their locations, affected components due to
faults, severity of the faults and observation of the effects of faults are briefly described below-
Fault no 01 :
Location : Remote control
Level : Simple
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G1 of the fault simulator was pressed this fault was observed. The
remote controller unit was affected due to this fault. The picture & sound quality was not
affected and also the keyboard unit of the TV trainer was working properly but we couldn’t
perform any operation by the remote control of the TV. Whenever this type of condition
appears we should check whether the battery i.e. the power supply of remote is damaged or
not. If the battery and the remote controller is ok then we should pay attention to the
microprocessor unit of the of the TV. This means that the signal from remote is transmitting
but the remote signal receiver is not working. The possible reasons which may be responsible
for the ineffective operation of the remote signal receiver are listed below-

1. IC84501 broken down and giving a low output level

2. CR84501 interrupted, thus unpowering IC84501
3. CC84501 shorted, so that the whole +H voltage drops on R84501
4. R80012 interrupted
5. C81008 shorted

So after checking the remote controller itself we should check the above listed components
successively to determine the actual reason of the fault and after locating the fault we can
proceed further to eliminate it.

Fault no 02 :
Location : Key-board operation
Level : Simple
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G2 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. The key-board unit was affected due to this fault. The picture & sound quality was
not affected and also the remote controller unit of the TV trainer was working properly but we
couldn’t perform any operation by the keyboard unit of the TV. We know that the TV may be
operated manually using the keyboard of the TV. So if the keyboard section of the TV is not
working then we should realise that the key-board unit has been affected. To cope up with this
fault we should have to check the following steps to wnow what is the reason of this type of
fault –

1. PCB line accidentally shorted to +5V

 2. Stuck P+ key

To eliminate the faulty condition of the keyboard section of the TV we should deal with the
above two problems and repair the fault.

Fault no 03 :
Location : Reset of microcontroller
Level : Medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G3 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault
was observed. We observed that the display of the TV was fully black. But the power was
supplied properly as the power supply indicator LED was on. Also the sound was not heard
and the remote controller was not working. So if we come across this type of problem we will
have to concentrate on the following reasons which are responsible for this –

1. IC80500 faulty and permanently delivering a low level

2. CC80502 shorted and keeping a constant low reset
3. CR80501 interrupted
4. CR80503 interrupted

The fault may occur due to any of the above reasonsso we should check the listed components
and find out the faulty one to sort out the fault.

Fault no 04 :
Location : Audio
Level : Medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G4 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. Due to this fault the sound system of the TV was not working. The keyboard section
or remote controller was efficiently working but we couldn’t hear any sound signal even if the
volume was raised fully. This means the audio section of the TV has been affected and we
should pay attention only to this particular section to eliminate this fault. The probable causes
of this faults are-
 1. CC81023 shorted
2. CR81019 interrupted
3. IC81500 faulty

We need to check the IC’s related to this fault and replace the faulty item with a new one.

Fault no 05 :
Location : On-screen display
Level : Simple to medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G5 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. We observed that the display of the TV was fully black. But the power was supplied
properly as the power supply indicator LED was on. Also the sound was heard and the remote
controller was working. Each unit is working but the problem is the display is fully dark. So if
we come across this type of problem we will have to concentrate on the following reasons
which are responsible for this –

1. R81054 interrupted
2. IC81500 faulty, applying a permanently low level to the line
3. An accidental short to ground may exist on the PCB path from r*1055 to pin 37 of the
IC34015
We should check the above devices of the microcontroller unit and detect the faulty one to
eliminate this type of fault.

Fault no 06 :
Location : On-screen display
Level : Simple to medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G6 causes this fault. A normally open contact
of the fault simulator grounds the B OSD line of the microcontroller. The result is that the blue
component of the OSD message is missing. This fault causes the display to appear with wrong
color i.e. the color will be mismatched with the original signal. The components which are
responsible for this fault are –

1. IC81500 faulty
 2. IC34015 faulty
3. An accidental short to ground may exist on the PCB path from IC81500 to pin 34 of
the IC34015

When G6 was pressed the faulty color signals should be appeared on the screen but
unfortunately no change was observed. This refers to the internal problem of the fault
simulator.

Fault no 07 :
Location : On-screen display
Level : Simple to medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G7 causes this fault. A normally open contact
of the fault simulator grounds the G OSD line of the microcontroller. The result is that the
green component of the OSD message is missing. This fault causes the display to appear with
wrong color i.e. the color will be mismatched with the original signal. The components which
are responsible for this fault are –

1. IC81500 faulty
2. IC34015 faulty
3. An accidental short to ground may exist on the PCB path from IC81500 to pin 35 of the
IC34015.

When G7 was pressed the faulty color signals should be appeared on the screen but
unfortunately no change was observed. This refers to the internal problem of the fault
simulator.

Fault no 08 :
Location : RGB stage
Level : Medium to fifficult
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G8 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. The effect of this type of fault is seen on the display. Original received signal by the
TV will not be appeared on the screen. Luminious signal will be seen on the display.
Components responsible for this fault are –

1. CR34088 interrupted
2. CT34085 short-circuited
3. IC34015 faulty

So whenever this type of symptoms appear we should check the above components.

Fault no 09 :
Location : On-screen display
Level : Simple to medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G7 causes this fault. The effect of this fault
appears on the display. Due to this fault the OSD messages is missed. Components responsible
for this fault are –

1. IC81500 faulty
2. R81081 interrupted
3. CC81081 shorted
4. IC34015 faulty

When G9 was pressed the faulty signals should be appeared on the screen but unfortunately no
change was observed. This refers to the internal problem of the fault simulator.
Fault no 10 :
Location : On-screen display
Level : Simple to medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G10 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. The audio signal was heard but there was no proper picture signal. The screen wasn’t
fully dark. There was a light luminious on the screen. These symptoms are appeared if there is
any fault in the tuner circuit. So we should check the tuner circuit in case of this condition.
Components of tuner circuits which may be faulty are listed below –

1. IC81500 faulty
2. R81080 interrupted
3. R46003 interrupted
4. CC81080 shorted
5. IC34015 faulty

We need to check the IC’s and resistors related to this fault and replace the faulty item with a
new one.

Fault no 11 :
Location : Tuner
Level : Medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G11 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. The picture signal was seen but there was no audio signal. Problem in tuner circuit
causes this type of fault. So if this situation occurs we should check the following conditions
of the tuner circuit –

1. IC81500 faulty
2. CC31051 short-circuited
3. CR31051 interrupted
4. TUNER faulty

We need to check the above components to find out the cause of fault.
Fault no 12 :
Location : Tuner
Level : Medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G12 causes this fault. Fault in CPU is the reason
of this. The serial bus is affected due to this fault. Components on the tuner circuit which are
responsible for this fault are –

1. IC81500 faulty
2. CC31052 short-circuited
3. CR31052 interrupted
4. TUNER faulty

When G12 was pressed the faulty signals should be appeared on the screen but unfortunately
no change was observed. This refers to the internal problem of the fault simulator.

Fault no 13 :
Location : Tuner
Level : Medium to difficult
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G13 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. Audio signals, remote controller, keyboard unit nothing are not affected due to this
fault. The main effect is observed on the screen. The display of picture signal is shifted to right
side almost about 1 inch. This problem is observed due to fault in tuner circuit and the
responsible components are –

1. R31048 interrupted
2. R31047 interrupted
3. CC31048 shorted
4. CC31046 shorted
5. CC31047 shorted
6. IC34015 partially faulty
7. TUNER faulty
We need to check the IC’s and resistors related to this fault and replace the faulty item with a
new one to mitigate the fault.

Fault no 14:
Location : CPU
Level : Medium to difficult
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G14 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed this fault was
observed. When the fault was inserted the sound and picture quality dropped. The color
appeared on the screen wasn’t like the original signal. Microprocessor unit is responsible for
this type of fault so we should check the following conditions to find out the faulty section –

1. C34037 shorted
2. CC34036 shorted
3. IC3015 partially faulty

We need to check the IC’s and resistors related to this fault and replace the faulty item with a
new one to mitigate the fault.

Fault no 15:
Location : IF stage
Level : Medium to difficult
Observation of the effects & solution :
When the button G15 of the fault simulator keyboard was pressed
this fault was observed. The picture signal was seen but there was no audio signal. Problem in
intermediate frequency stage causes this type of fault. So if this situation occurs we should
check the following conditions of the IF stage –

1. CC33016 shorted
2. IC34015 partially faulty
3. TUNER faulty
We should check the above devices of the IF stage and detect the faulty one to eliminate this
type of fault.

Fault no 16:
Location : IF stage
Level : Medium to difficult
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G16 causes this fault. Due to this fault the
composite video and sound signal (BB) cannot pass from the IF amplifier stage to the
sound/video separator. When the fault is inserted the TV screen remains dark and no sound is
heard due to lack of the BB information. The components assumable as a correct response for
troubleshooting are –

1. IC34015 faulty

Unfortunately when the button G16 was pressed no change was observed on the TV trainer
system. This means the function related with the G16 button is not working.

Fault no 17:
Location : IF stage
Level : Medium to difficult
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G17 causes this fault. Actually when this fault
occurs the picture produced on the TV screen appears to be of poor quality and out of sync.
But in our laboratory the actual symptoms were not observed due to pressing G17. Here original
received signal by the TV was not appeared on the screen. Luminious signal was seen on the
display. Components responsible for this fault are –

1. IC34015 faulty
2. CC52269
This fault occurs on the IF stage so to eliminate this fault we should check the components of
IF stage listed above.

Fault no 18:
Location : RGB stage
Level : Medium to complex
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G18 causes this fault. When the fault is inserted
the TV screen remains dark due to lack of video information. The components assumable as a
correct response for troubleshooting are –

1. C34061 interrupted
2. IC34015 faulty

Unfortunately when the button G18 was pressed no change was observed on the TV trainer
system. This means the function related with the G18 button is not working.

Fault no 19:
Location : Picture control
Level : Medium
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G19 causes this fault. Actually when this fault
occurs the picture produced on the TV screen appears to be of poor quality. When the fault is
inserted the lack of the SW feedback causes the image produced by the CRT to become very
light and missing contrast. The components assumable as a correct response for troubleshooting
are –

1. CR777 interrupted
2. C781 shorted
3. IC34015 partially faulty
Unfortunately when the button G19 was pressed change which was observed on the TV trainer
system was not similar to the described symptoms. In our laboratory we heard the audio signals
but the screen was fully dark. This means the function related with the G19 button is not
working properly.

Fault no 20:
Location : Audio amplifier
Level : Simple
Observation of the effects & solution :
Fault simulator Keyboard button G20 causes this fault. Whenever G20 is pressed
there shouldn’t be any audio signal on the system but here in our laboratory we didn’t pbserve
any change on the system after pressing G20. This means the function related with the G20
button is not working properly. Device responsible for this fault is –

1. Loudspeaker

Loudspeaker won’t function due to this fault.

Discussion :
All the buttons of fault simulator keyboard were pressed to observe different types
of faults appear on our TV sets in our day to day life. 20 types of different faults had been
observed in the laboratory. Reasons of the faults, location of the faults, components which may
be affected due to any particular fault have been discussed here. So to eliminate any kind of
faults on our TV sets we should follow the above instructions as the remedy of each fault are
also given here. The DL 2402 colour TV trainer should work for all the fault simulators but in
our laboratory some of the buttons were pressed but no change was observerd. Also in some
cases changes appeared on the system but the changes were not same as those should be. So
we can say that functions related with some buttons of fault simulator keyboard were not
working properly. But some of the buttons were working properly so in our laboratory we
gained knowledge about the faults and the procedures of eliminating those faults.