Final Masters Portfolio (Anchal, Nabila and Juli)

MASS CUSTOMIZED ENVELOPE
Control and Change in The Rise of Lateral Power
Student:
Anchal Ganesh Shamanur
Nabila Afif
Zhu Lin
RC18
B-Pro MArch Urban Design
Bartlett School of Architecture
University College London
2016-2017
B-Pro Urban Design | 2016-2017
Portfolio
Bartlett School of Architecture

University College Laondon
London, United Kingdom
Design Tutors:
Enriqueta Llabres-Valls
Zachary Fluker
Submitted by:
Anchal Ganesh Shamanur

Nabila Afif
Zhu Lin
September 2017
“Today’s reality is a powerful collision of
physical and digital that augments both
– a triumph of atoms and bits.”
Ratti, C. and Claudel, M. (2016)
The City of Tomorrow: Sensors, Networks, Hackers and the future of Urban Life
I II
ABSTRACT
This project tries to rethink building envelope from a static entity into a dynamic
and negotiable boundary in the city, with the concept of materializing urban ne-
gotiation in the modern day. Through the utilization technology and digital net-
work to process urban data, the project is an attempt to bridge the gap between
digital and physical world that centres around the daily interaction of the cities
dwellers and their surroundings. In the process, digital fabrication is introduced to
control and change the building envelope to a certain extend with the negotiation
scheme, which involves people from public sphere, private sphere and environment.
III
III IV
[ 03- 16 ] [ 03- 16 ] [ 17 - 30] [ 17 - 30] [ 31 - 58 ] [ 31 - 58 ] [ 59 - 104 ] [ 59 - 104 ] [ 105 - 128] [ 105 - 128] [ 129 - 140 ] [ 129 - 140 ]
NEGOTIATING BOUNDARY:
NEGOTIATING BOUNDARY: URBAN NEGOTIATION:
URBAN NEGOTIATION: SPACE OF FLOW:
SPACE OF FLOW: NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE:
NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE: NEGOTIATING NATURE:
NEGOTIATING NATURE: FUTUREMAKING:
FUTUREMAKING:
BUILDING
BUILDING ENVELOPE ENVELOPE AS
AS A NEGOTIABLE A NEGOTIABLE BOUNDARY
BOUNDARY VISUALIZING
VISUALIZING DYNAMICS IN THEDYNAMICS
CITY IN THE CITY IN AND
IN THE ERA OF BITS THE ERA OF BITS AND ATOMS
ATOMS FABRICATING
FABRICATING CYBERNETIC CYBERNETIC SPACE
SPACE THE LOGIC OF THETHE LOGIC OF THE ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT URBAN
URBAN HACKING BY HACKING
CYBORG BY CYBORG SOCIETY
SOCIETY
Urban Envelope
Urban Envelope 05 05 The
The Three Body Three Body
Problem 19 Problem 19
Fabricating Fabricating
59 59
Modern
Modern Cyborg SocietyCyborg
33 Society 33
Cybernetic Space
Cybernetic Space
Comparison
Comparison Study Study
Theory
Theory
City of
City of Network 39 Network 39
Fabrication
Fabrication Evolution 61 Evolution EnvironmentalEnvironmental Material Material
Control and
Control and Change 07 Change 07 Negotiation
Negotiation Logic 21 Logic 21 61 107 107 115 115
Behaviour Behaviour Intellegence Intellegence
The Rise
The Rise of Lateral of Lateral
Power 45 Power 45 Hacking the Hacking63the 63 Interactive
Interactive Model #1 131 Model #1 131
Hacking the Hacking
09 the 09 Sewing Machine
Sewing Machine
Sewing
Sewing Machine #1 Machine #1
Physical
Physical
Material
Material Rotation 117 Rotation
Interactive Interactive
117 Model #2 133 Model #2 133
Old Street
Old Street Physical UrbanPhysical
Data Urban
49 Data 49 Fabrication
Fabrication Machine #1 67 Machine #1 67 Machine
Fabrication Fabrication Sensing
#2 85 Machine Sensing
#2 85Machine Machine #1 109
#1 109
System System
Dynamic Dynamic
13 13 Interactive 23Interactive 23
Envelope Model
Envelope Model Negotiation Model
Negotiation Model Crafting Intellegency
Crafting Intellegency 73 Locking
Locking73System 99 System 99 Urban Negotiation
Urban Negotiation 135 135
Model Model
Self101
Self Supporting Supporting 101
Structure Structure The Flower
The Flower Garden Sun Light HourSun 121
111 Garden 111
Light Hour 121
Digital
Digital
Digital Negotiation
Digital Negotiation 25 25 Old Urban
Old Street Digital Street Data
Digital Urban
53 Data 53 Simulation Simulation
Simulation Simulation
Hardware
Hardware
Fibonacci
Fibonacci Number ModelNumber Model Portable 3D Printer
Portable 3D Printer Portable 3D Printer
Portable 3D Printer Fibonacci
Fibonacci Number ModelNumber Model Fibonacci
Fibonacci Number ModelNumber Model
Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino Arduino
Light Sensor Light Sensor Servo Motor Servo Motor Servo Motor Servo Motor Light Sensor Light Sensor Light Sensor Light Sensor
Sewing MachineSewing Machine
Sewing MachineSewing Machine Servo Motor Servo Motor
Software
Software
Rhino Rhino Unity with APIUnity with API Protocol

Protocol Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino Rhino
Grasshopper Grasshopper UrbanPlatform
Urban Data Online Data Online Platform Grasshopper Grasshopper Grasshopper Grasshopper Grasshopper Grasshopper Grasshopper GrasshopperGrasshopper Grasshopper
Kangaroo Kangaroo Pointool Pointool Kangaroo Kangaroo Ecotech Ecotech Kangaroo Kangaroo
Transform Transform Transform Transform Transform Transform
Firefly Firefly Firefly Firefly Firefly Firefly
Honeybee Honeybee Honeybee Honeybee
Control and Change

Control and Change Living
Living in the Era in the
of the BitsEra of Atoms
and the Bits and Atoms Control and Change
Control and Change
v vi
01 02
I. NEGOTIATING BOUNDARY BUILDING ENVELOPE AS A NEGOTIABLE BOUNDARY
I.
NEGOTIATING BOUNDARY:
BUILDING ENVELOPE AS A NEGOTIABLE BOUNDARY
The rapid development in technology and media has changed the functionality of
the world. Together with the discovery of mass media system and the exploration on
the potential of internet, our physical world could no longer be separated from its
digital features. In the immersive scale, our thriving connection with the internet has
bought us to the point where space and time boundaries between people decline
dramatically and new challenges are arising both in the physical and digital world. In
cities, along with fewer land available for people to use and the growth of advance
technology, our perception towards space changed. The digital age has bridged the
gap between the public and the private as one can interact with the public from their
private sphere and physically be a private sphere and still isolate themselves from
the public sphere.
The convergence of public and private sphere in the digital age has formed a new
kind of space known as the hybrid sphere. The contradiction between private space
and public space is also deepened by the ambiguity of the boundary. At the urban
level, the interconnection of the urban fabric with building envelope has a certain
level of ambiguity which makes it an interesting point of intersection. Building en-
velope is a borderline between outside and inside. In other words, it stands in be-
tween the public sphere and the private sphere. Moreover, building envelope could
be found easily throughout the city.
The process of rethinking building envelope in the project begins with the compari-
sons of urban envelopes in the three big cities: Paris, New York and London. There-
fore, this project explores a new system to transform building envelope from a static
entity into a dynamic and negotiable boundary that could act as an innovative tool
to regulate the city of London. The digital world is always being altering and the
physical world should be able to sustain these variations. Thus, building envelope
in the city should be redesigned as a flexible and smart surface with its own intelli-
gence that makes it possible for it to be controllable and changeable by city dwellers
through a digital negotiation system.
MODERN DAY LONDON

Without specific regulation for building envelope in urban level,
London’s skyline grows as a test bed.
Image Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/

thumb/3/3a/London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg/300px-London_
from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg
03 04
I. negotiating boundary URBAN ENVELOPE COMPARISON STUDY
BUILDING ENVELOPE TIMELINE

A historical timeline of Paris, New York and London on how building
envelope regulation influence city development in the recent centuries
05 06
i. negotiating boundary control and change
CONTROL AND CHANGE:

DYNAMIC of spaces
The exploration of temporariness and flexibility of the building envelope has

led to a fabric exploration which offers an interesting opportunity of understanding
space and the feel of an enclosed space on different surfaces. Fabric approach was
selected because of the flexible properties of the material. By applying tension and
compression in different points on a sheet of fabric, dynamic spaces are created.
In the process, we hack a sewing machine by connecting the rotor system that con-
trols the needle into rail system formed by rail and mini servo motor that are con-
nected to Arduino. Thus, by a simple mechanism of controlling and changing differ-
ent anchor points and setting different distances in between two sheets of fabrics,
various different spaces are created to resemble limitless scenario that happens in
the city when building envelope has become something that could be negotiated
and mass customized.
material study: spandex

Material study shows how different tension applied to the fabric at
different points creates various spaces and densities
07 08
i. negotiating boundary hacking the sewing machine #1
fabrication machine
Fabrication machine made by hacked sewing ma-
chine combined with arduino and servo machine
09 10
I. negotiating boundary hacking the sewing machine #1
19
18
17
16
FABRICATION MACHINE #1
15 SEWING MACHINE
[HACKED]
1.Machine Base
2. 4 x 8 mm nuts and bolts
3. External Side Gear
20 4. Micro Servo 180’
5. Rack
6. Side Handle
8. External Front Gear
14 9. Rack
10. Micro Servo 180’
11. Front Handle
13 12. Handle Rail Guide
13. Pit for 4 x 8 mm
nuts and bolts
11 14. Machine setting base
frame
12 15. Fabric 1 (attached to
9 the Fabric Frame 1)
16. Fabric Frame 1
10 17. Fabric Frame 2
18. Fabric 2 (attached to
8 the Fabric Frame 2)
7
5 6 20. Sewing Machine
3
2
fabrication machine fabrication machine

Fabrication machine made by hacked sewing machine combined Exploded diagram of the Fabrication Machine
with arduino and servo machine
11 12
i. negotiating boundary dynamic envelope model
[5.00, 10.00]
[8.00, 8.00]
[9.00, 3.00]
[6.00, 11.00]
[6.00, 8.00] [4.00, 14.00]
[8.00, 13.00]
[8.00, 16.00]
[5.00, 17.00]
[9.00, 11.00]
DYNAMIC ENVELOPE MODEL

Different spaces and desnsities created by
the material at when tension and compression are
added at different achor points
13 14
i. negotiating boundary dynamic envelope model
42% 42%
39% 39%
37% (6,5) (6,6) 37%
35% 35%
(5,6) (5,5)
33% 33%
(44+36+32)/3=37（%） (44+40+28)/3=37（%）
(4,5) (4,6)
31% 31%
29% 29%
27% 27%
25% 25%
100-37-37=26（%）
DYNAMIC ENVELOPE MODEL
Different spaces and desnsities created by
the material at when tension and compression are
added at different achor points based on the input
data from the digital negotiation model
15 16
Ii. URBAN NEGOTIATION VISUALIZING DYNAMICS IN THE CITY
II.
URBAN NEGOTIATION:
VISUALIZING DYNAMICS IN THE CITY
“The right to the city is, therefore, far more than a right of individual or group access to the
resources that the city embodies: it is a right to change and reinvent the city more after our hearts’
desire. It is, moreover, a collective rather than an individual right, since reinventing the city inevitably
depends upon the exercise of a collective power over the processes of urbanization.”
David Harvey - Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution, 2014, pp.4
Looking back into the background of the project, in our context, dynamic comes as
the critic of previous outdated building envelope regulations which still being ap-
plied in New York and Paris. The regulation is fixed; therefore, once it is applied, the
city is static. Then, considering the way London is developing based on free market
now, from urban design perspective, if any new regulation should be applied to the
city, ideally it should be flexible enough to be able to accommodate the changing
needs of the market. Thus, to bridge the ever changing different needs in the mar-
ket, a negotiation concept is introduced.
Consequently, any two opposing elements might cause a conflict and this can be re-
solved by negotiation. Negotiation is a broad concept with vast abstraction. Comes
from the word ‘negotiate’, it is generally defined as “to confer with another so as to
arrive at the settlement of some matter” (Merriam-webster.com, 2017).
In developing the concept into an urban project, this project identifies three com-
plex entities that might negotiate in an urban scene as public sphere, private sphere
and environment which have all sorts of different interest, requirements and initial
condition. Developed from the point of view of a designer, this project is started by
the development of an abstract negotiation model which would help us in visualizing
the dynamics of the city, as a base to develop a more impartial and intelligent solu-
tion for urban space in an ever-changing city.
17 18
II. URBAN NEGOTIATION THE THREE BODY PROBLEM
THE THREE BODY PROBLEM:

Perennial Problem of the Dynamics
To get a more practical understanding of negotiation concept, this project borrows

the concept of negotiation from the discipline of astrophysics known as the Three-
Body Problem. As Valtonen and Karttunen argue in The Three-Body Problem (2006),
the three-body problem appears in various context in nature. In astrophysics, it is
noted as the problem of motion of three celestial bodies un¬der their mutual grav-
itational attraction, often referred as the motion of the Moon under the influences
of gravitational force of the Sun and the Earth (Valtonen and Karttunen, 2006, p.1).
In a three-body problem scenario, each of those three entities has their own mass,
initial position and velocity that keep changing with time and is not arranged in a
particular way. Furthermore, each entity is restricted in relation with the other two
entities due to the nature of their own gravitational force. Thus, there is no way to
coordinate their transformation.
Similarly, this project also considers three complex entities as the input data for the
negotiation system. In urban level, both public sphere, private sphere and environ-
ment have all sorts of different interest, requirements and initial condition. Thus,
designed for digital age city, this project appropriates the computational approach
from the three-body problem to break down the negotiation scenario.
dynamic user interface

Sensing machine with three input points to gather
iput data from three independent users that are
interconnected in a certain level
19 20
II. URBAN NEGOTIATION NEGOTIATION LOGIC
DYNAMIC PERCENTAGE NEGOTIATION LOGIC

The negotiation system is set by a general rule: as it is closer During the negotiation process, each player could benefit
to the ground, public is given more control over the size of from the other player depending on how much each player
the space and as it is further from the ground, the two build- want and how much right each one has the space. The right
ings are given the more control equally of the space is based on their position in a vertical relation
to the ground.
21 22
iI. URBAN NEGOTIATION interactive negotiation model
DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE
NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE
INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES
Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private

Building 1 People Building 2 People Public Building 1 People Building 2 People Public Building 1 People Building 2 People Public Building 1 People Building 2 People Public


negotiation scenarios
Diagram showing different scenarios with various
spaces formed for every players which result in different
final envelope space
23 24
II. UrBAN NEGOTIATION DIGITAL NEGOTIATION SIMULATION
25 26
II. urban negotiation DIGITAL NEGOTIATION SIMULATION
negotiation scenarios
Diagram showing different scenarios with various
spaces formed for every players which result in different
final envelope space.
27 28
ii. urban negotiation DIGITAL NEGOTIATION SIMULATION
32 28 (9,4)
45%
42%
39%
37% (5,6) 45 37%

18
33% 60 40 (5,8) 33%
(44+32+28)/3=34（%） (56+40+32)/3=42（%）
31% 31%
29% (3,3) 28 38 52 46 (3,5) 29%
27% (2,1) 40 40 27%
25% 25%
29 100-34-42=24（%） 30
III. SPACE OF FLOW IN THE ERA OF BITS AND ATOMS
III.
Space of Flow:
In the Era of Bits and Atoms
“There is a new spatial form characteristic of social practices that dominate and shape the
network society: the space of flows ... The space of flows is the material organization of time-sharing
social practices that work through flows. By flows I understand purposeful, repetitive, programmable
sequences of exchange and interaction between physically disjointed positions held by social actors,”
Manuel Castells - The Rise of the Network Society, 1996, p.412
According to Rowan Moore in Slow Burn City: London in the Twenty-First Century,
London always survives a disaster. London, above all the pros and cons, is a surviv-
ing giant. Since the late 19th century, London has turned bigger than ever before.
It was once a global city and now it is the global city of all cities (Moore, 2016). It is
known that London is the heart of the Britain’s economics and the rapid develop-
ment of towers, sharp escalating of property values and prices has proved that it is
the global city of all cities. Business grows prolifically; and along with our modern
digital lifestyle, great network connectivity is inevitable. Physically, London is an ex-
tremely populated yet very dynamic city at the same time. Digitally, according to the
global tweeter data map, it is no surprise that London is the brightest digital node
in Europe.
Today in the digital age London, like any modern city with great network connectiv-
ity, its city dwellers are transforming into a modern cyborg society. People is overly
depending on internet and on the personal scale, constant two-way cybernetic ex-
change we constantly conduct has turned us into individuals whose mental and so-
cial existence are not only enabled and sustained but also improved by technology.
People no longer see technology and humanity as a separated context but rather as
two constituents that entangled as one entity. Technology, in specific internet-based
media, has become our basic platform in performing almost all of our basic daily
activities. Therefore, along with this phenomenon, massive amount of urban data is
created every day in city on a real-time basis. Finally, in this project, London’s physi-
cal and digital urban data is extracted as the base consideration for the development
of the negotiation system’s framework and the intelligence of the envelope.
31 32
III. SPACE OF FLOW MODERN CYBORG SOCIETY
MODERN CYBORG SOCIETY

creature of the modern world
“You are a cyborg every time you look at a computer or use a cell phone device.”
Case, 2010 as cited in Ratti and Claudel, 2016, pp.57
When looking at an entanglement between humanity and technology, it is inter-

esting to look at the long history of human exploration on the ‘direct relationship
between people, machinery and technology’ which could be interpreted as ‘cyborg’.
More than focusing only on the historical aspect of it, the history of development of
cyborg overtime might give us a valuable insight in seeing how people have always
tried to improve their individual and social existence through technology.
Started by a more literal interpretation of a merge between mechanical components

and human body in the early 19th century, modern cyborg nowadays is a more ab-
stract definition and with the invention of social media platform, peoples’ lives are
enhanced with dig¬ital-networked interactions.
euston station
Illustration demonstrates the interconnection between human
and technology. The physical world is exceedingly connected to
the digital world.
33 34
CYBORG EVOLUTION:
AN EVERCHANGING TERM
First Industrial Revolution
1760 - 1840
Second Industrial Revolution /

Technological Revolution
1870 - 1914
“Digesting “…a cybernetic organism,

a hybrid of machine and “…a creature born into this binary condi-
Outlines a focus on
Duck” machinery, industry and organism, a creature of Associated to the military in tion, into a world of converged digital and
speed social reality as well as a the form of enhanced soldiers material, where each individual’s mental
Introduces the Tin Woodsman, creature of fiction” supervising people from the
Jaques de and social existence is enabled, sustained,
who's body has been replaced corners of the buildings and improved by technologies”
Vaucanson Futurist by tin limbs
A Cyborg
ROBOT Manifesto The Wizard of OZ Manifesto ENHANCED SOLDIER MODERN CYBORG
Leonardo
DaVinci Filippo T. Marinetti Donna Haraway Gray, Virilio Ratti, Claudel
L. Frank Baum's
before 1800 1909 1939 1985 1997 2016
1839 1948 1955 1980 1990's 2004

Edgar Allen Poe Norbert Wiener DC Comic
CONTEMPORARY
PROSTHETIC MAN CYBERNETICS Man of Steel facebook age
“The Man that Was Used Up” "Cybernetics or Control and “… a literal marriage of Social Networking gains
features a man made almost Communication in the Animal technology and man. popularity, allowing
entirely of prosthetics and the Machine" outlines Half human, half internet users to
contemporary cybernetics connect in more 2011 - ...
machine, and a true
superhero for the intricate ways than
before
modern age” THIRD Industrial Revolution :
McCarthy THE RISE OF LATERAL POWER
INTERNET
artificiaL GENERATION
intelligence The Internet becomes
public and becomes more
Machine starts to mimics "cognitive" worldwide
functions that humans associate with
other human minds, such as "learning"
and "problem solving"
A Cyborg Timeline
A short resume on how the ever-changing term has been defined
specifically in different era since its first emergence in the late
17th century. The timeline shows a relation between the changing
interpretation of the term with the latest global development and
innovation made in the industrial/mechanical sector
35 36
MODERN CYBORG SOCIETY

When our over dependency to internet and technology is in the
mass scale, is it sensible to claim that we are living in a cyborg
society now?
37 38
I. SPACE OF FLOW CITY OF NETWORK
CITY OF NETWORK
London is a contemporary “cyborg” society, with its people being profoundly inter-
net-dependent. They live in a society that is well connected but also enhanced by
the city’s digital network. This concept of connection between physical and digital
world and how the decisions made digitally, also effects the physical world.
Therefore, it is essential to understand the history of social media and how the de-
velopment and the dependency on social media has led to a new cyborg generation
and the rise of lateral power.
LONDON TWITTER MAP

Map of twitter data created in United Kingdom
with the focus set in the City of London. Data
source: Mapbox - Global Tweet Data Map by Eric
Fischer
39 40
III. SPACE OF FLOW DIGITAL EVOLUTION
DIGITAL EVOLUTION:
a thriving world of innovation
CompuServe was the first
major online service Microsoft was principal
provider in the US producers of microcomputer
software industry
compuserve
ARPANET MICROSOFT instant
1969 UNIX 1975 TROJAN 1979 usenet 1980 message
1970 ONLINE 1972 VIRUS 1976 apple 1977 FREE BSD
GAMING It introduces a physical NINTENDO
used interface which CONSOLE
allows mouse navigation
dns
aol
btx hack mobile telephone rsa
web server 1989 video conference 1984 free software dmr 1983
web browser 1990 windows 1985 c64 1982 ccc 1981
internet Microsoft developed laptop pc
virtual identity windows graphical userf mupid ipv4
interface, an improvement
search engine from MS-DOS email ms-dos
The first gaming system
which allowed for
thousands of players to
take part at the same time
ncsa mosaic mmorpg

1993 mp3 1997 netflix
1991 html 1992 bonet 1995 yahoo 1996 smartphone 1994 spam 1998 ipv6 1999 peer to peer
http ebay vpn plat station napster
linux google blogs
geizhals amazon
wikileaks e-government xbox

iphone 23andme facebook google earth
ios twitter spotify vimeo stumbleupon
google street view 2007 tpm cloud computing 2006 world of warcraft 2004 wikipedia 2001
google map 2005 windows mobile 2002 umts 2000
youtube google adwords
ultra books
google+
2008 android on mobile 2011 office 365
2009 data theft 2010 ipad 2012 cyberlaw software technical material
de-cix stuxnet quad core phone hardware hacking
A SOCIAL MEDIA Timeline facebook trades user data windows 8
A timeline shows how digital network development google records wifi network data
has trived since the mid 20th century. Data source:
Social Media Timeline Wall, ARS Electronica, 2017
41 42
III. SPACE OF FLOW DIGITAL EVOLUTION
LONDON TWITTER MAP

Map of twitter data created in United Kingdom with
the focus set in the Greater London Area in 2016.
Data source: Mapbox - Global Tweet Data Map
by Eric Fischer
43 44
I. SPACE OF FLOW THE RISE OF LATERAL POWER
THE RISE OF LATERAL POWER

THE NEW WORLD FORCE
The exploration of negotiation system emphasizes on the power of people itself and
the project offers an interesting approach on rethinking urban design for the future.
According to Jeremy Rifkin in his book The Third Industrial Revolution (2011), the
nature of over-dependency on the internet has caused for the modern cyborg gen-
eration and the rise of a new global force, the lateral power, which marks the start
of what he calls the Third Industrial Revolution. Through the ease of sharing and
building social connectivity, social capital thrives and lateral power emerging to be
the world’s most powerful power. In many ways, collaborative power provided by
the internet has restructured human relationship from top to bottom to side to side
(Rifkin, 2011, pp.5).
Therefore, in exploring the project further, data regarding physical and digital devel-
opment in London are cross-compared in order to find a specific test bed in the city
where people’s digital and physical connectivity is strong and striving enough to be
developed further.
modern cyborg
The dependency on technology by human kind has
reached a new level that allows technology to
inflitrate in every layer of our dailiy life
45 46
III. CITY OF NETWORK old street DATA EXPLORATION
OLD STREET DATA EXPLORATION:

IN BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL AND DIGITAL
Old Street is known as the Silicon roundabout of London, making it extremely pop-
ular for both digital and physical activities to take place. To better understand the
activates that take place at old street, we have mapped out the physical and digital
activities that take place throughout the week (17 - 23 February 2017). In relation
to the physical events, the main activities considered in the data collection were:
food and drinks events, comedy events, musical events and cultural events. All of
the se¬lected events were also categorized based on the type of location: outdoor
location and indoor location. In specific, our data collection maps out the activities
and the number of people attending these activities throughout the week.
In terms of the digital activities, we use twitter as the digital platform and the main
consideration was the hashtag ‘#Oldstreet’. The tweets have interesting value for
our project as every tweet is embedded with geo-location tag that let us track the
location of where the tweets were tweeted. Therefore, technically we collected any
tweets from Old Street area from within the same period that contains the hashtag.
The data measured was then used to map out the digital activities specified as the
number of related tweets throughout the week and every two hours. The combi-
nation of both physical and digital data was then overlaid to give initial direction
towards scenarios where the project could take place in the area of Old Street neigh-
bourhood.
OLD STREEt’s tweets

Visualisation of twitter data in Old Street.
Data taken from 17-23 February 2017 via www.keyhole.co
47 48
III. CITY OF NETWORK old street PHYSICAL URBAN DATA
physical world of old street physical events in old street

Event places in around Old Street area during 17-23 February 2017. Illustration of the physical events data throughout the
Urban data is collected via www.skiddle.com and then connected week at Old Street area during 17-23 February 2017.
to Unity 3D Application through API protocol in a real time basis. Data collected via www.skiddle.com
Final data visualization is generated via Unity3D.
49 50
III. CITY OF NETWORK old street PHYSICAL URBAN
old street
DATA
EVENT PLACES IN OLD STREET

3D Scan showing private and public spaces in
Old Street where weekly events are held
51 48
52
I. SPACE OF FLOW OLD STREET DIGITAL URBAN DATA
digital world of old street

Twitter data from around Old Street area during 17-23 Febru-
ary 2017. Urban data is collected via www.keyhole.co and then
connected to Unity 3D Application through API protocol in a real
time basis. Final data visualization is generated via Unity3D.
53 54
III. CITY OF NETWORK old street data exploration
Monday 9%
Tuesday 18%
Wednesday 16%
Thursday 14%
Indoor
events Friday 11%
Saturday 11% Female 29.3%
Sunday 21% Male 70.7%
Food &
Drinks
Music
Education
Comedy
Sport
Tour
Health outdoor
events 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00
185 151 322. 297 377. 115

POSTS users reach impressions
physical and digital data

Diagram drawing of the logic behind cross-analysing physical and digital
data in Old Street. All the events data is collected via www.skiddle.com
and twitter data is collected via www.keyhole.co
55 56
III. CITY OF NETWORK old street data exploration
IDEAL TESTBED FOR THE PROJECT

These two buildings have totally different function
with different kind of typical activity. The five stories
building is a residential building and the nine stories
one is a commercial office building. Then, as the
buildings are separated by a relatively narrow public
road, the project can intervene with the space with-
out too much external constrains.
57 58
Iv. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE fabricating cybernetic space
IV.
Negotiable enveLOPE:
FABRICATING CYBERNETIC SPACE
The project advances from the idea of developing urban negotiation model physi-
cally with the aid of digital technology for the modern cyborg society. However, as
building envelope is chosen as the negotiable subject, material exploration becomes
a crucial aspect of the development. The project seeks to find material system that
could represent the everchanging digital flux that is happening in the digital world,
which at the same time influences our physical world. Technically, our material sys-
tem should be able to respond to changes in digital data and turn the data into dy-
namic physical spaces in accordance to real time fabrication data.
The study of flexible envelope was started by exploring different spaces created by
fabric made surface that is controllable and changeable. However, considering the
practical function of building envelope as a partition between inside and outside, it
is important to maintain key properties of ‘basic’ building envelope such as stable,
self-supporting and enclosing. Thus, in fabricating cybernetic spaces, thor¬ough ex-
ploration of different materials with different properties of temporariness, flexibility,
porosity and support system is conducted using a machinic approach. Therefore,
‘hack’, which defined as “a strategy or technique for managing one’s time or activ-
ities more efficiently” (Oxford Dictionaries | English, 2017) could also be a suitable
approach for the context. In The City of Tomorrow: Sensors, Networks, Hackers and
the future of Urban Life, Ratti and Claudel points out that in order to successfully
execute an ‘urban hacking’ some points should be examined: “what the site means;
second, how the hack appropriates the site; and third, how the hack transforms the
site to communicate a message to a broad public” (Ratti and Claudel, 2016, p.142).
Therefore, it is important to emphasize that in this project, hacking mass customiza-

tion is not understood as a way to over empowering society. In this context, hacking
and machinic approach is introduced in the process as way to open up the possibility
of mass customization of the envelope. Mass customization is required to fabricate
the output of the negotiation system in the city which might result in limitless form
of dynamic and intelligent building envelope.
FLEXIBLE/AUTOMATED/
composite
Flexible surface made of
composite chainmail structure
printed with SLS material
59 60
Iv. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE FABRICATION EVOLUTION
Invention of Materials FABRICATION EVOLUTION:

THE ERA OF MASS CUSTOMIZATION
The early days of

fashion tecnology was more
about function than style.
The materials most likely
used were cotton,wool,silk Nylon becames popular as
and leather. They began to First electric it was cheaper than silk More form fitting fabric
sew by hand, which involved sewing machine and more resistance to that more confortable
strong needle and threads was intorduced tears and holes and long lasting
Singer Corporation Nylon and Acrylics Spandex

Electric Sewing Machine
Early Years 1889 1950’s 1970’s
FABRICATION APPROACH 1790 1945 2007

IN FASHION INDUSTRY
Fermented Fabric Material First Sewing Machine
Thomas Saint Experimentation Australia
The first sewing machine After the second world war US The first fabric was
was built during the first industrial could no longer import silk and made from grape fermant
revolution. It was meant to sew cotton from Asia
leather and canvas but the model
was never built
Tyvek 3D Printed
Prada Flexible Dress
Breathable membrane Iris van Herpen
that created an unusual
crafted clothing Iris van Herpen’s first
ever 3D printed flexible
dress
Carl R.
Deckard
Selective
Laser
Sintering First 3D
printed metal
A patent for ‘SLS’ using laser
“using a laser to create addictive
covalent cross-linking at manufacturing
the surface of a liquid
monomer where the
object being
AeroMat At Home
manufactured rested on Chuck Hull patents
Stereolithography. He 3D Metal 3D printers
a tray that was gradually
lowered into a vat one develops a STL file
Printer Reprap project
step at a time” format, that allows for Helisys creates Large scale
3d files to be 3d laminated object Next day Service for 3D creation of 3D French artist First useable prosthetic First 3D printd aircraft was
printed objects manufacturing printed objects onine objects in one piece creates a C1 chair with all body parts created in 7 days
Wyn Kelly Swainson Chuck Hull Helisys Solidscape Incorporates Materialise Mammoth STL Patric Jouin Bespoke Innovation University of Southampton
3D printing concept emerges 3D Systems LOM 3D Wax Printing Next day service large scale
printing 3D printed Furniture First Usable Prosthetic First 3D Printed Aircraft
1977 1986 1991 1994 1997 2000 2005 2008 2011
3d printing inventions
1981 1989 1993 1995 1999 2002 2006 2009
and developments
Different
Art Works First Z Printers Materials Fast and High quality Multi-Material 3D printer 3D Printed Animated movie
Hideo Kodama and
Alan Herbert Masaki Fujuhata Exhibition Z corporation Objet geometries Envisiontec Laika Animation
Innovate ideas to fuse First known 3D printed Ars Mathematica in A ink jet like printing, the Objet geometries Envisiontec starts Multi-material printing that is The animation studio 3D
materials with lasers artworks France organized a head moves across a bed produces the first 3d manufacturing 3d parts low cost and hackable printed puppets
first exibition for of powder depositing a printer that can print at high speeds without
computer sclptures liquid binding material in both hard and soft scarificing the quality
the shape of the section materials
A MODERN FABRICATION Timeline

Data inspired from Museum of Art and Design, New York official MakerBot
website: www.madmuseum.org MakerBot Industries
MakerBot industries
makes it more accessible
for individuals
61 62
Iv. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE hacking the sewing machine
hacking the sewing machine

tension and compression / analogue and digital
On the attempt of creating flexibility and temporariness in fabric-made

space, we begin to explore the ‘traditional’ way people use to fabricate things from
fabric. Historically, fabric-related fabrication techniques have evolved several times
in relation to the latest development in technology. From hand stitching to sewing
machine, the tools have gone from analogue to digital.
Digital properties that sewing machine has is the key to our exploration in hacking
the tool. Exploring on the bridge between digital and analogue, it is crucial for us to
find a way to connect data flux into a mechanical system in order to reconfigure and
recode the fabrication process.
ANALOGUE TO DIGITAL:
A NEW WAY OF FABRICATING
Sewing machine shows how people
transform the way of fabricating things
by combining digital method into an analogue tool
63 64
Iv. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE hacking the sewing machine
THREAD GUIDE SPOOL PIN

used when winding the thread holds the spool of thread
onto the bobbin and then
threading the machine
BOBBIN WINDER
winds the thread onto the bobbin
for use as the lower thread
HANDWHEEL
used to manually raise and lower
the needle
THREAD TAKE UP LEVEL
PATTERN SELECTION DIAL

dial rotator to choose stitching
style
UPPER TENSION-
CONTROL DIAL
controls the tension of the
upper thread
PRESSER FOOT LEVER REVERSE SEWING LEVER

used to raise and lower the
lever to stitch in the reverse
presser foot
direction
MOTOR
rotate the interconnected gears
PRESSER FOOT to run the machine
MAIN POWER SOCKET
THE ANATOMY
Brother Sewing Machine compact
free arms - LS14
65 66
Iv. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE FABRICATION MACHINE #1
fabricating composite material
The exploration of the material study began with fabrics and how fabrics work, in
this case were spandex and polyester, which could be controlled and changed by
their an¬chor points and they were made by the sewing machine. This translated
into the idea of ‘hacking’ the sewing machine.
The exploration on the idea of temporariness and flexibility of spaces was started by
an exploration on flexible material such as fabric. However, the fact that the fabrics
could not support itself and required an external support system makes it less ideal
to be developed into a building envelope. Thread, the common material used to cre-
ate tension and compression to fabric does not have an adequate strength property
therefore has very limited advantages in creating spaces. Consequently, we contin-
ued the exploration by considering the idea of creating flexibility using rigid and stiff
material. Thus, the idea of hacking the sewing machine led to an explora¬tion on
another material which is the filament. Therefore, during this stage, the sewing ma-
chine is hacked by replacing the needle with printing component from 3D printer to
print surfaces from filament by using technique of the sewing machine.
67 68
Iv. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE FABRICATION MACHINE #1
#2
69 70
IV. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE FABRICATION MACHINE #2
Fabrication machine part 2 generate surfaces by printing chainmails
structure made of composite materials based on the filtered mixture of
event-twitter urban data. The machine operates in real-time based in
sensing the data and fabricating the materials
71 72
IV. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE crafting intellegency
crafting intellegency
a geometry study
Reflecting back to the basic concept of Third Industrial Revolution theo-

ry by Jeremy Rifkin, in the idea of lateral power, every single element de-
fines lateralization itself. Therefore, the concept of composite material
developed, where the surface is made up of several parts or elements.
These small elements are metaphorically connected to lateral power.
Furthermore, more than the metaphor itself, it is important to create a
surface system that could be controlled and changed in general by only
controlling or changing one piece of the material that forms the surface.
Therefore, we started exploring with the idea of creating surfaces by in-

terlocking composite materials. This would allow for the material to be
flexible at the same time creates temporariness. The concept of a com-
posite material is interesting, tension at one point of the material will
allow for the material to create an interesting space and a form. Finally,
the composite material permits the surface to be flexible and the space
to be temporary and also portrays the idea of lateral power at the same
time.
flexible surface
Flexible surface made by interlocking chainmail and each
chainmail is a representation of lateral power
73 74
Octagonal: single chanmail piece octagonal

basic shape of 8 edges chainmail with 8 knots and 4 interlocking sides interlocking system
HEXAGON: single chanmail piece hexagonal

SQUARE: single chanmail piece square

CHAINMAIL STRUCTURE: GEOMETRY EXPLORATION

Geometry study shows how different arrangements of geometry pieces
could create different chainmail structures. The study includes exploration
on how each piece connects to other pieces and how good is the overall
performance of the chainmail surfaces they created in term of density and
strength
75 76
square CHAINMAIL SURFACE square CHAINMAIL SURFACE

Square Chainmail Surface explanation diagram A surface made of interlocking square-shape chainmails
77 78
3d square CHAINMAIL SURFACE 3d squared CHAINMAIL SURFACE

3D Square Chainmail Surface explanation diagram A surface made of interlocking 3D square-shape chainmails
79 80
variation 1 variation 2 variation 3
2d to 3d chainmails arc structure

3D chainmails are developed in variations based on the square geometry
on 2D chainmails. The variations range from cube to sphere and the other
volumetric shape in between them
81 82
CIRCULAR CHAINMAIL SURFACE CIRCULAR CHAINMAIL SURFACE

Interlocking points and pattern in ircular chainmail A surface made of interlocking sphere-shape chainmails
surface explained in diagram
83 84
Fabrication machine part 3 generates spaces by putting tensions
in different and customizable points along the printed composite
surfaces. The points are varied based on different kind of activities
demanded by the users in a real-time basis
FABRICATING DYNAMIC SPACE
The hacking of sewing machine begin with the exploration on spaces being enclosed
by dynamic fabric surface. By connecting the rotor that controls the needle to Ar-
duino, the mechanism of the sewing machine is controllable and changeable via the
computer. Following, an order to create the composite material, digital sewing ma-
chine was hacked and combined with portable 3D printer. This allowed for filament
to be printed instead of thread, to create surfaces that replaces fabric.
The concept of combining the composite surface with the tensile structure would
allow a more controllable and changeable composite surface to create different
spaces in a more dynamic way. Technically, this machine uses hook that behaves
as anchor points which con move the composite surface according to the data re-
ceived. The compression and the tension of the surface allows for different spaces
and forms to be created.
85 86
87 88
Fabrication machine part 3 generates spaces by putting tensions
in different and customizable points along the printed composite
surfaces. The points are varied based on different kind of activi-
ties demanded by the users in a real-time basis
89 90
surface to space SURFACE TO SPACE

Illustration of the data points of the surface Space configurations made of interlocking sphere-shape
chainmails surfaces with additional locking system support
91 92

93 94

95 96
SURFACE TO SPACE SURFACE TO SPACE

Space configurations made of interlocking sphere-shape Space configurations made of interlocking sphere-shape
chainmails surfaces with additional locking system chainmails surfaces with additional locking system support
support
97 98
IV. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE LOCKING SYSTEM
external Locking system

Locking system is introduced to add stablity into the flexible surface.
99 100
IV. NEGOTIABLE ENVELOPE SELF SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
FLEXIBLE/AUTOMATED composite SELF SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

Flexible surface made of composite chainmail structure Flexible surface made of composite chainmail struc-
printed with SLS material ture printed with SLS material supported with locking
system is proved to be more stable. The surface is then
able to stand on its own.
101 102
Iv. NEGOTIABLE
IV. urban hacking
ENVELOPE SELF SUPPORTING
crafting flexibility
STRUCTURE
SELF SUPPORTING BUILDING ENVELOPE

Space configurations made of interlocking sphere-shape
chainmails surfaces with additional locking system
support
71
103 104
72
V. NEGOTIATING NATURE the logic of the environment
v.
NEGOTIATING NATURE:
THE LOGIC OF THE ENVIRONMENT
When a city is dismantled thoroughly, its basic composition is nothing more than
two, one is the natural flows and another one is the envelope (Shepard, 2011). The
natural flows might include behaviours of people, animals, plants, sunlight, air, wa-
ter, and information, which circulating in their own ways. They may influent and
negotiate with one another, but they all channelled by the cities envelopes.
The interlocked composites were able to form a flexible self-supporting surface which
supports the idea of negotiable boundaries for people. Urban data obtained through
digital network could affect the surface’s morphology to form many type of dynamic
spaces in real time basis through a series of calculation. However, it is important to
note that building envelope is more than a separator between spaces thus its envi-
ronmental impact should be taken into careful consideration. Envelopes in the city
include the envelopes covering buildings and the envelopes between buildings. The
envelope formed by building facade often has more impact on the internal space of
the building, and the building between the envelopes plays bigger role in creating
microclimates in urban spaces.
Therefore, environment is considered as one of the key players in the negotiation

model. However, considering the great complexity of natural flow, environmen-
tal condition in this project is only limited into sun light data, specifically sun light
hour data which would influence the thermal performance of the spaces enclosed
by the envelopes. Technically, regardless the shape of the dynamic envelope, suffi-
cient lighting must be provided to each building. By the simulation in eco-tech and
grasshopper, according to the daily sun height angle in London, the surface of the
material will change, allowing different densities of the envelope to meet the needs
of adequate lighting. Finally, the end product of the whole system would be deter-
mined by a dynamic mix of citizen’s interest controlled by their own negotiation and
environmental requirement.
SENSING THE ENVIRONMENT

Sensing study explores the usage of various sensors combined
with several coding and script process to simulate on how the
surface should react to different kind of sun light data in a real
time basis
105 106
v. negotiating nature environmental behaviour
ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOUR
learning from the nature
The negotiation process in this project is divided into two parts. The first part of the
negotiation process involves active elements of the city which are the public sphere
and the private sphere. The final product of the first interface system would be the
total area that has to be provided in the new space generated by the envelope.
Then, the end product of the first negotiation process would be considered as a new
input for the second negotiation process involving environment data. Technically, at
this stage, the environmental requirement would be the embedded intelligence that
influence the final shape of the envelope to assure that the newly formed space has
good lighting and thermal performance.
However, as the environment data is not set to influence the form of the envelope,
environmental requirement is reached by adjusting the outer skin of the surface in
the form of material density and rotation. Interlocked composite forming the surface
would be rotated or scaled down according to its technical capability in order to
provide adequate openings required by ideal sun light hour. In the design process,
sensing experiment is conducted to see how natural object such as flower responds
to sun light as a base design logic for the envelope surface design.
sensing the environment

Sensing study explores the usage of various sensors combined
with several coding and script process to simulate on how the
surface should react to different kind of sun light data in a real
time basis
107 108
v. negotiating nature SENSING MACHINE #1
THE GARDEN: SENSING MACHINE #1 THE GARDEN: SENSING MACHINE #1

Sensing machine build with light sensors combined Sensing machine build with light sensors combined
several coding techniques using arduino platform several coding techniques using arduino platform
109 110
v. negotiating nature the flower garden
Representataion of a garden
Metaphorically representation of a garden being the data
and the flower being digital output. The flower is controlled
by the garden, in relation to opening and closing, changing
the color and the size
111 112
v. negotiating nature the flower garden
CUSTOMIZED Flower CUSTOMIZED Flower

The flower changing its shape and The flower changing its shape and
colour according to the data received colour according to the data received
by The Garden by The Garden
113 114
v. negotiating nature material intellegence
MATERIAL INTELLEGENCE
CODING AN ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE
In regulating how the surface should adjust its density, technical limitation of the
interlocked composite has become one of the most important aspect to consider.
In specific, the thickness of one element influences the maximum distance for each
composite when the overall surface is rotated. Furthermore, the distance influences
maximum degree for the surface rotation. Finally, the degree of rotation influences
how much sun light could enter into the building.
Therefore, detailed material study is conducted to form a specific material system
that could be used as a base for coding the artificial intelligence embedded in the
surface to ensure that the negotiation model with environment could result in a
high-performance building envelope.
material reaction to environment data

The drawing represent the dynamic of environment data
and how the surface should be flexible enough to react to
it on a real time basis
115 116
v. negotiating nature material rotation system
MATERIAL ROTATION SYSTEM

Technically, as the surface is made by interlocked composite
material, each piece of the envelope surface could respond
to certain data by rotating in a certain degree to create
opening area. The diagram on the right corner shows total
opening area can be formed by different degree of rotations
on various chainmail surfaces with different thickness.
117 118
v. negotiating nature material rotation system
MATERIAL ROTATION SYSTEM

Technically, as the surface is made by interlocked composite
material, each piece of the envelope surface could respond
to certain data by rotating in a certain degree to create
opening area.
119 120
v. negotiating nature sun light hour simulation
Year: 2016 Year: 2016 Year: 2016 Year: 2016

Date: 6th July Date: 6th July Date: 6th July Date: 6th July
Sunlight hours: 22h Sunlight hours: 12h Sunlight hours: 34h Sunlight hours: 33h
ENVELOPE 1 ENVELOPE 2 ENVELOPE 1 ENVELOPE 2 ENVELOPE 1 ENVELOPE 2 ENVELOPE 1 ENVELOPE 2


SUNlight hour diagram

Diagram showing total sunlight hour the two envelopes can
get in total throughout their surface during one particular
sun position in a day.
121 122
v. negotiating nature controllable and changeable envelope
3D SQUARE SURFACE
STRUCTURE LOCKING
3d square surface
The surface is fabricated into 3-dimensional structural surface that
started to form space when it is locked in certain points.
123 124
v. negotiating nature controllable and changeable envelope
3D sphere SURFACE
STRUCTURE + surface
LOCKING
3d sphere surface
The project envisions the envelope as a dynamic tool that can
accommodate different needs in the city. Therefore, to let it func-
tion more than just as building façade, the surface with its locking
system is developed to enable it to form an enclosed space.
125 126
I. SPACE OF FLOW ARE WE CYBORG?
127 128
VI. Futurecraft urban hacking by the cyborg society
vi.
futurEMAKING:
urban hacking by the cyborg society
Finally, negotiation system plays a vital role in this project. Under the concept of
negotiation, the project is able to provide an open platform for the citizen using
the most accessible means of communication today, digital network, to manipulate
physical urban spaces in their surroundings. The entanglement of technology in the
project’s negotiation and fabrication system has bridge our existence in physical and
digital world. Moreover, together with the materiality and structural intelligence of
the surface the material system in this project’s negotiation system is able to trans-
form an abstract cybernetic flux into materialized spaces.
Formerly, by applying negotiation system into the process, the project manages to
show some values of democracy the potential to prevent power in society. Finally,
the environment in the negotiation system has a final filter that will lead to maxi-
mum environmental performance of the newly formed spaces.
Urban space in the city is the construction of the layout of streets, plazas, com-
mercial buildings, private residential buildings and other different spaces occupied
by the people. Every day, conflict between public and private space is happening
throughout the city as a result of irrational use of urban space. However, in the
digital age today, technology has changed the way people live and work, therefore,
could also potentially used as a tool to redesign urban spaces in the city.
By redesigning urban envelope as a dynamic and negotiable boundary, conventional

limitation of urban space in the city could be reconsidered. Through negotiation,
coordination of space between public and private is coordinated by different de-
mands. Thus, beyond its function as a separator, building envelope is reinvented as
a negotiable boundary. Therefore, eventually, in an urban level, building envelope
regulation is rethought as a dynamic tool to reshape the city.
129 130
vi. futureMAKING interactive model #1
input 1
input 2
input 3
INTERACTIVE MODEL #1
Interactive model #1 design is based on 3 simple pulley sistems that
are put on a rack and connected to 3 acrylic sticks by thread. The
pulleys are connected to 3 set of mini servo motors to control and
change the thread rolls that then would change the distance of the
sticks relative to the rack.
131 132
vi. futureMAKING interactive model #2
INTERACTIVE MODEL #2
Interactive model #2 design is based on 3 simple pulley sistems
that are put separately in an even distance on a circular table. The
pulleys are connected to 3 set of mini servo motors to control and
change the thread rolls that then would change the distance of the
sticks relative to the rack. The servos are controllable via ardunio
that is connected to digital model in grasshopper.
133 134
vi. futureMAKING urban negotiation model
INTERACTIVE TABLE #3
Interactive table #3 design is based on 12 simple pulley sistems that
are grouped on 3 different Interactive Models. The pulleys are con-
nected to servo motors to control and change the thread rolls that
then would change the distance of the sticks relative to the rack.
The servos are controllable via ardunio that is connected to light
sensors on the table. The light sensors reacts to the the way people
play with the sliding platform along the table side.
135 136
vi. futureMAKING urban negotiation model
SLIDING PANEL
[fibonnaci number pattern based]
interactive model table
TABLE PLATFORm detail
INTERACTIVE MODEL DETAIL
INTERACTIVE TABLE #3
Interactive table #3 design is based on 12 simple pulley sistems that
are grouped on 3 different Interactive Models. The pulleys are con-
nected to servo motors to control and change the thread rolls that
then would change the distance of the sticks relative to the rack.
The servos are controllable via ardunio that is connected to light
sensors on the table. The light sensors reacts to the the way people
play with the sliding platform along the table side.
137 138
V. FUTUREMAKING URBAN NEGOTIATION MODEL
URBAN NEGOTIATION IN THE CITY

By rethinking building envelope from a static border into
a dynamic and negotiable boundary, city dwellers from both the
private sphere and public sphere could regain the power to
redesign their city by customizing their urban space through a fair,
open and transparent negotiation system
with the aid of technology.
139 140

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MASS CUSTOMIZED ENVELOPE

Control and Change in The Rise of Lateral Power

Bartlett School of Architecture

Anchal Ganesh Shamanur

dwellers and their surroundings. In the process, digital fabrication is introduced to

Rhino Rhino Unity with APIUnity with API Protocol

Control and Change

MODERN DAY LONDON

Image Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/

BUILDING ENVELOPE TIMELINE

CONTROL AND CHANGE:

The exploration of temporariness and flexibility of the building envelope has

material study: spandex

fabrication machine fabrication machine

DYNAMIC ENVELOPE MODEL

37% (6,5) (6,6) 37%

THE THREE BODY PROBLEM:

To get a more practical understanding of negotiation concept, this project borrows

dynamic user interface

DYNAMIC PERCENTAGE NEGOTIATION LOGIC

DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE

NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE

INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES

Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private

DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE

NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE

INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES

Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private

DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE DYNAMIC ENVELOPE

NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE NEGOTIATION MACHINE

INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES INPUT SPHERES

Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private Building 1 Private

37% (5,6) 45 37%

33% 60 40 (5,8) 33%

29% (3,3) 28 38 52 46 (3,5) 29%

27% (2,1) 40 40 27%

Manuel Castells - The Rise of the Network Society, 1996, p.412

MODERN CYBORG SOCIETY

Case, 2010 as cited in Ratti and Claudel, 2016, pp.57

When looking at an entanglement between humanity and technology, it is inter-

Started by a more literal interpretation of a merge between mechanical components

First Industrial Revolution

Second Industrial Revolution /

“Digesting “…a cybernetic organism,

before 1800 1909 1939 1985 1997 2016

1839 1948 1955 1980 1990's 2004

MODERN CYBORG SOCIETY

LONDON TWITTER MAP

ncsa mosaic mmorpg

wikileaks e-government xbox

LONDON TWITTER MAP

THE RISE OF LATERAL POWER

OLD STREET DATA EXPLORATION:

OLD STREEt’s tweets

physical world of old street physical events in old street

EVENT PLACES IN OLD STREET

digital world of old street

Saturday 11% Female 29.3%

Sunday 21% Male 70.7%

185 151 322. 297 377. 115

physical and digital data

IDEAL TESTBED FOR THE PROJECT

Therefore, it is important to emphasize that in this project, hacking mass customiza-

Invention of Materials FABRICATION EVOLUTION: