ABSTRACT

Introduction: Agitation always appears 1 in 71% of patients undergoing surgical procedures that
take care to the ICU. The use of adequate sedation reduces the likelihood of agitation. Ideal
sedatives should have a fast onset of work, easy control of their depth, have minimal effects on
hemodynamics and have minimal side effects1. Benzodiazepine drugs, agonist opiods, propofol,
and α2-epinephrine agonists are the most widely used drugs in ICU that have side effects on
hemodynamics. Therefore, other sedation agents are needed for patients in ICU.2

Method: This research uses double blind trandomized controlled control trial conducted in
October-November 2017 at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Fifty patients treated at ICU using
mechanical ventilator at H. Adam Malik Hospital that met inclusion and exclusion criteria were
divided into two groups: dexmedetomidine and ketamine. Group 1 obtained dexmedetomidine 0.5
mcg / kg / h and the second group obtained ketamine 0.5 mg / kgBB / hour. Ramsay Score
assessments to assess instantly on both groups shortly after drug treatment.

Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in T0, T3, T6, T12, T24 in
dexmedetomidine and ketamin. The most significant difference was seen in T24 where 19 people
(72%) were given ideal dexmedetomidine compared to 7 (28%) given ketamine. Based on the
observation of ideal sedation time in each sample, the ideal sedation time in the dexmedetomidine
group was 19 hours 48 minutes, and the ideal time of ketamine was 12 hours and 33 minutes (p =
0.04).

Conclusion: There is a significant difference in sedation effect in the administration of

Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine, where Dexmedetomidine has a better sedative effect than
Ketamine.

Key word: Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine, Sedation