Updated r.8.7.

8
3/3/2018 12:08 AM
G-Matthew – Readers Edition

The basic text of this IRENT is open to the public and available free
to all for their personal use. The text is continually updated, replaced,
and uploaded at http://tiny.cc/bostonreaders .

Send e-mail for comments, critiques, questions, or corrections to

ounbbx@gmail.com as well as a request to access to other related files.

Alas, time and tomorrow do not wait for us!

Note
for IRENT G-Matthew – Readers Edition only:

The two large sections – the well-known ‘Sermon on the Mount’

(Ch. 5, 6 and 7) and the so-called ‘Olivet Discourse’ (Ch. 24 and 25)
– are attached to this PDF file to help read the text with the narrative
flowing contiguous.

To open and read the attachment, you need to first download this file and then open it up
to look for the attachment.
G-Matthew – Readers Edition

Translator’s Note

• Vol. I of IRENT (Gospels and Acts) uploaded in one zip file.

• See also other zip files:

IRENT Vol. II – Epistles and Revelation
IRENT Vol. III – Supplements (#1 to #6)
IRENT Vol. IV – Introduction

• The translated text comes after the Title page and the Table of
Content page; all the introductory material is placed at the end
of the text [before the Appendix Section] to make it easier for
reading on mobile devices.

• See ‘Essential Vocabulary’ as a separate file in <IRENT Vol. IV

Introduction>.

• See an attached file, Short Vocabulary List for IRENT.

On the segmentation of the text material into boxes of colored
line borders (see in How to read IRENT Vol. 4 Introduction of IRENT).
The Gospel text is enclosed in the dashed-line box in units of a large or small size.
The color of the box tells where the segment of text is found in relation to other
Gospels: (Same for the nestled boxes within a box.)

Only in G-Mt
in all Synoptics
in G-Mt and one other (G-Mk or G-Lk)

[Note: Acrobat has trouble to render these lines correctly in the PDF.]

Such text segmentation using boxes is to show how the text sits in the text structure
which should be kept mind when reading the Bible. The color scheme is to help
the readers recognize how parallel the text is in four Gospels. When the text is in
a different flow of narrative and discourse, the box is set back from the left margin.

* - words in footnotes/end-nodes – are listed in the IRENT Vol. III Supplement for Walk
through the Bible word study.
 ISSN 1943-0345
Read IRENT – Matthew – Readers Edition

Read IRENT
An Invitation to Reading in English – N.T.

[The New Covenant in Yeshua the Mashiah]

Vol. I: Gospels & Acts

No. 2
Gospel of Mattityahu
(Matthew)
(Readers Edition)

安路者 Ahnrojah Books 2009

Read IRENT
2008
ISSN 1943-0345

(Vol. I. No. 3. IRENT – G-Matthew – Readers Edition)

7/1/2008

Ahnrojah Books

The basic text of this IRENT is open to the public and available free to all for their personal
use. The text is continually updated and uploaded at http://tiny.cc/bostonreaders .

The ‘New Testament’ is the Scripture

of the “New Covenant” in Yeshua the Mashiah.

Not a replacement

but the renewed one for the Former Covenant of YHWH.

Contents

Contents

Gospel of Matthew
Part I (Ch. 1:1 – 4:11)
Part II (Ch. 4:12 – 16:)
Part III (Ch. 17: – 25:46)
Part IV (Ch. 26:1 – 28:20)
The Sermon on the Mount (Ch. 5, 6, 7) – separate file attached.
The Olivet Discourse (Ch. 24, 25) – separate file attached.

A Publication Notice
How to read the Readers Edition
Overview/Outlines/Acrostic Bible

Appendix:
A Brief Timeline of the Life-history of Yeshua
OT quotations & allusions
G-Mt

{
Gospel} according to Mattityahu
a b
0F

Part I (1:1 – 4:11) His Person

PART I
1:1 – 4:11 His Person

Coming of Yeshua as Mashiah, Son of David,

as Immanuel, 1:1 – 2:23

(Mt 1)
Title
Mt 1:1 (cf. Mk 1:1; Lk 1:1-4; Jn 1:1-18) The Opening of the Gospelc

1:1 A bookd of life-historye

of Yeshuaf the ☼Mashiah g
– ☼Son of David, h{Rm 1:3} Son of Abraham i:{Heb 2:16} 2F

a {Gospel} ░░ [in some mss. ‘Gospel’ in the title of all Four Gospels is in the sense of a ‘Gospel-book’.]
b according to Mattityahu ░░ [= “written down in the name of Mattityahu” - for his authorship and editorship]
[Mattityahu > Matthew - Mt 9:9; 10:3 (Heb. ‘gift of Yah’); known also as ‘Levi’ (Mk 2:14, 15; //Lk 5:27, 29).]
c 1:1 <Opening> ░░ [It begins with this (title for Gospel content), not with a genealogy which follows (v.2ff).]
d 1:1 A book ░░ (‘a scroll and what is written on it); /the book – most; /x: the account – NRSV; /x: the record – NASB;

//xxx: the list (of ancestors) – GW; /xx: a record (of the ancestors) – NLT; /x: a record (of the life) – ISV;
e 1:1 life-history ░░ [genesis – 'generation of life' →' 'life of history', from his birth to death to the resurrection. Not the

record of his History]; /the life – ISV; /xx: the generation – KJV; /xxx: the genealogy; /x: the origins;
f f 1:1 Yeshua ░░ [Heb. 'salvation, deliverance'] [a short form of a common theophoric Hebrew name Yehoshua (‘Yah

is Salvation’) ← v. 21b]; /Gk. Iēsous; /Iesus – KJV 1611, Latin; /Jesus – English, French, Spanish, etc.;
g 1:1 Mashiah ░░ /Messiah; />> Christ; [the Anointed one by Elohim, promised to come for Israel as a king in the

Davidic line.]
h 1:1 Son of David ░░ [A messianic title. Cf. 2Sam 7:2. Mk 12:35 //Mt 22:42 //Lk 20:41. Mt 1:1; 15:22; 20:30; Lk

3:23-38 [= Seed of David. Act 13:22-23; Rm 1:3. Cf. Act 2:30; Cf. Jer 22:30]; /x: the son of David – most; /
i 1:1 Son of Abraham ░░ [Cf. Gal 3:16] [Cf. Judaic people as the intended audience of this Gospel.] [Abraham (‘father

of multitude of nations’) (Gen 17:4). His original name was Abram (‘father of exaltation’) (Gen 11:26).]
‘Son of Abraham’ and ‘Son of David’
Mt 1:2-17 (cf. Lk 3:23-38) Mashiah as Son of Abraham & Davida
Abraham to David – the age of waiting for a king (//Lk 3:31-34)
1:2 Abraham brought forth b Isaac ;
5F 6F

and Isaac brought forth Yaakob ; 7F

and Yaakob brought forth Yehudah and his brothers; c

8F

1:3
and Yehudah brought forth Perez and Zerah, twin — from ☼Tamar♀; [Gen 38:29-30]
and Perez brought forth Hezron;
and Hezron brought forth Ram;
1:4 and Ram brought forth Amminadab;
and Amminadab brought forth Nahshon;
and Nahshon brought forth Salmon;
1:5
and Salmon brought forth Boaz {Ruth 4:21} — from Rachab♀; d
and Boaz brought forth Obed — from ☼Ruth ♀;e {Ruth 4:17}
and Obed brought forth Yishai;
1:6
and Yishai brought forth David the King. {Rm 1:3}

 David to Exile – the age of the kings (//Lk Ø) <kings’ names bracketed>; * evil kings
1:6b
And <David> brought forth Solomon {2Sm 12:24; 1Ch 28:5}
— from the ♀wife of another man, ☼Uriyah; f 1F

1:7
and <Solomon> brought forth Rehoboam*;
and <Rehoboam*> brought forth Abiyah*;
and <Abiyah*> brought forth Asa;
1:8
and <Asa>{/mss} brought forth Yehoshaphat;
and <Yehoshaphat> brought forth Yehoram*;
and <Yehoram*>g brought forth Uzziah;
1:9
and <Uzziah> brought forth Yotham;
and <Yotham> brought forth Ahaz*; {Isa 7:1, 10-17}
and <Ahaz*> brought forth Hezekyah;
1:10
and <Hezekyah> brought forth Manasseh*; {2Kg 21: 11}
and <Manasseh*> brought forth Amon*;
and <Amon*> brought forth Yosyah;
1:11
and <Yosyah> brought forth [Yehoiakim and his brothers;
[and Yehoiakim brought forth] Yechonyah*h and his brothers {1Ch 3:15-16}
about the time of the deportation on exile to Babylon.

a 1:2-15 <Mashiah in the line from Abraham> ░░ [His family line (a genealogy) expands on His titles, ‘Son of Abraham’
and ‘Son of David’.] [Names in vv. 2-6 appearing elsewhere in NT are shaded, e.g. Abraham.]
b 1:2 brought forth ░░ [not just a son but also a descendant 1:8c, 11] /x: fathered; /x: became father of; /begat – KJV,

ASV; /begot – NKJV; [Gk. gennaō ‘beget’ (archaic) – paternal. Cf. egennēthē v. 16 ‘bear’ ‘be born’- maternal]
c 1:2 Yehudah and his brothers ░░ (Yudah/Judah) [i.e. the Twelve Tribes of Israel] [Cf. brothers Moses and Aaron,

also 'John the baptizer', his mother, Elisheba and her relative Mariam (Lk 1:5; 36) – from the Tribe of Levi ← Yaakob.]
d 1:5 Rachab ░░ (Gk. Ῥαχάβ) (‘ch’ as in ‘Bach’); /Rachab – KJV /x: Rahab – most; [Not same as ‘Rahab’ (spelt different

Gk. Ῥαὰβ), a Canaanite harlot (< inn-keeper) in OT (Raḥab ‫ רחב‬Jos 2:1-24; 6:22-25; Heb 11:31; Jam 2:25).]
e 1:5 Ruth ░░ [Israelite, returned from Moab. Not Moabitess.]
f 1:6 wife of another man ░░ [the name of adulteress Bathsheba (‘daughter of oath’) here deliberately omitted.] [David

schemed to have Uriyah, Hittite general of his own army, killed in a battle to take her.]
g 1:8 Yehoram [+] ░░ [+3 through <Ahaziah>, Y[eh]oash and <Amaziah>], {1Ch 3:11} {/mss Yeoram}
h 1:8 Yechonyah ░░ (1Ch 3:16) = Yehoiachin/Yehoiakin (Jer 24:1; 2Kg 24:8) = Coniah (Jer 22:24, 28); [‘Curse on

Coniah’ in Jer 22:24, 0 (vs. 1Ch 17:11-14) concerns only the throne of David; unrelated to the line of Mashiah.]
 From Exile to coming of Mashiah – the age of waiting for the King (//Lk Ø) 1

1:12
And after being put on the deportation to Babylon,
Yechonyah {Jer 22:30} brought forth Shealtiel
and Shealtiel brought forth Zerubbabel;

[Not in the O.T.; not in Lk]

1:13
and Zerubbabel brought forth Abiud;
and Abiud brought forth Elyakim;
and Eliakim brought forth Azor;
1:14
and Azor brought forth Tsadok;
and Tsadok brought forth Achim;
and Achim brought forth Eliud;
1:15
and Eliud brought forth Eleazar;
and Eleazar brought forth Matthan;
and Matthan brought forth Yaakob;

1:16
And Yaakob brought forth Yosef,
the husbanda of Mariam, b 6F

out of herc was born Yeshua, [→ 1:18; Lk 2:21b]

17

the one being called <Mashiah>.d [Cf. Lk 2:11] [Cf. Mt 16:16]

1:17
Thus, here all the generationse are:
from Abraham to David
— fourteen generations;
and from David until the Exile to Babylon
— fourteen generations;
and from the Exile to Babylon until the Mashiah
— fourteen generations. ◊

a 1:16 the husband ░░ [Gk. andra – male; husband] [= v. 19];

b 1:16 Mariam ░░ /Mary – in English; [very common name (e.g. for Moses’ sister – Exo 15:20)] [Like her relative
Elisheba (Lk 1:5; 36), she is NOT from the tribe of Yehudah (for the Davidic line), but from the tribe of Levi.]
c 1:16 her ░░ [= Mariam, wife of Yosef] [Gk. whom] {/him} [Cf. Gal 4:4 ‘born out of a woman’. Not ‘born of a virgin’.]

[Cf. A woman cannot be the ‘seed’ (Gk. sperma) of David (Rm 1:3; Act 13:23) for the Mashiah to come.];
d 1:16 Mashiah ░░ [Not self-designation by Yeshua. OT - one anointed by Elohim as a Davidic king for Israel.]
e 1:17 all the generations ░░<of His Lineage vv. 2-17> [Note: G-Mt’s three divisions here in the family lineage

represent three great periods in the history of the ancient Israel.] Ref. Meyer's NT Commentary
(A generation is not to be equated to a period of one’s life span, nor a period of a king’s reign.)
1:2-6a <Set of 14  From Abraham to David> - Patriarchs {//Lk 3:31b-34}
1:6b-11 <Set of 14  Solomon to Yechonyah > - Sovereign Kings (only 14 kings)
1:12-16a <Set of 14  Yechonyah to Mashiah> - Puppet-vassal State.
{Lk 3:31-34 From David to Yosef} is traced through a different line. See EE in Lk.
Annunciation to Yosef
Mt 1:18-21 (cf. Lk 1:26-38) Annunciation to Yosefa
1:18 Now, of the birth of Yeshua the Mashiah,
it came about this way:
during the time when Mariam, his mother-to-be,
had been given into marriage b to Yosef, 20F

 and, before they got together,c

it came to light that she was holding in her womb d
— it was [unbeknownst to him]
 from [the power of] holy spirit. e [→ v. 20] [← Lk 1:35]
1:19
Now, as for Yosef, her husbandf, being a just mang
and, not wishing her publicly exposed, h
he resolved to quietlyi have her putj [to be at her parent's care].
1:20
As on these matters he was mulling over,
behold! in a dream
an angel k of Adonai appeared to him — saying
27F

“Yosef, son of David¡ [cf. Rm 1:3] Do not be afraid

 to bring your wife Mariam to your side [under your roof]: l [→ 1:24]
You see, what has been brought forthm in her
 is from [the power of] holy spirit. [= v. 18; Cf. Lk 1:35] [Cf. Jn 3:8]
1:21
And she will bring forth a son!
and you’re to give the name for him — <Yeshua>
for it is he who is to delivern
the people of his own away from their sinso.”

a 1:18-25a <verses> ░░ <Annunciation to Yosef> [This is what follows <Lk 1:26-38> (Annunciation to Mariam).] G-
Mt does not record His birth itself (Lk 2:1-7).]
b 1:18 given into marriage ░░ [that is, fully married] [marriage being arranged between two families, not between two

persons]; /= espoused – KJV (- archaic); /> betrothed; /xx: engaged; /xx: promised/pledged to marry;
c 1:18 got together [+] ░░ [+ with her coming under the roof of her husband]; [NOT about ‘having conjugal relation’];

/xx: lived together – ISV; /xxx: marriage took place – NLT; /xxx: were married – JNT, CEB;
d 1:18 it came to light that she was holding in her womb ░░ />> ~ found pregnant; /x: ~ found with child - KJV;
e 1:18, 20 from [the power of] holy spirit ░░ [for divine intervention to bring forth the promised Mashiah through Yosef;

not God’s impregnating her to bring out a demi-god or god-man. Cf. Gal 6:6; 1Tm 2:5] [Cf. Jn 3:5; Lk 1:15, 45; Gal
4:29]; /xx: through the Holy Spirit; / x: by the Holy Spirit; / xx: (with the child) of the Holy Ghost – KJV; /
f 1:19 husband ░░ [= v. 16] [He was already her husband.] /xxx: husband to be – NET; /xxx: husband-to-be – JNT;
g 1:19 just ░░ [‘fair in dealing with interpersonal matters] /xx: good; />> righteous;
h 1:19 put her into public eyes ░ [as she was in a position unable to produce ‘tokens of virginity’ (Deu 22:17) by going

through chuppah in marriage celebration.] /public example – KJV; /xx: disgrace – HCSB, NET; /xx: shame – ESV;
i 1:19 quietly ░░ /x: discreetly; /xx: secretly; /xx: privately - NET; /xx: privily – KJV;
j 1:19 have her put away ░░ /put her away – KJV; /> send her away - NASB; /xxx: divorce – ESV, NIV, HSCB, NET;
k 1:20 angel ░░ [Gk. aggelos, Heb. malach ‘messenger’] [cf. *archangel]
l 1:20 take your wife Mariam to your side ░░ [not ‘take Mariam as your wife’; they were already married.]
m 1:20 brought forth ░░ [gennēthe Cf. egennēsen 1:2-16 ‘begat’] [> gennnaō ‘generate’ ‘beget’] /begotten – YLT,

Darby; /x: conceived – most (→ sullempse > sullambanō Lk 1:36); [It was after Gabriel's announcement (Lk 1:35).]
n 1:21 deliver ░░ [sozō ‘rescue’ ‘deliver’ ‘save’ ‘heal’]
o 1:21 sins ░░ [ – against God’s will revealed in the Torah, God’s Law]
Coming of Immanuel
1:22-25
1:22-23 Sign of Coming Immanuela
1:22
 Now all this happened, as in fulfillment of what was spoken
by YHWHb through the prophet, saying [← Isa 7:10-16]
1:23
[Therefore the Adonai Himself will give yoů-all a sign:]c
☼ <Behold! the maidend shall have in her wombe
and bring forth a sonf;
and shallg call him his nameh Immanueli>, {☼ Isa 7:14}
the word [in Hebrew] means, as translated, ‘With us is the Elohim’. j {☼ Isa 8:10}

1:24
And having been awakened from his sleep,
Yosef did what the angel of Adonai directed him to do:
he took his wife to his side [under his roof]; [← 1:20]
1:25
and was not knowing her k 34F

until she had given birth to a son, l {///Lk 2:7} [3 BC]

F

and Yosef gave him the namem <Yeshua>. {///Lk 2:21b} ◊

a 1: 22-23 <verses> ░░ <Sign of Immanuel> [a typical Matthean midrash/pesher on the sign which was fulfilled in OT
of coming of Immanuel (Isa 7:1-17). Not about a prophecy on the ‘*virgin birth’ – Church belief of virginal conception.]
b 1:23 YHWH ░░ [= Transliterate of Tetragrammaton (the Hebrew name of God in OT). Yahueh; Yahweh; /x: Jehovah;

LORD in OT LXX]; [Gk. anarthrous kurios (lord, master) for God in N.T. is usually rendered as Adonai, and as YHWH
where the name itself is deemed to be known to the readers.] /LORD – ALT, NLT; /x: Lord – KJV, most;
c 1:23 sign ░░ [for all the House of David to see and know] [i.e. sign of birth of a son. Not a sign of ‘virgin birth’ (‘virgin

conception’) which no one would know, see, and believe.]

d 1:23 the maiden ░░ [Heb. ha-almah] [LXX renders both Heb. words almah (maiden) and betulah ('virgin') in OT texts

as parthenos.] (Cf. She married as a virgin maiden Lk 1:27); /> the *virgin – most; /x: a virgin – KJV; / [Cf. ‘Blessed
Virgin Mary’ of Catholic tradition.]
e 1:23 hold in her womb ░░ /conceive in her womb; /x: be with child – KJV;
f 1:23 a son ░░ [of Yosef, not of God] [OT - another son to be born of the wife to the prophet Isaiah (Isa 7:3, 8:3)]
g 1:23 shall call ░░ [Gk. they shall call; Cf. MT ‘she shall call’; LXX ‘you shall call’]
h 1:23 call him ░░ /> call his name – most;
i 1:23 Immanuel ░░ /Gk. Emmanuel; [Cf. 1Ti 3:16; Jn 1:18] [The theophoric Heb. word ‘Immanuel’ is an epithet, not

a name.] [= anthropos theophoros As for Yeshua it is a ‘sign’ (as in Isa 8:18) of Elohim’s presence with His people – in
the person of Yeshua.] [≈ ‘Incarnate Logos of Elohim’ (not 'theos sarkotheis' 'God Incarnate') of Jn 1:14 //1Tm 3:16];
j 1:23 With us is the Elohim ░░ (← Isa 8:10) [meth’ hēmōn ho theos ‘With us is the God’ -) [Elohim (= God the Father

= YHWH) makes His presence to be with His people in the person of His ‘Son’ for His Kingdom. anthropos theophoros,
not god-man or demigod.] [Cf. Jn 20:28 ‘my Elohim!] /> God is with us – HCSB, NLT, GW; /xx: God with us - most;
k 1:25 not knowing her until ░░ [Not that there would be without normal conjugal relation afterwards! Cf. Catholic

'perpetual virgin' belief.]

l 1:25 a son ░░ {/mss – ‘her firstborn son’ ← Lk 2:7} [G-Mt does not record the detail of His birth (Lk 2:1-7).] [i.e., a

'son of man', not god-man or demi-god.] [Cf. 'Unto us a child is born, unto us a Son is given … ' (Isa 9:6).] [Yeshua was
born 3 B.C., 6th lunar month (Lk 2:7); (6 months after Yohanan's birth Lk 1:59).]
m 1:25 gave the name ░░ [gave the name following brit-milah (circumcision rite) on 8th day (Lev 12:3) ← Lk 2:21]
(Mt 2)
Magi’s visit
Mt 2:1-12 Magi’s visit
2:1
Now [sometime after] a Yeshua having been born
in Bethlehemb of JUDEAc [Lk 2:4, 15] during the reign of Herod the king, d
3

look! there arrived priestly magie from the eastern regionf

making their appearance in Yerusalem [+ causing no small stir there].
42F

2:2
And, [having come into the presence of Herod], this is what they said: g 43F

“Where is this One who has been born

to be a king of the Yehudim h? 4F

Yes, we’ve observed the very star i having a bearing on this king j
45F 46F

at its heliacal rising. k 47F

Indeed, [+] l we’ve come — if we could, to bring homage m to him!”

48F 49F

2:3
And when Herod the king heard it,
it stunned n him; yes, all Yerusalem with him.
50F

2:4
So, as alarmed,
he summoned all the chief priests and soferim of the people,
and began inquiring from them
where the [promised] Mashiah o was supposed to be born.
51F

2:5
And they replied him,
“In the town of Bethlehem here in JUDEA!”

a 2:1 sometime after ░░ [G-Lk tells of Yeshua’s family return to the home place (Lk 2:39) after giving a detailed
narrative on His birth in 3 BC.] [G-Mt does not tell how Yeshua’s family came to be in Bethlehem sometime later. It is
probable that for some reason they decided to have come back to live in Bethlehem.] [See BW ‘Epiphany’]
b 2:1 Bethlehem ░░ (‘house of bread’) [About 6 miles S. of Yerusalem. King David’s hometown (cf. 1Sam 17:12).];

[Cf. different from Bethlehem in ZEBULUN (= GALILEE) – Jos 19:15. 70 miles north.]
c 2:1 JUDEA ░░ [‘JUDEA proper’. Cf. Judea the Roman Province incorporated JUDEA proper, SAMARIA, and

IDUMEA, but not GALILEE, GAULANITIS, PEREA, or DECAPOLIS.]

d 2:1 *Herod the king ░░ [A vassal king under Roman rule, known in history as ‘Herod the Great’. An Idumean, not

Yehudi (‘Jew’). Reigned from 40 BC. Died 1 BC (not 4 BC) at age ≈ 70] [Cf. King of JUDEA’; ‘King of the Yehudim
(> Jews)’; King of Yisrael]
e 2:1 priestly magi ░░ [from Lat. Gk. magoi]; /wise men – most (→ in the sense of 'learned men'); (not ‘kings’) [priestly

caste in Parthia, not ‘astrologers’ ‘magicians’]

f 2:1 an eastern region ░░ [+ the Parthian Empire, in a caravan as the envoy] [2 BC] [on horses. Parthia – an

archenemy of Roman Empire which was bordered on the east] [x: the Orient]
g 2:2 they said [+] ░░ [+ We know a king is born here!];
h 2:2 King of the Yehudim ░░ /x: King of the Jews; [See 27:11 fn]; [Cf. *Yehudim vs. *Jews.]
i 2:2, 10 star ░░ [i.e. ‘wandering star’ (= planet) →Venus (Cf. ‘the morning star’ Rev 22:16). Came to their attention

by a celestial phenomenon of planetary conjunctions (of Jupiter, Venus, and Mercury), observable to star-gazers. Not
as a shining wondrous ‘bright star’ as in a legend, to be noticeable by everyone.]
j 2:2 this king [+] ░░ [+ which tells something about his coming]
k 2:2 at its heliacal rising ░░ [+ above eastern horizon]; [i.e. becoming briefly visible rising just before sunrise.] /x:

in the east – most (- being confused with v. 1 ‘from the eastern region’); [See Appendix Mt 2:2, 9 ‘Star of Bethlehem’]
l 2:2 Indeed, [+] ░░ [+ at last here we are, having taken a very long journey.]
m 2:2 bring homage to ░░ [same Greek word for ‘to worship’, in a different usage and context.] [‘worshiping’ or

‘adoration’ as such was not their purpose of coming from afar.] /x: worship – most (as if to a God??);
n 2:3 stunned ░░ [at the news brought by Rome’s archenemy for a new king of Yehudim to dethrone him.]
o 2:4 Mashiah ░░ /xx: Christ – most (of Church; anachronistic); [i.e. promised Mashiah as a king – as Herod the king

knew enough of messianic fervor going on and had a wind, but didn’t know when and where he was to be from.]
 This is what the prophet wrote:
2:6
<☼And you, you, Bethlehem in the land of Yehudah, a 52F

you are by no means least among the leaders of Yehudah:

for | out of you a leader shall come forth {☼Mic. 5:2}
☼
who shall shepherd my people, Yisrael53F> {☼2Sam 5:2b}

Magi heading to Bethlehem

2:7
Then Herod privately summoned the magi
and carefully ascertained from them
the time at which they sighted this star at its rising.
2:8
And as he was sending them off to Bethlehem, he told them:
“Go and search diligently for the child b. 54F

And when yoů have found,

report back to me so that I also may come
and bring homage c to him.” 5F

Magi arriving at Bethlehem

2:9
And having listened to the king,
they went off and set out. → Bethlehem, 6 miles due S.

— And, behold, the very star which they had seen at its initial rising
had continued its course [showing itself] in the sky
ahead of them as they moved on
until it came to a stationary point d in its course [in the sky]
56F

above [the town] e where the child was [to be located] —

57F

2:10
And seeing that very star — there it was! —
they rejoiced exceedingly with a great joy.
2:11
And, finally reached, they came into the very house f [they searched out]
58F

and saw the child with Mariam, his mother;

they fell down and prostrated to pay homage to him.
Opening their treasures, they presented to him gifts of
☼
gold g {Psa 72:15} and frankincense h{Isa 60:6} and myrrh i. {Psa 45:8; Exo 30:23}
59F 60F 61F

2:12
And as they had divinely been warned in a dream not to return to Herod,
they took another route
and went back to the country of their own. ◊

a 2:6 in the land of Yehudah ░░ [‘~ Ephrathah’ in Heb. MT; ‘~ of the House of Ephrathah’ in LXX] [Yehudah >
Yudah; />> Judah] [Cf. JUDEA = Land of Yehudah] [Bethlehem, a small insignificant town.]
b 2:8 child ░░ (paidion); [not a new born (brephos – Lk 2:16), but a small child about one-year old.]
c 2:8 bring homage to ░░ /> pay homage to; />> do obeisance to; /xx: worship – most (as if to a God?);
d 2:9 came to a stationary position ░░ [to take up its retrograde motion.]
e 2:9 [of the town] where ░░ [not ‘house’, nor just ‘place’.]
f 2:11 house ░░ [Cf. the place He was born (Lk 2:7 laid in a stall, not a manger).]
g 2:11 gold ░░ [for his kingship]
h 2:11 frankincense ░░ [for priesthood - incense offered by the High Priest in Mishkan]
i 2:11 myrrh ░░ [for entombment – prefiguring his death – Jn 19:39]
 Mt 2:13-15 Flight to Egypt
2:13 Now when they all had left,
look, an angel of Adonai appears to Yosef in a dream,
saying
“You gotta get up
and take the child and the mother with you, now!
There, flee to Egypt a 62F

and be there until I’ll tell you,

you see, Herod is going to look for the child
to get him destroyed.”
2:14
And Yosef arose and took the childb and his mother by night
and left for Egypt;
2:15
and they stayed there until Herod died.
— as in fulfillmentc of what was spoken by YHWHd through the prophet,
saying <Out of Pharaoh’s Egypt e I’ve called back my son.> f {Hos 11.1 MT} 65F

Mt 2:16-18 Children killed off at Bethlehem

2:16
Then Herod on his part on realizing
that he was outwitted by the magi,
flew into a great rage.
and sent out soldiers and had all the boys killed
in Bethlehem and in all the surrounding region,
— those two years old and under
as carefully determined
on the basis of the date he got from the magi.
2:17
Then was as fulfilledg what was spoken by Yirmeyahu h the prophet, i 6F

saying {Jer 31:15 LXX}

2:18
<A cry of anguish was heard in Ramah {in grief}
weeping and wailing!
Rachel weeping over her children
67F

[being carried off in exile].

Yes, refusing to be comforted,
because her children are there no longer with her.>
…

a 2:13 Egypt ░░ [+ then under the control of Rome as a province since BC 30 after the last Ptolemy dynasty (under
Ptolemy XV co-ruled with his mother Cleopatra VII).] [Heb. Mitsrayim (as in v. 15)]
b 2:14 child ░░ [Yeshua was about 15 month old.]
c 2:15 as in fulfilment ░░ (hina eplērōthē) [← Matthean midrash/pesher on O.T. text]
d 2:15 YHWH ░░ [= Hebrew Tetragrammaton for the name of Elohim the Most High. LORD in LXX. (Yahuweh >

Yahweh; />> *Jehovah)] [IRENT renders Gk. anarthrous kurios (‘lord’ ‘master’) as *Adonai (e.g. 1:20) or, as YHWH
where the Name is to be known and revealed to the readers]; /the Lord – KJV, most;
e 2:15 Pharaoh’s Egypt ░░ [Egypt became as a Roman Province in Mt 2:13, 14, 15, 19]
f 2:15 my son ░░ [in MT; ‘his children’ in LXX] [= ‘My people, Israel (in Exodus)’ = 2:6. Here Matthean OT midrash]
g 2:17 as fulfilled ░░ (tote eplērōthē) [← Matthean midrash/pesher on O.T. text]
h 2:17 Yirmeyahu ░░ (also 16:14; 27:9. Only in G-Mt); /Jeremiah; /
i 2:17 what was spoken by ~ the Prophet ░░ [not a prophecy]
Death of Herod; Return from Egypt
Mt 2:19-21 Death of Herod; Return from Egypt
2:19
But when Herod came to the end of his life, [1 BC]a
look, an angel of Adonai appears in a dream
to Yosef while he was in Egypt, saying
2:20
“You gotta get up
and take with you the child and his mother b! 69F

There, now, be on your way back into the land of Yisrael:

indeed, those seeking the child's life have died.”
2:21
So Yosef awoke and arose and took the child and the mother
And, returning from Egypt, came back into the land of Yisrael.
Mt 2:22-23 Settling at Nazareth
2:22
But when he heard that it’s Archelaus that was reigning
70F
c
over JUDEA
having now succeeded Herod the Great, his father
Yosef was afraid to return there.
After being divinely warned in a dream,
he turned aside into the region of GALILEE, d
2:23
and he came [back] to Nazareth, a small village [cf. Lk 2:39]
to make his home there:
— as in fulfillment of what was spoken through the prophetse
to the effect that a Nazarenef shall he be called. ⌂

a 2:19 <Death of Herod> ░░ [almost 70-year old, a few months before Passover of BC 1, not BC 4.] [Cf. A total lunar
eclipse just before his last illness (according to Josephus) – the one fallen on 9/10 Jan, BC 1 with Herod's death 18 days
later (Jan 28, BC 1)]
b 2:20 his mother ░░ [Someone’s wife in that culture is always called as ‘mother of the son’. Cf. 12:46.]
c 2:22 Archelaus ░░ [banished later by Rome with JUDEA itself under Roman governors (Pilate CE 26-37)]
d 2:23 GALILEE ░░ [Galilee, After Judea became a Roman province in 6 C.E., Galilee briefly became a part of it, then

separated from it for two to three centuries.]

e 2:23 the prophets ░░ [cf. here no corresponding text in the Prophets of O.T.]
f 2:23 Nazarene ░░ /> of Nazareth; [Gk. Nazōraios (as in Mt, Mk, Lk, Jn, Acts), a variant spelling of Nazarēnos (in Mk,

Lk).]; [Name Nazareth does not appear in O.T.]

 Yohanan prepares the path for the Mashiah
3:1 – 3:17 (Mk 1:1-8; Lk 3:1-18; Jn 1:19-28)

(Mt 3)
Yohanan the Immerser prepares the way
Mt 3:1-6 {//Mk 1:2-6, 7-8; //Lk 3:1-6} Yohanan came to the scene
3:1 And in those days, there comes on the scene Yohanan a the Immerser b 73F 74F

to begin proclaimingc [his message] in the desert-wilderness of JUDEA, d 75F

3:2
saying <Turn your heart to God’s way! e
See the Kingdom reign of the heavens f has come near g!>- [cf. 4:17]
7F F

3:3
As for him, he is in fact the very one
who was spoken of by Isaiah h the prophet {Isa 40. 3 LXX}
78F

in these words:
<A voice of one shouting out
In the wilderness
Make ready the Way for YHWHi
Make straight the paths for Him.> [cf. Mt 11:10]
3:4
Now as for this Yohanan he ☼put on clothes made of camel′s hair
and had a leather girdle around his waist, [☼2Kg 1:8 for Eliyahu]
and what he took as food was locusts j and wild honey. 79F
[//Mk 1:6]

3:5
Then came people flocking to him
— [from] Yerusalem and all over JUDEA
and the whole region adjoining the River Jordan.
3:6
And they got immersedk [for purification] by him in the River Jordan,
publicly confessing their sins. l 80F
[//Mk 1:5]

a 3:1 Yohanan ░░ (‘YHWH is gracious’); /Yoḥanan – Heb; /John – most; [here transliterated as ‘Yohanan’; IRENT
renders most others as ‘Yohan’, not as John which is now a common English name.]
b 3:1 immerser ░░ /baptizer; /Baptizer – GW, ERV, Wuest; /xx: Baptist – most, KJV, ESV, NIV, (anachronism);
c 3:1 proclaiming his message ░░ [= 4:17; not ‘preaching to repent’] – YLT; /x: preaching – most;
d 3:1 the desert-wilderness of JUDEA ░░ [‘the wilderness’ – Mk 1:4; ‘Bethany on the east side across River Jordan

(i.e. in PEREA) – Jn 1:28] [→ the place the prophet Eliyahu taken up to heaven in a chariot of fire - 2Kg 2:4-11]
e 3:2, 11 turn your heart to God’s way! ░░ > repent [Gk. metanoeō ≈ (→ God will change one’s heart to lead into

transformation (x: conversion); not ‘remorse’ ‘regret’ ‘restore’ ‘repair’.]

f 3:2 *Kingdom of the heavens ░░ [Matthean for ‘Kingdom of God’] [See 4:17 in Yeshua’s voice.]
g 3:2 has come near ░░ (imminent); /xx: is here – MSG;
h 3:3 Isaiah ░░ [Heb. Yeshayahu 'salvation of Yah']
i 3:3 the Way for YHWH ░░ [Cf. Jn 14:6 Yeshua as ‘the Way’ to the Father];
j 3:4 *locusts ░░ [edible – Lev 11:22] [called ‘desert shrimps’ BBC NEWS | Desert shrimps]
k 3:6 *immersed ░░ /x: *baptized - most (- anachronistic. Cf. ‘immersion rite’ in the Gospels is not related to the church

language ‘baptism’); [Cf. Judaic mikveh (ritual purification with full body immersion).]
l 3:6 confessing sins ░░ (into repentance); [In Judaism and O.T. ‘sins’ is in a concrete sense referring to the things

of one’s doings contrary to God’s will as revealed in the Torah.]

 Mt 3:7-10 {//Lk +3:7-9} Yohanan preaching of repentance
3:7 But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees a 81F

coming to get immersed in the river by him,

he said to them,
“Yoů brood of vipers b, who warned yoů
82F

to flee from the wrath [of God] about to come upon?

3:8
Very well then, why don’t yoů produce fruits worthy of repentance
having turned yoůr heart to God's way?
3:9
Don’t suppose yoů can comfort yourselves saying,
<We have Abraham as our ‘Father’!> c 83F

In fact, I’m telling yoů that the Elohim is able to raise up children
to Abraham out of these stone pebbles!
3:10
And even already, the axe [of God’s judgment] is poised
at the root of the trees [to be cut down]:
every tree, therefore, which is not producing good fruit
is cut down and thrown into the fire!

Mt 3:11-12 {//Mk 1:7-8; Lk 3:15-18} Yohanan’s Messianic preaching

3:11 “I, I indeed get yoů immersed d in water [for purification] e
84F

[calling] for yoů to turn your heart to God’s way :

but the One, who is coming after me, is mightier than I myself
— I’m not adequate enough even to pick up his footwear! —
that-One himself surely will immerse yoů
with holy spirit, [Cf. Jn 3:15] {even with fire f}[Lk 3:16]:
85 F

3:12
In his hand is a winnowing shovel,
and he’ll thoroughly clean up his threshing floor;
and he’ll gather his wheat into the storehouse,
but all the chaff he’ll burn up in unquenchable fire.” ◊

a 3:7 *Sadducees ░░ (also in 16:1, 6, 11, 12; 22:23,34) [the religious faction holding political power during the Second
Temple period of Judaism; colluding with the occupying Romans. Played the leading role to bring Yeshua to execution.
Yehudim of the ruling authority (> ‘Jews’) of G-John.]
b 3:7 vipers ░░ (also Mt 12:34; 23:33; Lk 3:7) [religious snakes; dangerous; calculating, capable of making decisions

on how much venom to inject.]

c 3:9 Abraham ~ our father░░ [i.e. claiming that it would make them to be God’s special chosen people, itself making

them righteous and privileged before Him.]

d 3:11 get immersed in water ░░ /baptize in water - ASV; /~ with water - KJV; [Cf. ‘with holy spirit’]
e 1:4 purification ░░ [i.e. = from repentance]
f 3:11 fire ░░ [← refining fire]
 Beginning of Yeshua’s ministry
3:13-17; 4:1-25

Yeshua immersed by Yohanan

Mt 3:13-17 {//Mk +1:9-11; //Lk 3:21-22} (cf. Jn 1:32-34) Yeshua immersed by Yohanan
3:13 Then Yeshua comes from GALILEE to the Jordan River a 86F

to Yohanan to get immersedb [in the river] by him. [cf. Heb 10:5-9]
3:14
But Yohanan{/mss} tried to hold him off, – saying
“It is I who need to be immersed by you.
Yet, here you, you are coming to me! . . .”
3:15@
But in reply Yeshua said to him,
“Yet, let it be done so now:
In this way, you see,
b
it is proper for us to fulfill all that is righteous.” [cf. 6:33]
Then, Yohanan yielded to him [to go ahead].

3:16
And after having immersed , 8F

[//Mk 1:10]
at once Yeshua came up and waded outc from the River water.
And look,
the heavens d were opened {to him} ;
90 F

and he e saw the spirit of the Elohim

91F

descending as a dove does f 92F

and coming to rest upon him [12:18b];

3:17
and look! a voiceg out of the heavens, – saying
“This is ☼My Sonh, the beloved! [17:5; Heb 1:5]
☼
I’m taking delight i in him!” {☼Isa 42:1; Psa 2:7} ⌂
93F

a
3:13 Jordan River ░░ [~ where Yehoshua took people across the river into the Promised Land – Jos 3:1]
b
3:16 immersed░░ [parallel to purification ritual of Judaism] /xx: baptized – most [of a Church ritual];
c
3:16 waded out ░░ /came out – most; /went out – KJV; [not ‘coming out from under water]
d
3:16 heavens ░░ [in symbolic language]; /x: sky – CEV, ERV;
e
3:16 he ░░ [i.e. Yeshua, not Yohanan the immerser. ≈ Jn 1:32 Yohanan saw.]
f
3:16 spirit of Elohim descending as a dove does ░░ [ ‘anointing with God’s spirit’ - Lk 4:18; Heb 1:9;
Act 4:26] [‘in the manner of a dove’; not ‘spirit is like a dove’ (dove - a common symbol for spirit).]
g
3:17 voice ░░ [i.e. of an angel – Jn 5:37]
h
3:17 Son ░░ [sealed as the Son of the Elohim. Called ‘God’s Son’ on conception Lk 1:32, 35.]
i
3:17 take delight in ░░ /> am pleased (in);
(Mt 4)
So-called 'Temptation of Jesus'
Mt 4:1-11 {//Mk 1:12-13; //Lk 4:1-13} Being put testa
Mt 4:1-2 {//Mk 1:12-13; //Lk 4:1-2}
4:1@
Then Yeshua was led out by the Spirit of the Elohim
into the [Judean] desert wilderness b
— there to bring himself put to be tested from the devil: c 9

4:2
Yes, there having fasted for ☼forty days and forty nights ; {☼Ex 34:28}
afterwards he was in hunger.

Mt 4:3-11 {//Lk 4:3-13}

4:3
And this one came to put Yeshua to test d 96F

and [bringing up a challenge] said to him,

“If really son of the Elohim e you’re, speak a command
97F

to these stones to turn into loaves of bread!”

4:4
But in reply, he said, [Ps 119]
“[You sure know that] it is written,
☼
<It is not on breadf alone that man shall live, [6:11]
98F

but on every utterance g that comes out

9F

through the mouth of the Elohim!>” {☼Deu 8:3b}

4:5
 Then the devil takes him along to the Holy City h 10 F

and has Yeshua stand on the parapet i of the Miqdash j perimeter,

10F 102F

4:6
and [in challenge] says to him,
“If really son of the Elohim you’re,
how about jumping off [from here]? k 103F

Is it not written like this? {☼Psa 91:11-12}

<☼He will order His angels
to have you protected [in all your ways];
and they will catch you up on their hands
lest you ever dash your foot against a rock>. . .”

a 4:1-11 <Being put to test> ░░ ░░ [It is not 'Temptation of Jesus' (as to seduce, entice or entrap) but Himself putting
on test. Here, Yeshua, being a mortal human – son of man, is confronted and challenged to prove who He himself is.]
b 4:1 desert wilderness ░░ [H4056 midbar – where the word of Elohim is heard]
c 4:1 the devil ░░ [‘devil’ – personified e-v-i-l – meaning ‘accuser, slanderer'.] [→ 'Satan' //Mk 1:13]
d 4:4 this one came to put Yeshua to test ░░ [1Th 3:5]; / ‘the tempter (Tempter) came’ – most; /
e 4:3 son of the Elohim ░░ (Gk. ‘son of the God’); /x: the son of God; [cf. Yeshua as the Son of the Elohim ← Mt 3:16

//Mk 1:11 //Lk 3:22]

f 4:4 bread ░░ [figurative for ‘nourishment’ ‘what is eaten for subsistence’] [Cf. 6:11]
g 4:4 utterance ░░ /x: word – most; /> what God says – ERV; /
h 4:5 the Holy City ░░ [that is, Yerusalem (//Lk 4:9).]
i 4:5 parapet ░░ [On the Temple perimeter at the southeast corner where it looms directly over a cliff, some 450 feet

drop to the bottom of Kidron valley. Shofar blowing was from there.]
j 4:5 Miqdash ░░ [Gk. hieros]; /Temple;
k 4:6 jumping off from here [+] ░░ [+ It will be wonder-making. People will flock to you in no time as a Conquering

hero, a Superman, a god. Let me see here whether I can find something to quote too . . .]
 4:7@
Yeshua said to the devil, a
“Again, it is written,
<☼You shall not test b out YHWH c your Elohim.>” {☼Dt. 6:16} d
104F 105F 106F

4:8
 Again , the devil takes him along to a very high mountain
and shows him all the kingdoms [of all the time] of the world
and their glory;
4:9
and [in challenge] says to the devil, e 107F

“All these things! I’m going to give you

if you [just] fall down and
do prostrate f yourself before me!”
108F

4:10
Then Yeshua says to the devil,
“Be gone {from me} [cf. 16:23], you Satan g¡ 109F

for | it is written, {☼Dt. 6:13}

<☼ It is YHWH your Elohim — you shall worship h 10F

and to Him onlyi — you shall render sacred service!>”

1F

4:11
Then the devil leaves him,
[//Mk 1:13b; //Lk Ø]

and look! angels from abovej came and began to attend him. ⌂

a
4:7, 10 the devil ░░ /it; /he – most; [The English pronoun ‘he’ for the devil gives a wrong personification.]
b
4:7 test out ░░ [ekpeirazō – into provocation; cf. peirazō ‘put on test’]
c
4:7, 10 YHWH ░░ (See 2:15 etc.) [/Yahuweh; /> Yahweh; /Jehovah]
d
4:7 ~ Elohim [+] ░░ [+ I’m trusting Him and honor His name.]
e
4:9 says to him [+] ░░ [+ Let’s put aside who you are.]
f
4:9 prostrate before ░░ [proskuneō] /> worship – most [- different nuance and usage];
g
4:10 *satan ░░ [meaning ‘adversary’]
h
4:10 worship ░░ [proskuneō as in Deu 6:13 LXX; cf. ‘fear, revere’ in MT].
i
4:10 only ░░ [not in OT text]
j
4:11 angels from above ░░ [= of Adonai/YHWH (> the Lord) Lk 1:11]
 In GALILEE 4:12-17
Home base – Capernaum in Galilee
Mt 4:12 {//Mk +1:14a; Lk 4:14a} Back to Galilee
4:12 Now, having heard that Yohanan the Immerser got
delivered up into prison a, 12F

Yeshua took himself back to Galilee ; [//Lk 4:14a]

Mt 4:13-16 {//Lk 4:31} (cf. Mk 1:21a) Settle at Capernaum

4:13
Further, leaving [his home town of] Nazareth there behind,
he came and settled at KepharNahum b by the Galilee Lake
13F

— in the territories of the tribes Zebulun and Naphtali: c 14F

4:14
It is as in fulfillment of what was spoken
through Isaiah the prophet,
saying {☼Isa 9. 1ff}
4:15
<☼The land of Zebulun
and the land of Naphtali
— the ‘Way of the Great Sea’ d traverses through it;
15F

The land on this side across the Jordan River,

Galilee of the Gentiles!
4:16
The people dwelling in darkness
has seen a great light
and to those dwelling in a region in the shadow of death,
light has dawned to them.> ◊

a
4:12 prison ░░ [+by Herod Antipas] (who was ruling Galilee and Perea) [Cf. //Lk 3:19-20 (a flash-back
in the narrative)]
b
4:13 KepharNahum ░░ (8:5) /> Capernaum; [+ on its northwest coast – one of few major cities in Galilee
– to base His ministry of proclaiming the Kingdom reign of God.];
c
4:13 Zebuluan and Naphtali ░░ [+ in the old days of Israel before the Exile era]; [Of the Twelve Tribes
of Israel (Gen 35:23-26; Exo 1:1-4; 1Ch 2:1-2); Zebulun is tenth son of Yaakob (sixth from Leah).
Naphthali is second son of Yaakob from Bilhah, maidservant of Raḥel (2:18)]
d
4:15 the Way of the Great Sea ░░ [= ‘Via Maris’ = ‘the way of the land of Philistines’ (Exo 13:17) = a
major ancient trade route along the Great Sea (Mediterranean Sea, not the Lake Galilee); from Egypt coming
up, it bifurcates before going up through Galilee.] ○
M
Part II (4:17 – 16:12) His Proclamation

PART II
4:17 – 16:12 His Proclamation

Proclaiming the Kingdom reign of the heavens

Mt 4:17 (Cf. Mk 1:5) Repent!
4:17
From that time on, Yeshua began proclaiming [in public], saying [+] a 16F

“Turn your heart to God’s way!b

See that the Kingdom reign of the heavens c is here!” [→ 10:7] ⌂ 18F

Calling Shimon, Andrew, Yaakob and Yohan

Mt 4:18-22 {//Mk 1:16-20}; (cf. Lk 5:1-11 cf. Jn 1:35-51) His first disciples are called
4:18 And [+Yeshua went off in search and],
walking down alongside the shore of the sea d of GALILEE,
19F

there, his eyes fell on two brothers —

 Shimon e, the one is [+ later to be] called ‘Kefa’ f,
120F 12F

 and Andrew, his [+ younger] brother.

Being ☼fishermen, rough and rugged g, they were occupied
12F

with casting a large fishing-net into the sea.

4:19
And he says to them,
“Come after me, yoů all!
I’m going to make fishermen [of a different kind] out of yoů
Yea, [+] h bringing in people — no, not fish anymore i!”
123F 124F

4:20
And at once, having left [all] the fishing-nets behind [cf. 10:37]
[that belonged to them], they came to follow him. [cf. 19:27]

a
4:17 saying! [+] ░░ [+ as Yohanan used to proclaim] [Cf. 3:2]
b
4:17 turn you heart ░░ [See 3:2 in Yohanan’s voice.] /> repent – most;
c
4:17 *Kingdom reign of the heavens ░░ [Matthean unique expression; Cf. ‘Kingdom of Elohim’] [It is
God’s reign, the reality to belong to and at the core message of the Gospel – not with rule but with love and
shalom. It is not a place to go (e.g. after death)] [See 5:3 EE. Cf. 3:2 by Yohanan the Immerser.]
d
4:18 sea ░░ (Gk. thalassa ‘*sea, *lake’) [Sea of Galilee = Lake Gennesaret (Heb. Kinneret) Lk 5:1]
e
4:18 Shimon ░░ /> Simon; [Yeshua called him by this Hebrew name, not by his Gk. name ‘Peter’.]
f
4:18 Kefa ░░/> Peter; [Given to Shimon by Yeshua near the end of His ministry (Mt 16:18). Since he was
not called by the Greek word Petros, IRENT renders all as Kefa throughout. This Aramaic word itself,
meaning ‘stone’ ‘rock’, appears only in G-Jn (1x) and Pauline Epistles.]
g
4:18 fishermen, rough and rugged [+] ░░ [+ making their living on it] {☼ Ezk 47:10}
h
4:19 Yea, [+] ░░ [+ From now on yoů all are going to work]
i
4:19 people — no, not fish any more [+] ░░ [+working as hard as now]; /x: (become) fishers of men;
 4:21@
And going on from there,
he saw two others who were also brothersa —
 Yaakob b the son of Zebedee, and
125F

 Yohan c his brother,

126F

in the small-ship mending their nets with Zebedee, their father.

And Yeshua called them.
4:22
And at once leaving the ship behind to their father
they [too] set out to follow him. ◊

Galilean Ministry 4:18 – 16:12

Beginning ministry in Galilee

Mt 4:23-25 (cf. Mk 1:39; Lk 4:44; 4:14-15) Ministry in Galilee - First tour
4:23
And Yeshua went around the whole GALILEE,
teaching in the synagogues of the peopled
and proclaiming the Good News of the Kingdom reign [3:2; → 5:3-16]
and healing every kind of disease
and every kind of infirmity among the people.
4:24
And his refutation e [of honor] spread to all the people f
127F 128F

and they brought to him

all those  sick suffering from various diseases and afflictions,
and those are  demon-afflicted,g
and  epileptic,
and  paralytic,
— and he cured them.
4:25
Thus, large crowds followed him
from GALILEE and DECAPOLIS [— places of the Gentiles]
and from Yerusalem and JUDEA
and from [PEREA, that is, to the east] across the Jordan River. ◊

a 4:21 brothers ░░ [sons of Zebedee. Cf. their mother - 20:20; 27:56]

b 4:21 Yaakob ░░ /Yaakov; /Jacob; /xx: James [See GG]
c 4:21 Yohan ░░ /John; [Cf. ‘Yohanan’ for the Immerser and ‘Yohan’ for all others in IRENT]
d 4:24 of the people ░░ /> their – most;
e 4:24 refutation ░░ (akoē) (also 14:1); /x: story; /> report; /> news; /> fame; /
f 4:24 the people ░░ [emended based on Hebrew Gospel of Matthew (du Tillet text)]; /Syria – most; [SURIA – a large

Roman province of from BC 64 to CE 636 (Antioch, its capital). Merged with Iudaea into Syria Palaestina in CE 135.]
g 4:24 demon-afflicted ░░ (afflicted with demonic spirit); /> *demon-possessed; /xx: possessed with devils – KJV;
(Mt 5)

So-called ‘Sermon on the Mount’ a 5:1 – 7:27 130F

This segment of the text (Ch. 5, 6, and 7) is large unlike a parallel G-Luke (‘so-called Sermon
on the Plane’). That makes it to deserve to be read separately as well from the rest of the Gospel.
For IRENT Readers Edition only, it is taken out as a separate file attached to the main pdf file,
in order to keep the main narrative flow contiguous.
(This is similar to the treatment of three chapters of G-John Ch. 15, 16, & 17.)
See the Appendix at the end for a comparison of G-Mt and G-Lk pericopes.

Mt 5:1-2 (cf. Lk 6:17-19) Setting of the Sermon

5:1 And seeing the people there,
Yeshua went up to the mountainside.
And when he came to sit down
his disciplesb gathered around him. [cf. 13:11]
5:2 ☼ Opening his mouth Yeshua began ☼teaching them:
<<Blessed ones belonging to God’s Kingdom reign>> 5:3-16

‘God’s poor people’

Mt 5:3-10 {//Lk 6:20} God’s Poor Ones: Beatitudesc
5:3
“Blessed [and honored] are ☼the God’s
d poore
ones [☼Ps 41:1; 140:12; Isa 61:1]
— [blessed are they] as to spirit! f! [cf. Lk 4:18a]
because theirs is
the Kingdom reigng of the Heavens to belong. [←4:23; → 5:10b]

a 5:1-7:27 <So-called ‘Sermon on the Mount’> ░░ [An extensive collection of Yeshua’s teachings is put in one place
here (Mt 5, 6, and 7), coming right after the start of Yeshua’s ministry in Galilee.]
[In contrast to G-Mt of this extensive collection of Yeshua’s teaching here in (Mt 5, 6, and 7) the parallel pericope in
G-Luke (Lk 6:20-49) has much a smaller amount of material gathered up in Ch. 6. See Appendix for comparison with
the parallel G-Lk pericope; the title ‘Sermon on the Plain’ is a misnomer)]
[It is not for prescriptive ethics for us – toward for righteousness and blessedness on our own effort and merit. Instead,
it is descriptive of what those children of God belonging to the God’s kingdom reign be like.]
b 5:1 disciples ░░ [life-committed learners to a teacher-master. (Heb. talmidim - pupils, students. Etym. related to

Talmud).]
c 5:3 <God’s Poor ones, the blessed> ░░ <*Beatitudes>, which G-Lk has in a less complete form (Lk 6:20-26), is not

about ‘be-happy attitudes’, about prescript for ‘happiness’, or even ‘how to get blessed’.] The traditional grouping 5:3-
10 is divided in IRENT into <A> [v. 3 God’s poor ones belong to the Kingdom reign of the heavens, and <B> [vv. 4-
10 Their characters].
d 5:3 blessed [and honored] ░░ [favored]; /x: happy; /x: fortunate; /x: it will be well; /x: will be blessed; /x: (God)

will bless; /[Cf. in contrast to Lk 6:24-26 ‘Shame Accusations’. Cf. Mt 23:13-32.]

e 5:3 the God’s poor ones ░░ [‘poor soul’, not ‘poor spirit’] {☼Isa 29:19; 61:1; Ps 40:7} [cf. Lk 4:18; Jam 2:5] [“the

ones whom God has to care of their needs and who are totally dependent on God” - ☼Isa 29:19; 61:1; Ps 14:6; 40:4,
17] [cf. politically-economically oppressed class]; (‘blessed not because they are poor’); /x: humble;
f 5:3 (blessed) as to spirit ░░ [in contrast to their ‘soul’.] [not ‘*poor in spirit’ ‘spiritually poor’ ‘blessed if their spirit

is poor’] (Cf. Act 18:25) (the phrase not in //Lk 6:20.) [Thematically it construes to ‘blessed’; this all through to v. 10]
[blessed, i.e. ‘rich’ in spirit, not ‘impoverished’]; />> poor in spirit – most;
g 5:3, 10b *Kingdom of the heavens ░░ [←4:23] [5:10b; 6:10, 33] [= God’s Kingdom; not a place, but God’s reign

realized in the person of Yeshua himself, not to rule but to love with shalom] [‘*Heavens’ – Hebraism for ‘Elohim’.]
(Ch. 5,6,7) – Sermon on the Mount’ - See the separate attached file

Here, the text is continued in the separate file to come back to its epilogue below.

Epilogue of the Sermon of the Mount

<<Epilogue>>

Mt 7:28 – 29 (cf. Mk 1:22; Lk 4:32)

7:28
And it came to be
when Yeshua had finished these words,
the multitudes were shocked [and overwhelmed]
being astounded at his teaching:
7:29
because he taught them as one having authority [of his own]
and not like their soferim a.◊29F

(Mt 8)
Mt 8:1
8:1 And when Yeshua had come down from the mountain,
large crowds followed him.

Collected series of God’s mighty works by Yeshua b

Healing 1 - a leper
Mt 8:2-4 {//Mk 1:40-45; //Lk 5:12-16} Healing 1 - a leper
8:2
And behold, a ☼
leper came up
and prostrated himself before him,
– saying “Master¡ if you only wish to,
you can ☼make me clean.”
8:3
And Yeshua stretched out his hand
and grasped the leprous, saying
“I do! Be you made clean!”
At that he was at once cleansed of his leprosy.
8:4
And Yeshua says to him,
“See that you tell no one [on the way];
Instead, go off [straight], and ☼let the priest examine you [Lev 14:2]
and then present the offering which Moses had laid down
as a proof to them that you are clean.” ◊

a7:29 soferim ░░ [+ who had to authenticate their teachings by the authority.]

b8:2 – 9:34 <God’s mighty works> ░░ [10 healings and 1 stilling the Lake] [Gk. dunamis - ‘power’, ‘might’; ‘mighty
deed’] [supra-natural by Elohim. Not ‘miracle’ ‘supernatural feat’ or ‘breaking natural law’] [See 11:20]
Healing 2 - Centurion’s faith
Mt 8:5-10 {//Lk 7:1-10} Healing 2 -Centurion’s faith
8:5 And when Yeshua entered KepharNahum , 231F
a

a [Roman officer] centurion b there came to him.

23F

And, pleading with him,

8:6
he said:
“Sir¡ my junior officer c is lying at home paralyzed,
23F

suffering terribly.”
8:7
And Yeshua says to him,
“I will come and give him cure, shall I now?”
8:8
And in reply the centurion said,
“Sir¡ I′m not worthy enough to have you
even come under my roof!
Instead, let just the word of command be spoken [in your authority],
and then my servant shall be divinely-healed instantly!
8:9
You see, I myself [know well what it means to]
be placed under the authority d. 234F

Having under myself [a hundred] soldiers:

yes, I [only need to] say to this one, <Go>
there he goes,
and to another, <Come>
here he comes,
and to my junior officer, <Do this>
then he does it.”
8:10
And when Yeshua heard it, he was shocked
and said to those who followed,
“Indeed! I’m telling yoů that
in the whole Yisrael I have not found
anyone with such great faith e [as he did put on me] !
235F

Mt 8:11-12 (cf. Lk 16:22-23)

8:11
And I’m telling yoů: that many will come
from both east and west
and will take their places in the [Mashiah] banquet
with Abraham and Isaac and Yaakob,
in the Kingdom reign of the heavens.

a 8:5 KepharNahum ░░ (‘town of Nahum’); (4:13); /> Capernaum; [on the northwest coast of Lake Galilee – one of
few major cities in Galilee.]; [Here at the start Yeshua based his ministry of proclaiming the Kingdom reign of God]
b 8:5 centurion ░░ [Roman officer commanding about 80 soldiers.]
c 8:6 junior officer ░░ /servant – most; /servant-boy; /orderly – JNT; / [Cf. Jn 4:46 ‘royal officer’s son’.]
d
8:9 placed under the authority [+] ░░ [+ as you are under the authority of your Father]
e
8:10 faith ░░ [not abstract ‘*faith (in God)’ ‘(religious) belief’ but ‘trust’]
 8:12
Yet, as for those sons born to the Kingdom reign, a 236F

[many] will rather find themselves thrown out

into the darkness outside b [22:13] 237F

— there shall be their weeping and wailing!”

8:13
And Yeshua said to the centurion,
“Go on your way! Just as you have put faith [in me],
let it be done for you!”
And his servant-boy was divinely-healed
at that very hour. ◊

Healing 3 - Kefa’s mother-in-law

Mt 8:14-15 {//Mk 1:29-31; //Lk 4:38-39} Healing 3 - Kefa’s mother-in-law
8:14 And Yeshua, having come into the house of Kefa,
saw Kefa’s mother-in-law sick in bed with a fever.
8:15
And he grasped her hand
and the fever left her,
and she got up on her feet and began to attend him. ◊

Healing 4 – a demon-afflicted
Mt 8:16-17 {//Mk +1:32-34; //Lk +4:40-41} Healing 4 – A demon-afflicted
8:16
And when it became evening, c
they brought to him many who were demon-afflicted
and he cast the [demonic] spirits out [of them]
— with a word [of his authority]
and healed all who were sick:
8:17
So that it might be [seen] as fulfilled which was spoken
through Isaiah the prophet,
saying <he himself took away our infirmities
and carried away our sicknesses.> {Is. 53:4}
…◊

Narrative – Would-be followers of Him

Mt 8:18 {//Mk +4:35}
8:18 Now when Yeshua saw large crowds around him,
he gave an order to set out
to cross to the other side of the Lake on the east. [⇨v. 23⇨v.28]

Mt 8:18-22 {//Lk 9:57-62} Narrative: Would-be followers

8:19
There, a sofer, came to him and said,
“Teacher¡ I’ll follow you wherever you go!”
8:20
And Yeshua says to him,
“The foxes have dens
and the birds of the sky have nests;
but what does this Son-of-man have?

a 8:12 kingdom [+] ░░ [+when they are found no putting their trust on the coming Mashiah]; [cf. v. 10]
b 8:21 into the darkness outside ░░ [i.e. ‘into the dark outside the banquet’. Not ‘(the) outer darkness’.]
c 8:16 evening ░░ [Biblical day begins at sunrise, not sunset. Sabbath rest ends at sunset.]
 Not a spot to lay down his head [for tonight]!”
8:21
And another man, one of {his} disciples, said to him,
“Master¡ it is for my [deceased] father
[that I have one thing yet to take care of].
Please allow me first go
and see his final burial be done soon
[before I set out to follow you].”
8:22
But Yeshua replied to him,
“Keep on following me.
Yes, as for those [living with the] dead ones —
let them take care of burying their own dead ones.” ◊
Stilling the stormy sea
Mt 8:23-27 {//Mk 4:35-41; //Lk 8:22-25} DUNAMIS: Stilling the Lake
8:23 And as he stepped onto the small ship,
his disciples followed him.
8:24
And, look, a great agitation occurred in the sea,
[+ by windstorm rushing down from the Golan Heights],
so that the ship was being covered by the billows,
Yeshua himself, however, was found sleeping soundly.
8:25
And the disciples made themselves come over
and woke him up – saying
“Master¡ help! We are about to perish!”
8:26
And he says to them,
“Why are yoů faint-hearted?
O what little faith a yoů have!”
238F

Then he got up and rebuked the winds and the sea,

and there became a great calm over the sea.
8:27
And the hmen were astounded, exclaiming,
“What sort of man is this?
Even the winds and the sea obey him!” ◊
Healing 5 - Gerasene demoniacs & swineherd
Mt 8:28-34 {//Mk +5:1-20; //Lk +8:26-39} Healing 5 -Gerasene Demoniacs
8:28 And when he got to the other side after crossing the Lake to the east. [← v. 17]
into the region of the Gerasenes b [in northernmost DECAPOLIS],
there came upon him two demon-afflicted men,
coming out from a cemetery areac.
((They were so violent that no one could pass by that road.))
8:29
And, look, they screamed out these words

a 8:26 faith ░░ [it is ‘putting trust’ (21:21) of their personal relation to Him; not same as ‘conviction’ ‘firm belief’ that
they will be rescued.]
b 8:28 Gerasenes ░░ (Gerasene people) as in //Mk 5:1; Lk 8:26; [Prob. modern Kheras on E shore of the Lake, 12

miles N. of Gadara.] {/Gergeseness – KJV} {/Gadarenes - most}

c 8:28 cemetery area ░░ /tombs - most; [Cf. mnēmeion (Mt 23:39) vs. tafos (Mt 23:27)];
 “What is it to us and to you,
O {Yeshua}, son of the Elohim?
Have you come here to have us tormented
before the appointed-time?”
8:30
Now, some distance off from them
was a large herd of swine being fed there.
8:31
And the demonic spirits a pleaded with Yeshua, – saying
“If you are going to throw us out,
send us off [to get] into the herd of swine.”
8:32
And he said to them, “Off yoů go!”
And they came out and off went into the herd of swine
and, look,
the whole herd of swine rushed down the stiff-bank into the lake
and got drowned in the waters.
8:33
And those swine-herders ran off, and, gone into the town,
they reported the whole thing,
including what had happened to those demon-afflicted men.
8:34
And look, the whole town came out to confront Yeshua
and, when they saw him,
they pleaded him to get away from their region. ◊
(Mt 9)
Mt 9:1 {//Mk 2:1} (Cf. Lk 5:17) <Connector>
9:1 And he boarded the ship and crossed over to the west
and came back over to the town serving for his base [KepharNahum] .
Healing 6 – a paralytic
Mt 9:2-8 {//Mk +2:2-12; //Lk +5:18-26} Healing 6 - a paralytic
9:2
And look! people brought to him a man, a paralytic,
lying on a stretcher
and Yeshua seeing their faith said to the paralytic man,
“Have courage, son, your sins b are forgiven!”
240F

9:3
And look, some of the soferim said among themselves,
“This man is blaspheming [Elohim]!” c 241F

9:4
And Yeshua knowing{/mss} their thoughts said,
“ . . . Why do yoů harbor [such] evil [thoughts]
in yoůr minds?
9:5
After all, which is easer
— to tell <Your sins are forgiven>,
or to tell <Get up on your feet and walk>?

a 8:31 demonic spirits ░░ /> demons; [Cf. named ‘Legion’ (a large unit of a Roman troop) in Mk 5:9; Lk 8:30]
b 9:2 sins ░░ [sins of breaking God’s law]
c 9:3 <verse> ░░ [Mk 2:7 //Lk 5:21 add <Who can forgive sins except God alone?!>]
 9:6
Now, in order that yoů may come to know this
and be proven to yoů —
that the Son-of-man has full authority [given from the Elohim]
on earth to forgive sins. . .”
then at this point he says to the paralytic:
“Get up! [Yes] … on your feet!
Pick up your stretcher …
And, [there you are], go, head home!”
9:7
And having arisen,
he went off to his home.
9:8
On witnessing this, the crowds there were filled with awe{/mss}
and glorified the Elohim who had given such authority to men. ◊
Narrative: Call of Matthew
Mt 9:9-13 {//Mk +2:13-17; //Lk +5:27-32} Narrative: Mattityahu was called
9:9 And passing by from there,
Yeshua saw a man named Mattityahu a, 24F

seated at his tax-booth

and he says to him,
“Be a follower of me! . . .”
And he got up and followed him.
9:10
And it came to be,
as he reclined at a meal in the house,
look, many tax-profiteers and outcast sinners b came 24F

and reclined with Yeshua and his disciples.

9:11
And when the Pharisees saw it, they said to his disciples,
“How come yoůr teacher don’t mind taking meals at all
with a bunch of those tax-profiteers and outcast sinners?”
9:12
But, having heard this, Yeshua responded to them,
“Those who need a healer are not the strong,
but those sick.
9:13
Then, [+ this is what yoů should do] :
Go and learn what this means, {☼Hos. 6:6 LXX}
☼
< What I desire is mercy [from yoů] to others—
and not [merely] animal sacrifice offering to me.> [12:7][23:33]
Yoů see, I came to call and invite to me
— not those of righteous virtue
but outcast sinners {to turn their hearts to God’s ways}c.” [cf. 1Tm 1:15] ◊

a 9:9 Mattityahu ░░ /> Matthew – most; (Heb. ‘Gift of Yah’); (‘tax-profiteer’ in Mt 10:3); [= ‘Levi’ – Lk 5:27; Mk
2:14] [Does not appear in G-John.]
b 9:10 outcast sinners ░░ /> *sinners; [Refers to a class of people in Judaic society who failed to keep the Torah. Not

Gentiles or unbelieving people.]; [tax-profiteers are lumped with them in the society]
c 9:13 to turn their heart ░░ /> into repentance – most;
 Narrative: on keeping fastings; hard to accept new teaching
Mt 9:14-17 {//Mk +2:18-22; //Lk +5:33-39} On keeping fastings; Old vs. New
9:14
Then the disciples of Yohanan come to Yeshua, – saying
“Why is it that we on our part and the Pharisees
keep fastings {often},
but your disciples don’t seem to keep at all?”
9:15
And Yeshua said to them,
“How can the bridegroom’s attendants to mourn
while the bridegroom is still with them?
But the days will come
when the bridegroom is taken away from them;
then they’ll have such fasting [in mourning] .
9:16
But no one sews a patch of un-shrunk cloth
onto an old garment;
yoů see, it will shrink and pull away from the garment
and make a tear worse than before.
9:17
Nor do they put new wine [to be made] a 245F

into old stiff wineskins:

or else the wineskins burst [as it gets fermented up]
and the wine being made is spilled
and the wineskins are ruined:
No, they put new wine fresh to be made
into renewed supple wineskins
then both [wine and wineskin] are preserved together.”

Healing 7 & 8 – Ya’ir’s daughter & a woman

Mt 9:18-26 {//Mk 5:21-43; //Lk 8:40-56} Healing 7, 8 – Ya′ir’s daughter & a woman
9:18 While Yeshua was speaking these things to them,
look! Here comes a certain synagogue presiding officer b 246F

and prostrated herself at him, – saying

“My daughter has just died:
but do come and lay your hand upon her and she will live.”
9:19
And Yeshua got up and set out to follow him
and so did his disciples.

a
9:17 new wine to be made ░░ [i.e. freshly squeezed grape juice to be fermented]
b
9:18 presiding officer ░░ [unnamed here = Ya′ir (> Jairus) in //Mk 5:22 //Lk 8:41].
 9:20 And look! there comes a woman,
having suffered from a ‘flow of blood’ a for twelve years,
247F

approaching from behind him

and grasped the tassel of his robe b: 248F

9:21
She said to herself, yoů see,
<If I only grasp his robe, I’ll get well.>
9:22
But Yeshua turned around, and when he saw her, he said,
“Have courage, dear daughter¡
your faith has made you whole.”
And the woman was made-well from that hour.
9:23 Then, when Yeshua came
to the synagogue presiding officer's house
and saw the flute-players [hired to play dirges]
and the crowd making noise and ado,
9:24
he says to them,
“Get out of the way!
Yoů see,
the little-girl is not dead, only resting in sleep.”
And they chuckled scornfully at him.
9:25
But after the crowd was shoved out,
he entered and took hold of her hand
— there the little-girl got up!
9:26
And this report spread throughout that region.

Healing 9 - two blind men

Mt 9:27-31 (cf. Mt 20:29-34=Mk 10:46-52 = Lk 18:35-43) Healing 9 - Two blind
9:27 And as Yeshua went on from there,
two blind men followed him,
shouting out <Have pity on us, son of David¡>
9:28
And when Yeshua reached the house he was making,
the blind men did [make it to] come close to him.
There he says to them,
“Do yoů believe I’m able to do it?”
They say to him, “We do, sir¡”
9:29
Then he touched their eyes, – saying
“Just as yoů believe c so be it done to yoů!”
249F

a
9:20 ‘flow of blood’ ░░ [= uterine bleeding (a common affliction of women) which makes her ritually
'unclean', which, in turn, makes anyone touching her also ritually unclean, obligating themselves to go
through 'purification rites'. Cf. Lev 15:25.]
b
9:20 tassel ~ robe ░░ [‘tassel’ = Heb. tzitizit, not hem or fringe] [‘robe’ refers to Heb. tallit]; See GG.
c 9:29 just as you believe ░░ /x: according to your faith – most; /
 9:30
And there,
their blind ☼eyes were opened up!
And Yeshua sternly-charged them, – saying
“See! — Make sure no one gets to know
[about what I have done for yoů] .”
9:31
However, as soon as they took off from there
they spread it all over that region.

Healing 10 – a man with mutism

Mt 9:32-34 Healing 10 - a man with mutism
9:32 And as Yeshua and others were leaving,
look!
There brought to him
was a man demon-afflicted with mutism:
...
9:33
And when the demonic spirit got driven out,
the man spoke!
And the crowds were astonished, exclaiming
“Nothing like this has ever seen in Yisrael!
9:34
{But the Pharisees said,
“It is obvious. By [the power of] the chiefa of the demonic spirits
he’s casting demonic spirits out!”}◊
..

Second Section of Teaching

Mt 9:35 (cf. Mk 6:6b; Lk 8:1a) Narrative resumed [‘inclusio’ w/ 4:23-25]

9:35 And Yeshua went through all the towns and the villages,
teaching in the synagogues of the people there
and proclaiming b the Good News of the Kingdom [reign of the heavens]
250F

and healing all kinds of disease

and all kinds of infirmity {among the people}. ◊

a
9:34 chief ░░ (archon); /x: leader; /x: prince; /x: ruler; /
b
9:35 proclaiming ░░ /x: preaching;
 Sending out His Disciples

9:36 – 10:4 Twelve chosen

10:5 – 42 Instruction

Mt 9:36 (cf. Mk 6:34)

9:36 But seeing the crowds, he was moved with pity over them,
because they were wearied
and left out unattended like ☼sheep without a shepherd.{☼Ezk 34:5; Nm 27:17}

Mt 9:37-38 (Lk 10:2)

9:37
Then he says to his disciples,
“A huge harvest indeed,
but how few laborers!
9:38
So, yoů must turn to the Master of the harvest
and plead to thrust out laborers into his harvest!”

(Mt 10)
Twelve chosen
Mt 10:1-4 {//Mk 3:13-19; //Lk 6:12-16} Twelve chosen
10:1 ☼ a
Thus, having called his twelve disciples to him, 251F

he gave to them [power and] authority over unclean spirits b, 25F

to cast them out

and also to cure all kinds of disease
and all kinds of infirmity.
10:2
These are the names of the Twelve of those to be sent out c:[Cf. Act 1:13] 253F

● First, Shimon, so-called Kefa, and

● Andrew his brother;

● Yaakob BarZebedee and

● Yohan his brother;

10:3
● Philip, and
● BarTalmai;

● Thomas, and
● Mattityahu d the tax-profiteer e;
254F 25F

a
10:1 the twelve disciples ░░ (Also in 20:17) [also called ‘the twelve those to be sent out (apostles)’ (10:2)
and simply ‘the twelve’ (20:47; 26:14).] [Only appears as ‘the Twelve’ in G-Jn, G-Mk, and G-Lk] [= thematic
counterpart in New Covenant to the Twelve Tribes of Yisrael (s. 19:28) of the Old Covenant].
b 10:1 unclean spirits ░░ (12:43) [unclean = ‘defiling’; cf. ‘evil spirits’ only in G-Lk and Acts]
c 10:2 those to be sent out ░░ [on mission from Yeshua] [Gk, emissary, envoy, missionary] [Mt 10:2; Mk 6:30; 3:14

v.l. and Lk 6:13; 9:10; 11:49; 17:5; 22:14; 24:10.]

d 10:3 Mattityahu ░░ (Mattithyahu) /> Matthew – most. (See 9:9)
e 10:3 *tax-profiteer ░░ /tax collector – most; [despised by people for profiting on the tribute collected for the Romans.

[= Levi (Lk 5:27); Cf. chief tax-profiteer Zakkai (> Zacchaeus) (Lk 19:2).]
 ● Yaakob BarHalfai, and
● {Lebbaeus who was called} Thaddaeus;

10:4
● Shimon the Zealot a, and
256F

b
● Judas the Iscariot, the one who is in fact to betray him.
257F

Sending out the Twelve

Mt 10:5-15 {//Mk 6:7-13; //Lk 9:1-6} (Cf. seventy sent Lk 10:1-12) Sending out the Twelvec
10:5-8 {//Mk 6:8-9; //Lk 9:3}
10:5 Y
eshua were sending out these twelve [⇨14:12b their return]
with the following instructions:

“[What yoů on yoůr part have to do right now

while yoů’re with me, I’ll tell you:]
Go nowhere into the road of the Gentile cities
and into none of towns of the Samaritans [+]d:
10:6
but [as for yoů now] instead make yoůr way
to the ☼lost sheep, [☼Jer 50:6, 17] ☼House of Yisrael [15:24]. e
10:7
And as yoů go, proclaim f – saying259F

<The Kingdom reign of the heavens has come near.> [← 4:17; → 11:1]
10:8
Heal sick ones,
{raise dead ones}, cleanse lepers, cast out demonic spirits.

a 10:4 Zealot ░░ [also in //Mk 3:18 Gk. Kananaios from Aramic. Cf. = //Lk 6:15 Zēlōtes]; /xx: Canaanite- KJV, etc. /x:
Cananaean – NRSV;
b 10:4 Judas ░░ [Names Yudah, Yehudah, Judah, Jude and Judas are same in Hebrew and Greek. IRENT retained “J’

for Judas the Betrayer only to help distinguish among many.]

c 10:5-15 <Sending out the Twelve> ░░ [Rather than founding a “new” Israel as a replacement for “old” Israel, the

appointment of the Twelve signaled the restoration of the twelve tribes and a redemption for all of Israel]
d 10:5 don’t go there [+] ░░ [+ as the time for the Gentiles is yet to come = you would not go] [Historically, it was to

be after the Shavout (‘Pentecost’) event in 30 CE (in Act 2:4) for those in Diaspora.]
e 10:5 lost sheep, House of Yisrael ░░ [> lost sheep of House of Yisrael] [House of Yirael is in contrast to House of

Yudah – from which ‘Jews’ take its origin.][≠ sinners; lost souls to be won]
f 10:7 proclaim ░░ - NRSV, and a few; WNT, Rhm, LITV, MKJV; /x: preach – KJV, most;
 10:8b-10 {//Mk 6:8-9; //Lk 9:3}
10:8b
Yoů have received free,
give free without charge.
10:9
Don’t get for yourselves no money
– be it gold, or silver, or even copper coins
to fill yoůr girdle purses,
10:10
no pauper’s bag for yoůr journey,
nor spare of tunics,
or footwears, or walking-sticks; {/mss}
after all, he who labors deserves to be provided with his food.
10:11-14 {//Mk +6:10-11; //Lk +9:4-5}
10:11
And into whatever town or village a yoů may enter,
260 F

look for someone [willing to accept yoů] in there

proved to be worthy [to be with]
and stay there until yoů leave.
10:12
And as yoů enter the house,
greet them with <Shalom!>
10:13
And if the family is worthy of blessing,
let shalom of yoůr greeting come upon it:
but if it is not worthy,
let shalom of yoůr greeting return to yoů.
10:14
And whoever does not receive yoů,
nor listen to the message yoů bring,
then as yoů leave that house or that town,
shake the dust off yoůr feet!

10:15
Yes, I’m telling yoů, what will befall on a day of [God’s] judgment
will be more bearable
for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in their gross sins
than for such a town in rejecting words yoů bring.” {Mk 6:11b v.l.}

10:16 {//Lk 10:3}

10:16
“Look, I, I’m sending yoů out
like sheep into the midst of wolves:

Then, be yoů proving yourselves shrewd b 261F

— as those cautious serpents

and uncontaminated c — as those pure doves.
26F

a 10:11 town or village ░░ /x: city or town – KJV; /x: city or village; /
b 10:16 shrewd [+] ░░ [+ with discerning eyes] – (Mt 10:32-33) [The text should not be understood as ‘be wise as the
serpents are wise’ or ‘be snake-smart or snake-like’.]
c 10:16 uncontaminated [+] ░░ [+ by worldly and religious ideas and agendas] /x: harmless; /x: innocent;
What awaits the disciples
10:17-22 {//Mk +13:9-13; //Lk 21:12-19} (cf. Mt 24:9-14)
10:17
But be on yoůr guard against what men will do to yoů
as they will hand yoů over to their local-courts,
and they will have yoů scourged in their synagogues;
10:18
and yoů will also be dragged before governors and kings
because of me,
to give a testimony to them and to the Gentiles.
10:19
But when they deliver yoů up,
do not be anxious how or what yoů will speak:
in fact, it will be given to yoů in that hour
what yoů will say.
10:20
Indeed, it is not yoů that is going to speak,
rather, it is the spirit of yoůr Father a
who speaks through yoů.
10:21
And brother will deliver up brother to death
and the father his child,
☼
and children will rise up against parents
and will put them to death.
10:22
And yoů will be hated by everyone
because of my name.
But the one who endures to the end
shall be kept safe and preserved. [v. 22b = 24:13]

10:23
“But when they persecute yoů in one town,
flee into another:
Yes, indeed! I’m telling yoů this:
Before yoů have finished
going through all the towns of Yisrael,
the Son-of-man will have come. b
10:24
“A disciple is not above his teacher;
nor a servant above his master.
10:25
It is enough for the disciple
that he may become like his teacher
and the servant like his master.
If to the master of the house
they affix a foul name Beelzebul {mss},
how much more to those
belonging to the master’s household!

a 10:20 the Spirit of your Father ░░ = //Lk 12:12 the holy Spirit (not the Holy Ghost, the 3rd person of the Trinity);
b 10:23 will have come ░░ [not same as Parousia (so-called ‘Second coming’ 24:3)]
Exhortation to fearless confession
10:26-33 {//Lk 12:2-9} Exhortation to fearless confession
10:26@
Well then, do not fear them:
Indeed, there is nothing covered up
that will not become revealed;
and nothing kept hidden
that will not become known.
10:27
What I tell yoů in the dark,
speak out in the broad daylight,
and what yoů hear whispered to your ear,
proclaima from the housetops.
10:28
And do not become fearful of those
who, after bringing the body to death, [cf. Rm 7:24]
but, cannot bring one’s soul bc to death: [⇨10: 34-37]
263F

no, rather have fear for the very One d who 264 F

can have the soul and the body both destroyed e

in GeHinnom. [5:22, 29,30; 18:9]

10:29
See, yoů get two sparrows for an assarion. f 265F

Yet, not one of them will ☼fall onto the ground

apart from yoůr [caring] Father knowing it:
10:30
As for yoů, why, even the very hairs on yoůr head
are all numbered!
10:31
Well then, do not be afraid of them [v. 28] [who come after yoů] :
as for yoů, what yoů are is much more valuable
than many sparrows.
10:32
Well then, everyone who, [when challenged] before others, g 26F

acknowledges openly [that he belongs to] me, [cf. 10:16]

I surely will also acknowledge him
before my heavenly+ Father.
10:33
But whosoever [when challenged] before others
deniesh [that he belongs to] me,
I surely will also deny him before my heavenly+ Father”

a 10:28 proclaim ░░ /x: preach – KJV;

b 10:28 soul ░░ [Gk. psuchē. Cf. ≈ ‘very self’ heautou Lk 9:23.] [Cf. most renders it in 10:39 as ‘life’] /[‘the whole of
being of life’; cf. a tripartite anthropology: ‘spirit, soul, body’. Cf. ‘mind vs. body’; ‘person vs. being’]
c 10:28 soul ░░ [Gk. psuchē. Cf. ≈ ‘very self’ heautou Lk 9:23.] [Cf. = 10:39 – most renders there as ‘life’] /[‘the whole

of being of life’; not a component of a tripartite human being ‘spirit, soul, body’, (as if ‘person = ‘soul + body’), but the
entity to which ‘body’ belongs to.]
d 10:28 the very One ░░ [i.e. God Himself]
e 10:28 destroyed in Gehenna ░░ [nothing remains to be ‘tortured in hell’ in the unbiblical hell fire doctrine.]
f 10:29 assarion ░░ [coin; 1/16 of denarius (a day’s wage of a laborer)]
g 10:32 before others ░░ [setting is ‘under persecution’]
h 10:33 deny ░░ [setting is ‘under persecution’]
 No peace but division - a family is splitting
Mt 10:34-37 {//Lk 12:51-53} (cf. Lk 14:26) [⇦10: 28a ‘body’] no peace but division - a family is splitting
10:34
“Do not think that I have come
to throw down peace on to the land!
I have not come to throw down peace as such,
but sword! a 267F

10:35
Indeed, that I have come is to cause division —
a man ☼against his father
and a daughter against her mother
and a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law.
10:36
And indeed even the members of a man's own familyb
….
will become his foes c. {☼Mic 7:6}
268 F

Mt 10:37-39 {Lk 14:25-27; 17:33} d 269F Conditions of being a talmid

10:37
The one who dearly loves e father or mother 270F

more than me [and put them first]

is not worthy of me [to be a follower of me],
and the one who dearly loves son or daughter more than me
is not worthy of me.
10:38
And anyone other than those
who do take up their execution stake f on themselves 271F

and follow after meg — is not worthy of me.

10:39
The one who finds his whole being of life h 27F

shall lose it,

and the one who loses his life for my sake
shall find it.”

a 10:34 sword [+] ░░ [+ to cause them divided – over the truth of who I am] [Cf. //Lk 12:51 – ‘division’]
b 10:36 family ░░ /> household;
c 10:36 foes ░░ - KJV; [Mt 5:44] [those who are against; who stands in the way]; /x: enemies.
d 10:37-39 <verses> ░░ -(cf. Mt 16:24-25 //Mk 8:34b-35; //Lk 9:23-24) (cf. Jn 12:25)
e 10:37 dearly love ░░ (phileō); /love – most; [//Lk 14:26 miseō ‘hate’ ‘less love’]
f 10:38 execution stake ░░ (Gk. stauros – stake, pole); /x: *cross - most; [synecdoche for its a cross-beam part. Cf. Mt

27:32][In a figurative sense (as in 16:24) – criminals marching on their way to execution, carrying it shamed through the
midst of a jeering mob.] [no allusion to Yeshua’s death on the ‘Cross’]
g 10:38 follow after me ░░ [a hymn - https://youtu.be/mvZp87bIxU8 I have decided to follow Jesus.];
h 10:39 whole being of life ░░ [= 10:28] /life – most; /soul – NWT;
 Mt 10:40-42 {Mk 9:41} (Cf. Lk 10:16) (cf. Jn 13:20) Rewards of Being a disciple
10:40
“Anyone who receives yoů
receives me
and anyone who receives me
receives the One who sent me [+ to do His work] .
10:41
Anyone who receives a prophet deservedly as a prophet
will receive a prophet’s reward;
and anyone who receives a righteous person
deservedly as a righteous one
will receive a righteous one’s reward.
10:42
And whoever gives even a cup of cold water to drink
to one of these little ones deservedly as a disciple
[when he comes as a disciple]
— yes! I’m telling yoů,
they+ will certainly not go with their reward.” [Cf. Mk 9:41] ◊

11:1 And it came to be,

when Yeshua had finished instructing his twelve disciples,
he went on from there to teach and to proclaima
[the Kingdom reign of the Heavens] [← 4:17; 10:7] in the towns they go. b ◊

a 11:2 proclaim ░░ [kērussō] /x: preach – most;

b 11:2 towns they go ░░ [← 10:5] /> their towns;
(Mt 11)
Yohanan the Immerser sends in inquiry
Mt 11:2-6 {//Lk 7:18-23} Inquiry from Yohanan the Immerser
11:2 Now when Yohanan, while in prison, heard
about the [promised] Mashiah a had been doing,
273F

he sent words carried by {two of} his own disciples

11:3
to ask Yeshua,
<Are you ☼the One who is to come b,[Cf. 3:3, 11] 274F

or should we expect another?>

11:4
And answering, Yeshua said to them,
“Go and report back to Yohanan
what yoů are now hearing and seeing:
11:5
— the blind are seeing again and the lame are walking,
☼

the lepers are cleansed and the deaf are hearing,

the dead are being raised up
and ☼the poor are having good news brought to them.
11:6
[+ Yohanan shouldn’t be having doubt on me.] [11:7b]
Yes, blessed are the ones+
who find in me nothing to cause them stumble over
[+and get disappointed, failing to see what I have for them] .”

Mt 11:7-12 {//Lk +7:24-30} Yeshua witnesses concerning Yohanan the Immerser

11:7
And as the two were leaving,
Yeshua began to tell the crowds about Yohanan,

“What was it that yoů went out into the wilderness to see?
A reed swaying in the breeze?
11:8
No? Then, what did yoů go out to see?
Someone who was finely dressed?
Look¡ those finely dressed [courtiers] are to be found
in royal palaces.
11:9
But why then did yoů go out there? To see a prophet?
Yes! And I tell yoů,
even much greater than a prophet!
11:10
In fact, it is he concerning whom it is written, {Mal 3. 1}(//Mk 1:2b)
<Behold, I, I am sending my messenger
before your presence;
and it is who will make ready the way
for your coming.> [cf. Mt 3:3]

a 11:2 the promised Mashiah ░░ [the One whom Yohanan himself had immersed in Jordan River – Mt 3:13.
Not ‘Mashiah (> Messiah)’] /xxx: Christ (-of Church – anachronistic);
b 11:3 ☼the One who is to come [+] ░░ [as Mashiah king in Davidic line + as we believed so] (//Luke 7:19)

{☼Zec 9:9; Mal 3:1}

 11:11
Yes! Indeed, I’m telling yoů: among those born of women
there has been no one raised up greater than Yohanan the Immerser.
But the one who is humbler and lesser
[of those] in the Kingdom reign of the heavens
is greater than Yohanan.
11:12@
“And from the days of Yohanan the Immerser until now
the Kingdom reign of the heavens is breaking forth [with determination]
and those ☼ breaking out take it into possession. {Mic 2:13}
11:13
Indeed, all the Nevi'im a and the Torah have prophesied
concerning the Mashiah until b Yohanan. [Lk 16:16]
276F

11:14
((And if yoů’re willing to accept [what I say] , this one is ☼Eliyahu c, [Mal 4:5]27F

who is destined to come. [cf. Mk 9:13; Mt 17:13; Lk 1:17]

11:15 The one who has ears {to hear}, let him hear!))
11:16
“But to what shall I compare [people of] this generation!
It is like children sitting in the marketplaces and calling out
to their playmates{/mss} d [in a children’s game-play]
278F

11:17
and exclaiming, <We played-flute to yoů [as in a wedding feast]
but yoů did not dance in joy;
we sang dirges for yoů [as in a funeral] ,
but yoů did not wail in grief .>
11:18
In fact, Yohanan comes upon the scene
and isn’t eating or drinking [at feasts],
they say <he’s got a demon spirit!>
11:19
The Son-of-man comes and here eating and drinking
with yoů all [at feasts] , and they say,
<Look¡ there, a glutton, and a winebibber,
a friend to turncoat tax-profiteers and outcast sinners!>
Well, the very wisdom [of God] [Lk 11:49] is made righteous
by the acts she produces{/mss} e.” ◊ 279F

a 11:13 the Nevi'im ░░ /> the Prophets; [Heb. = the (Books of) Prophets (of the Hebrew Scripture)].
b 11:13 until [+] ░░ [+ now for becoming fulfilled starting with]
c 11:14 Eliyahu ░ ░ /Elijah; [‘Yah is my El’; YHWH is my Elohim] [i.e. a person with Eliyahu’s spirit]
d 11:16 their playmates {/mss} ░░ {/others} (Gk. etairois fellows; />friends)
e 11:19 actions~ {/mss} ░░ {x: /children - KJV} [mss variant from Aramaic word of two different stems.]
How terrible Galilean towns
Mt 11:21-24 {//Mk Ø; //Lk 10:12-15} How terrible Galilean towns
11:20 Then he began to reproach the cities
in which most of his mighty works a had taken place,
280 F

because they have not turned their hearts to God’s way b: 281F

11:21
“How terrible c it would be to you, Chorazin¡
28F

How terrible it would be to you, Bethsaida! d 283F

Because if the mighty works of God

such as have been made in yoůr midst
had taken place in Tyre and Sidon, e 284F

the people there would long since have turned their heart
in sackcloth and with ashes their heads in grief.
11:22
Still I’m telling yoů this, it will be more bearable
for Tyre and Sidon on Judgment Day than for yoů.
11:23
And you, KepharNahum¡
☼to heaven will you perhaps be raised up?

To Hades you will be razed down: {☼Isa 14:13, 15 LXX}

because if the mighty works had taken place in Sodom
that have taken place in you,
it would have remained until today.
11:24
But I’m telling yoů that for the land of Sodom what will befall will be
more bearable on Judgment Day than for yoů.” ◊

11:25-27 {//Lk 10:21-22} Yeshua thanks the Father

11:25
At that moment, as he continues, Yeshua uttered [in praising God],
“I openly confess to You,
O Abba f, Lord of the heavens and the earth!
285F

that you have hidden these things

from those so wise and learned [apart from You]
while revealing them to those babe-like —
11:26
Yes, O Abba, I praise You
because that’s just how it became a delight in Your sight.
11:27
And [+] g he said: “As to all things
286F

have been committed to me by my Father

they
and no one fully knows the Son but the Father;
nor does anyone fully know the Father but the Son
and anyone to whom the Son does desire to reveal him.”

a 11:20 mighty works ░░ /x: powerful works; /xx: miracles (- something breaking natural law); [Gk. dunamis.
See 8:2ff for the collected series of God’s mighty works by Yeshua.]
b 11:20 repented [+] ░░ [+ to turn from their sins];
c 11:21 How terrible ~~ for you ░░ (Gk. ouai humin) (See 23:13ff); /x: woe to you – most (- archaic);
d 11:21 Chorazin ~ Bethsaida! [+] ░░ [— those towns in yoůr Galilee];
e 11:21 Sidon [+] ░░ [— those awful cities in SYROPHOENICIA];
f 11:25, 26 Abba ░░ (Aramaic loanword); (Gk. Pater); /Father – most; /
g 11:27 and [+] ░░ [+having turned to the disciples, he said]
Come to me, you all, for true sabbath rest
Mt 11:28-30 Yeshua as true sabbath rest a 287F

11:28
“Come to me, then, yoů all who are growing weary from toiling
and are loaded down with heavy burdens b, 28F

there, I, I will give yoů true restc. [Cf. 12:8]

☼

11:29
Take upon yoů [together with me]
the yoke d which I have put on myself
290F

and learn from me [Psa 85:13; Jn 14:6]

see that how I’m ☼meek [yielding to God] [cf. 5:5] {☼Num 12:3}
and lowly in heart;
and ☼yoů will obtain [true] rest e [12:8] for yoůr souls. [☼Jer 6:16]
291F

11:30
Indeed, the yoke I have on me is easy on yoů
and [+] f the load g to carry along with me,
29F 293F

yoů’ll find it light.” [→ 12:1ff] ◊

a 11:28-30 <True sabbath rest> ░░ [After taking up the theme <Son’s authority from Father>, it proceeds with the theme
<Yeshua as true sabbath rest (12:8)> to fully develop in the next several pericopes.]
b 11:28 burdens [+] ░░ [+ of keeping up with the law]
c 11:28 true rest ░░ [sabbath rest (= shalom) to refresh your soul] [→ 12:8 ‘sabbath rest’] [Cf. Ps 23:2-3; Exo 33:14]
d 11:29, 30 the yoke which I have on ░░ />> my yoke; /x: the yoke I give you – CEV;
e
11:29 true rest [+] ░░ [of sabbath, shalom of Yeshua]; [See 12:8 ‘sabbath rest’]
f 11:30 with me [+] ░░ [+ having me yoked together]; [Cf. Phi 4:3 Gk. suzugē ‘yoked-fellow’]
g 11:30 the load ~ with me ░░ (phortion Gal 6:5) [‘load’ ‘yoke’= His teaching]; />> my load; /xx: my burden – most,

Danker! (baros Gal 6:2) (cf. burdensome)

(Mt 12)
Plucking grain heads on a sabbath
Mt 12:1-8 {//Mk 2:23-28; //Lk 6:1-5} Grain heads plucked on a sabbath a 294F

12:1 During that time Yeshua went on [one of] the sabbaths b [⇦11:28b]
295F

through the grain-fields,

and his disciples, feeling hungry,
began plucking some heads of grain and eating.
12:2
But when the Pharisees saw this, they said to him,
“Look at that! your disciples are doing something
that is not allowed [for us] to do on a sabbath.”
12:3
But he said to them,
“Have you not read what David did, [1Sm 21: 1-6]
when he got hungry, also those with him?
12:4
— how so he entered the House of the Elohim c{1Sm 21:3-6} 296F

and got [from the priest] and ate the loaves which had come
from ☼the very ☼bread of the presentation, d [Num 4:7} 297F

which was not permissible for him, even for those with him,
but meant only for the priests.
12:5
Or, have yoů not read in the Torah of Moses that
<on the sabbaths the priests in the Miqdash e 298F

have the sabbath broken without incurring guilt>?

12:6
But I tell yoů that
something{/mss} f greater
29F than the Miqdash is here.
12:7
But if yoů had known what is meant by this, {☼Hos 6:6 LXX}
<☼What I desire [from yoů] is mercy to others;
and not [merely] animal sacrifice offering to me>, [9:13]
yoů would not have pronounced the innocent guilty.
12:8
“For, it is as a lord of the sabbathg
who the Son-of-man is!h” [11:29] ◊
30

a 12:1-8 <sabbath keeping issue> ░░ [the first of a series Yeshua’s having sabbath issue keeping vis-à-vis traditions of
Yehudism - continues from the theme on the Son’s authority from Father in 11:27 through the ‘true sabbath rest’ 11:28-
30, to follow with a series of episode on the theme in the Matthean way.]
b 12:1 [one of] the sabbaths ░░ /the *Sabbath – most;
c 12:4 House of Elohim [+] ░░ [= Mishkan (‘Temple’); 21:13; 23:38] [+ to see the priest and asked for some loaves.]
d 12:4 loaves of the very bread of presentation ░░ [+ the priest had no other loaves] [those which had come off on the

previous day from the Presentation Table in the Holy Place {1Sm 21:6}]
e 12:5, 6 Miqdash ░░ (Gk. hieros; Cf. naos Mishkan 23:16; ‘Holy Place’); /*Temple;
f 12:6 something {/mss} ░░ {/someone}
g 12:8 a lord of the sabbath ░░ [Yeshua as the giver of God-given ‘sabbath rest’ (Heb 4:9), the true rest (Mt 11:29) of

shalom. Not about sabbath day keeping of sabbath commandment.]

h 12:8 the Son-of-man ░░ [Lit. ‘the son of the man’; Aramaic for a human being. IRENT capitalizes when it is used as

Yeshua’s self-designation ‘I’ – mostly in G-Mt – but without focus on himself.]

Healing a man with a withered hand
Mt 12:9-14 {//Mk +3:1-6; //Lk +6:6-11} (cf. Lk 13:15; 14:5) a man with a withered hand
12:9 And going on from there,
he went into the synagogue of the of the people .
12:10
And look, there was a man who had a hand withered away.
And they asked him, saying
“Healing people on the sabbaths a – is it something allowed?”
((In this way they might find some faults to accuse of him.))
12:11
And he said to them,
“Say, after getting a sheep
if that sheep falls into a pit on one of the sabbaths,
is there any of yoů who is not ever going to reach down
and help it out?
12:12
Well then, how much more there is in a man
than in a sheep!
And from this it follows that
it is surely allowed on the Sabbaths
doing something which is good.”
12:13
Then turning to the man he says,
“Stretch out your hand!”
When stretched out,
it became restored as sound and healthy as the other hand.
12:14
But the Pharisees went out and began deliberating on Yeshua
as to how they might get rid of him.

a 12:10 sabbaths ░░ [Any *day, including Sabbath day, begins with sunrise; sabbath rest is for the daytime period only.]
Healing multitudes by the Lake
Mt 12:15-21 {//Mk +3:7-12; Lk //6:17-19} Healing multitudes by the Lake
12:15 And having come to know this, Yeshua left from there
and many {of crowds} followed him,
and he healed them all
12:16
— at the same time warning them not to make it known publicly
that it was he who had done it: [cf. Mk 3:12]
..

12:17
He healed them all as in fulfillment of what was spoken
through Isaiah the prophet, – saying {Isa} [cf. Mt 8:17 – Isa 53:4] a
12:18
<Behold, My servant whom I have chosen.
My beloved in whom my soul delights:
I will put My spirit upon him. [3:16c]
And he will declare to bring justice to the Gentiles.
12:19
He will not engage in quarreling or shouting;
nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets.
12:20
He will not break a bruised reed
and he will not snuff out a smoldering wick,
until he brings judgment to victory.> {Isa 42. 1-3}
12:21
<And on his name
the Gentiles will put their hope.> {Isa 11:1, 10} [= Rm 15:12] ◊

Healing a blind deaf-mute man

Mt 12:22-23 {//Lk 11:14} Healing a blind deaf-mute man
Mt 12:22 They then brought into his presence.
a demon-afflicted man who was blind and deaf-mute,
and Yeshua healed him,
the man formerly blind and deaf-mute being able both to speak and to see.
12:23
And all the crowds were astonished and said,
“Can it be that this man really is the very ‘Son of David’b?”

a
12:17-21 <verses> ░░ [Matthean midrash] [Cf. The servant of YHWH' (Isa 41:8-9; 44:1; 21; 45:4; 48:20;
49:3) refers to Israel/Yaakob; not Mashiah (as the suffering servant) as in Church midrash] [Cf. 1Co 5:3]
b
12:23 Son of David ░░ [that is, the very Mashiah king promised to come]
Accusation of collusion with Beelzebul
Mt 12:24-30 {//Lk +11:15-23; //Mk 3:22-27} Accusation of collusion with Beelzebul
12:24
But when the Pharisees heard it, they said,
“No wonder, it is only
by the power of Beelzebul a, chief of the demonic spirits, [9:34]
30F

that this fellow is casting out demonic spirits.”

12:25
And {Yeshua} knowing{/mss} their thoughts said to them,
“Every kingdom divided against itself
comes to fall apart into collapse;
And every city or ruling house divided against itself
will not be able to stand firm to last;
12:26
and if it is the Satan that casts out the Satan,
he has come divided against himself.
How, then, is his domain going to stand firm?
12:27-28 {//Lk 11:15-23}
12:27
Besides, if it was with [the power of] Beelzebul [as yoů see]
that I, I cast out demonic spirits,
well, by whose power do yoů suppose ‘yoůr very own sons’
— [+these disciples of mine] — are casting them out?
[Why], [+] b surely they themselves will be [found to play
304F

the part of] judges.

12:28
But if it is with God’s spirit c that I do cast out demonic spirits,
then surely has already come d upon yoů
305F

the Kingdom reign of the Elohim.

12:29
Or again, how can someone break
into the house of the strong man,
and make off with {mss} his possession,
unless he first ties down the strong man?
And then he will plunder his house.
12:30
One who is not on my side is against me e 306F

and one who does not gather [all] in to my side

…
are scattering [them] off [away from me] . [v. 30 = Lk 11:23]

a
12:24, 27 Beelzebul ░░ (=Mt 9:34; //Mk 3:22; //Lk 11:15) (Baal-zebul – ‘lord of house’); /Beelzebub –
KJV, ASV - (Cf. Baal-zebub - 2Kg 1:2 ‘lord of flies’)
b 12:27 Why [+] ░░ [+ if yoů resort to that sort of argument,]
c 12:28 God’s spirit ░░ [//Lk 11:20 God’s finger]
d 12:28 Kingdom of God ~ come ░░ [i.e. in the person of Yeshua Himself.]
e 12:30 not with me ~ against me ░░ [Cf. Different expression in Mk 9:40 = Lk 9:50 ‘not against you ~ on your side’.]
Blasphemy against the holy Spirit
Mt 12:31-32 {//Mk +3:28-30; //Lk 12:10} Blasphemy against the holy Spirit
12:31
In view of this [v. 30] I must say to yoů,
every sin and blasphemy a [people commit and utter]
307 F

shall be forgiven to men; 30

but whosoever does blaspheme against the Spirit [of Elohim], b 309

they shall not be forgiven. c

12:32
Yes, whosoever utters a word against me, the Son-of-man,
shall be forgiven;
but whosoever speaks against the Spirit of Holiness,
shall not be forgiven,
neither in this present world-order d, nor in the one coming. ◊.
31F

Trees and their fruits

Mt 12:33-37 {//Lk 6:43-44} (Mt 7:16-20) Trees and their fruits
12:33
Either yoů take a good tree,
then, its fruit will be good;
Or, take a bad tree,
then, its fruit will be bad:
yoů see, it is only by its fruit
that the tree is going to be known and judged and proven.
12:34
Offspring of vipers e¡ 312F

how could yoů say anything good

when yoů are evil in the heart!
Indeed, from what is full in the heart, the mouth utters:
12:35
As for a good person,
it is out of the good that which is stored {in the heart and mind}
he brings forth good things
and as for an evil person,
it is out of the evil that which is stored in him
he brings forth evil things.
12:36
And I’m telling yoů
that for every idle saying that people have spoken,
they will have to give account for it on the Day of Judgment.
12:37
In fact, it is by your own words that you'll be proven righteous
and it is by your own words that you'll be found guilty.” ◊
…

a 12:31 blasphemy ░░ [that is, utterances dishonoring Elohim. Syn. ‘speaks against’ – v. 32] [Not about ‘unforgivable
sin’, but action of rejection of the testimony that the Spirit gives to Yeshua as to who He is (Jn 15:26) and plans of God.
Cf. 1Co 12:33 – its antonym.]
b 12:31 blaspheme against the Spirit of Elohim ░░ = [//Mk 3:29 //Lk 12:10 ‘blasphemes against the Spirit of Holiness’

= against Father.] [+ by ascribing His work to demonic spirit] [The Spirit is the Spirit of Elohim, not another ‘Person’.
It is the very God acting/creating in power as manifested in the works of Yeshua.]
c 12:31, 32 not be forgiven░░ [Cf. ‘unforgivable sin’.]
d 12:31 world order ░░ /world; /x: system of things – NWT;
e 12:34 vipers ░░ (see Mt 3:7; also Mt 23:33; Lk 3:7) [religious snakes; dangerous; calculating, capable of making

decisions on how much venom to inject.]

‘Jonah’s sign’
Mt 12:38-42 {//Lk 11:16, 29-32} (v. 38-39a =//Mk 8:11-12) (v. 39 = Mt 16:4) Yonah’s sign
12:38 Then some of the soferim and the Pharisees responded, saying
“Teacher, we want to see a sign a from yoů.” 31F

12:39
But in reply he said to them,
“An evil and unfaithful generation –
it keeps on seeking out a sign!
No, no [such] sign shall be given to it
unless b it be such a sign
314F

as Yonah the prophet was: c 315

(Mt 12:40-41) 'Three days and three nights'

12:40 d ☼
Indeed, just as Yonah was for three days and three nights
in the belly of the whale; {☼Jon 1:17}
 so shall the Son-of-man be
in the very heart of the earthe {☼Ezk 38:12; 5:5}
☼

for three days and three nights. f

12:41@
The people of Nineveh will rise up at the Judgment,
with this generation to bring down judgment on it.
How come?! Because they listened to turn their hearts to God’s way.
at the preachingg of Yohah.
And look, what is here now is greater than from Yonah
— but you won’t respond to!
12:42
The queen of the South will rise up in the judgment
with this generation to bring down judgment on it.
How come? Because she ventured to travel from the ends of the Land
32

to listen to the wisdom of Solomon,

and look, what is here now is greater than of Solomon
— but you won’t listen to. ◊

a 12:38 sign ░░ [+ of heralding the coming of the Kingdom] (Mt 12:28. Cf. 16:4) (= indicator) [Not a sign for His
Messiahship.] [Not a ‘miracle’ (as to prove His divine power/authority).] (Cf. 1Co 1:22)
b 12:39 unless it be such sign ░░ /except the sign – most; /but the sign - KJV; /xx: the only sign; /
c 12:39 sign as Yonah ~was ░░ Yonah from Galilee [2Kg 14:25] (> Jonah) [ not ‘a sign Yonah gave’]
d 12:40-41 <verses> ░░ (only in G-Mt) whale (kētos) /sea monster; /great fish; [‘in the belly of a whale’ – Yonah was

not dead or buried.] shall be ░░ \estai; /xx: will remain (- as if remain buried); /xx: will spend – GNB;
e 12:40 in the very heart of the earth ░░ [Cf. Yerusalem as the “center (navel) of the world/earth” For history,

topography, and significance - https://youtu.be/4qZM6R6treA Jerusalem, The Center of the Earth

http://askelm.com/video/v140601.asp ]
f 12:40 three days and three nights ░░ [full 3 D and 3N (not 3 N and 3 D) – not literal 72 hours, but a figurative

expression, suffering in the hands of the power – suffering to death, not 'death' or 'remain dead']
g 12:40 preaching ░░ [kērugma > kērussō]
See how evil spirits returned
12:43-45 {//Lk 11:24-26} (Lk 6:43-44} See how evil spirits returned
12:43 a
But when the unclean spirit has come out of the man,
32F

it roams through waterless places

looking for a resting place but finds none.
12:44
Then it says,
<It’s my house I better return to, the place I came out from>,
and when it returns,
it finds it unoccupied, swept clean and neat in order.
12:45
Then it goes off and with itself takes along seven other spirits
more evil than itself
and come in and make their home there.
This is how things will be also with people of this evil generation. ◊.

True kindred
Mt 12:46-50 {//Mk 3:31-35; //Lk 8:19-21} Yeshua’s True kindred
12:46 But while he was speaking to the crowds,
look! his mother b and his brothers had come [cf. 13:55-56]
324F

and was standing outside, seeking to speak to him.

12:47
{And one said to him,
“See, your mother and your brothers are standing outside,
seeking to speak to yoů.”}
12:48
But in response he said to the one who spoke to him,
“[How can you tell] who is [going to be] my mother
and who are my brothers [to inherit the promise]?”
12:49
Then, pointing towards his disciples, he said,
“Look, right here! my mother and my brothers!
[+ this way yoů know who really are]
12:50
And indeed, whoever does the will of my heavenly+ Father,
is my brother and sister and mother.” ◊

a 12:43 unclean spirits ░░ (10:1) (demon; demonic spirits) [‘unclean’ = ‘defiling’. Cf. The phrase ‘evil spirits’ only in
G-Lk and Acts]
b 12:46 his mother ░░ [Someone’s wife in that culture is always referred to as ‘mother of the son’. It is possible that

Yosef her husband may have already deceased.]

Fifth Section of Teaching

Ch. 13:1-52 The Fifth Section of Teaching

(Mt 13)
Series of Parables I
Parable of a sower
Mt 13:1-9 {//Mk 4:1-9; //Lk 8:4-8} A parable of a sower
13:1 And on that same day Yeshua, having left the house,
sat down by the sea.
13:2
And a large crowd gathered around him,
so, he got on a small-ship and sat down in there,
while all the crowd remained standing on the shore.

13:3
And he told many things to them in parables a, – saying
325F

“Listen,
the sower went out to sow;
13:4
and as he sowed, some seeds fell alongside the foot-path
and the birds came and pecked them up.
13:5
And others fell upon the rocky patches,
where there was not much soil for them
and at once they sprang up,
as the soil layer wasn’t deep to reach far down:
13:6
but when the sun rose,
they were scorched,
and, having no roots deep enough,
they withered away.
13:7
And others fell among the thorny thistles,
and thorny branches grew up and choked them off.
13:8
And other seeds fell on the rich soil and brought forth crops;
some yielding a hundredfold, some sixty, some thirty.”

13:9
The one who has ears to hear, let him hear! ◊

a
13:3 parables ░░ [= illustrations in a story-line to help understand some aspect of what is otherwise beyond
comprehension of the listeners. Many parables in the Gospels are to make truth claims. Some are allegorical,
but not allegories. Not ‘fables’ or ‘stories’.]
Reason for telling in parables
Mt 13:10-17 {//Mk +4:10-12; //Lk +8:9-10}
13:10 And the disciples came and said to him,
“Why do you speak to them in parables?”
13:11
And he answered and said to them,
“To yoů has been granted the privilege of knowing the hidden truths
about the Kingdom reign of the heavens,
but to them no such privilege has been granted.
13:12
Indeed, whoever has something [of understanding from listening to me] ,
more will be given to him
and he will have more than enough:
but whoever does not [come to] have it [from listening to me] ,
even what he does have | will be taken away from him. [25:29]
13:13
Here is why I am speaking to them in parables:
It is that, though they look, they look in vain;
and, though they hear, they hear in vain,
nor they do get understanding.
13:14
Moreover, the prophecy of Isaiah is as fulfilled in them, which says,
☼<By hearing yoů may hear

but will never come to understanding,

and though looking, yoů may look
but will never see it:
13:15
Indeed,
 this people's mind has become dull
 and with the ears they are hard of hearing
▪ and they have shut their eyes.
13:15b
 Thus they are not able
▪ to see with their eyes
 and hear with their ears
 and understand with their mind
and turn back for me to come to heal them.> {☼Isa 6. 9ff}

13:16-17 {//Lk 10:23-24}

13:16
However, as for yourselves, how blessed are yoů,
because with eyes yoů see, and with yoůr ears hear.
13:17
Yes, indeed. I’m telling yoů that
many prophets and righteous ones longed to see
what yoů’re seeing
but have not seen it,
and to hear what yoů’re are hearing
but have not heard it.
Explaining the parable of the sower
Mt 13:18-23 {//Mk +4:13-20; //Lk +8:11-15}
13:18 Well then, yoů on yoůr part should now
listen to what the parable of the sower means;
13:19
When anyone hears the Word of the Kingdom reign of the Elohim
but does not grasp what it tells,
then the evil one a comes
and takes away what was sown in their+ heart.
This is pictured by the seed sown alongside the foot-path.
13:20
And as for what was sown upon the rocky patches,
this is about the one who hears the Word
and at once, with joy, receives it;
13:21
yet he does not have deep root in him,
but is short lived,
and when tribulation or persecution comes in
on account of the word of the message he received,
at once he stumbles to fall away, and gives it up.
13:22
And as for what was sown among the thorny thistles
this is about the one who hears the Word
but the anxiety of the present world-order
and the seduction of the riches
choke up the word
and it becomes unfruitful.
13:23
And as for what was sown upon the good soil,
this is about the one who hears the Word of the Elohim
and does grasp it;
who surely brings forth crops,
yielding this one indeed, a hundredfold;
yet, this one – sixty; this one – thirty.” ◊

a13:19 the evil one ░░ (personification. Cf. Mt 13:29 ‘someone’; Cf. Mt 6:13); [//Mk 4:15 – ‘the satan’; //Lk 8:12 ‘the
devil’]
Parable of darnel weeds
Mt 13:24-30 Warning - parable of darnel weeds
13:24 Yeshua put another parable before the crowd, – saying
“The Kingdom reign of the heavens is like what happens as this
when a man had good seed sown in his field:
13:25
While everyone was asleep,
someone who had hate him came
and sowed darnel a weeds right among the wheat
326F

and then slipped away.

13:26
But when the blade had sprouted and the heads of grain formed
then the darnels appeared also.
13:27
And the servants of the house-master came to him and said,
<Sir, wasn’t it good seed
that you had sown in your field?
How, then, does it come to have darnels?>
13:28
And he said to them,
<Someone has done this, in hate!>
And the servant says to him,
<Is it your wish, then, that we should go off
and gather up the darnels??>
13:29
But he said,
<No; for gathering those darnels up,
yoů may pull the wheat out by the roots as well.
13:30
Let both grow together until the harvest
and I will tell the harvesters at the time of the harvest,
to gather up all the darnels first
and tie them in bundles to be burned up;
but take the wheat into my storehouse.>” ◊

a 13:25 darnel ░░ [zizanion – a poisonous annual plant, at first indistinguishable from wheat]; /tare – KJV;
Parable: A mustard seed
13:31-32 {//Mk 4:30-32; //Lk 13:18-19} Parable: a mustard seeda
13:31 He put another parable before them, – saying
“The Kingdom reign of the heavens is like what happens
with a seed of mustard plant that a man took
and sowed in his field:
13:32
It is indeed smaller than all the seeds [yoů’ve sown];
but when it is grown,
it is taller than the garden-plants b [yoů have]
328F

and becomes [tall] like a tree

so that ☼the birds in the sky come and build nests [☼Ezk 17:23; 31:6]
[sheltered under the shade] [Mk 4:32b] among its branches.” ◊

Parable of leavening
13:33 {//Lk +13:20-21}
13:33 He spoke another parable to them;
“The Kingdom reign of the heavens is like what happens
a woman took leavenc
to hide into wheat flour d of, say, some fifty pounds e
329F 30F

until the whole batch of dough rises.” [Cf. Mt 16:6] ◊

Yeshua's use of parables

13:34-35 {//Mk 4:33-34}
13:34 Here in this way, all these things
Yeshua would say in parables to the crowds.

13:34b
Indeed, without putting into a parable [to teach a lesson]
nothing was being given to these crowds
13:35
((as in fulfillment of
what was spoken through the prophet {Isaiah},
saying <I’ll open my mouth
to speak in parables
I’ll utter to unfold what has been hidden {Ps. 78:2}
☼ever since the {world’s} founding.> ◊

a
13:31-32 <Parable of a mustard seed>░░ [A plant growing from a small seed – not to be confused with
aphorism of ‘faith small like a mustard seed’ Mt 17:20-21; //Lk 17:5-6]
b 13:32 garden plants ░░ /x: plants; /x: (garden) herbs; /xx: vegetables;
c
13:33 leaven ░░ [i.e. a portion of dough starter. Not 'yeast'.] [Note: ‘leavening’ elsewhere in the Gospel
to be something warned about (Mt 16:6-12; //Mt 8:15; //Lk 12:1)]
d 13:33 wheat flour ░░ [Gk. aleuron > aleō ‘grind’]; /x: meal – KJV;
e 13:33 fifty pounds ░░ [enough to give out a thousand people]
 Mt 13:36-43 Parable of the darnel - explained
13:36 Then Yeshua left the crowds and went into the house
and his disciples came to him,
– saying
“Explain to us the parable of the darnel of the field.”
13:37
And in reply he said to them,
“The one who sows the good seed is the Son-of-man;
13:38
and the field is the worlda.
As for the good seed,
these stand for the people who belong to the Kingdom reign,
but the weeds are the people
who belong to the Evil One;
13:39
and the enemy that sowed them is the devil
and the harvest is a closing-upb of the present aeonc,
and the harvesters are messengersd.
13:40
Therefore as the darnel is collected and burned up with fire;
so it will be in the closing up of the present aeon.
13:41
The Son-of-man will send forth his angels
and they will root-out from out of his Kingdom reign
all the offenses and those who live away from God’s law, e 31F

13:42
and will cast them into the furnace of fire:
there the weeping and the wailing will be.
13:43
Then the righteous ones will shine out
like the sun in the Kingdom reign of their Father.

((The one who has ears to hear, let him hear!)) ◊

Series of Parables II
Parable of a hidden treasure in the field
Mt 13:44
13:44
“Again the Kingdom reign of the heavens is like what happened
with a treasure hidden in the field —
something that a man found and hid:
And in his joy, he goes and sells all that he has
and buys up that field.”

a
13:38 world ░░ [Gk. kosmos]
b
13:39 closing-up ░░ [Gk. sunteleia] /end – most; /consummation – Berean Literal;
c
13:39 aeon ░░ [Gk. aeōn] /age – most; /system of things – NWT; /x: world – KJV, NLT;
d
13:39 messengers ░░ (also v. 40) – YLT; /angels – most; /x: the angels – KJV;
e
13:41 (those who) live away from God’s law ░░ /do lawlessness; /do iniquity - KJV; /law-breakers; /x:
do evil;
Parable of a precious pearl
Mt 13:45-46
13:45
“Again, the Kingdom reign of the heavens is like what happens
to a certain merchant in search of fine pearls:
13:46
When he found one pearl of great value,
he went off
and sold all that he had and bought that pearl.”

Parable of drag-net
Mt 13:47-50
13:47
“Again, the Kingdom reign of the heavens is like what happens
when a drag-net was cast into the sea
and gathered up fish of every kind:
13:48
When it was full,
the fishermen pulled it up onto the shore,
and sat down and collected the good fish in baskets,
but threw the bad fish away
13:49
So it will be
in the closing-up of the present world-order:
the angels will go out and separate out the evil ones
from among the righteous,
13:50
and will cast them into the furnace of fire:
the weeping and wailing will be there.”
Treasures, new and old
Mt 13:51-52
13:51
{And Yeshua says to them,}
“Have yoů well understood [by this time] all these parables?”
They say to him,
“Yes, {Master¡} we have.”
13:52
And he said to them,
“That being the case, when every sofer a 32 F

becomes a learner about the Kingdom reign of the heavens,

he is [to be] like a master-of-house
who brings out of his store-room,
— things new as well as old.” ◊

13:53
And it came to be, when Yeshua had finished these parables,
he departed from there. ◊

a
13:52 sofer ░░ [- teacher of Torah] [comparable to a rabbi in Judaism]; /scribe – KJV; /
Unbelief and Little Faith

13:54 – 17:27 Unbelief and Little Faith

Rejected at Nazareth
Mt 13:54-58 {//Mk 6:1-6a} (Cf. Lk 4:16-30) (cf. Mt 4:12-13) Rejected at home town
13:54 And coming into his native town, Nazareth,
he taught them in their synagogue,
So that the people there were astounded and said,
“How do this wisdom
and all these mighty works come to this man?
13:55
Isn’t this the son of that carpentera [here in our village]?
Isn’t his mother we well know as Mariam?
And his brothersb Yaakob and Yosef c{/mss}
and Shimon and Yehudah d[cf. 12:46]3F

13:56
and all his sisters
— aren’t they with us [living] here [in our village]?
Where, then, did this man get all these from?”
13:57
Thus, they became stumbled over him
[finding him hard to accept].

Yeshua, however, said to them,

“There is only one place where a prophet is not honored,
— that’s in the hometown of his father’s place and in his own home.”

13:58
And he did not do many mighty workse there
because of their lack of faithf [in who he was]. ◊

a 13:55 carpenter ░░ (cf. the carpenter – Mk 6:3) [a house builder; not craftsman or artisan.]
b 13:55 brothers ░░ [Cf. not to be confused with two sons of a Mariam: in Mk 15:40 (Yaakob the younger and Yosi) =
in //Mt 27:56 (Yaakob and Yosef)]; [they were children of Yosef and Mariam, not of Yosef from his previous marriage.]
c 13:55 Yosef ░░ [= ‘Yosi’ (> ‘Joses’) in //Mk 6:3. (Cf. Mk 15:40-47)]
d 13:55 Yehudah ░░ [Judah, Jude, Judas - different persons with same name in Hebrew and Greek.]
e 13:58 mighty works ░░ [of a sign pointing to God’s reign]; /xx: miracles;
f 13:58 lack of faith ░░ /x: unbelief – KJV, ESV, NET, etc. (x: lack of belief);
(Mt 14)
Herod Antipas and Death of Yohanan the Immerser
Mt 14:1-2 {//Mk 6:14-16; //Lk 9:7-9} Herod mistook Yeshua as Yohanan, raised
14:1 It was around that time that
something people hearing about refutation a of Yeshua
34F

came to the ears of Herod the tetrarchb

[who were in Tiberias, his capital].
14:2
He said to his attendants,
<This must be Yohanan the Immerser!
he himself is risen from among the dead!
Indeed, that’s how these hard-to-believe powers are
at work in him. [It must be!]> ◊
…

↓↓ (narrative continues below from 14:12b)

◌Death of Yohanan the Immerser
◌Mt 14:3-12a; {//Mk +6:17-29} (Lk 3:19-20) Death of Yohanan the Immerser c 36F

14:3-5 {//Mk +6:17-18; //Lk 3:19-20} Flash-back: Herod imprisoned Yohanan

14:3
In fact this is what had happened by then:
This Herod the tetrarch had Yohanan arrested
and had {him} bound to put in prison
on account of Herodias,
the wife of his brother Philip [=Herod Philip I]
14:4
It was that Yohanan had been saying to him,
<It is not permissible for you to take her.>
14:5
And Herod wanted to put him to death,
but had to hold it off
fearing the crowd since they held him as a prophet.
…
14:6-12a {//Mk 6:21-29} Birthday celebration of Herod
14:6
Now, it happened
as the birthday festivities of Herod were going on,
the daughter d daughter of Herodias danced in their midst
37F

and pleased Herod so much.

14:7
Thus he promised with an oath
to give her whatever she might ask of him.
14:8
And being coached by her mother, she says,
“Give me … here on a platter
the head of Yohanan the Immerser!”

a
14:1 refutation ░░ (akoē) (also 4:24); /x: story; /> report; /> news; /> fame; /
b
14:1 Herod the tetrarch ░░ [Herod Antipas. Not a king but the tetrarch of Galilee and Perea after the
death of his father Herod the Great. Reigned from BC 1 to CE 39.]
c
14:3-12a <Death of Yohanan> ░░ [According to Josephus, Yohanan was executed at Machaerus, a frontier
fortress, east of the Dead Lake, BAR 38:05 2012, pp. 30-41.www.bib-arch.org/bar/ Machaerus: Where
Salome Danced and Yohan the Baptist Was Beheaded] [Cf. Tiberias, Herod’s capital.]
d
14:6 daughter ░░ [her name ‘Salome’ according to Josephus.]
 14:9
And at this the king a got distressed;
38F

but because of [several] oaths [for the promise] he had made

and of those who reclined at the meal with him,
he gave out his order that her [outrageous] request to be granted.
14:10
And he sent [an executioner]
and had Yohanan in the prison beheaded.
14:11
And his head was brought on a platter
and given to the young maiden
then, she brought it to her mother.
14:12a {//Mk +6:29} Yohanan’s disciples
14:12a
The next thing that happened was that the disciples of Yohanan came up
and took up his {dead} body and buried him. ◊
↓↓
Feeding five thousand
Mt 14:12b-21 {//Mk +6:30-44; //Lk 9:10-17} (//Jn 6:1-14) Feeding five thousand
14:12b
And Yeshua’s disciples came back [from their mission] [⇦10:1]
b
39F

and reported to Yeshua [what they had done and taught].

14:13
On hearing it,
Yeshua got away from there by a small fishing ship c 340F

to a solitary place [Lk 9: 10 – near Bethsaida]

[some distance away on the north shore of the Lake]
to be alone by themselves.
And when the word got around,
the crowds began to follow him on foot from the towns.
14:14a
And when Yeshua stepped out [of the ship],
he saw a large crowd d waiting there
341 F

b
and was moved with compassion on them [a, b =Mk 6:34]
c
and cured those who were sick and of ill-health . [cf. Lk 9:11; //Mk Ø]
14:15
As evening was approaching, his disciples came to him
– saying
“We’re all alone out here — middle of nowhere
and the hour is already late.
Send them away!
if they make their way into the villages
they could buy some food for themselves.”
14:16
But {Yeshua} said to them,
“There is no need they should go away.
Right here, yoů,
yes, yoů are the ones to give them something to eat.”

a
14:9 ‘king’ ░░ [He was not actually a king, but, prob. this epithet is a local custom.]
b
14:12b <paragraph break> ░░ [As shown in Mk 6:30 & Lk 9:10, a verse break is needed to have a new paragraph to
begin with v. 12b for a new narrative. ‘They’ = the disciples of Yeshua, not of Yohanan.]
c
14:13 by a small fishing ship ░░ /in a boat [//Mk 6:32 ‘in the boat’; Not mentioned in //Lk 9:10-17.]
d
14:14 crowd ░░ [feed Judaic people in Galilee. Cf. in 15:29-39, He fed the Gentiles in Decapolis region]
 14:17
And they say to him,
“No, we don’t have anything here — except what little we have:
Let’s see – five loaves and two fish!”
14:18
And he said,
“Why don’t yoů bring them here to me?”
14:19
And he ordered the crowds to recline on the grass,
and he took the five loaves and the two fish
and looking up to the heaven,
he gave blessed words a 342F

and broke the loaves and gave them to the disciples

and the disciples then gave to the crowds.
14:20
And they all ate
and had their fillb;
And when the leftover pieces were picked up
it was enough to fill twelve baskets!
14:21
And those who were fed were about five thousand men! [16:9]
— in addition to women and children. ◊

Lake in windstorm at dawn

Mt 14:22-33 {//Mk +6:45-52; //Lk Ø} (//Jn 6:16-21) Stormy Lake at dawn c 34F

14:22 And at once Yeshua compelled the disciples

to step onto a small fishing ship d 34F

and to go ahead of him to the other side e 345F

while he was going to dismiss the crowds.

14:23
And after he had dismissed the crowds, he went up
into the hill to be alone by himself to be praying f 346F

and when it became evening, there he was all alone.

14:24
By then as for their ship [+ as hugging the shoreline],
it wasseveral hundred yards away from the shore, g{/mss} 347F

still being tormented by the waves,

as the [strong] wind was against them.

a 14:19 gave blessed words [+] ░░ [+ the One who brings bread out of the earth] /xxx: blessed the food - NASB, GW;
b 14:20 had their fill ░░ [chortazō]; /were satisfied – NASB, ESV, NIV; /xx: were filled – KJV, HCSB;
c 14:22-27 <Stormy Lake at dawn> ░░ [Not in G-Lk.] [Most translates v. 26 as ‘walk on the sea’ with a subheading

‘walk on the water’, conflated with v. 29 ‘walk over the waters’. Cf. ‘walk by/onto the lake’]
d 14:22 ship [+] ░░ [+ to escape the people rushing on] (Jn 16:14-15); [as they put it out for a round of fishing run late

night] (when fish are active) (third watch)

e 14:22 to the other side [+] ░░ [westward towards Bethsaida] (Mk 6:45)
f 14:24 to be praying ░░ /x: to *pray (- wrong picture of ‘to offer up petitions)
g 14:24 hundred yards away from the shore ░░ (Gk. stadia ≈ 187m; 7½ stades ≈ 1 mile); {/mss} {/midst of the Lake

= Mk 6:47} – (rowed hard about 3-4 miles //Jn 6:19, not into the middle of 7-mile wide Lake, but hugging the shore for
fishing work at night.); /~ yards from the land – most; /
 14:25
And in the fourth watch of the night [= ‘dawn’ ≈ 3 hours before sunrise]
Yeshua was making his way toward them,
walking down on to the seaa [heading towards Bethsaida].
14:26
And when the disciples caught sight of someone b 349 F

walking about on [the shore of] the Lake, c 350F

they were thrown into agitation,

saying that it must be an apparitiond,
yes, in their fear, they cried out.
14:27
At once Yeshua – it was him! – shouted to them, saying
“Calm down; it’s me! Don’t be afraid!”
Kefa and Yeshua
14:28
And responding, Kefa said to him,
“Master¡ is it you?!
Then, tell me right now to come to you over the waters!”
14:29
And he said, “Come over!”
And Kefa, having getting down from the ship,
walked over the waters e to come{/mss} toward Yeshua.
351F

14:30
However, seeing the wind – {how strong it was},
he became afraid,
and as he started to go under, cried out,
“Master¡ save me!”
14:31
And at once Yeshua stretched out his hand
and took hold of him and says,
“Such little faith! what did make you falter f?” 352F

14:32
And when they got into the ship,
the storm wind died down.
14:33
And those in the ship threw themselves on their faces before him,
saying “Truly a God’s song you’re!” ◊

a 14:25 down to the sea ░░ \epi tēn thalassēn (accu.) (//Jn 6:16) (cf. ↓v. 26 with genitive) [cf. //Mk 6:48 with genitive
same as in the next verse.] /xx: on the sea – most; /xx: on the lake; (- giving a wrong picture ‘walk on the water' (see GG)
of the Lake); /x: over the sea – NWT; [thalassa 'sea', here 'Lake Galilee' – 7-mile wide.]
b 14:26 someone ░░ = Mk 6:49 [Gk. Him (= Yeshua). It’s kept anonymous in IRENT since they did not recognize as to

who it was until after v. 27.]

c 14:26 walk on [the shore of] the sea ░░ \epi tēs thalassēs (gen.) (= //Mk 6:48 cf. ↑ v. 25 with acc.) [/= by the Lake;

/x: on the sea - most; /x: over the sea – NWT; /xxxx: walk on the water – NET, GNB, CEV, ERV, NLT; [Cf. an English
idiom, ‘live on the Lake’];
d 14:26 apparition ░░ /xx: spirit; /xx: ghost;
e 14:29 over the waters ░░ /x: on the water – KJV (conflate with ↑ vv. 25-26 Yeshua’s ‘walking down on to the sea’]
f 14:31 falter [+] ░░ [ – Couldn’t make yourself convinced of what you see?] [Same verb in 28:17]
g 14:33 a God’s son ░░ /> God’s Son – NASB; /xx: the Son of God – most; /
 Mt 14:34-36 {//Mk +6:53-56} (//Jn 6:22-25) Healings at Gennesaret
14:34
And when they had crossed over [to the other side of the Lake],
they came to the plain of GENNESARET. [⇨15:21]
14:35
And when the people there recognized him,
they sent word into all that region around
and brought to him everyone who was sick,
14:36
and they kept pleading with him
to let them just grasp the tassel of his robe;
and all those who touched it were made completely well.

(Mt 15)
Refuting religious traditions
Mt 15:1-9 {//Mk +7:1-13} Refuting religious traditions
15:1 Then there came to Yeshua some soferim and Pharisees
from Yerusalem [to find out about him],
saying
15:2
“How is it that we see your disciples doing something
contrary a to the °traditionb of the °Eldersc?
35F

See, they do neglect ritual washing of {their} hands d 35 F

before eating bread.” [//Mk 7:2; cf. Lk 11:37-38]

15:3
And in reply he said to them,
“Why, indeed, do yoů on yoůr part act contrary
to the very °commandment of the Elohim
for the sake of the tradition [of the Elders] yoů have?
15:4
Let’s see: the Elohim said,
<☼Honor your father and your mother> and,
<☼Anyone who is speaking ill of father or mother —
Let him go down to death.>
15:5
But it is what yoů yourselves say:
<If a man tells his father or mother that:
“Whatever from me you might have had for your use
— it is set aside as a gift dedicated to God e”,356F

15:6
once he has done that, then in no way he would attend
to the need of f his father {or his mother} g.
357F 358F

a
15:2, 3 do contrary to ░░ /violate; /> transgress – KJV
b
15:2 the tradition ░░ (i.e. of interpretation of the Scripture) [→ the unwritten oral tradition. Cf. ‘Oral
Torah’, precursor of later Mishnah (c. 200 CE) of Talmud of Rabbinic Judaism.]
c
15:2 the Elders ░░ [→ the Elders of Yehudim people’ Mt 16:21ff]
d
15:2 washing of hands ░░ [one of Takanot (rabbinical enactments)]
e
15:6 gift dedicated to God ░░ [Mk 7:11 called it ‘korban’ (Heb. qorban - Lev 1:2; Num 5:15)]
f
15:6 attend ~ to the need of ░░ [i.e. ‘honor’]
g
15:6 mother [+] ░░ [+by using it for them, as yoů are obligated to the vow.]
 (15:6)
Thus yoů have made the commandment{/mss} a of the Elohim
359F

no longer in force to suit the tradition yoů have.

15:7
Yoů pedantic hypocrites [of religiosity]¡
Isaiah [the prophet] prophesied well concerning yoů,
– saying
15:8
<These people {are drawing near to me
with their mouth
and} are honoring me with their lips;
yet their heart is far from me.
15:9
To no purpose there they’re worshiping me;
teaching the man-made precepts as doctrines.>” {Isa 29:13 LXX} ◊

What defiles the body

Mt 15:10-20 {//Mk +7:14-23} Teaching on defilement
15:10
And he called to him the crowd and said to them,
“Listen and understand this:
15:11
It is not what goes in through the mouth
that makes a person ritually unclean;
but it is what comes out from the mouth
that makes the person ritually unclean.”
15:12
Then the disciples came and said to him,
“Are you aware that
when the Pharisees heard what you said,
they were quite offended at it?”
15:13
In reply, he said:
“
Every plant that my heavenly father has not planted
will be pulled up by the roots.
15:14
Let them be! [+ Such hypocrites of religious leaders!]
Blind guides {of the blind people} is what they are.
And if a blind one acts as a guide to another blind one,
both surely are going to fall into a pit.”
15:15
And Kefa answered and said to him,
“Be kind enough to explain the parable for us!”

15:16
And Yeshua said,

“Yoů all don’t have a clue yet!

15:17
Don’t yoů understand that
whatever gets into the mouth goes down to the belly
and then passes out into a latrine?

a
15:6 commandment {/mss} ░░ {/word - as meaning in Hebrew word ‘commandment’.}
 15:18
But whatever comes out from the mouth
does actually come out of the mind, a 360F

and it is these things that make a person defiled,

[not things going in through the mouth] .
15:19
Indeed, among the things
which come out of the heart and mind are
— evil thoughts, killings, adulteries, sexual immoralities b, 361F

thefts, false testimonies, slanders …

15:20
These are what really make a person defiled;
but as to eating with unwashed hands …
such thing is not going to make the person defiled.” ◊
…

a
15:18 mind ░░ [Gk. kardia ‘heart’ is figurative’
b
15:19 sexual immoralities ░░ /x: fornications – KJV; [Cf. marital infidelity 5:32; 19:9]
Canaanite woman’s faith
15:21-28 {//Mk +7:24-30} Canaanite (Syro-Phoenician) woman
15:21 And Yeshua left there [the land of GENNESARET] [⇦14:34]
And made his next move northward
to the region of Tyre and Sidon [in PHOENICIA].
15:22
And look!
a Canaanite a woman from those regions came out
362F

and cried out to him, – saying

“Have pity on me, O Master b, son of David¡
36F

. . . my daughter is demon-afflicted, terribly so.”

15:23
But he, in reply to her, would not give a word, [+ being unable to respond]
[+ as shocked at the confession she made for her own].
Then his disciples came up and urged him, – saying
“Make her somehow go on her away, please.
[+You can do something for her, can’t you?]
See that she keeps crying out behind us!”
[+ They wondered why their Master even made into the Gentile regions;
where, as they saw, they had no business to be up here.]
15:24
But this was the reply Yeshua made to the disciples:
“I’m not sent c except to the ☼‘lost sheep
364F

of the ☼House of Yisrael’, [have I?] ” [10:6]

15:25
But she came up and prostrated herself before him,
saying “Sir, please do help me!”
15:26
Answering to her he said,
“It’s not fitting, you see,
to take the bread for the waiting] children
and toss it to the little-dogsd [in the house], [is it?]”
15:27
But she said,
“No, sir¡ of course not. [But, here I am;
as determined to be treated like little-dogs to get help.]
Even the little-dogs, you see, eat the crumbs
falling from their master′s table, don’t they?”
15:28
Then Yeshua answered and said to her,
“O such a lady¡ e great is your faith!
365 F

Let it be done for you as you desire!”

And her daughter was healed from that very hour. ◊

a
15:22 Canaanite ░░ [‘Syro-Phoenician’ in //Mk 7:24-30]
b
15:22 O Master ░░ [vocative. ‘Sir¡’ ‘Master¡’ ‘Lord¡’]
c
15:24 I’m not sent except ░░ [Referring to His earthy mission for Yeshua to begin and to cover.]
d
15:27 toss to the little-dogs ░░ /x: throw at the dogs;
e
15:28 lady ░ /woman – most; [the nuance in modern English usage in vocative is unfit here.]
Healing a deaf mute and many others
15:29-31 {//Mk +7:31-37} Healing many
15:29 And Yeshua departed from there, and coming back
he reached the eastern shore of the Lake of Galilee
[into the region of Decapolis] [← Mk 7:25],
then went up to the hillside.
he was sitting down in a place there.
15:30
And large crowds came to him,
having the lame, blind, deaf, maimed
and many others with them.
They laid them down against the feet of Yeshua,
and he healed them: a 36F

15:31
so-that the crowd marveled
as they witnessed the deaf speaking,
{
the maimed, restored}, and the lame, walking
and the blind, seeing.
They gave praise to the Elohim of Yisrael. ◊

Feeding four thousand

15:32-39 {//Mk +8:1-10} (cf. Mt 14:12b-21) Four thousand are fed b 367 F

15:32 And Yeshua called his disciples to him and said,

“Pity for the crowd c [+in this Gentile region] !
368 F

Already for three days

they’ve stuck themselves with me;
and here they have nothing to eat, do they?
Yea, I don’t want let them go away hungry
— worrisome that they may get exhausted on their way home.”
15:33
And his disciples say to him,
“How in this wilderness can we get enough loaves
to satisfy so great a crowd?”
15:34
And Yeshua said to them,
“How many loaves do yoů happen to have?”

“Seven loaves . . .,” they answered,

“and a few small-fish here”
15:35
So he told the crowd to recline on the ground.

a
15:30 healed them ░ [Mt does not record a full pericope of Mk 7:32-36 <healing of a deaf mute>]
b
15:32 <Four thousand fed>░░ [Cf. Another pericope of Feeding Five Thousand in 14:1-21 = //Mk 6:32-
44; //Lk 9:10-17; //Jn 6:1-15).]
c
15:32 crowd ░░ [fed the Gentiles in Decapolis region; cf. 14:14 - Judaic people in Galilee.]
 15:36
And he took the seven loaves and the fish,
and gave thanksa
and broke them and gave to his disciples.
Then, the disciples [handed on] to the crowds.
15:37
And everyone ate and had their fill;
and they took up pieces left over — seven hampers full!
15:38
And those who were fed were about four thousand mmen, [16:10]
not counting women and children.
15:39
And he dismissed the crowds and got into the small-ship
and came into the region of Magadan . b◊ 369F

(Mt 16)
Pharisees demand a sign
Mt 16:1-4 {//Mk +8:11-13} Pharisees demand a sign
16:1 There the Pharisees and Sadducees c 370F came to Yeshua
to put him to test in challenge,
they asked to show them a sign from the heaven
[to prove who he was with his God-given authority].
16:2
But replying, he said to them,
“When evening comes, yoů would say
<It’s going to be fair weather> as the sky is red as sun sets.
16:3
And in the morning, <It’s going to be bad weather today>
as the sky is red but darkening with overcast. [cf. Lk 12:54-55]
{Yoů hypocrites¡} indeed, the appearance of the sky
yoů know how to interpret;
but the signs of the times yoů are not able to.}
16:4
An evil and adulterous generation keeps
asking for a sign.
Well, no sign shall be given to it,
other than the sign d as Yonah the prophet himself was.” [= 12:39]
371F

And he left them and went away. ◊

a
15:36 gave thanks [+] ░░ [+ to the One who brings bread out of the earth’]
b 15:39 Magadan ░░ {/> Magdala - KJV} [‘Dalmanutha’ - //Mk 8:10]
c 16:1, 6, 11, 12 Sadducees ░░ (also in 3:7; 22:23, 34) [the religious faction holding political power during the Second

Temple period of Judaism; colluding with the occupying Romans. Played the leading role to bring Yeshua to execution.
Cf. Yehudim of the ruling authority (> ‘Jews’) of G-John.] [See BW]
d 16:4 sign as Yonah the prophet himself was ░░ /sign of Jonah – most; /
Lessen on leavening of the Pharisees
Mt 16:5-12 {//Mk +8:14-21} (cf. Lk 12:1) Leavening of the Pharisees
16:5 When his disciples came to the other side [across the sea],
they had neglected to take loaves of bread along with them.
16:6
And Yeshua said to them,
“Watch out and be on your guard against the leavening a 372F

of the Pharisees
and Sadducees b .” 37F

16:7
And the disciples began reasoning the matter among themselves,
saying
“we have not taken bread along with us.
[Is it what he has in mind?] ”
16:8
And Yeshua knowing this, said to them,
“O yoů of little faith,
why are yoů reasoning among yourselves
that yoů have no loaf-of-bread?
16:9
Don’t yoů understand yet? Don’t yoů remember
the five loaves feeding five thousand?
and how many baskets yoů took up afterwards? [←Mt 14:20-21]
16:10
Or, the seven loaves for the four thousand?
and how many hampers yoů took up then? [←Mt 15:37-38]
16:11
How is it that yoů don’t see that
I was not talking to yoů about bread as such?
I am telling yoů: beware of the very leavening
by the Pharisees and Sadducees!”
16:12
Then they became to realize
that he was telling to watch out
not for the leavening of the bread as such,
but for the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees. ◊

a 16:6, 11, 12 leavening ░░ [*leavening effect as in the process of baking bread rather than leavening agent as such.]
[Cf. sourdough - Mt 13:33]
b 16:6 Sadducees ░░ [Cf. Herodians - //Mk 8:15]
Part III (Ch. 16:13 – Ch. 25:) His Prelude to Passion

PART III
16:13 – 25:46 His Prelude to Passion a 374F

III. A. Getting on the Way toward the Cross

III. A. Getting on the Way toward the Cross (16:13 – 18: 35)
Yeshua confronts Kefa
Mt 16:13-19, 20a {//Mk 8:27-30; Lk 9:18-21} So-called Peter’s confessionb
16:13 Now Yeshua came
into the region of Caesarea Philippi c far in the north. ○
375F
M A
E
[G-Lk Ø]
d
There [coming into their view was its famous massive rock cliff] 376F

He asked his disciples, – saying

“Who do the people say that the Son-of-man e is to be?” 37F

16:14
And they replied:
“Some say <Yohanan the Immerser>; some say <Eliyahu>,
and others say <Yirmeyahu, or one of such prophets>.”
16:15
He says to them,
“Now yoů, who do yoů say I am to be?”
16:16
And [it was] Shimon Kefaf [who] answered, saying
“You? why! you, you are the true Anointed One, g
the Son of the Elohim the Living One!” h

a
A 16:13 – 18:35 <The Way to the Cross>
16:13-20 Kefas’ confession {//Mk 8:27-30; Lk 9:18-21}
16:21-23 Foretelling His Suffering and Death {//Mk +8:31-37; //Lk +9:22-27}
16:24-27 Conditions of discipleship {//Mk +8:34-38; //Lk +9:23-26}
16:27 – 17:13 Transfiguration Vision {//Mk 9:1-13; Lk 9:27-36}
17:14 – 18:35 Healing and Teaching {//Mk+9:14-48; //Lk 9:37 – 19:27} (Cf. Lk includes B)
+ B 19:1-20:34 <Yeshua’s Judean Ministry> + C. 21:1 – 25:46 <Final Ministry in Yerusalem>
b 16:13-20 <Kefas’ confession> ░░ [So-called <Peter’s confession> is a thematically inadequate term. It is Yeshua’s
confronting Kefa with ‘who do you think I am’.]
c 16:13 Caesarea Philippi ░░ [25 miles north of the Sea of Galilee.]
d 16:13 massive rock cliff ░░ [Below it there existed a temple for Greek god Pan and another one for Caesar.]
e 16:13 this Son-of-man ░░ [= a man (in Aramaic) - circumlocution of ‘I’ for self-designation by Yeshua.] [Cf. He never

called Himself ‘Son of Elohim’]

f 16:16 Shimon Kefa ░░ [→ 16:18] [a typical Johannine phrase is only once here in the Synoptics]
g 16:16 the Anointed One ░░ [Cf. v. 20] />> the Mashiah; /xxx: the Christ; [Here not as his title.] [He himself did not

say he was the Mashiah, but accepted his disciple’s confession: he was ‘the Anointed one of Elohim’ (Lk 9:20) (‘the
Anointed One //Mk 8:29), i.e. ‘the promised One to come, a Mashiah-king figure.]
h 16:16 the Son of Elohim, the Living One ░░ [Cf. ‘Mashiah of Elohim’ //Mt 9:20; ‘Mashiah’ //Mk 8:29] [cf. ‘God’s

son’ in 27:43, Lk 1:35] /**the Son of the living God – most; [Not ‘God the Son’.]
 Mt 16: 17-19, 20b {//Mk Ø; Lk Ø} Living community of Mashiah
16:17
In response Yeshua said to him,
“Blessed are you [indeed],
Shimon, BarYonah¡ a [Jn 21:15ff]
indeed, it is not [mere mortal] flesh and blood as such
but my heavenly+ Father
who has revealed this [truth] to you.
16:18a
Yes, I, I say to you is this:
you, you are ‘Kefa’ b. 380F

And [as you’ve confessed of me, look!]

upon the foundation of this rockc [7:24
……b
I’ll raise up the gathered-up God’s peopled
called into my name;
yeah, gates of Hadese [Rev 20:13-14] [to keep its power]
shall not have strength to fendf against her!
16:19
I’ll give you, Kefa, — the keys g 38 F

belonging to the Kingdom reign of the heavens.

And whatever you forbid on earth
shall have already been forbidden in the heavens,
and whatever you permit on the earth
shall have been permitted in the heavens.” [cf. pl. in - //18:18; cf. Jn 20:23]
16:20
Then he strictly charged the disciples that they should tell no one
[+until all be accomplished to the full through his death]
that <he himself is the [promised] Mashiah>. ◊

a 16:18 BarYonah ░░ [‘son of Yonah’ in Aramaic.]

b 16:18 ‘Kefa’ ░░ [in Heb./Aramaic, meaning ‘stone’ ‘rocky’]; /> Peter; [a Greek translation word. Yeshua called him
by his original name ‘Shimon’, not by 'Peter'. ‘Kefa’ was given to him (only here in G-Mt), later in Yeshua’s ministry.]
c 16:18 this rock ░░ [allusion to the rock formation in Caesarea Philippi. Cannot be other than Yeshua himself; not

Peter, the first pope of Catholic Church.] [1Co 10:4; Eph 2:20; Mt 7:24; Cf. Isa 28:16 LXX; 1Pe 2:6; Rm 9:33]
d 16:18 the gathered-up God’s people called into my name ░░ [Gk. ekklesia – a gathered people called into the name

of Yeshua the Mashiah to participate in His Life. Same Gk. word in Mt 18:17 in a different sense.] [He himself will
‘build’ His, not ‘*Church’ of Christian religions.] [≈ ‘little flock’ Lk 12:32]; /xx: my church – most; /x: my congregation;
e 16:18 Hades ░░ /x: hell; /inferno (in Latin); [Gk. Hades = Heb. sheol. the realm of the dead ones] [‘death and Hades’

– Rev 1:18; 6:8; 20:13-14]; [‘gates of Hades’; /x: the gates of hell – KJV]
f 16:18 have strength to fend ░░ /x: prevail – KJV;
g 16:19 keys belonging to the Kingdom ░░ [for proclaiming the Kingdom reign which is at the core of the Gospel, not

for holding power or authority by a mortal man (see v. 24 Kefa got rebuked)]
#1 Foretelling His death & resurrection
Mt 16:21 {//Mk +8:31; //+Lk 9:22} Foretelling a His death & resurrection
384F

16:21 From then on, Yeshua began explaining his disciples

that it is necessary b for him to go to Yerusalem
385F

 and suffer many things from the Eldersd

c
F

and chief priests and soferim

 and be put to deathe
 and on the third day be raised up [to Life]. [= 17:23; 20:19] [Cf. Hos 6:2]

Rebuking Kefa
Mt 16:22-23 {//Mk +8:32-33} Rebuking Kefa
16:22
And Kefa took him and began to rebuke him, – saying
“Mercy on you, Master¡
No, never this must happen to yoů!”
16:23
But he turned and said to Kefa,
“Begone from me, a satan f¡ [cf. 4:10 v.l.]
386F

What a stumbling-block you’re putting in my way!

See that the thoughts you harbor are
not those of the Elohim but of men g.” 387F

Mt 16:24-27 {//Mk +8:34-38; //Lk 9:23-26} (Mt 10:38-39 //Lk 14:27; 17:33) Conditions of discipleship
16:24
Then Yeshua said to his disciples,

“If  anyone ever desires to come after me [on my journey] ,

▪ he must decisively say 'No'h to his very selfi, 3

▪ and take up the execution stake j of his own 390F

—  and be a follower of me.

16:25
In fact, whoever wants to keep their+ own lifek safe 391

shall have it lost l 392F

and whoever loses their+ own life for my sake

shall have it found [back] .

a 16:21 <Foretelling of His death and resurrection> ░░ [2nd time - 17:23; 3rd time - 20:19] [It is ‘foretelling’ of what is
to come on the course; there is no such thing as ‘prediction'.]
b 16:21 it is necessary ░░ [in this context, it is a circumlocution for ‘by God’s will’]
c 16:21 suffer many things ░░ [here, ‘suffering’ does not refer to the crucifixion]
d 16:21 the Elders ░░ [← 15:2 → 26:57, 59; 27:3, 12, 20, 41; 28:12] [= ‘the Elders of the people’ - 21:23; 26:3, 47; 27:1]
e 16:21 put to death ░░ />> killed; [not simply ‘kill’ but ‘execute’]
f 16:23 *satan ░░ (//Mk 8:33) [i.e. as satan - a human adversary’ (to God’s will) - uncapitalized] [Cf. ‘the Satan’ 12:26]
g 16:23 thoughts ~ of man░░ [thoughts centered on man’s desire for worldly things; God as a means]
h 16:24 say ‘No’ to ░░ /deny – most; /
i 16:24 very self [+] ░░ [‘sacrosanct self’, being one’s own Master]; (Gk. heautou ‘oneself’); [cf. ≈ Gk. psuchē (‘*life’

‘*soul’) in v. 25.] [Here ‘self-abnegation’ is of my will and my desire (for pleasure, pride, and power) and things which
provide me satisfaction and joy, occupying the center of my mind – to be replaced by God’s desire and concerns.]
j 16:24 execution stake ░░ [synecdoche for its cross-beam; used in a figurative sense (10:38) – a picture of a criminal

marching on the way to execution, carrying it shamed through a jeering mob.] [At this stage of the Gospel narrative, there
is no allusion yet to the Cross as the symbol of death of Yeshua]; /x: *cross;
k 16:25 life ░░ [Gk. psuchē ‘being of life’ = Mt 10:28, 39]; /soul – NWT3; [cf. ≈ ‘very self’ Gk. heautou - v. 24]
l 16:25 lost ░░ [Gk. appollumi]; /ruined;
 16:26
Indeed, what benefit does a person get,
if it is the whole world that he gains,
yet forfeit a his own life?
39F

Or what shall a person offer as a ransom

for his own life [about to be forfeited]?
16:27
Yoů see, the Son-of-man shall come [cf. 24:30-31; 25:31-34]
in the glory [Tit 2:13] of his Father and accompanied by his angels,
and will ☼render to each one
according to what one has done.” {☼Psa 62:12} [cf. Rev 22:12]

Transfiguration vision – Reality of God’s Kingdom reign

Mt 16:28 {//Mk +9:1; //Lk +9:27} God’s Kingdom reign to be shown b 394F

16:28 [And he said to them], [← Mk 9:1]

“Yes! I’m telling yoů, some [of yoů] standing here

shall surely not come to face death, c 395F

until they see d the Son-of-man

396 F

coming in the Kingdom reign of Him e.”

(Mt 17)
Mt 17:1-17:9 {//Mk +9:2-10; //Lk +9:28-36, 37a} Transfiguration vision
17:1
Accordingly, six days later,
Yeshua takes Kefa, also Yaakob and Yohan his brother,
and led them up a high mountain
where there were to be all by themselves with him.

17:2
And there [as he was praying]
he was changed in appearance f to the eyes of them,
and his ☼face shined bright – as the sun {☼Ex 34:29}
and his robe became gleaming white – as the light.
17:3
And behold, there appeared to them
Moses and Eliyahu [2Kg 2:11], g conversing with him h.
397F 398F

a 16:26 forfeit ░░ /x: lose (- v. 25); [Cf. word play in //Lk 9:25 ‘lose or forfeit’]
b 16:28 <verse> ░░ [This, as literary transitio, should begin here as a new paragraph <Transfiguration>, as in Mk 9:1.]
c 16:28 come to face death ░░ /> experience death – NET; /x: die – GNB; /x: taste (of) death – KJV, most;
d 16:28 they see ░░ [referring to the Transfiguration vision (of the Kingdom reign of Elohim in Yeshua) which comes

up in the next paragraph – Note a misleading chapter break here.]

e 16:28 of Him ░░ [= of Elohim in //Mk, //Lk] [Cf. Mt 13:41 “his kingdom ~ of the Son-of-man”]
f 17:2 changed in appearance ░░ [=Mk 9:2; Cf. Lk 9:29] [their vision changed, not Yeshua’s reality] /> transfigured;
g 17:3 Moses and Eliyahu ░░ representing the Torah and the Nevi’im, respectively, of the Old Covenant – along with

Yeshua representing Grace of the New Covenant – Cf. Jn 1:17]

h 17:3 conversing with Him [+] ░░ [+ about his ‘departure’ which he was about to take in Yerusalem]; [← Lk 9:31]
 17:4
And [as the two were leaving] [Lk 9:33] Kefa said to Yeshua in response,
“Master¡ it is good for us to be here!
If you desire …
we should put up here three tentsa — one for you …
also one for Moses and one for Eliyahu . . .”
17:5
While Kefa was still speaking,
look! a bright cloud threw its shadow over them
and behold! a voice out of the cloud, saying,
“This is my ☼Son b, the beloved; [3:17; Heb 1:5]
In him I take great delight; [ ☼Isa 42:1]
☼Listen attentively to him [ ☼Deu 18:15] c!” 39F

17:6
And at hearing this the disciples fell to the ground on their face
and became very much afraid.
17:7
And Yeshua came near and grasped them and said,
“Get up. Do not be afraid.”
17:8
And raising their eyes, they saw no one but Yeshua himself only.
17:9
And as they were coming down from the mountain,
Yeshua commanded them, – saying
“To no one yoů should tell this vision yoů have seen,
until [after] the Son-of-man be raised up
from among the dead. d” 40F

Mt 17:10-13 {//Mk +9:11-13} Yohanan as Eliyahu

17:10 And his disciples asked him, – saying
“Why then do the soferim maintain that it is necessary
for Eliyahu to return first [before the promised Mashiah comes]?”
17:11
And Yeshua answering, said to them,

“☼Eliyahu? e
401F

yes, it is quite true that

 he does come {first} and it is he who is going to make
all things put back in order [through the Lord] . f{☼Mal 4:5} [Lk 1:17]
402F

a 17:4 tents ░░ /booths; /x: tabernacles; /x: shelters; [allusion to the Festival of Tents (Sukkot)]
b 17:5 my Son ░░ [Yeshua is not ‘God the Son’]
c 17:5 to him [+] ░░ [+ for what he is going to say]
d
17:9 from among the dead ░░ /from the dead – most; [not ‘from death’ – CEV] [The phrase connotes
‘general resurrection’ which is initiated by the *resurrection of Yeshua.]
e17:11 Eliyahu? [+] ░░ [+ Yoů are here talking about Eliyahu!]
f17:11 put back in order through the Lord [+] ░░ [+— everything necessary for the Mashiah to be recognized and
received]
 17:12
Yes, I tell yoů:
as for Eliyahu, he has already come!
and they didn’t give him any recognition,
instead, they did to him whatever they wanted.
In the same way, it is the Son-of-man
who also is about to suffer in their hands .”

17:13
((At that it dawned upon the disciples
that it was really about Yohanan the Immerser
when he told of Eliyahu to them.)) [cf. 11:14] ◊

Healing an epileptic
Mt 17:14-21 {//Mk +9:14-29; //Lk 9:37-43a} Healing an epileptic son
17:14 And when they had come down to encounter the crowd,
a man came up to him,
kneeling down to him, – saying
17:15
“Sir¡ have pity on my son:
It is that he is epileptic and suffers miserably;
you see, he often falls into the fire
and often into the water.
17:16
And I did bring him to your disciples
but they could not heal him.”
17:17
There in response, Yeshua said,

“O, ☼generation of people I see

— with no faith a in God and perverting truth!
403F
b
40F

[+ O my, do yoů all see to that?]

How long must I be with yoů-all?
How long am I to bear with yoů? . . .
[And told the father,] [Lk 9:41]
“Bring the son here to me.”
17:18
And Yeshua rebuked the demonic spirit and it came out and left the boy,
and the boy was healed from that hour.
17:19
Then the disciples came to Yeshua privately and said,
“Why is it that we on our part were not able to cast it out?”

a17:17 with no faith ░░ /> faithless; /x: unfaithful; /x: unbelieving;

b17:17 perverting truth [+] ░░ [+ from their thoughts by putting man’s will first as God’s – those in power.] [Phi
2:15] {☼Deut 32:5}
 17:20-21 (cf. Lk 17:5-6 in a different place) Faith small as a mustard seed
17:20
And Yeshua said to them,

“It’s because yoů have such little faith{/mss}.

And indeed I’m telling yoů:
When yoů have faith [from God]
this much as a mustard seed, [Lk 17:6]
yoů’ll be able to say [+something like]
to this mountain-hill, a 405F

<Get up from here and move over there>,

then it would move over.
Yes, nothing would be impossible to yoů.” b 406F

17:21
{But this kind [of demonic spirit] does not come out and be driven off
except [+by the power of holy spirit] with prayer {and fasting}.} [← Mk 9:29] {mss}

#2 Foretelling His death & resurrection

Mt 17:22-23 {//Mk +9:30-32; //Lk +9:43b-45} Foretelling His death & resurrection
17:22 And it was while they were gathered together in Galilee
that Yeshua said to them,
“The Son-of-man is about to be delivered up
into the hands of men;
17:23
and they will put him to death
and on the third day he will be raised up.” [=16:21; 20:19] [Cf. Hos 6:2]

And they were very much grieved.

a 17:20 mountain-hill ░░ [Cf. ‘mulberry tree’ in Lukan parallel]

b 17:20 nothing ~ impossible to you [+] ░░ [+ in carrying out things when God has set out for yoů to do]
About paying miqdash-tax
Mt 17:24-27 About paying temple-tax
17:24 And when they reached KepharNahum,
the collectors of the miqdash-tax a came to Kefa
407F

and said,
“Yoůr teacher doesn’t pay the miqdash-tax, does he?”
17:25
He says, “Yeah.”
17:25b
And as Kefa was coming into the house, Yeshua, cutting him off
[+ before Kefa could tell him what happened],
spoke to him
[+— thus to save him from embarrassment he has made] —
beginning to ask this way:
“What do you think, Shimon?
See, those who rule as kings on this earth —
from whom do they collect
such custom duties or a poll-tax?
From their own subjets or from foreign residents b?” 408F

17:26
And Kefa says to him,
“From foreign residents, isn’t it?”

Yeshua said to him,

“You see, it is a fact, isn’t it, — that
from such taxes, yoů, the sons [of Yisrael] are exempt. c
409F

17:27
Yet, at any rate, it’s better not offend them: d410F

[Now, why don’t] you go down to the Lake

and cast a fishing hook.
And when you take the first fish that comes up
and open its mouth,
[there it is!]
a shekel coin you’ll find ;-)
— that one you take it and give it to them
[to pay the miqdash-tax] for me, also for you.” ◊

a
17:24 miqdash-tax ░░ (temple-tax); [Gk. didrachma (= double drachma coin) = half-shekel tax paid
annually by every adult man to support the Mishkan. (Exo 30:13-16).]
b
17:25 foreign residents ░░ /xx: strangers – KJV;
c
17:26 exempt [+] ░░ [+ Speaking of the temple tax, however, I, as the son, should be even more so
exempt from it.]
d
17:27 offend them [+] ░░ [— they might want to take issue with my case, making a fuss]
Fourth Section of Teaching

Ch. 18:1-35 The Fourth Section of Teaching

(Mt 18)
“Servants’ of true greatness in the Kingdom reign
Mt 18:1-5 {//Mk +9:33-37; //Lk +9:46-48} ‘servants’ of true greatness in the Kingdom
18:1 The disciples came to Yeshua at that time and asked:
“Which onea among us is really greaterb
in the Kingdom reign of the heavens?”
18:2
So Yeshua called a child up to him and put in the midst of them,
18:3
and said,
“Yes! I’m telling yoů,
unless yoů get turned around [with yoůr mind]
and become like children, c 412F

yoů’re never going to have come andd

enter into the Kingdom reign of the heavens. [//Mt 5:20]
18:4
Whoever then humbles himself down to be like this child,
is the very one greater
in [relation to] the Kingdom reign of the heavens.
18:5
And whoever receivese one such childf
on [the basis of] my name [as I am doing]
it is in fact me whom they receive and welcome.

Mt 18:6-7 {//Lk 17:1-2} {v. 6 //Mk 9:42} Those causing others to stumble
18:6
But whosoever causes any of these little ones stumble to sin
who believe and come to abide in me
— it would be better off for them+ to have hung on their+ neck
a large millstone worked by a donkey
and to be sunk down in the open sea.”
18:7
“How terrible it would be for the world
because of those stumbling-blocks!
I’d better tell you, it is necessary that
in reality there should be such stumbling-blocks.
Nevertheless, how terrible it would be for the very hman
is responsible for such a stumbling-block!”
↓↓

a 18:1 which one among us is ░░ />> who is;

b 18:1 greater ░░ /x: greatest – most; /
c 18:3 like *children ░░ [Their eyes have not opened to and their mind unattached to the worldly value system; what is

prized in the world is counted as nothing.] [not about being humble, docile, or innocent they might be.]
d
18:3 come and enter ░░ /> enter ~; [i.e. ‘have come to Me, entering’; /x: ‘will go to heaven after death’];
e
18:3 receive ░░ [‘accept; share space’; x: welcome (as of hospitality)]
f
18:3 child ░░ [Word play in Aramaic: child = servant]
 Mt 18:8-11 {//Mk +9:43-48} (also //Mt 5:29-30) No excuse
18:8
“And if [as you so claim] it is your hand or your foot
that could ever be the thing which causes you stumble,
[in that case, why not]
cut it off and throw it away from you ?
it is better for you to get into the Life [eternal]
though you are maimed or lame,
rather than to have two hands or two feet intact
but be thrown into the eternal fire.
18:9
And if [as you so claim] it is your eye
that could ever be the thing which causes you stumble,
[in that case,
why not] pluck it out and throw away from you ?
it is better for you to get into the Life [eternal]
with only one eye remaining
rather than to have two eyes intact
but be thrown down to GeHinnom {of the fire}.”

↓↓
Mt 18:10
18:10
See that yoů do not look down on any one of these little ones;
indeed, I’m telling yoů that
their [guardian] angels in heavens are always
in the presence of my heavenly+ Father. ◊

Mt 18:11 Transitio
18:11
{Indeed, the Son-of-man came to save what was lost.}

Parable of a lost sheep

Mt 18:12-14 {Cf. Lk 15:3-7} Parable of a lost sheep
18:12
“What do yoů think?
If someone has a hundred sheep
and one of them wanders off and gets astray,
would he not lay aside the ninety-nine
penned there on the hillside
and set out and look for the one that went astray?
18:13
And when he comes to find it,
yes! I’m telling yoů, he rejoices over it
more than over the ninety-nine not gone astray.
18:14
Thus, what yoůr heavenly+ Father desires
is that none of these little ones to perish.” ◊
↓↓
↓↓
Mt 18:15-17 (cf. Lk 17:3b) Correcting a brother going astray
18:15 “And if you have one of your fellow brethren
does a grave wrong a {to you},
41F

go to him alone and let him see what he has done wrong
— privately between the two of you alone:
If he listens to you, you have won your brother over.
18:16
But if he will not listen,
take one or two others along with you,
so that ☼from the mouth of two or three testifiers
every matter brought up may be made certain and attested.
18:17
And if he refuses to listen to them,
tell it to the gathered people b for such matter;
415F

and if he also refuses to listen to the gathered,

treat him as a gentile or a tax-profiteer.
Mt 18:18-20 Insertio
18:18@
Yes! I’m telling yoů-all,
whatever yoů bind on the earth
shall have already beenc bound in the heaven,
and whatever yoů-all permit on the earth
shall have already been permitted in the heaven. [//16:19b; cf. Jn 20:23]
18:19
Again I’m telling yoů
that if two of yoů agree on earth
concerning any matter whatever they ask,
it will be done for them by my heavenly+ Father.
18:20
Indeed, <where two or three are joined
[into one mind over such a matter] ☼in my name,
know that I’m there in their midst>.”
↓↓
Parable of an unforgiving servant
Mt 18:21-35 (cf. Lk 17:4) Parable of an unforgiving servant
18:21 At that point, hearing this, Kefa came up
and said to Yeshua,
“Master¡ how often should I forgive my fellow brother
for doing grave wrongs d to me? 417F

Seven times, would it be enough?”

18:22
Yeshua says to him,
“Seven times? Hardly enough!
I’m telling you,
even as many as seventy times and seven:

a
18:15 does a grave wrong ░░ (= v. 21); /x: trespasses – KJV; /x: sins – most; /x: offend;
b 18:17 gathered people over such matter ░░ [Cf. 16:18]; /x: congregation; >> assembly; /xx: church – KJV etc.;
c 18:18 shall have already been (forbidden) ░░ /x: shall be (bound) – KJV;
d 18:21 do grave wrongs to ░░ /x: do *sin against; [In Aramaic, debt = sin] [//Lk 17:3, 4. Also 1Co 8:12]
 18:23
it is, you see, because the Kingdom reign of the heavens is like this:
there was a king who wanted to have accounts
straightened up with his servants [who owed him] .
18:24
And as he began to straighten it up,
there brought to him was one servant,
who owed ten thousand talents [of silver money]a. 418

18:25
Because he had no way to pay it back,
his master ordered that the servant along with his wife
and children and all that he had to be sold
and the account to be paid off.
18:26
“Then the servant, falling down on his knees,
prostrated himself before the master
and implored – saying
<Master¡ be patient with me.
Everything to you I’ll pay back, I will!>

18:27
And the master of that servant, having compassion on him,
released him and forgave him the loan, letting him go.
18:28
“But that servant went out
and found one of his fellow-servants,
who owed him one hundred denarii b, 419F

and he grabbed him

and, choking him,
said <Pay back what you owe me, now! Will you?>
18:29
“Then, his fellow-servant threw himself down
and pleaded with the master,
saying <Be patient with me and I will pay you.>
18:30
And he was not willing but went off
and had him thrown into prison
until he should pay back what was owed.
18:31
When, therefore, his fellow-servants had seen
the things that had happened,
they became very much disheartened,
and went to their master
and made clear to him
all the things that had happened.

a 18:24 ten thousand talents of silver money [+] ░░ [+an enormous sum] (= 120 million denarii ≈ one million pounds
of silver) [‘talent’ - only in G-Mt – here and 25:15.] [‘one talent’ = 3000 shekels = 60 minas (Cf. Lk 19:11-27) = 12
million (Roman) denarii = Greek drachmas.] [See ‘monetary units’ in BW]
b 18:28 one hundred denarii [+] ░░ [+ rather a paltry sum] [1 (silver) talent = 6000 denarii]
18:32
“Then his master summoned the servant and says to him,
<You evil servant¡
you didn’t forget all that debt
— didn’t I forgive you
when you pleaded with me?
18:33
Ought you not, in turn,
have shown mercy on your fellow-servant,
just as I also showed mercy on you.>”
18:34
And his master, now provoked to anger,
delivered him over to the jailors to put him to torture
until he should pay back all that was owed him.”
18:35
“In the same way
my heavenly Father will also deal with yoů all
if yoů – I mean, each one of yoů – don’t forgive
one’s fellow brother {of his wrongdoings} from yoůr very heart.” ◊
Fourth Section of Teaching

Ch. 19 to 22 The Fourth Section of Teaching

III.B. Judean Ministry

III. B. Yeshua’s Judean Ministry 19:1- 20:34

//Mk 10:1-10:52; Cf. Lk 9:37 – 19:27 is inclusive of A & B

(Mt 19)
Mt 19:1 {//Mk 10:1a} (cf. Lk 9:51) To JUDEA
19:1 And it came to be, when Yeshua had finished these words,
he departed from Galilee
and moved on to the region of Judea,
across the River Jordan to the west.
Mt 19:2{//Mk +10:1b} His ministry w/healing
19:2
And large crowds followed him,
and he brought healing to their sick there and then.
On married relation
Mt 19:3-9 {//Mk +10:2-12} (Mt 5:31-32) (Cf. 1Co 7:10-16) On married relation
19:3 and the Pharisees came to him
to try him out to trap with the question,
“Is it something which should be allowable
for a man to put away his wife a 420F

– on whatever ground as he wishes?” [cf. Mt 5:32]

19:4
And he answered and said to them,
“Have yoů not read,
<the Elohim, creating from the beginning,
made them male and female.>” {Gn. 1:27;5:2}
19:5
And said,
“<Because of this, a man shall leave his father and mother
and get bonded to his wife
and the two shall become as one flesh-and-body.> {Gen 2:24}
19:6
So that they are no longer two,
but as one flesh-and-body b. 421F

Therefore, what the Elohim has thus yoked together,

let no one separate.”

a 19:3 put away ░░ />> divorce; [See fn 5:31]

b 19:6 as one flesh-and-body [+] ░░ [+ to become father and mother] (from v. 7a.)
 19:7
They say to him,
“Why then did Moses say in the Torah that
a man simply needs to hand out to his wife
a written ☼statement of dissolution
in order to put {her} away [out of his house]?”

19:8
He says to them,
“It was because of callousness of yoůr heart a 42F

Moses gave yoů permission to put away wives.

But this is not how it was from the beginning.
19:9
And let me tell yoů this: Whosoever puts away his wife
— {if} not on the ground of sexual immoralities b [5:32] —
423F

in order to marry another,

is committing adultery [against his former wife] [Mk 10:11]
{and when he marries such a woman who is so put away
is, in fact, committing adultery}.” [//Lk 16:18]

Mt 19:10-12 {//Mk Ø; //Lk Ø}

19:10
His disciples say to him,
“If such is the case of the man with his wife,
it's better not get married, isn’t it!”
19:11
But he said to them,
“Not all men can accept such{/mss} an idea
but [it can be accepted by] only those to whom
understanding has been given:
19:12 a
As there are, yoů see, eunuchs who were born as such
from their mother's womb,
and there are eunuchs as such
who were made eunuchs by men;
b
even there are ‘eunuchs’
who made eunuchs of themselves,
for the sake of the Kingdom reign of the heavens.
If anyone is able to accept [what I say] ,
let them+ accept it [and make such a choice] .” ◊

a
19:6 in your heart [+] ░░ [+ and unable to learn what has been taught]
b
19:9 sexual immoralities ░░ [//5:32] [not ‘marital infidelity’ ‘adultery’];
Yeshua with children
Mt 19:13-15 {//Mk +10:13-16; //Lk 18:14-17} Be like children to belong to the
19:13 At that point [while all were engrossed over these matters,]
children[5:32] were brought to Yeshua
to have him lay his hands on them a 42F

and give prayer [of giving blessed words] ;

but the disciples on their part
dressed down those who brought their children.
19:14
Yeshua, however, said, [cf. 18:3]
“Let the children come to me! b 425F

No! don’t try to block them.

Don’t yoů see
[yoů’ve learned this already] ? [18:3]
They are the ones found to belong
to the Kingdom reign of the heavens!”
19:15
And he tarried to lay his hands on them
and afterwards departed from there. ◊

Eternal life & keeping God’s commands

Mt 19:16-22 (Mk +10:17-22; //Lk +18:18-23) Eternal life & God’s commandaments c 426F

19:16
And look, a certain one came to Yeshua and said,
“O {good} teacher¡ ☼what good thing is there that I must do {Mic 6:8}
in order that I may have eternal Life d?” [cf. v. 29; cf. Lev 18:5]
427F

19:17
This is what Yeshua said to him,
“How is it that you  ask me about the good [thing] ?
[+ what you should know is:]
only one is [to be] good, the very Elohim{mss}
[+ from whom all the good comes].
If, however, you desire to get into [the realm
where true] Life [is to be found] ,
[+there must be something you should know:]
— be keeping the commandments of God.”
19:18
He says to him, asking,
“Yes, but, which ones?”

a 19:13 lay his hands on ░░ [as customary for a rabbi as in oriental customs, foreign to the modern Western societies.]
b 19:13 brought their children [+] ░░ [+ – “Don’t you see it? We are on the ‘real’ stuff for us, the grown-ups. This
isn’t a very good time to have children here, is it?”]
c 19:16-22 <Eternal life and Keeping commandments> ░░ [This is a different pericope from a Mt-Mk pericope of <Great

commandment> //Mt 22:34-40, //Mk 12:28-34, and (a shorter version in) Lk 10:25-28 – all with a Torah sage.] [Note
these two pillars of the commandments (belonging to the O.T. dispensation) were waiting to be fulfilled (since human
beings are unable to keep them) by Yeshua’s new commandment of love – ‘love one another as he himself loved’.]
d 19:16 Life eternal [+] ░░ [+ for me to live here and now] [v. 29 ‘receive as their portion as God grants’]; (also 25:46);

/eternal life; /xx: everlasting life – KJV; [i.e. life belonging to God; life blessed of God. Different nuance and focus from
G-Jn.] [Not ‘immortal life’, ‘life in heaven after death’, or ‘resurrection life’]
 And Yeshua said,
“Why, of course! ☼<You shall not take other’s life, a [=5:21] 428F

You shall not commit adultery, [=5:27]

You shall not take what belongs to others, b 429F

You shall not falsely testify, [cf. 5:34]

19:19
Honor your father and mother>, {☼Exo 20:12-16; Deu 5:16-20}
and, [22:39; Mk 12:31, 33; Lk 10:27b; Jm 2:8]
☼
<You shall love your neighbor [5:43a]
as [a person like] yourself>.” c{☼Lev 19:18}

19:20
The young man says to him,
“Oh, all those!
I have carefully guarded them {from my youth}!
So, what is it I’m still come up short
[from what I have been doing]?”
19:21
Yeshua said to him,
“If you are ever serious about reaching the goal d, 431F

go and see what you have in possession;

[As for you, better] sell and give out to the poor e 432F

and you’re going to have heavenly treasure f. 43 F

Then, g come and be a follower of me!”

43F

19:22
But when the young man heard this saying
he walked away disheartened;
he had in fact too great possessions h.◊ 435F

a 19:18 take other’s life ░░ [5:21]; /x: murder; /x: commit murder; /x: kill
b 19:18 take what belongs to others ░░ />steal; [more than other’s ‘possession’]
c 19:19b as a person like yourself ░░ (= 22:39) [Cf. Rm 13:10; Gal 5:14; cf. 2Ti 3:2] [not ‘as you love yourself’] [*self-

love = opposite of love; root of sin] [Cf. Mt 7:12 ‘Golden Rule’.]

d 19:21 goal [+] ░░ [+ as much you tried when you were keeping the Torah]
e 19:21 to the poor [+] ░░ [+ remembering well from the Law the year of tithing to help the poor]; [Cf. Deu 26:12]
f 19:21 heavenly treasure [+] ░░ [+ genuine one for that matter — you don’t own nothing to hold you down!]; [Cf.

Lk 14:33; 9:62] [Gk. ~ in heavens] [A rabbinic expression. Yeshua turns it around for ‘life in the God’s kingdom’]
g 19:21 then [+] ░░ [+ — now you better be ready to hear me well — ]; /after that;
h 19:21 possessions [+] ░░ [+ too dear to him to let go; not letting him go to freely accept such invitation by Yeshua

right in whom he was going to find life eternal]. [ – that is, he is enslaved to it.] [The answer to ‘eternal life’ is in the
‘being a follower of Him’. The possession which was in the way had to go first.]
 How hard for the rich
Mt 19:23-30 {//Mk +10:23-31; //Lk +18:24-30} On riches; rewards of being talmid
19:23 And Yeshua said to his disciples,
“Yes. Did yoů all see him?
I’m telling yoů:
as for a rich person it is with such a difficulty
that he gets into the Kingdom reign of the heavens.
19:24
Yes, I say again to yoů,
it is easier for a camel a
436F

to squeeze through a needle's eye,

than for a rich one [like him] b 437F

to get into the Kingdom reign of the Elohim c.” 438F

19:25
And when his disciples heard it,
they were utterly astounded, – saying
“Who then is left there to be saved?”
19:26
And Yeshua looking on them said to them,
“With mere humans [on their own] ,
that is impossible;
but ☼with our God all things are perfectly possible d.” 439F

19:27
Then answered Kefa and said to him,
“Look, we have left everything and followed you;[4:19]
what really will be there to us [+ for God’s Kingdom reign]?”
19:28
And Yeshua said to them,
“Yes! I’m telling yoů: in the regenerated world,
when the Son-of-man will sit on his glorious Throne,
yoů — the ones who have followed me —
yourselves will also sit upon twelve thrones of justice
for the twelve tribes of Yisrael.
19:29
And everyone who has left home
or brethren or sisters
or father or mother
{or wife} or children or farm-lands [behind],
because of my name e, 40F

a
19:24 camel ░░ Gk. kamēlos. [Note word play in Greek and Aramaic with ‘rope’. Gk kamilos vs. kamēlos.
Aramaic word gml means camel, rope, beam - Ref: GM Lamsa Gospel Light (Harper 1964) p. 117] [used for
transport as in caravans and in Roman army.]
b
19:24 a rich person [like him] ░░ [= //Mk 10:24 v.l. +‘those who put trust in their riches’] [not anyone
who possesses riches (v. 22), but possessed by money (wealthy or poor) who identifies worldly riches
(deranged self-object relation) as one’s self (being engrossed in things). Cf. Jam 1:10] [Cf. Mt 7:13]
c
19:24 Elohim ░░ [‘Kingdom of Elohim’ is a rare expression in G-Mt; also in Mt 6:33 v.l.; 21:31,
43][Gk. ‘the God’]; /God – most;
d
19:26 possible [+] ░░ [+ to bring people into the God’s Kingdom reign]
e
19:29 my name ░░ [cf. //Mk 10:29 ‘me and the good news’; //Lk 18:29 ‘the Kingdom reign of God’]
  will get a hundredfold{/mss} as much
and shall receive life eternal as their portion [as God grants] . [cf. v. 16]
19:30
And indeed, many who are first shall be last, [20:16; Mt 10:31; Lk 13:30]
and those who are last shall be first, [as in this parable] — ◊

(Mt 20)
Parable of the vineyard laborers
Mt 20:1-16 Parable of the vineyard laborers a
41F

20:1 “the Kingdom reign of the heavens is like this:

When a house-master, went out early morning

to hire laborers for his vineyard.
20:2
And having made an agreement with the laborers
for a denarius for a day, b 42F

he sent them out into his vineyard.

20:3
And he went out around third hour-period c 43F [≈ 8 – 9 a.m.]
and saw others standing around there
in the marketplace with no work;
20:4
and to those he said,
<Yoů also go into the vineyard to work
and whatever is right I will pay yoů.>
20:5
So off they went into the vineyard to work.

Again having gone out

around sixth and ninth hour-period [≈ 11 to noon; 3 – 4 p.m.]
and he did the same thing.
20:6
And around the eleventh hour-period he went out [≈ 5 – 6 p.m.]
and found others standing around there {with no work},
and he says to them,
<Why have yoů been standing around here
without work all day?>
20:7
They say to him,
<Because no one has hired us!>
He says to them,
<Yoů too, go into the vineyard to work!
{Whatever is right I will pay yoů}.>

a
20:1-6 <Parable of the vineyard laborer> ░░ [God’s sheer generosity as He wills + in accord with demand
of a free market. Not ‘socialistic redistribution’ idea.]
b
20:2 a denarius a day ░░ [usual laborer’s wage; ‘day’ = from sunrise to sunset with 12 periods in a daylight
time on a sundial.]
c
20:3 around third hour-period ░░ /x: about the third hour; [‘hour-period’ = a period of time on a sundial
with 12 periods in a daylight time. Daylight length varies btw 10 to 14 hours-on-clock in Israel.]
 20:8
And when evening came a, the owner of the vineyard says
4F [as the sun sets]
to his manager,
<It’s time; call in the laborers and give out their wages,
beginning with the last
to finish up with the first one hired.>
20:9
And when those hired around the eleventh hour-period came [≈5- 6 p.m.]
they received a denarius each — a full day’s wage!
20:10
And when those hired first came,
they expected they’d get more;
but they, too, received
one denarius each — the same wage!
20:11
They took it, but then fell to grumble
against the land-owner, saying
20:12
<These last ones have worked only one hour.
Yet, you have made them equal to us;
we’re the ones who have borne the day’s burden,
yeah, in this burning heat!>
20:13
But he answered and said to one of them,
<You fella¡ b
I'm not doing you anything wrong!
Didn't you agree with me for a denarius?
20:14
Take what's yours and go away.
Now I want to pay to this last worker,
just as much as I paid to you.
20:15
Is it not allowed for me to do
whatever I want with what is mine?
Or are you so envious c, because I myself am generous?>
45F

20:16
So it is: those who are now coming last will be first
and those who are first will be coming last; [[Mk 10:31; Lk 13:30]]
{indeed, many are called but few are chosen.}” ◊

a
20:7 evening came ░░ [i.e. at sunset]
b
20:13 fella¡ ░░ (also 22:12; 26:50) /x: friend – most; /> fellow – NWT (too formal for vocative)
c
20:15 are you so envious ░░ \is your eye evil [Aramaic idiom –Mt 5:23];
#3 Foretells His death and resurrection
Mt 20:17-19 {//Mk 10:32-34; //Lk 18:31-34} Foretells His death & resurrection: #3
20:17 [He had crossed into Judea from the east side of the Jordan River]
Now, as Yeshua was on the way going up
to head for Yerusalem,
he took the Twelve {disciples} aside by themselves.
And this was what he said to them while they were on their way:
20:18
“Here we are,
on our way up – to the very City Yerusalem!
There the Son-of-man will be delivered
to the chief priests and the soferim,
and they will bring down judgment on him to death,
20:19
and will have him delivered to the Gentiles,
to deride
who are going
and to scourge and to crucify him
and on the third day he shall rise up [to Life]” [16:21; 17:23] [Cf. Hos 6:2] ◊

A request for sons of Zebedee

Mt 20:20-28 {//Mk +10:35-45} (cf. Lk 22:24-27) Sons of Zebedee; Son-of-man came to serve
20:20
Then, there came to Yeshua the sons of Zebedee
accompanying their mother. [27:56]
She prostrated herself before him in reverence
and asking something from him.
20:21
And he said to her,
“What is this that you desire?”
She says to him,
“Please, give us your word that these, my two sons,
may sit [at honored positions]
— one on your right and one on your left —
may [be honored to] sit, one at your right
in the glory of your kingdom reign [to come]!”
20:22
But in reply [to her sons] Yeshua said,
“Do yoů two know
what yoů are asking!?
Yoů’re not able to drink from the vessel a 46F

that I myself am about to drink, can yoů?

{and be immersed with the immersion
that I myself am about to be immersed?} [← Mk 10:38b]”

They say to him, “Surely we can!”

a
20:22, 23 vessel ░░ /> cup; [of suffering] [Cf. ‘~ of divine wrath’ - 26:39; ‘~ of salvation’ – 26:27]
 20:23
And he says to them,
“The very vessel I’m to drink, indeed yoů will drink
{and with the immersion I myself am immersed
yoů will be immersed}:
but as for sitting in place of honor, on my right and on my left,
it is not mine to grant;
but it is for those for whom it has been prepared by my Father.”
20:24
And when the other ten disciples heard this,
they became very upset with these two brothers.
20:25
But Yeshua called them to him and said,
“Yoů know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them
and those in high position exercise authority over them.
20:26
But that’s not the way it should be among yoů!
whoever wants to be great among yoů,
he shall be yoůr servant;
20:27
and whoever wants to be first among yoů,
he shall be yoůr servant:
20:28
As the Son-of-man himself has not come to be served,
but to serve
and to give his own soul — as a ransoma
in place of [as] many [as who believe] .”

a
20:28 ransom ░░ [not to read in the literal sense of buying-off from someone.]
Healing two blind men
Mt 20:29-34 {//Mk +10:46-52 - BarTimaeus; //Lk 18:35-43} (cf. Mt 9:27-31) Healing two blind men
20:29 And as on the way to the destination Yerusalem
as they were coming out from a Yericho, a 47F

a large crowd followed him.

20:30
And look, there, two blindb men sitting by the road,
when they heard that
it was Yeshua who was passing by, they shouted,
“{O Master¡} son of David! have pity on us!”
20:31
Then, the crowd rebuked them to be quiet;
but [determinedly so that he would not miss them]
they shouted louder still,
“O Master¡ son of David! have pity on us!”
20:32
And stopping right there
Yeshua called them to himself,
and asked,
“What is this that yoů would have me to do for yoů?”
20:33
They say to him,
“O Master¡ may our ☼eyes be opened, please .” {+mss}{☼Ps 119:18}
20:34
There, moved with a pity,
Yeshua touched their eyes [with his hand].
And at once they could see again;
and they joined to follow Yeshua. c ◊

a 20:29 Yericho ░░ [‘City of Palm trees’ – oasis twin-city (old Jewish and newer Roman). Royal palaces there. (Cf.
Bethphage - the ‘bedroom community’ for priests.) Presence in the narrative of a *priest and a *Levite on this road gives
a hint of their on-going collusion with political power. 5 m. w. of the Jordan river; 15 m. n.w. of Yerusalem.]
b 20:29 two blind men ░░ [typical Matthean doubling. //Mk 10:52 has a blind one named BarTimaeus.]
c 20:34 follow Yeshua ░░ [the only pericope in the Synoptic Gospels where someone began to follow Yeshua, after

receiving healing, but he would remain blind to the world.]

III. C. Final Ministry in Yerusalem

C. Final Ministry in Yerusalem

Mt 21:1-25:46 {//Mk 11:1 -13:37; //Lk 19:28 – 21:38; //Jn Ø }

Timeline - First half of the Passion Weeka

Passover Lamb Eve of Prep. Meal
B A ϠY FT fDO † † <tomb>
day night
Day of Week 1 2 3 4 5 6
Mnemonic Start Mounted Temple Www Trial Final
13 14
Abib 9 10 11 12 Erev Pesach Passover
CE 30 Apr- 1 2 3 4 5 
Fri Ϡ Sat Sun Mon Tue Wed
Nisan* 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

[* Nisan date, which is 12 hours ahead, is for comparison only. Its date cannot be fixed since calendation to locate
the first day of this month in a proleptic rabbinic Jewish calendar is different for Abib of the Biblical calendar.]

a
<A Timeline Chart> ░░ [Abib = the first month of the year = Nisan (7th month in rabbinic Jewish calendar)]
[Abib 10, Day 2 of the lunar week. So-called ‘Palm Sunday’ in the liturgical ‘Holy Week’] [Significance of
His entering Yerusalem on Abib 10 as He did – See in BW #5]
 Anti-triumphal Entry to Yerusalem220F
Abib 10 48

(Mt 21)
Ω Fetching a colt for Him to ride
Mt 21:1-7 {//Mk +11:1-7; //Lk 19:28-35} (Cf. Jn 12:14} Fetching a colt
21:1 And coming from Yericho, as getting close to Yerusalem, [← 20:29]

they had reached as far as Bethphage,

a village in the ☼Mount of Olive-grove

then Yeshua sent out two disciples,

21:2
telling them,
“[Now I let yoů] go into that village
over there in front of yoů
and right away yoů’ll find a female donkey
tethered there, yes, a colt with her.
Loose and bring to me.
21:3
And if anyone says anything to yoů,
yoů should answer that the Master needs them
and right away he’ll send them [back] [Mk 11:3].”
21:4
Now this all took place as in fulfillmenta of what was spoken
through the prophet,
– saying
21:5 ☼
< Tell the daughter of Zion! {☼Isa 62:11a; 40:9b}
☼
“Behold, your King is coming to you;
lowly, and riding on a donkey;
yes, {on} a colt,
a foal of a beast of burden.”> {☼Zec 9.9 LXX}
21:6
And the disciples went off
and did as Yeshua had directed them.
21:7
And they brought the donkey, yes, the colt,
and as they placed their robes on it{/mss}
Yeshua sat on them [to ride out]. b 49F

a 21:5 as in fulfillment of ░░ (hina eplērōthē) [← Matthean midrashlpesher on O.T. text]

b 21:7 ride out [+] ░░ [on the road descending from the Mount of Olive-grove (Lk 19:37) crowded with people carrying
their Passover lambs to the Miqdash] [paragraph break here, not after v. 7, to keep parallel to G-Jn.]
Anti-triumphal Entry to Yerusalem
Mt 21:8-9 {//Mk +11:8-10; //Lk +19:36-39; //Jn 12:12-14} Anti-triumphal to Yerusalema
21:8
And the very large crowd ☼ spread their robes {☼2Kg 9:13}
upon the road,
while others, cutting ☼leafy branches from the trees, {☼Lev 23:40; Mac 13:51}
were spreading them on the road. b 451F

21:9
And the crowds who went in front of him and those who followed,
kept shouting, – saying
“Hoshana c to the Son of David!
452 F

Blessed words d be
☼
453F

to the One coming in the name of Adonai! e [23:39] { ☼Ps. 118:25}

45F

Hoshana, [to the One] in the Highest places!”

Entering Yerusalem
Mt 21:10-11 {//Mk +11:11a} Entering Yerusalem
21:10 And when Yeshua entered Yerusalem [←21:1; Cf. →21:18 transposed below]
[into the Miqdash],
the whole City got stirred up, – saying
“Who really is this man?!”
21:11
And the crowds said,
“This is the very prophet Yeshua
who is from Nazareth in GALILEE!”
…

a
21:8-11 <Anti-triumphal Entry to Yerusalem> ░░ [or ‘anti-imperial’, rather than ‘Triumphal Entry’.]
[Moving from Caesarea Maritima, Pilate enters Yerusalem from the opposite side, riding on a horse to take
up his residence within the City during this Festival to keep it secure.]
b
21:8 road [+] ░░ [+ thronged with people carrying their Passover lambs to the Miqdash]
c
21:9, 15 Hoshana ░░ /Hosanna; [original meaning ‘Help, we pray’. Not in G-Lk.]
d
21:9 blessed words be to ░░ [Gk. eulogeō] /praised – most; /blessed – most; /xx: God bless – GNB; /
e
21:9 *Adonai ░░ [in the crowd’s voice. Also rendered as *YHWH as 23:39]; /LORD; /x: the Lord;
> Fig tree cursed <
The segment here (21:17-19) is transposed here. a 45F

Mt 21:17 {//Mk 11:11b} Return to Bethany

21:17
Having left them he came out of the City [=Yerusalem]
to Bethany and spent the night there. [cf. 21:1]
Mt 21:18-19 {//Mk 11:12-14} Fig tree put on a curse
21:18 [Next day] early morning

on the way coming back to the City, [⇨21:12]

Yeshua became hungry.
21:19
And seeing a fig tree
which was growing by the roadside b, 456F

he went up closer c— 457F

but, nothing was found on it but leaves only.

And he throws these words at the tree:
“Let there be no fig grow on you ever again!” [⇨21:23]
21:19b
((And the fig tree became withered away right away.)) [Cf. v. 21] ◊

⇩ 21:12-26 Miqdash incident

Day of Week 3
{//Mk 11:15-17, 18; //Lk 19:45-48} (cf. Jn 2:13-17)
Abib 11

Miqdash incident
Mt 21:12-13 {//Mk 11:15-17; //Lk 19:45-46} (cf. Jn 2:13-22) Miqdash incident d 458F

21:12
And Yeshua [came into the City and]
entered the Miqdash e {of the Elohim} [⇨21:17]
459 F

and there he threw out all those who were selling

and those [Mk 11:15] buying in the Miqdash
— overturning thetables of the money exchangers
and the seats of those selling the doves;
21:13
and he says to them, “It is written
<☼My House f shall be called a house of prayer> {☼Isa 56:7}:
460F

Yoů, however, have made it ☼a den of robbersg!” {Jer 7:11}

a
21:17-19 <verse>░░
Note: IRENT rearranges the Matthean narrative:
IRENT transposes the pericope <Miqdash Incident> (21:21-26) moving it an in-between spot of <Fig tree
cursed> (21:18-19) and <Withered fig tree> (21:20-22) – to keep the chronological sequence in harmony
with G-Mk. G-Mt seems to have located it within the narrative of the single verse Mk 11:11.
b 21:18 roadside ░░ [+ right nearby was Bethphage] [a town for priests, the name itself means ‘house of unripe fig’,
fitting in the unfruitful fig tree narrative here. See Martin, Secrets of Golgotha.]
c 21:18 closer ░░ [+ for some figs of the early season crop]
d 21:12-13 <Miqdash Incident> ░░ [so-called ‘Temple Cleansing’ is an inaccurate term.] [Here it is transposed to be

parallel to the sequence as in G-Mk.] [Cf. G-Jn at the beginning of His ministry.]
e 21 12, 14, 23 Miqdash ░░ [= Beit haMiqdash]; /> Temple;
f 21:13 my House ░░ [i.e. the Miqdash of Elohim, v. 12]
g 21:13 robbers ░░ (lēstēs) – ASV; /x: thieves – KJV; /
 Mt 21:14-16 {//Mk Ø; //Lk Ø} Healing in the Miqdash
21:14 ☼
And some blind people and some crippled people
came to him {☼2sam 5:6ff} in the Miqdash,
and he healed them.
21:15
But when the chief priests and the soferim saw
remarkable things that he did
and saw the children shouting in the Miqdash
<Hoshana to the Son of David!>
they became indignant,
21:16
and said to him,
“Don’t you hear what these children are saying?”
And Yeshua says to them,
“Indeed, I do. But then, have yoů never read this?
<It is from the mouth of small children, even of sucklings
that You have prepared praise to come out.>” {Ps. 8:2}◊
…

The segment (21:17-19) transposed up (to come before 21:12-16).

> Fig Tree Withers <

Mt 21:20-22 {//Mk 11:20 -25} Lesson from the withered fig tree
21:20 And [next morning] a [⇨21:23]
461F

when the disciples [came up and] saw the very tree again,
they were astonished [in disbelief], – saying
“How did the fig tree b got withered up in so short a time?”
462F

21:21
And Yeshua answered and said to them,
“Yes! I’m telling yoů,
If yoů put yoůr trust c [in God] and do not doubt,
463F

not only shall yoů do what I did with the fig tree,
but also if yoů say to this very mount,
<be lifted up and be thrown into the sea>,
it shall come about.
21:22
And all things thingsd whatever yoů shall ask in prayer e 46F

— as yoů have faith [from God] yoů shall receive.” ◊

a 21:20 next morning ░░ [as they were passing-by on the way back to the City] (← Mk 11:20) [Mt keeps two (1) Cursed
and (2) Withered together as one unit to place after <Miqdash Incident>. IRENT has it transposed between the two.]
b 21:20 fig tree ░░ [symbolic for Yerusalem and its Miqdash.]
c 21:21 put your trust [in God] ░░ /> put faith (8:26) [‘putting trust in God for their all concerns’ vs. ‘faith’ ‘firm belief’

‘conviction’ that things will be possible. (Cf. ‘faith’ as if a mantra or charm)]; />> believe; [‘faith in God’ (genitive) –
Mk 11:22) [Cf. Mk 11:23 ‘believe that ~’]
d 21:22 things ░░ [+ to move such a mount] (not for personal wish or need as if positive thinking mantra.)
e 21:22 in prayer ░░ [‘*prayer’ (proseuchomai) is not same as ‘petition/requesting/asking for (aiteō).]
Yeshua’s authority
Mt 21:23-27 {//Mk 11:27-33; //Lk 20:1-8} Question about Yeshua’s authority
21:23 [21:19b⇨] Thus, when he came into the Miqdash [⇨24:1]
the chief priests and the Elders of the people came to him
as he was teaching.
And they said,
“By what authority do you do these things?
And who gave you this authority?”
21:24
And in reply, Yeshua said to them,
“I will also bring up yoů one question
which if yoů tell me,
then I will also tell yoů
by what authority I do these things:
21:25
It is the immersion-rite by Yohanan —
where was it from? from heaven or from men?”
And they reasoned among themselves, – saying
<If we say — “From heaven”;
he’s going to say to us: “Then why didn’t yoů believe him?”
21:26
But if we say — “From men”,
well, we’ve the crowd to fear, don’t we?
— yoů see, all of them hold Yohanan
as a [long awaited] ☼prophet.a >[21:46]
5F

21:27
So, in reply to Yeshua, they said,
“We do not know b.” 46F

Likewise, this was the response he gave to them:

“Neither am I going to tell yoů
by what authority I am doing these things.” . . . ◊

a
21:26 prophet ░░ [‘YHWH your Elohim will raise up a prophet like me (Moses)’ Deu 18:15.]
b
21:27 know [+] ░░ [+ where Yohanan’s authority actually did come from]
 Final Teachings at Yerusalem

Mt 21:28 – 23:39

Mt 21:28-32 – Parable of the two sons

Mt 21:33-46 //Mk +12:1-12; //Lk 20:9-19 Parable of the greedy tenant-farmers

Mt 22:15-22 //Mk +12:13-17; //Lk 20:20-26 Loyalty to God vs. Caesar (tribute)

Mt 22:23-33 //Mk +12:18-27; //Lk 20:27-40 A question on resurrection life

Mt 22:41-46 //Mk 12:35-37a; // Lk 20:41-44 Mashiah as David’s Son

Mt 23:1-39 //Mk +12:37b-40; //Lk 20:45-47 Beware of soferim

Parable of the two sons

Mt 21:28-32 Parable of the two sons
21:28
“But what do yoů think?
— There was a man who had two children,
and coming up to the first and said,
<My child, go work today in the{/mss} vineyard>.
21:29
And he answered and said, <I don’t want to.>
But afterward he regretted it and changed his mind and went.
21:30
And he approached the second{/mss}
and made the same request.
And he answered and said, <I surely will go, father a> 467F

and yet did not go.

21:31
“Which one of the two followed his father’s wish?”
They say, “the first one.”
Yeshua says to them,
“Yes, indeed!
I tell yoů this —
the tribute-profiteers b and the loose women
468F

— such despised ones are who would find themselves

joining the Kingdom reign of the Elohim c ahead of
yoů. 469F

21:32
In fact, when Yohanan came to yoů showing a path to righteousness
yoů did not believe him;
but those tribute-collectors and loose women believed him,
and yoů, even after seeing that,
did not come to regret and change yoůr mind to believe him.” ◊

a 21:30 father ░░ (kurie); /> sir – KJV; /x: master; [no one would address his father ‘sir’ ‘master’.]
b 21:31 tribute-collectors ░░ /tax-profiteers; /> tax-collectors; /x: publicans – KJV (fr. Vulgate);
c 21:31 Elohim ░░ [Also in Mt 6:33; 19:24; 21:31, 43][Gk. ‘the God’]; /God – most;
Parable of greedy tenant-farmers
Mt 21:33-46 {//Mk 12:1-12; //Lk 20:9-19} Parable of greedy tenant-farmers
21:33 “Hear another parable:

There was a certain landowner,

who planted a vineyard
and put a fence around it
and dug a winepress in there
and built a watch-tower;
and then let it out to tenant farmers
and traveled abroad

21:34
And when the harvest time came around,
he sent his servants to the tenant farmers,
to collect his share of the produce.
21:35
However, the tenant farmers took his servants
and beat one and killed another and threw stones at another.
21:36
Again, he sent, this time, more servants than the first ones,
and they did to them likewise.
21:37
Then, finally, he sent his son to them, – saying
<Surely they’ll respect my own son!>
21:38
But the tenant farmers, when they saw the son, said to themselves,
<This fellow is the heir. Come! Let’s kill him
and we may take over his inheritance.>
21:39
And they took him
and threw him outside the vineyard and killed him.
21:40
“Now, yoů heard this well —
When the owner of the vineyard returns,
what do you think he will do with those tenant farmers?”
21:41
They say to him,
“He’ll completely wipe them out. a 470F

and will rent out the vineyard to other tenant farmers,

who will pay him back the fruits in the harvest season.”
21:42
Yeshua says to them,
“Did yoů never read this in the TaNaKh Scripture? {Psa 118. 22ff}
<A stone-block which the builders rejected
as checked worthless!
— the very one has become a cornerstone;
That very one was from YHWH
and the stone is wonderful in our eyes!>?

a 21:41 completely wipe them out ░░ [Aramaic expression]; /bring those wretched ones to a wretched end;
 21:43@
In view of this, I’m telling yoů this —
The Kingdom reign of the Elohim a will be taken away from yoů
471F

and will be given to the kind of people

who, through what it does, brings forth such fruits
as is in keeping with that Kingdom reign.

21:44
{And whoever falls on this stone-block
will be shattered:
but on whomever it will fall,
it will pulverize him.} {v.//Lk 20:18}”

21:45
And when the chief Priests and the Pharisees heard
these parables from him,
they knew well enough
that he was speaking about them.
21:46
And though they wanted to lay hold on him by force,
they became afraid of the crowds
since the people held him as a prophet [Cf. 21:26]. ◊

a
21:43 Elohim ░░ [Also in Mt 6:33; 19:24; 21:31][Gk. ‘the God’]; /God – most;
(Mt 22)
Parable - royal wedding feast
Mt 22:1-14 (cf. Lk 14:16-24 ‘Great Dinner’) Parable of the royal wedding feast
22:1 And in response to this
Yeshua again spoke in parables to the people, – saying
22:2
“The Kingdom reign of the heavens is like this:
A certain king arranged a wedding feast for his son.
22:3
And he sent out his servants
to call those who were invited to the wedding feast
but they would not come.
22:4
Again he sent out other servants, – saying
<Tell what I say to those who have been invited
“Look! the banquet I have prepared for yoů is ready;
— my oxen and my fattened calves slaughtered
and everything ready —
Come to the wedding feast!”>
22:5
But some of those to whom this message was sent paid no attention to it
but went off, one to the field he owned,
another to his business to attend;
22:6
and as for the rest, they got hold of the servants
and ill-treated them, even killed them.
22:7
And having heard about it, the king became furious,
and, having sent his soldiers, destroyed those murderers
and burned down their town.
22:8
Then he says to his servants,
<the wedding feast indeed is ready,
but those who had been invited were
found not worthy of honor.
22:9
Therefore yoů go out to the open city square
and as many as yoů will find,
invite to the wedding feast.>
22:10
And those servants having gone out onto the streets,
gathered all, as many as they found, evil or good alike,
and the hall of the wedding feast became filled with guests.
22:11
But when the king came in to see the guests,
he saw a man there not properly attired a 472F

to be a guest for a wedding feast:

22:12
and he says to him,
<You fella, how is it that you did get in here
not properly attired for a wedding feast?>
Now the man was reduced speechless.

a 22:11 attired for a wedding ~ ░░ /x: wedding garments – KJV; [Cf. Mt 11:28 ‘Come to me you all …’]
 22:13
At that the king said to the attendants,
<Bind him hand and foot, {take him away}
and throw him out into the darkness outside;
[From anguish oven his folly]
the weeping and wailing will be there>.
22:14
Indeed, many are called, but few are found chosen.” ◊

On loyalty – to God, or to Caesar

Mt 22:15-22 {//Mk 12:13-17; //Lk 20:20-26} Question on loyalty; Tribute to Caesar
22:15
Then the Pharisees went off and got together to hatch a plot
to entrap him with his very utterances.
22:16
And they send off to him some disciples of their own
[//Mk 12:13]
as well as adherents of the Herodian party
to give the following words,
“Teacher, we know that you’re straightforward
and with truth teach the way of [life required by] the Elohim
and you court to any one’s favor seem to yield to no one:
as you are not swayed by who they are.
22:17
Tell us then what do you think —
<<Is it right a that we should allow ourselves, or not
473F

to paying poll-tax b for tribute to be sent up to Caesar!>”

47F

22:18
But Yeshua knowing their malicious intent c said,
475F

“Why do yoů put me on a test, yoů hypocrites?

22:19
Show me a coin for the poll-tax.”
And they brought out
(and showed) him a denarius.
22:20
And he says to them,
“See, [there,] whose portrait is that? And inscription?”
22:21
They say to him, “Caesar's!”
Then, he says to them,
“Give back then things that are of Caesar’s — to Caesar
… yes, things that are of the Elohim’s — to the Elohim.” d 476F

22:22
And when they heard it, they were taken aback,
and, leaving him, they went off on their way. ◊

a
22:17 right ░░ /allowable; permitted; right; /x: is lawful - most;
b
22:22:17, 19 poll-tax ░░ [= //Mk 12:14 (cf. tribute //Lk 20:22)] [Tribute exacted by Roman imperial power
since 63 BC. Economically burdensome but also symbolic of the Jewish homeland’s lack of sovereignty.]
c
22:18 malicious intent ░░ /> evilness; /x: wickedness – KJV; /
d
22:21 to Caesar ~~ to the Elohim ░░ [The theme is about loyalty to God vs. Caesar; not about issues on
taxation or civil duties]
Sadducees’ question on resurrection
Mt 22:23-33 {//Mk +12:18-27; //Lk +20:27-40} Sadducees’ question on resurrection
22:23 ^
It was on that same day: the Sadducees a
came to Yeshua
47F

— these are the ones who hold

that there is no such thing as resurrection of the dead,
and they asked him,
22:24
Saying “Teacher, Moshe said,
<If a man dies without leaving any children born to him,
his brother is to take the widow into marriage
and raise up seed for the deceased one.>
22:25
Now seven brethren were with us
and the first married and died
and, having no offspringb of his own,
he left his wife to his brother to marry;
22:26
likewise the second also and the third, to the seventh.
22:27
and after them all, the woman died also.
22:28
After the resurrection c, then,
478F

to which one of the seven will she be wife

since it turned out that all had her as a wife?”
22:29
But Yeshua answered and said to them,
“yoů got it wrong
— by not knowing the TaNaKh Scripture,
nor the power of the Elohim d. 479F

22:30
The fact is that people in the resurrection life there is no marrying,
nor giving in marriage;
in this respect, they in resurrection life are
like angels of the Elohim in the heavens.
22:31
Now, as to the resurrection of the dead,
have yoů not read
what was spoken to yoů by the Elohim Himself, – saying
22:32@
<☼ I, I am the Elohim of Abraham,
the Elohim of Isaac, and the Elohim of Yaakob>? [☼Exo 3:6]
He is not a God of the dead ones,
but of the living ones.”
22:33
And when the crowds heard it, they were astounded at his teaching. ◊

a 22:23, 24 *Sadducees ░░ (also in 3:7; 16:1, 6, 11, 12) [= a religious faction holding political power during the Second
Temple period of Judaism; colluding with the occupying Romans. Played the leading role to bring Yeshua to execution.
Yehudim of the ruling authority (> ‘Jews’) of G-John.]
b 22:25 offspring ░░ (Gk. sperma ‘seed’); /x: descendant;
c 22:28 after the resurrection ░░ (= v. 30); /in the resurrection – most;
d 22:29 the Elohim ░░ /God – most; [IRENT renders Gk. ‘the God’ as ‘the Elohim’]
God’s great commandments
Mt 22:34-40 {//Mk +12:28-34} (cf. Lk 10:25-28} God’s Great Commandments a 480F

22:34 Now when the Pharisees learned that

he had put the Sadducees effectively to silence,
gathered together for the same purpose.
22:35
And one of them, a Torah sage, threw him a question,
putting him to test in challenge and – saying
22:36
“Teacher, which is
a great commandment [– to you!]b in the Torah?”
22:37
And Yeshua said to him,
“☼<You shall love481c YHWHd your Elohim
with all your heart483Fe
and with all your whole being, f {part of shema ☼ Deu 6:5a, b; cf. Deu 13:3b}}
4F

((and with all your mind.)) g> 485F

22:38
This is the great commandment which comes first.
22:39
“And similar to the first, that which comes next is
☼
<You shall love your neighbor
as [a person like] yourself>. [= 19:19] {☼Lev 19:18}
22:40
On these two commandments hangs
the whole of the Torah as well as the Nevi’im. h” [cf. 7:12b] ◊ 487F

Mashiah being David’s Son

Mt 22:41-46 {//Mk +12:35-37a; //Lk 20:41-44} Mashiah being David’s Son
22:41 Now while the Pharisees were gathered together,
Yeshua asked them a question,
22:42
saying
“What do yoů think about the [promised] Mashiahi?
Whose son is he to be?”
They say to him, “Why, of course, of David!” j

a 22:34-40 <Great Commandment> ░░ [cf. a different pericope ‘Question on Life eternal’ of <Mt 19:16-29 //Mk 10:17-
22; //Lk 18:18-23> without the first part, and a probable doublet Lk 10:25-28 (a question about life eternal asked by a
Torah-expert; with the first part).]
b 22:36 to you ░░ [The verse is a rhetorical question as the answer was known to all by the heart.]
c 22:37 *love ░░ [not ‘worship’] [in response to Elohim who is love (1Jn 4:1); not to make Him love us.] [Fear of God

(Pro 1:7; Psa 110:10; 103:13) is the other side of one’s love of God.]
d 22:37 YHWH ░░ [anarthrous kurios for God – more often rendered as Adonai.]
e 22:37 heart ░░ [not as a seat of emotion and feeling; but involves experiencing in life; tightly interwoven and

synonymous with ‘mind’.]

f 22:37 your whole being [+] ░░ (Gk. psuchē) ([with hands, heart, head of human being] /all your soul – most; [+ and

with all your strength] <verse 37> [Judaic *Shema is quoted partly here in Mt; and also partly in Lk 10:27; fully in //Mk
12:30 - from Deu 6:5.] [See BW on ‘Love your God?’]
g 22:37 mind ░░ (Gk. dianoia) (Gk. sunesis in v. 33) [this phrase is not in O.T. text]
h 22:39 the Torah as well as the Nevi'im ░░ /> the Law and the Prophets – most;
i 22:42 the [promised] Mashiah ░░ [i.e. God’s anointed One to come for Israel] /> Messiah; /xxx: Christ –most (- of

Church – anachronistic);
j 22:42 of David ░░ [i.e. a descendant of David]
 22:43
He says to them,
“How then is it possible that David, moved in spirit,
calls him as ‘master’, saying
22:44 ☼<YHWHa said to my masterb:

“Be you seated at My right until I make your enemies

a footstool for your feet”>? c {☼Psa 110:1}
22:45
 If David himself then calls himd ‘master’,
how is [his master]e to be a son of him”
22:46
No one was able to offer him
a single word in reply to this;
neither did anyone dare, from that day on,
to ask him any more questions. ◊

(Mt 23)
Fifth Section of Teaching
Ch. 23 – 25 The Fifth Section of Teaching

Seven Woes to Religious Hypocrites

Mt 23:1-38 {//Mk +12:37b-40; //Lk +20:45-47} How terrible for the soferim and Pharisees
23:1 Then Yeshua addressed to the crowds and to his disciples,
Saying
23:2
“It is in the ‘seat of Moses’ f 489F

that the soferim and the Pharisees have themselves seated.

23:3
Then, as to all that they tell yoů to keep, keep and observe g: 490F

yoů must not, however,

[model yoůr conduct to] follow how they actually do.
In fact, they keep saying h; 491 F

and, yeah, they do not get to do. i 492F

23:4
Here, they tie up heavy loads, hard to bear,
and put them on men's shoulders;
but they themselves are not willing
even to lift a finger to move them[Lk 11:46].

a 22:44 YHWH ░░ [anarthrous Gk. kurios ‘lord’]; /xx: the Lord; />> the LORD;
b 22:43, 44, 45 my master ░░ /my lord; /x: my Lord; [Not to be confused with ‘LORD’] [‘my lord’ – Heb. adoni (not
Adonai for YHWH), referring to a human person, not to El ‘God’] [In OT royal psalm it is the King David, for whom the
Psalmist sings.]; [Cf. Psa 16:1 (David →) ‘I said unto Jehovah, Thou art my Lord’ (ASV).]
c 22:44 <verse> ░░ [//Mk 12:36; //Lk 20:42-43] {☼Psa 110:1 A Psalm to (/x: of) David} [//Act 2:34]
d 22:45 him ░░ [i.e. the Mashiah]
e 22:45 his master ░░ [← v. 43, 44 → ‘the Mashiah’ v. 42]
f 23:2 seat of Moses [+] ░░ [+ in the synagogue ‘to speak in his authority to interpret the Torah’]
g 23:3 observe [+] ░░ [+ the teaching of Torah]
h 23:3 saying [+] ░░ [+ what one should or should not do — very well indeed, they scrupulously do what they say];
i 23:3 do [+] ░░ [+ from their mind with love of God]
 23:5
And as for all their doing,
the sole purpose is to be seen by people.
Yoů see they make their tefillin a wide 493F

and make the tassel {of their robes} long,

23:6
and are fond of the places of honor at banquets
and the front-seats in the synagogues, [Mk 12: 39 //Lk 20:45].
23:7
and fond of the greetings in the public placesb
and there to be called by people, <Rabbi, {rabbi}>.
23:8
As for yoů all, however, do not let yourselves be called <Rabbi> c; 49F

yoů see, only One is yoůr master d 495F

and all of yoů are fellow brothers alike;

23:9
· Further, be not calling someone [else] on earth yoůr <Father> e; 496F

in fact, only one is there Father [abba!] to yoů all,

— the heavenly One;
23:10
· Neither let yourselves be called ‘leaders’f,
because for yoů there is one [and only] leader
— the Anointed g one. 498F

23:11
But the greatest among yoů shall be to yoů all
as a ministering-servant.
23:12
And whosoever exalts himself will find himself humbled,
and whoever humbles himself find himself exalted.”
23:13 (14)
“ How terrible h and shameless it is
49F for yoů,
soferim and Pharisees, hypocrites [of religiosity]¡
Because yoů shut up [the way of] the Kingdom reign of the heavens
right in men’s face:
In fact, neither yoů do not go in there yourselves,
nor yoů let others go in.” [cf. Lk 11:52] {Deu 6:8-9; Ex 13:9}

23:14 (:13)
{“How terrible and shameless it is for yoů,
soferim and Pharisees, hypocrites [of religion] !
Because yoů devour from widows' families,
even while yoů make long prayers for a pretense:
therefore, yoů will receive even-more severe judgment.”}[Mk 12:40; /Lk 20:47]

a 23:5 tefillin ░░ [Gk. ‘phylacteries’] [small boxes containing TaNaKh Scripture verses – placing on the arm and upon
forehead, held by a band]
b 23:5 public places ░░ [Gk. ‘market places’ – a public place where people gather.]
c 23:7, 8 Rabbi ░░ (also 26:25, 49); [Heb. ‘my great one (master)’; G-Jn – Jn 1:38]; /x: Master – KJV;
d 23:9 Master ░░ />> teacher; [Cf. Jn 1:38 (39) adds ‘when interpreted, ‘Teacher’ - Rabbouni – Jn 20:16]
e 23:9 Father ░░ [as a title for a father-figure with authority] [The verse is disregarded by Catholics.]
f 23:10 leaders ░░ [religious, political or ideological.] /x: teachers – NKJV, NET, NIV; /x: masters – KJV;
g 23:10 the Anointed one ░░ [Anointed as a king, prophet, or priest. Within Yeshua’s own saying, allusion to Himself].

/>> Mashiah (Messiah); /x: Christ – most;

h 23:13 How terrible and shameless it is ░░ (Gk. ouai); (dishonored); /x: woe (to you) – most (- archaic); /how terrible

it will be – ISV, (GNB); /x: how horrible it will be – GW; /x: are in for trouble – CEV; /x: it will be bad for you – ERV;
/xx: curse is on you – BBE; [Cf. ‘blessed and honored’ – Mt 5:3]
 23:15
“ How terrible and shameless it is for yoů,
soferim and Pharisees, hypocrites [of religion]!
Because yoů go around all the sea and dry land
to make one °proselyte,
and when he has become one,
yoů make him twice as worthy to get consigned
to destruction in GeHinnom
{
as yoů are yourselves}.”
23:16@
“ How terrible and shameless it is
for yoů,
yoů blind guides! who say,
▪ <Whoever swears an oath a [to God] by the Mishkan
50F

it is nothing;
 but whoever swears by the gold of the Mishkan,
he is obligated.>
23:17
Yoů, blind fools¡ why, which is greater,
 the gold, or
▪ the Mishkan that sanctifies the gold?
23:18
And who say,
▪ whoever swears an oath [to God] by the altar of burnt-offering,
it is nothing;
 but whoever swears by the gift which is on it,
he is obligated.
23:19
Yoů, blind fools¡ why, which is greater,
 thegift, or
▪ the altar that sanctifies the gift?
23:20
 Thus, the one who swears an oath [to God] by the altar,
swears by it
and by all things on it.
23:21
 And the one who swears an oath [to God] by the Mishkan,
swears by it
and by the One who dwells in it.
23:22
 And the one who swears an oath [to God] by the heaven,
swears by the throne of the Elohim
and by Him who is sitting on it.”[5:34-36]
23:23
“How terrible and shameless it is
for yoů,
soferim and Pharisees, hypocrites [of religion]!
Because yoů give one tenth as tithe b even on spices,
501F

such as mint and dill and cumin,

And yet have neglected the weightier matters of the Law:
— ☼justice and mercy and faithfulness. {☼Mic 6:8} [9:13 = 12:7]

a23:16-22 swears an oath ░░ [= ‘put oneself under an oath’ - Wuest]

b23:23 tenth as tithe ░░ [‘tithe’ meaning ‘one tenth’ of what’s gained on crops and herds; collected from the people of
eleven Tribes of Yisrael to support the Tribe of Levi who were charged with Mishkan service.]
 It is necessary to do these things;
yet not to neglect those other things.
23:24
Yoů blind guides, who strain out the gnat
but swallow up a camel!”
23:25
“How terrible and shameless it isfor yoů,
soferim and Pharisees, hypocrites [of religiosity]!
Because yoů cleanse the outside of the cup and the plate,
but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence.
23:26
You blind Pharisee, cleanse first
what’s inside of the cup and the plate,
so that the outside of them may become clean also.”
23:27
“How terrible and shameless it is
for yoů,
soferim and Pharisees, hypocrites [of religiosity]!
Because yoů are like white-plastered burial places,
which outwardly appear beautiful,
but inwardly are full of dead ones' bones
and of all uncleanness.
23:28
In the same way
yoů too outwardly appear as righteous to people,
but inwardly yoů are full of hypocrisy [of religion]
and living away from God’s law.”
23:29
“How terrible and shameless it is for yoů,
[who are called] soferim and Pharisees, [but only] hypocrites!
Because yoů are building the burial-places of the prophets
and are decorating the tombs of the righteous,
23:30
and say, <If we had lived in the days of our fore-fathers,
we would have had no part with them
in shedding the blood of the prophets.>
23:31
So thus by saying this yoů testify against yourselves,
that yoů are sons of those who brought the prophets to death.
23:32
[Well then,] as for yoů, go on
and might as well top off what yoůr fore-fathers have done!” ◊
 23:33
“Yoů serpents, yoů brood of vipers a¡ 502F

How will yoů escape the judgment to GeHinnomb [← 5:22]??

23:34
Therefore, look! I’m c sending out to yoů
503F

prophets and wise men and soferim

And some of them yoů will put to death,
even crucify,
And some of them yoů will scourge in yoůr synagogues
and persecute from town to town:
23:35
so it will happen that upon yoů shall fall [the guilt for]
all the innocent blood being shed upon this land d, 504F

— from the blood of ☼Abel, that righteous man, {☼Gen 4:8}

down to the blood of Zekharyah [//Lk 11:50] {son of Barakhyah}, e 50F

whom yoů murdered in the court of priests

between the Mishkan and the Altar of burnt-offerings.
23:36
Yes! I’m telling yoů, all these things shall come
upon people of this generation.” ◊

Lament over Yerusalem

Mt 23:37-39 {//Lk 13:34-35} Laments f over Yerusalem
506F

23:37
“Yerusalem, O Yerusalem¡
the one who puts the prophets to death
and stones to death those who have been sent out to her!
How often I longed to have gathered your children [27:25] together,
as a hen gathers her brood under her wings
but yoů people would not [let me]!
23:38
Look, yoůr ☼House [of worship] g is abandoned
507F

leaving it to yoů ☼{desolate}:

23:39
Moreover, I tell yoů, yoů’ll never see me from now on,
until yoů will say,
☼
< Blessed words to the One
who is coming in the name of YHWH.>” ◊

a 23:33 vipers ░░ (also Mt 3:7; 12:34; Lk 3:7) [calculating religious snakes – dangerous] [capable of making decisions
on how much venom to inject.]
b 23:33 the judgment to GeHinnom ░░ /xxx: the damnation of hell - KJV;
c 23:34 I’m ░░ [//Lk 11:49 ‘Wisdom of Elohim’]
d
23:35 shed upon this land ░░ [Or, ‘spilled on the ground’]
e
23:35 Zekharyah ben Barakhyah░░ [prob. Zekharyah ben-Berekhyah, the prophet and author of the book
of Zekharyah - Zec 1:1, 7] [Not prophet priest Zekharyah ben Yehoiada the High Priest (2Ch 22:11; 24:20-
22).]
f
23:37 <Laments over Yerusalem> ░░ [not ‘cry over Jerusalem’, not ‘love for Jerusalem’ (GNB)]
g
23:38 House [of worship] ░░ [= the Mishkan (> Temple); (12:4 ‘House of God’; 21:13 ‘My House’)]
<<Mt 24 – 25>> Olivet Discourse
Olivet Discourse a 509F

Abib 12

24:1-2 {//Mk 13:1-2; //Lk 21:5-6} Destruction of Miqdash foretold

24:1 [21:23⇨]
And departing from the Miqdash
Yeshua was going on his way,
and his disciples came to him and pointed out to him
510F

the building [edifice] of the Miqdash [which was in their view] .

The so-called Olivet Discourse (Ch. 24 and Ch. 15)

is taken out and attached as a separate pdf file.

a
24: – 25: <Olivet Discourse> ░░
This so-called “Olivet Discourse” (24:1 - 25:46) is prophetically connected to the
historical event of 70 CE (the Fall of Yerusalem and the Temple Destruction’),
intermixed with apocalyptic literary language of the Coming of the Son-of-man. It is
NOT about the so-called ‘End Time’. It is addressed to His disciples something
relevant to their generation, as they were asking Him. [//G-Lk and //G-Mk do not
mention ‘parousia’ (Mt 24:3) in their question. Much shorter in G-Lk.] When this
section is taken as a long interposition, the readers will find the main narrative text
continue from 23:39 onto 26:1 in the final days of Yeshua’s ministry before the
Passion Week. To continue down below at .
Mt 24:1 – 25:46 {//Mk 13:5-37; Lk 21:7-36}
24:1-3 Destruction of the Miqdash foretold; Disciples’ questions
24:4 – 24: 44 End of Yerusalem & Coming of the Son-of-man
24: 45 – 25:46 Exhortation with parables
Mt 23:37-39 //Mk Ø; //Lk 13:34-35
Destruction of Miqdash foretold
Mt 24:1-5 ///Mk 13:1-6; //Lk 21:5-9
Disciples’ questions
Mt 24:6-8 //Mk 13:7-8; //Lk 21:10-11 Beginning of pangs
Mt 24:9-14 //Mk 13:9-13; //Lk 21:12-19 Persecutions
Abominable thing (Mt = Mk)
Mt 24:15-22 //Mk 13:14-20; //Lk 21:20-24
= Yerusalem to fall (Lk)
Mt 24:23-26 //Mk 13:21-23; (Cf. Lk 17:23-24) False messiahs and false prophets
Mt 24:27-31 //Mk 13:24-27; //Lk 21:25-28 Coming of the Son-of-man
Mt 24:32-35 //Mk 13:28-31; //Lk 21:29-33 Lesson of the fig tree
Mt 24:36-44 //Mk 13:32-37; (Lk 21:34-36) Be Ready for His coming
Mt 24:45-51 (Cf. Lk 12:35-40; 41-46) Trustworthy and wise servant
Mt 25:1-13 {//Mk Ø; //Lk Ø } Parable of ten bridesmaids
Mt 25:14-30 (Lk 19:12-27 – minas) Parable of the talents (Mt)
Mt 25:31-46 {//Mk Ø; //Lk Ø } Last judgment
(Blue)– outside the Passion week
Part IV (26: – 28:) His Passion to Resurrection

PART IV
26: – 28:
His Passion to Resurrection a 531F

(26:1-29) A. Path to Passion

(26:30 – 27:66) B. Passion Narrative Proper
(28:1-20) C. Risen Lord

IV. A. Path to Passion

IV. A. Path to Passion

Mt 26:1-30 {// Mk 14:1-25; //Lk 22:1-38; //Jn 11:47 – 17:26}

⇩
Day of Week 4 Two days to Passover
Abib 12

 [The main narrative (with interposed Olivet Discourse) continuing from 24:4]
(Mt 26)
Two more days to Passover
 [= v.17] Mt 26:1-2 {//Mk +14:1a; //Lk +22:1} (Jn Ø) Two more days to Passover
26:1 And it so came when Yeshua had finished
all these words [of his discourse] b,[⇦ 24:1 – 5:46]
532F

he said to his disciples,

26:2
“In two days,c as yoů know,
it will be the Passover day.d
Yes, I’m telling yoů,
the Son-of-man is to be handed over to be crucified.”e
..
..

↓↓

a Ch. 26 to 28 ░░ [See the file: WB #5 Passion Week Chronology’ in Vol. III – Supplement.]
b 26:2 discourse ░░ [+ at the Mount of Olive-grove]
c 26:2 in two days ░░ [Reckoning from the day of Olivet Discourse, Abib 12. Coming after two days is Abib 14]
d 26:2 Passover day ░░ [not ‘Passover Festival’] [= Abib 14, the day of Passover Sacrifice (afternoon) and of Passover

memorial meal (evening)] /*Passover– most; [Cf. //Mk 14:1 (‘Passover day and the Festival of the Matzah’); //Lk 22:1
(‘the Festival of the Matzah, the so-called Passover’, i.e. Passover Festival’).]
e 26:2 be crucified ░░ [i.e. on that very Passover day, Himself as the Passover lamb of the Elohim. Anyone who is (as

claimed by e.g. Polycarp) to have died on any other day is Jesus made in scholars’ mind, but not Yeshua the Mashiah.
Hence, the Last Supper (→ 26:17-25) cannot be the Passover memorial meal.]
 Plot by Yehudim of the ruling authority
Mt 26:3-5 {//Mk +14:1b-2; //Lk +22:2} (cf. Jn 11:47-53) Plot against Yeshua a 53F

26:3
Then the chief priests {and the soferim}
and the Elders of the people were gathered together
to the palace courtyard of the High Priest
by the name of Kayafa b; [CE 18-36]
536F

26:4
and they ☼deliberated {☼ Ps 2:2} on how to take Yeshua [⇨26:14]
surreptitiously into their hands to bring him to death. c 537F

26:5
“Only,” they said, “it must not be during the Festival d 538F

— we don’t want the people

to cause an uproar [setting off any riot]. We’ve had it before!” ◊
↓↓
Anointing by an unnamed woman
Mt 26:6-13 {//Mk +14:3-9} {//Jn 12:1-11} (cf. Lk 7:36-50) Anointing in Bethany e 539F

26:6
It was while Yeshua on his part was back then in Bethany,
at the home of a man known as Shimon the leper f. 540F

26:7
[+ There was this incident g:]
541F

— there came to him a woman h with an alabaster flask

542F

of precious fragrant-oil i, 543F

and was ☼pouring it upon his head, {☼ 2Kg 6:6}

while he was reclined [at the meal].
26:8
There, seeing this, his disciples became upset j, 54F

“What is this, such a waste!

they muttered.
26:9
“This fragrant-oil could have been sold for so much!
and whatever we get may be given out to the poor …”
26:10
But, knowing what they are doing, Yeshua said to them,
“Why are yoů making this woman feel
so much uncomfortable to be here?
Don’t yoů see?
Something fine and wonderful she’s just done to me!

a 26:3-5 <verses> Plot against Yeshua ░░ [by the *Sadducean holding political power during the Second Temple period
of Judaism; colluding with the Romans. Played the leading role to bring Yeshua to execution. Yehudim of the ruling
authority (> ‘Jews’) of G-John refers to this group.]
b 26:3 Kayafa ░░ /Caiaphas (in English – Gk. Kaiafas); [= son-in-law of the former High Priest, Hannan (/Annas) Jn

18:13] [He was referred by his name only in G-Mt (26:3, 57), G-Jn (11:49; 18:13, 14, 24, 28), and G-Lk (once outside
the Passion narrative, 3:2). Not in G-Mk.]
c 26:4 bring him to death ░░ [= Mk 14:1 (apokteinō); /x: kill him; (Cf. ‘get rid of’ anaireō - //Lk 22:2)]
d 26:5 festival ░░ [i.e. of the Matzah (Abib 15 to 21) – starting after Passover day of Abib 14] /x: feast;
e 26:6-13 <Anointing in Bethany>░░ //Mk 14:3-9; [This pericope should come in the beginning of the Passover-Passion

Week timeline, as is in the case for the parallel one in Jn 12:1-9. Here bracketed by <Plot by Yehudim > (vv. 1-5) and
<Judas betrayal> (vv. 14-16). See WB#5.]
f 26:6 leper ░░ [poss. same person of Lk 7:36-50, who later came healed of his leprosy by Yeshua.]
g 26:7 incident ░░ [+ which tells something about Judas as he was now about to do.]
h 26:7 woman ░░ [prob. Mariam ‘anointed’ Yeshua (in Jn 12:3), sister of Elazar (Jn 12:1)]
i 26:7 fragrant-oil ░░ [+ of genuine spikenard (fr. Mk, Jn)]
j 26:7 upset ░░ (aganakteō - displeased); /x: angry; /x: had indignation – KJV+;
26:11
As for the poor ones,
yoů have them always with yoů [to reach out] ;
but as for me, yoů won’t always have around!
26:12
With pouring this fragrant-oil upon my body,
don't yoů see here?
It is something for burial of me which she has done well!
26:13
Yes! I’m telling you,
wherever this Good News [Kingdom reign of the Elohim] is
to be proclaimed in the whole world
what this woman has done will also be recounted
in remembering what she has really done to me.” a◊
↓↓
Judas betrays for silver-money
Mt 26:14-16 {//Mk +14:10-11} (cf. Lk 22:3-6) Judas Betrays Yeshua
26:14 After that [on the part of the Yehudim of the ruling authority] [← 26:5]
there came one of the Twelve, who was called Judas Iscariot,
to the chief priests,
26:15
and said, “What are yoů willing to give me?
and I on my part will have him into yoůr hand.”
And for this they stipulated
☼ thirty shekelb to him. [ ☼ Zec 11:12, 13; cf. Exo 21:32] [→ 27:5]

26:16
And from then onward he sought good opportunity
to betray him to them.
↓↓

a 26:13 remembering what she has really done ░░ [= 'hers' (substantive possessive pronoun or absolute pronoun); =
her deed of foresight on what was waiting for Him]; /xx: in memory of her – most; /xxx: for a memorial of her – KJV; /
b 26:15 silver coins ░░ [four drachmas each (drachma = about a day's pay for a skilled laborer). 30 pieces of silver

would roughly be comparable to 4 months' wage.]

↓↓
The upper room readied

Upper room readied for Passover celebration

[Same day – Abib 12; late afternoon]

Mt 26:17-19 {//Mk +14:12-16; //Lk 22:7-13} Have the Upper Room readya
26:17 Now [= v. 2; Abib 12] it was
 towardsb the beginning day for the unleavened breadc [→ 27:35]
the disciples came to Yeshua, asked him
“Where do you want us make it ready for you
to eat festival meals for the Passover season d?” [//Mk 14:2b]

26:18
And [having taken two – Yohan and Kefa –] e he said [in private] to them,
“Go into the Cityf, and to so-and-so g and just say to him: h
<This is what the teacher says to you:
‘The appointed time I have been waiting for has come!
[Now,] it will be at your place;
I’m going to keep i the Passover festival celebration
there with my disciples.’>”
26:19
And the disciples did as Yeshua told them
and had it ready for the upcoming Passover festival celebration.j ◊

a 26:17-19 <Have the Upper Room ready> ░░ [for Passover season with festive meals; not for ‘Passover memorial
meal’.]
b 26:17 toward the beginning ░░ [= Mk 14:12; Gk. prōtē S4413 (i.e. 'before')]; /xx: on the first day – most; /
c 26:17 the unleavened bread ░░ [i.e. unleavened bread eating]; /xx: the Festival of the Unleavened Bread – most; /xx:

the feast of unleavened bread – KJV; /

d 26:17 eat festival meals for the Passover season ░░ [// v. 18 ‘keep the Passover festival celebration’ – 8-day Passover

season (‘Passover’) = Passover day + 7-day Matzah Festival.] [It is NOT the Passover memorial meal (→ for Seder in
rabbinic Judaism)]; />> eat the passover – KJV;
e 26:17 Yohan and Peter ░░ [Only Luke has them named - Lk 22:8]
f 26:18 the City ░░ [i.e. Yerusalem]
g 26:18 so-and-so [+] ░░ [+ to follow him to the owner-of- the-house]
h 26:18 him ░░ (house-master in Mk 14:14; Lk 22:11); [Poss. Nicodemus of Jn 3:1]
i 26:18 keep ~ celebration ░░ [‘eat the passover’ in //Mk 14:14 //Lk 22:11] /celebrate – HCSB, JNT, NWT, NIV; /x:

keep – KJV, most; /xx: observe – NET;

j 26:19 had it ready for the upcoming Passover festival celebration ░░ /made ready the Passover – KJV; /prepared the

Passover - most; /xx: prepared the Passover meal - GNB;

‘Lord’s Last Supper’

‘The Last Supper’a

[Abib 12; evening]

Mt 26:20-24 {//Mk +14:17-21; //Lk 22:21-23; //Jn 13:18-30} Foretellingb His betrayal
26:20
Now [later on that day] when it became evening, c
he was reclining at the meal with the ‘Twelve’ {disciples};
26:21
and as they were eating, he said,
“Indeed! I’m telling you
— yes, one of you will betray med.”
26:22
And they were very much distressed
and each one of them began to say {to him},
“Surely it can’t be me, Master?”
26:23e
And he answered and saidf,
“The one who even has the hand
dipped bread into this bowl g [Cf. 1Co 11: 24] together with me,
is going to betray me [+ to be handed over].
26:24
“Indeed, the Son-of-man is going away,
just as it is written concerning him:
but how shameful it is for that man
by whom the Son-of-man is betrayed [to be handed over] !
It would have been better off for him
if that man had not been born.”
Mt 26:25 Judas’ self-incrimination
26:25
There, by way of reply, Judas h
— the very one going to betray him —
said [+ in a low voice],
“Surely, Rabbii, you don’t mean me, do you?”
He says to him, “Yes; you have said it right.” j

a 26:20-29 <The Last Supper> ░░ {//Mk +14:17-25; // Lk +22:14-20} [not ‘Eucharist’] [Jn 13:1, 29 tells it was not the
Passover memorial meal which was to come up in 2 days on Abib 14 for which He himself would be Passover sacrifice.]
[His trial was on the following daytime, with the Crucifixion on the day after the Trial.]
b 26:20 <Foretells … > ░░ [Nothing is called ‘prediction’ – it’s ‘foretelling’ as it is on the course. Not ‘it happened’ but

‘it came to pass’ ‘it occurred’.] [Cf. Johannine pericope of <Washing Disciples’ feet (Jn 13:3-17)>.]
c 26:20 later on that day when evening came ░░ [a new calendar date does not begin until sunrise.]
d 26:21 me [+] ░░ [+– the very hand which receives bread and fruit of the vineyard]
e 26:23 <verse> ░░ [The segment Jn 13:26b-29 fits here (with Jn 13:26 replacing Mt 26:23)]
f 26:23 and said ░░ [+ privately to his beloved disciple’s question] (See Jn 13:25-26)
g 26:23 the hand dipped [bread] into this bowl ░░ [cf. ‘dipping’ – Mk 14:20; ‘dip a morsel (of bread)’ – Jn 13:26] (a

common bowl there – containing charoset)

h 26:25 Judas [+] ░░ [+ reclined next to Yeshua]
i 26:25, 49 Rabbi ░░ (also 23:7, 8); [ ‘my great one (master)’ in Heb. /x: teacher]; /x: Master – KJV;
j 26:26 have said it. ░░ [Jn 13:26b-29 may fit to come after this verse – there, Judas left the Supper (Jn 13:30).]
Mt 26:26-28 {//Mk +14:22-24; //Lk 22:19-20} (//1Co 11:23-26) (cf. Jn 6:51-58) Bread and Fruit of vineyarda
26:26
And as they were eating, Yeshua, having taken {the} bread b
and praised {/mss} [the One on the High], c
he broke it, and gave to the disciples and said,
“Take! . . . Eat! . . .
This is [what stands for] my body.” d [cf. Jn 6::54]
26:27
And having taken {the} vessel ○ P A
E

and given thanks [to his Father],

he gave it to them, – saying
“Drink from this ☼vessel [of salvation] e all of yoů!
26:28
Yoů see, this is [what stands for] the bloodf of my own
for the {renewed} covenant,g
which is to ☼be poured out in behalf of many. [☼Isa 53:12]
((for them to find forgiveness of sins))h.

Mt 26:29 {//Mk +14:25} (Cf. Lk 22:18 – ‘bread’)

26:29
But I’m telling you,
no, I won’t take the fruit of the vineyard i from now on
until that very day when I drink it anew with you
in the Kingdom reign of my Father. j”◊
…

a 26:26 <Bread and Fruit of vineyard> ░░ [With ‘fruit of vineyard’ but no lamb meal or unleavened bread, it was not of
the Passover memorial meal, the precursor of the rabbinic Jewish Seder)]
b 26:26 bread [+] ░░ [+ of common leavened; not unleavened bread)]; /xx: matzah – JNT;
c 26:26 praised the One on the High [+] ░░ [+ the One who brings forth bread out of the earth].
d 26:26 This is [what stands for] my body ░░ (metaphoric-symbolic) [that is, “Mashiah, our Passover sacrifice” (1Co

5:7). The text does not say ‘eat my body’ (as in Catholic midrash/pesher; a hocus-pocus - from Latin Hoc est corpus
meus (‘This is my body’)] [cf. Jn 6:51, 54 ‘life-giving bread’ ‘manna from above’]
e 26:27 vessel [of salvation] ░░ [earthen or stone mug]; /> cup; /x: chalice (- church jargon) [← Ps 116:13]. Cf. vessel

of suffering – 20:22; ~ of divine wrath – 26:39]

f 26:28 blood ░░ [symbolic of His death in his self-giving love as the Passover lamb at the God’s appointed time; cf.

blood of animal sacrifice of OT (Lev 17:11) for *atonement of certain sins.]

g 26:28 the {renewed} covenant ░░ [Cf. YHWH’s covenant with Israel - Exo 24:8; Zec 9:11; Jer 31:31; Is 59:21]
h 26:28 for them to find forgiveness of sins ░░ [Matthean editorial material from Yohanan’s as in Mk 1:4 //Lk 3:3]
i 26:29 fruit of the vineyard ░░ /fruit of the vine - KJV; /x: *wine; [The expression with a symbolic reference to ‘blood’

is for its color, not for wine as such.] [With ‘fruit of vineyard’ but no lamb meal, it was not the Passover memorial meal]
j 26:29 my Father [+] ░░ [+ in the regeneration] (Mt 19:28).
IV. B. Passion narrative proper

IV. B. Passion Narrative Propera

Mt 26:30 – 27:66 {//Mk 14:26 - 15:47; //Lk 22:39 – 23:56; //Jn 18:1 – 19:42}

Mt 26:30 {//Mk +14:26; //Lk 22:39} (cf. Jn 18:1) To the Mount of Olive-grove
26:30 And having sung hymns [of Passover hallel], they went out b
heading for the Mount of Olive-grove. ○ M A
E

↓↓
Mt 26:31-32 {//Mk +14:27-28} Foretellsc Disciples’ desertion
26:31 Then says Yeshua to them,
“Yoů will all get will get stumbled over on me
in this very night.
Indeed, it is written, <I’ll strike the shepherd
and the sheep of the flock will be scattered off>.{Zec 13:7 LXX}
26:32
“But after I myself have been raised up to Life,
I shall make my way into GALILEE
ahead of yoů all [to see me there] .”
Mt 26:33-35 {//Mk +14:29-31; //Lk 22:31-34} (//Jn 13:36-38) Foretells Kefa’s denial
26:33
But Kefa answered, saying to him,
“If all should get stumbled and fall away because of you,
I myself will never fall away.”
26:34
Yeshua said to him,
“Yes! I’m telling you:
on this very night, before a shofar blowing is heard
announcing for cock-crow watch, d
three times you’ll deny me.”
26:35
Kefa says to him,
“No, sir. Even if I had to suffer death by your side,
I’ll never disown you.”
And all the disciples spoke in the same way. ◊
…
↓↓

a 26:30 to 27:66 ░░ [See the file Walk through the Scripture - the Passion Week Chronology.]
b 26:30 went out [+] ░░ [+ under a bright near-full moon of Passover almost directly overhead].
c 26:31 <Foretells Kefa’s denial> ░░ [It’s not ‘prediction’, but ‘foretelling’ as it is on the course.]
d 26:34 cock-crow ░░ [Cf. third watch of night; announced by shofar blowing by a temple crier priest. Mk 13:35]
↓↓
At Gethsemane
Mt 26:36-46 {//Mk +14:32-42; //Lk 22:40-46} (Cf. Jn 18:1) Gethsemane
26:36-40a {//Mk +14:32-37a; //Lk 22:40-46} Prayer 1st timea
26:36 Then Yeshua comes with them (cf. Jn 18:1)
to a certain spot called Gethsemane b
and says to his disciples,
“Stay here while I go over there and pray.”

26:37
And he took with him Kefa and the two sons of Zebedee
and there a feeling of anguish and distress began to fill his mind.
26:38
Then, he says to them,
“☼My soul is deeply anguished, {☼Ps 42:6}
— to the point of death:
Why don’t yoů remain here and keep awake with me?”
26:39
And he went forward a little
and fell downc on his face
and prayed, – saying
“O my Abbad¡ should it be possible,
let this very vessel [of divine wrath]e pass by from me:
Be that it may, not as what I desire,
but as what you desire.” [cf. Heb 10:7]
26:40a
And he comes to the disciples and, finding them asleep,

26:40b-46 {//Mk +14:37b-42} Prayer 2nd time

26:40b
says to Kefa,
“What! Yoů all could not stay awake with me
for even one hour!?
26:41
Stay awake yoů all
and pray that yoů’re not to be put to testf to fail.
Yeah, yoůr spirit itself is willing;
it is, alas, flesh-and-body g that is weak.”

a
26:36-46 <Gethsemane Payers> ░░ [three prayer in G-Mt; 2 in G-Mk, and 1 in G-Lk. None in G-Jn]
b
26:36 Gethsemane ░░ [the word only in G-Mk and G-Mt] [//Lk; //Jn Ø] [‘(olive) oil-press’ in Hebrew;
prob. a large cave in the Mount of Olive-grove. Not ‘garden’, but simply ‘place/property’]
c
26:39 fell down on his face ░░ [a character for a servant of God, as a prophet.]
d
26:39 O my Abba¡ ░░ [= //Lk 22:42. Abba1] [After Aramaic. Gk. Pater] [Cf. //Mk 14:36 Abba! my
Father!]; /Father – most; /
e
26:39 vessel [of divine wrath] [+] ░░ [+ for justice the earth is to receive]; [Rev 14:10. Also Ps 57:8; Isa
51:17]; /> cup; /xx: cup of suffering – NIrV, GW, GNB; [‘cup’ does not refer to His suffering on the Cross.]
[Cf. ‘vessel of salvation’ – 26:27; cf. ‘vessel of suffering’– 20:22, 23]
f
26:41 being put to test ░░ /x: temptation – most; /
g
26:41 flesh ░░ [‘flesh’ metonymic for a human being in body and mind, contrasting to ‘spirit’]
 26:42
Again, for a second time, he went off and prayed, – saying
“O my Abbaa¡ should this very vessel be
something that cannot pass by from me
but that I must drink it,
let what you desire be done.”
26:43
And he came again and found them sleeping
— they couldn’t keep their eyes open.
26:44
And he left them again and went away and prayed a third time,
saying again the very prayer.
26:45
Then he comes to his disciples and says to them,
“Eh? What’s this? At such a time as this
still carry on sleeping? — Even taking rest?!
Look! The hour has drawn near
and the Son-of-man is handed overb
into the hands of sinners.
26:46
Arise! Let us be going:
Look, the one betraying me has drawn near.” ◊

Betrayal and arrest

Betrayal and Arrest in the Garden

(Abib 12, Day 4 of the lunar week; Night)

Mt 26:47-56 {//Mk +14:43-53; //Lk +22:47-53} {//Jn 18:2-11} Betrayal and Arrest
26:47 And while Yeshua was still speaking,
look! Judas, one of the Twelve,
came and with him a large number of men
with swords and wooden clubs,
from the High Priest and Elders of the people.
26:48
Now the one who betrayed him gave them a sign, – saying
“Whomever I’m going to give a kiss of greeting gesture,
that one is the man.
Yoů better be sure to get him!” {v. 48 - Lk Ø}

26:49
And at once going up there to Yeshua, Judas said,
“Here you’re, c Rabbi¡d”
and gave him a kiss of greeting.

a
26:42 Abba ░░ [= v.39]; /Father – most;
b 26:45 hand over ░░ (paradidōmi); [It was Yeshua’s surrender to Father’s will, not ‘getting betrayed’. Cf. Judas as a
‘betrayer’ v. 46 of Him to the Yehudim of ruling authority]; /xx: *betray – most;
c 26:49 Here you’re ░░ (chaire > rejoice); /> Hail – KJV+; /Greetings – most; /Hello; /Shalom;
d 26:49 Rabbi ░░ [= Mk 14:45; Lk Ø] (also 26:25; 23:7, 8); [Heb. – ‘my great one (master)’]; /x: teacher; /x: master

– KJV;
 26:50
And Yeshua said to him,
“Yo, fella¡ a so, this is what you are here for?!
[How you could!] ”
Then they came to have their hands laid on Yeshua.
They seized him.
26:51
And look, meanwhile, this is what happened:
one of those who was with Yeshua
had grabbed and drawn his daggerb out [← Lk 22:38]
and hit the servant of the High Priest
but only his ear got cut off.

26:52
This was what Yeshua to him,
“[+ Stop there!]
Put your dagger back into its place: c
You should know –
all those who take up a sword,
with a sword they will be cut down.
26:53
Or do you think that now I am not able
to plead with my Father
to send me more than twelve legions of angels?
26:54
How then should the TaNaKh Scripture be fulfilled
that says this is how it will surely be?”
26:55
It was just then Yeshua said to the crowds,
“As if trying to get a rabble-rouser, d yoů’ve come out here, oh boy,
even with such swords and wooden clubs just to capture me!?
Day after day in the Miqdash, I used to sit and give teaching.
and yoů did not seize me.
26:56
But all this has happened that
the TaNaKh Scripture of the Nevi’im e hall be fulfilled.”
At that moment all the disciples left him and fled. ◊

a 26:50 fella ░░ /> fellow - NWT; /x: friend – most; /x: comrade;
b 26:51 dagger ░░[macharia - not 'long sword' Lk 2:35 hromphaia]; /> sword;
c 26:52 its place [+] ░░ [+ You had him almost killed.]
d 26:55 rabble-rouser ░░ [/rebel; /x: thief – KJV; /x: robber; /x: bandit; /x: criminal]
e
26:55 the Nevi’im ░░ /the Prophets; [i.e. the Books of the Prophets]
 Mt 26:57 {//Mk +14:53; //Lk +22:54a} Taken to the High Priest Kayafa
26:57
And those who had taken Yeshua
led him off to Kayafaa, the High Priest, [Lk 22:54]
in whose place the soferim and the Elders gathered together. [→ 27:1]

Jn 18:12-14; 19-24 They brought him first to Hannan (/Annas); then to Kayafa (/Caiaphas)

Mt 26:58 {//Mk +14:54a; //Lk +22:54b-55} (Jn 18:15-16) Kefa’s whereabouts

26:58
Kefa, on his part, followed them from afar at a safe distance,
right up to the courtyard of the High Priest
and then, after he got inside, sat down right among the attendants
to await the outcome. [⇨ v. 69]

Yeshua in Sanhedrin, initial sessionb

26:59-68 (→ 27:1)

Yeshua vs. Sanhedrin I

Mt 26:59-63a {//Mk +14:55-61a}
26:59 Therec [⇨27:1] the chief priests and
{the Elders and} the whole Sanhedrin were looking for
[even] a false-testimony d against Yeshua,
to bring him to death;
26:60
but they did not find any [decent one hoped for], even though
many false witnesses came forward.
At last, however, two came forward
26:61
and said with this assertion,
“This One said,
<I’m ablee to tear down the very Mishkanf of the Elohim
and to build {it} up [again] by three days.>” [← Jn 2:19]
26:62
And the High Priest having stood up, said to him,
“Don’t you have nothing to respond?
What is this that these are testifying against you?”
26:63a
But there Yeshua remained silent.

a 26:57 to Kayafa ░░ [in //Jn 18:12-14; 19-24 they brought him first to Hannan (/Annas); then to Kayafa.]
b
26:59-68< Yeshua in Sanhedrin, initial session> ░░ [Cf. 27:1 //Mk 15:1a; //Lk 22:66-71 for *Sanhedrin
Second Session.]
c 26:59 There ░░ [\DE – indicates a change of topic]; /> now; [Cf. //Lk 22:66 ‘when it became day’.]
d 26:59 false testimony ░░ [Cf. //Mk 14:55 ‘testimony’]
e 26:61 I’m able to ░░ [Cf. Mk 14:58 ‘I will’]
f 26:61 Mishkan ░░ (naos – temple sanctuary); /sanctuary – JNT, ASV; /x: temple – KJV, most;
 Mt 26:63b-68 {//Mk +14:61b-65} (cf. Lk 22:66b-71)a "Mashiah; Son of Elohim; Son-of-man”
26:63b
And the High Priest said to him,
“ I adjureb you by the living Elohim
that you tell us straight whether you, as you say, are
the promised Mashiahc, the Son of the Elohim d!”
26:64
Yeshua said to him,
“You yourself have just said.
Besides, I’m telling you,
hereafter
yoů will see ☼the Son-of-man [☼Dan 7:13]
being ☼seated on the right side of Power [☼Ps 110:1]
and him ☼coming on the clouds of the heaven [24:27] [☼Dan 7:13].”
26:65
Then, tearing up his clothes [in horror and grief],
the High Priest said,
“He is blaspheming. Why do we still need witnesses!
Look! now yoů have heard his blasphemy.
26:66
What does it seem to yoů?”
In reply they said,
“This makes him accountable for death penalty”

26:67-68 {//Mk +14:65 //Lk 22:63-65} e (cf. Jn 18:22) Yeshua stricken

26:67
Then they spat in his face and struck him
and some slapped him in the face,
26:68
deriding him, saying f
“Play the prophet for us, you anointedg one! [cf. 10:33]
Who is it that struck you?
↓↓

a
(cf. Lk 22:66b-71) [in G-Lk it was described in Sanhedrin final session on the next morning]
b 26:63 adjure ░░ [put under oath; swear an oath]
c 26:63 the Mashiah ░░ [i.e. the Anoited One by Elohim] [He is beyond their Davidic royal Mashiah for Israel, to

overthrow the Roman power] /the Messiah; /xx: the Christ; /

d 26:63 the Son of Elohim ░░ /the *Son of God – most; [‘son of’ is a relational anthropomorphic Hebrew idiom; not a

biological-social one. As to Yeshua it denotes His unique relation to Elohim; not about ‘having divine nature’] [This title
for Yeshua in G-Mt is only here, put on by the Yehudim in authority. Cf. Mk 1:1 v.l. cf. Mt 4:3, 6 ‘(a) son of Elohim’]
e 26:67-68 ░░ [Lukan text is in different sequence from G-Mt //G-Mk.] [cf. → Mt 27:28-30 //Mk 15:17-19]
f 26:63 saying [+] ░░ [+ after blindfolding him] [fr. – Lk 22:64; Mk 15:65]
g 26:68 anointed one ░░ /> Mashiah (Messiah); /xx: Christ;
↓↓

Kefa’s Denials (26:69-75)

Kefa’s denials
Mt 26:69-75 {//Mk 14:54b; 66-72; //Lk 22:54b-62} {Jn 18:16-18, 25-27} Kefa’s denials
First denial
26:69 Meanwhile, on the part of Kefa, [← v. 58]
he was sitting out there [below] in the courtyard
and a maidservant came to him,
saying
“You too were with Yeshua the Galilean!”
26:70
But he denied it in front of them all – saying
“I don’t know what you’re talking about!”

Second denial
26:71
and when he had gone out into the gate-house,
another maidservant saw him and said to those who were there,
“This one was also with Yeshua the Nazarene.”
26:72
And again he denied,
with an oath, saying that “I don’t know the hman!”
…

Final denial; Cock-crow watch called out

26:73
And after a little while
those who were standing around came up
and said to Kefa,
“Certainly you, too, are one of them!
Even your accenta gives you away, don’t you see?”
26:74
Then he began calling down curses upon himself and
and swearing, “I don’t know the man!”
And at once a shofar sound was heard
announcing for cock-crow watch.

Kefa wept
26:75
And Kefa remembered the word which Yeshua had said to him,
<Before a shofar sound is heard for cock-crow watch,
three times you’ll deny [that you even know] me.>
And he went out to outside and wept in anguish. ◊

↓↓

a 26:73 your accent ░░ [of Northern Aramaic by Galilean Yehudim; Cf. Judean spoke Southern Aramaic]
↓↓

Timeline - Second half of the Passion Week

Day of Week 5 † † 6 7 1 2
<I n t h e t o m b >
High Sabbath Wave Sheaf 
Mnemonic Trial Final Silent Start Meet

Abib 13 14 15 16 17
Erev Pesach Passover Matzah – D1 D2 D3
CE 30 4 Tue 5 Wed  6 Thu 7 Fri 8 Sat (**)
Nisan* 13 14 15 16 17

[* Nisan date, which is 12 hours ahead, is for comparison only. Its date cannot be fixed since calendation to locate
the first day of this month in a proleptic rabbinic Jewish calendar is different for Abib of the Biblical calendar.
(**) Solar sabbath]

↓↓
(Mt 27)
Sanhedrin - Second session
Abib 13 (morning)
↓↓
From Sanhedrin to Pilate
Mt 27:1 {//Mk +15:1a; //Lk 22:66-71; //Jn Ø}
27:1 [26:59-68 ⇨] There, when morning came a
all the chief priests and the Elders of the people a council session b
against Yeshua to bring him to death. [26:59]
Mt 27:2 {//Mk +15:1b; //Lk 23:1; //Jn 18:28}
27:2
And, having bound him up, they led him away
to deliverc {him} to {Pontius} Pilated the Governor e ◊
↓↓
Judas’ suicide: flash-forward
Mt 27:3-10 Judas’ suicide: flash-forwardf
27:3 Then afterwards, Judas, the man who had betrayed him
[to the Yehudim of the ruling authority]
came to see that Yeshua had been sentenced to death.
In his remorse, he brought the thirty shekels [←26:15]
back to the chief priests and the Elders,
27:4
with these words,
“I’ve sinned, betraying [him to shed] innocent blood.”
But they said, “Anything to do with us?
It’s you — you take care of it!”
☼
27:5
Then Judas threw the shekels down there in the Mishkang {☼Zec 11:13}
and left from there.
And he went off and hanged himself. h
27:6
And the chief priests had the shekels picked up and said,
“It is not allowed to put them into the [Miqdash] Treasury,
because it’s blood money.”
27:7
After they consulted together, they used that money [of Judas]
to buy the potter's field for the burial of non-locals.
27:8
((This is how that very field has been called ‘Field of Blood-money’
until this day.))

a 27:1 morning came ░░ (Abib 13 – day before Crucifixion on sabbath-preparation day.) [//Mk 15:1; ‘early morning’;
//Lk 22:66 ‘when day came’; //Jn 18:28 ‘early morning’]; [Cf. his sentencing around sixth hour-period ≈ noon Jn 19:14]
b 27:2 held a council session ░░ [This constitutes 2nd final Sanhedrin session as in Lk 22:66c-71] [The word

‘Sanhedrin’ itself is not here.] [G-Jn does not record of the 2nd Sanhedrin session.]
c 27:1 to deliver ░░ [Gk. ‘and delivered’.]
d 27:2 Pilate ░░ [here first time he appears in G-Mt; often with the word ‘governor’.]
e 27:1 Governor ░░ [His official title was ‘Praefectus Iudaeae’ (Prefect of Judea) (CE 26-36). ‘Procurator’ for Judea

was a later title from CE 41.]

f 27:3-5 <Judas’ suicide> ░░ [This pericope is a flash-forward parenthetically located here – he hanged himself

sometime between eight days after the resurrection (Jn 20:26 – the first appearance to the Eleven) and the day of Shavuot
(‘Pentecost’; Act 1:15-22) that Peter spoke of this event.]
g 27:5 Mishkan ░░ (naos – temple sanctuary); /sanctuary – JNT, ASV; /x: temple – KJV, most;
h 27:5 hanged himself ░░ [Cf. its aftermath →Acts 1:18-19]
 27:9
Thus was as fulfilled that which was spoken
through {Yirmeyahu} {/mss} the prophet
[written in Zekharyah], – saying {☼ Zec 11:13}
<they took ☼thirty silver coins,
the very price of the one on whom price was set
by some of the sons of Yisrael;
27:10
and they gave the money to be used for the potter's field,
….
just as Adonai commanded me to do.>

Yeshua before Pilate

Abib 13 (daytime)

↓↓
Yeshua vs. Pilate
Mt 27:11-14 {//Mk 15:2-5; //Lk 23:2-5} {//Jn 18:28-38} Begins the trial before Pilate
27:11 Now Yeshua stood before the Governor
and the Governor asked him, – saying
“You, you are the very king of the Yehudima?”
And Yeshua said to him, “You – you [rightly] have said.”
27:12
And when he was accused by the chief priests and the Elders,
he answered nothing for his own defense .
27:13
Then Pilate says to him,
“Don’t you hear so many things
they are testifying against you?”
27:14
And he did not answer him, saying not even one word,
much to the Governor’s surprise.
…

27:15-26 Pilate’s sentencing

{//Mk +15:6-15; //Lk 23:13-25; //Jn +18:39-19:16}
Abib 13 – sixth hourb

Mt 27:15-23 Yeshua or BarAbbas

27:15
Now every year as the festival came along,
for the Governor it was customary to release to the crowd
one prisoner whom they wanted.
27:16
And they then had a notorious prisoner
whose name was {Yeshua} BarAbbas.

a 27:12, 28, 37 king of the *Yehudim ░░ /x: King of the *Jews; [An epithet used by other than Yehudim
themselves (Pilate, Roman soldiers, etc.)]; [Cf. Mashiah as a king (Lk 23:2) Cf. ‘King of Yisrael’ Mt 27:42;
Jn 1:49; 12:13; ‘King of JUDEA’ Lk 1:5]
b 27:15-26 <Pilate’s sentencing> ░░ sixth hour [← Jn 19:14 (midday with the crucifixion next day)]
 27:17
Thus, when they were gathered together, Pilate said to them,
“Whom do yoů wish that I release to you?
{Yeshua} BarAbbasa
or Yeshua the one so-called Mashiah?”
27:18
((In point of fact, he knew that it was out of spite
that they had handed him over.))
27:19
And while he was sitting on the judicial benchb,
his wifec, sent a word to him [in Fort Antonia],
– saying
“Have nothing to do with that righteous man;
see, I suffered a lot in a dream last nightd
because of him.”
27:20
Now the chief priests and the Elders persuaded the crowds
that they should ask for BarAbbas to be released
and have Yeshua destroyed.
27:21
But the Governor answered and said to them,
“Which of the two do yoů want me to release to you?”
And they said, “BarAbbas!”
27:22
Pilate says to them,
“What then shall I do to Yeshua — the so-called Mashiah e?””
They all say to him, “Crucify!”
27:23
And the Governor said,
“Why! what wrong has he done?”
But they cried out even more, – saying “Crucify!”
Mt 27:24-25 Pilate washes his hands off
27:24 Pilate seeing he was gaining nothing,
but rather that there was an uproar,
took water and ☼washed his hands before the crowd, – saying
“I’m innocent of this {righteous} one’s blood;
yoů yourselves will surely see to it” f
27:25
And all the people [gathered there] answered – saying
 “His ☼blood be upon usg and upon our childrenh here.”

a 27:17 BarAbbas ░░ [‘son of father’. Cf. Yeshua – Son of Father];

b 27:19 judicial bench ░░ /judgment seat; /judge’s seat;
c 27:19 his wife ░░ [residing at the Herod’s Palace]
d 27:19 last night ░░ (sēmeron) />> today – most; /last night – NASB, NLT;
e 27:19 Mashiah ░░ /Messiah; /x: Christ – most (of Church; anachronistic);
f 27:24 you ~ shall surely see ░░ [i.e. Yehudim was responsible to have brought a charge to Yeshua.]
g 27:24 blood be upon us ░░ [Hebrew expression, e.g. Deu 19:10] [To be seen in the historical setting of the Fall of

Yerusalem 70 CE.]
h 27:24 our children here ░░ [metonymic for people of Yerusalem (e.g. in 23:37); do not mean the descendants of

those ‘Jewish people’ who rejected Yeshua.]

 Mt 27:26 {//Mk 15:15; //Lk 23:24-25} (Jn 19:16) Yeshua sentenced; BarAbbas released
27:26 Then Pilate released to them BarAbbas as a favor to them
while, as for Yeshua, he had him scourged [Mk 15:15; Jn 19:1; cf. Lk 23:16, 22]
and then delivered him over to be crucified. a ◊

Road to Golgothab
Abib 14 (next day) (morning) c

Derided by the Roman soldiers

Mt 27:27-31 {//Mk +15:16-20} Derided by the Roman soldiersd
27:27
Then the soldiers of the Governor took Yeshua into the Praetoriume
and gathered up the whole body of the cohort around him.
27:28
And they stripped him and placed a scarlet robe f on him
27:29
And twisting thorny twigs into a wreath
they put it on his head,
and a reed stick upon his right hand,
and they kneeled down before him and derided him, – saying
“Long live, ‘King of the Yehudim’!”
27:30
And they spit on him and took the reed-stick and beat him on the head.
27:31
And after they had derided him,
they stripped the scarlet robe off and put back his clothes on him
and had him led out to be crucified.
Shimon the Cyrene – ‘Via Dolorosa
27:32 {//Mk +15:21; //Lk +23:26; //Jn Ø}
27:32
And as they went out,
they spotted a man, Shimon by name, g from CYRENIAh:
they pressed him into service
forcing to carry the execution stake i of ^Yeshua.

a 27:26 to be crucified ░░ [Cf. Jn 19:14] [In capital cases when the Sanhedrin comes to a final decision for acquittal on
the same day, BUT ON THE FOLLOWING DAY FOR CONVICTION (Sanhedrin 41, The Mishnah).]
b 27:27-44 <Road to Golgotha> ░░ {//Mk +15:21-32; //Lk 23:26, 33-43; //Jn 19:17-27} [*Via Dolorosa (Latin phrase):

The street so named in the Old City of Jerusalem is based on the legend for conjectured location of the Port Antonia and
of Golgotha.] [The date of Crucifixion itself comes clear later in Mt 27:62; Mk 15:42.]
c 27:27 [in the morning] [+] ░░ [+ on the next day] [based on three text places Mt 27:1 //Mk 15:1 (in the morning

Sanhedrin brought Him to Pilate) + Jn 19:14 (‘sixth hour – Pilate’s sentencing – towards midday) + Mk 15:25 (‘third
hour’ putting Him on the execution stake)]
d 27:27-31 <Derided by the Soldiers> ░░ [IRENT put this in the next morning, not with his scourging and sentencing.]
e 27:27 Praetorium ░░ [the Roman troop encampment – at Fort Antonia (at the present ‘Temple Mount’) – north of and

adjacent to the *Miqdash.]

f 27:28 scarlet robe ░░ [//Mk 15:17 ‘clothed him in purple’]
g 27:32 Shimon by name [+] ░░ [+ a Diaspora Yehudite]
h 27:32 CYRENIA ░░ [in north-eastern Libya in Africa – Act 2:10]
i 27:32 execution stake ░░ /> *cross; [Gk. stauros prob. synecdoche for its cross-beam. Cf. 10:38; 16:24 in figurative

sense.]
 On the Cross – First 4 hrs (≈ 8 a.m. – Noon)

‘Golgotha’; Crucifixion
27:33-44 {//Mk +15:22-32; //Lk 23:33-43} {Jn 19:17b-27} Golgotha, Place of Head
27:33 And they came to a place called <Golgotha>a ,
that is to say, ‘place of knoll’b.
Sour-wine mixed with bitter stuff
27:34
They gave him to ☼drink up
winec mixed with ☼ bitter stuff ; d{☼Ps 69:21}
there, having tasted, he would not drink it.
Roman guards
27:35 And having put Yeshua on the execution stake e
they divviedf up his clothes among themselves by casting lots.
{as in fulfillment of what was spoken by the prophet,
<They portioned out my clothes among them
and for my clothes did they cast lots.> {Ps 22:18}} [Jn 19:24]
27:36
And sitting down, they guarded him there.
Notice of charge
27:37 [Col 2:14]
And above his head they posted the charge against him,
as written: g
<THIS IS YESHUA THE KING OF THE YEHUDIMh>.

a27:33 Golgotha ░░ [= //Mk 15:22; //Jn 19:17] [Not named in G-Lk.] [Not ‘Skull’, but ‘top’ ‘knoll’ ‘mount’.] [it’s
beyond the City gate and outside from the encampment of the tents – Heb 13:12] [i.e. in the Mount of Olive-grove, in a
direct line of sight from the east.]
b
27:33 knoll ░░ [a mount. ‘top’ ‘head’ ‘hill’]; /x: Skull – most; /poll – EL Martin;
c
27:34 wine░░ [v.l. ‘sour-wine’ as in v. 48]
d
27:34 bitter stuff ░░ /> bitter substance – GNB; /x: gall – most; [Gk. cholē] [//Mk 15:23 specifies as
‘myrrh’] (as adulterant, not as pain killer.)
e 27:35 put Him on the execution stake ░░ [= 26:17. ≈ Exo 12:6], [+ third hour-period (≈ 8 to 9 a.m.) Mk 15:25]; />
crucified; [No details of binding hands and feet with ropes on to the stake. Jn 20:25, 27 tell His hands nailed. Lk 24:39,
40 suggest His feet nailed. Cf. ‘pierced (hands and feet)’ in Ps 22:16 is a wrong translation of KJV for ‘like lions’.]
f 27:35 divvied up ░░ /> divided up – NASB; /x: divided – KJV and most (wrong picture of cutting into pieces);
g 27:37 as written: [+] ░░ [+ along with his identification]
h 27:38 ‘King of the Yehudim’ ░░ [cf. King of Yisrael – v. 42]
 Two rebels crucified with
27:38 Then, two rebelsa are crucified along with him,
one on the right and one on the left of him.
Derided by the crowd
27:39
And the passers-by began blaspheming him,
wagging their heads,
27:40
and saying
“You who are supposed to tear down the Mishkanb
and build it in three days,
do save yourself!
If really you’re a God’s son,
come down off from that stake!”

Derided by the Yehudim of the ruling authority

27:41 And likewise also the chief priests
— together with the soferim, and the Elders {and the Pharisees} —
were deriding him, saying
27:42
“He saved others; yet himself he can’t save!
[Ha! What a] King of Yisraelc! {if} he is,
let him now come down off from the stake
then we’ll believe him.
27:43 ☼He has put trust on the Elohim.

Let the Elohim rescue him now, God-willing: [☼Psa 22:8]

After all, he did say, <I’m God’s son>d, didn’t he?”
{//Mk 15:32b} (Cf. Lk 23:39ff) Two rebels reviling
27:44 And with the same insult
even the rebels who were put on stakes along with him
reviled him. ◊

a 27:38 rebels ░░ [i.e. insurrectionists against Roman power. Lk 23:32 – ‘criminals’]; /x: thieves – KJV; /x: robbers –
NKJV; [they have sin in them; Yeshua has no sin in Him, but on Him, having it put upon Himself – after Barnhouse
(1973), The Love Life.]
b 27:40 Mishkan ░░ /Temple sanctuary; /x: Temple – NWT, etc.
c 27:42 King of Yisrael ░░ [cf. ‘King of the Yehudim (> Jews)’ – v. 38 ]
d 27:43 God’s son ░░ (cf. a god’s son - v. 54) [Cf. the Son of Elohim – 16:16]; /xx: the Son of God – KJV;
 On the Cross – Last 3 hrs
Yeshua’s Death (≈ 3 p.m.)

Death of Yeshua
27:45-50 {//Mk +15:33-37; //Lk +23:44-45a, 46} {//Jn 19:28-30}
(Darkness over the land)
27:45 Now from sixth hour-perioda [≈ 11 – noon]
there was darknessb over all the land
until ninth hour-period [≈ 2 – 3 p.m.]

{//Mk 15:34-35} (My God, My God)

27:46
And around the ninth hour-period c
[≈ 2 - 3 p.m.]
Yeshua called out with a loud voice,
– saying “☼<Eli¡ eli¡ d{/mss} lema{/mss} sabachthanei . . .>” {☼ Psa 22:1 MT}
27:46b
(({That is, <my Elohim¡e my Elohim¡
to what have you left me alone . . . !> f})) {mss}
27:47
And some of them were standing there, when they heard it, said,
“This one is calling Eliyahu.”
[//Lk 23:36; //Jn 19:29] (Sour wine)
27:48
And at once one of them ran off, fetching a sponge
and soaked it in ☼sour wineg, {☼Ps. 69:21} [cf. v.34]
and, fixing it on a stalk, gave it to him to drink.
27:49
And the rest said, “Leave him alone.
Let us see if Eliyahu does come to rescue him.”
b
{Another one then took a spear and thrusted into His side,
[Jn 19:34] h
and out came water and blood}
(Loud voice)
27:50
And Yeshua, again having shouted with a loud cry,
yielded up his spiriti◊

a 27:45 sixth hour-period ░░ [an hour-period just before midday.]

b 27:45 darkness ░░ [at full moon (of Passover), a solar eclipse is not a possibility.]
c 27:46 around the ninth hour-period ░░ [the third hour-period after midday; the time lambs being slain.] /x: about the

ninth hour – KJV; /x: about three o’clock – NRSV;

d d 27:46a Eli ░░ [Eli is Hebrew for ‘my God’ (as quoted Psalm text).] [Cf. //Mk 15:34 – Eloi; Gk elōi transliterates

Hebrew Elohi (as in LXX Jdg 5:5); cf. Elahi in Aramaic.] [Note: It is reciting of a Psalm. As to the Elohim,Yeshua
called ‘Abba, Father’, not ‘God’]
e 27:46b my Elohim¡ ░░ [← Jn 20:17; ← Psa 91:2] />> my God;
f 27:46b to what have you left me alone! ░░ [God did not forsake Him. Rhetorical, e.g. ‘why me Lord? No, you have

not’. Quoting Psa 22:1 → v. 3; v. 3 → v. 4.]; /> why have you forsaken me – most; [Not to be conflated with the Suffering
Servant of YHWH (image of Israel) of Isa 53.]
g 27:48 sour wine ░░ (oxos –wine turns into vinegar as it gets old); /x: vinegar – KJV; /
h 27:49b {+ mss} ░░ [parallel to Jn 19:34. Here this is put just before He yielded His spirit – in harmony with N.T.

theme of His shed blood in God’s redemption plan.]

i 27:50 yielded up his spirit ░░ [on his own volition]
 Upon His Death
27:51-56 {//Mk +15:39; //Lk +23:47-49; //Jn Ø}

Mishkan veil is torn; Earthquake

Mt 27:51a {//Mk +15:38; //Lk 23:45} [Cf. Heb 10:20] Mishkan veil is torn
27:51 A
nd, behold, the heavy veila of the [Holy Place in the] Mishkan
was ripped into two, from top to bottom.
Mt 27:51b-53 <Matthean Insertio> Earthquake
27:51b
And the earth was shaken, [Cf. 28:2]
and the rock-masses were split.
27:52
And the tombs broke open;
and many bodies of the God’s consecratedb ones
who had fallen asleep, were raised;
27:53
and, having come out of the tombs after His resurrection,
they entered into the holy city and were made be seen by many. ◊

The Centurion and the women

Mt 27:54 {//Mk 15:39; //Lk 23:47} {//Jn: Ø} Centurion’s confession
27:54 Now the centurionc there in charge of the execution
and those who were with him guarding Yeshua,
having seen the earthquake and all the things happening,
became very much awestruck,
— they said “Truly, this one d was a god’s son e!” [14:33]
Mt 27:55-56 {//Mk +15:40-41} [v. 55- //Lk +23:49] [v. 26 - //Jn 19:25] Women watching Him
27:55 And many women were there watching from a distance,
who had followed Yeshua from GALILEE, looking after his needs:
27:56
among whom was
 Mariam the Magdalene.
 And Mariam the mother of Yaakobf and Yosef g,
 and the mother of the Zebedee’s sons. h◊

a 27:51 veil ░░ [The second, inner, veil (Heb 9:12) was for entering the Most Holy Place of Mishkan, which was in a
direct line of sight from Golgotha in the Mount of Olive-grove on the east.]
b 27:52 God’s consecrated ░░ /x: saints – most ( - wrong connotation; church jargon).
c 27:54 centurion ░░ [as an official known as carnifix serarum, commanding over about 80 soldiers.] (8:5)
d 27:54 this one [+] ░░ [+ – not our Caesar –]
e 27:54 a god’s son ░░ (v. 54) [not a God’s son, nor ‘Son of Elohim’]; /a son of God; /xx: the *Son of God; [Gk.

anarthrous ‘huios theou’ ← Latin ‘divi filius’, a title for Caesar on the lips of a Roman centurion.]; [//Lk 23:47 ‘righteous’]
f 27:54 Yaakob ░░ [= Yaakob the younger Mk 14:50]
g 27:54 Yosef ░░ [Cf. Mt 13:55 one of ‘brothers’ of Yeshua] /Joseph; /{Yosi} (/Joses) (as in Mk 15:40)]
h 27:54 mother of the Zebedee’s sons ░░ [ → Salome //Mk 15:40] [two sons - Yaakob and Yohan – Mt 4:21]
Laid in the tomb; Yosef of Ramathayim

27:57-61 Laid in the Tomb

{//Mk +15:42-47; //Lk +23:50-55; //Jn 19:38-42}
Abib 14 evening

27:57-58 {//Mk +15:42-45; //Lk +23:50-54; //Jn 19:38} Yosef of Ramathayim to Pilate
27:57 Now evening having arrived, a [Cf. Lk 23:54]
there came upon the scene a ☼wealthy man, [☼Isa 53:9]
named Yosef, [a native] of Ramathayimb
— who himself also had become a talmidc of Yeshua.
27:58
He went into the presence of Pilate
and asked for the body of Yeshua. d
Then, [recognizing Yosef well],
Pilate ordered the body be given over.

27:59-60 {//Mk +15:46; //Lk +23:53-54; //Jn 19:40-42} Entombed by Yosefe

27:59
And having the body taken
Yosef wrapped it in a strip of clean fine linen-cloth,
27:60
and placed {it} down in the new tombf belonging to him
— yes, he had it ☼cut out in the [hillside] rock cliff [☼Isa 22:16] —
and moved a very large stone-slab
against the entrance of the tomb
and then left the place.g
27:61 {//Mk +15:47; //Lk +23:55} Women watched the entombment scene
27:61 Meanwhile Mariam the Magdalene
and the other Mariam were there
having sat across the tomb place . ⌂

a 27:57 evening ░░ (opsias) [The sun has set; High Sabbath of Abib 15 would begin at sunrise; a day begins at sunrise.];
[Yosef would not be for their usual Passover memorial meal.] /xxx: late in the afternoon – NWT (the only Bible);
b 27:57 Yosef of Ramathayim ░░ [Heb.]; /Joseph of Arimathea; [a Sanhedrin Council member ‘of high reputation’ (Mk

15:43), his name being recognized by Pilate.]

c 27:57 disciple░░ (Heb.). [learner, pupil, student]; /disciple;
d 27:58 asked for the body ░░ [Cf. more details on Mk 15:44-45a vs. Jn 19:31-33] [Note: A criminal’s body would not

turn over to the family for a decent ‘burial’, but be thrown down into Hinnom valley.]
e 27:59-60 <Entombed by Yosef> ░░ [His burial was by ‘entombment’, not a common burial as in a grave.] [It was fully

completed by Yosef, having taken place in the evening into night (‘not in haste’)] [Preparing the body consists of a
ceremonial washing (called taharah) and wrapping; no embalming practice as was in Egypt.]
f 27:60 tomb ░░ [not a temporary tomb for Yeshua]
g 27:60 <verse> left the place ░░ [Lk 23:54 adds “… sabbath day was coming to dawn”.] (sabbath is for daytime of 7th

day of the lunar week (not ‘Saturday’ of the solar week). (This sabbath on first day of the Festival = ‘high sabbath’)
Roman soldiers guard the tomb
Mt 27:62-66 {//Mk, //Lk, //Jn Ø} Roman guard at the Tomb
27:62 Now on the next day [Abib 15]
— which is after the sabbath-preparation day a —
[having the crucifixion carried out]
the chief priests and the Pharisees assembled before Pilate,
27:63
saying
“Sir, we remember that, Your Excellency,
this very deceiver said while he was still alive, [← Jn 2:19]
<After three days I am to rise up.> b
27:64
Therefore, if it pleases you, give an order that
the place where the body was laid be made secure
until the third day [from his death],
lest his disciples coming {by night} steal the body of him away
and say to the people,
<He is risen [to be alive] from among the dead>.
Then the last deceit would be worse than the first.”
27:65
Pilate said to them,
“For yoů now, yoů have a guard of soldiers [yoů just asked for]:
Take them and go, make it as secure as yoů know how.”
27:66
So they went off and made the tomb secure
by putting a seal on the stone-slab and placing the guard. ◊

a 27:62 which is after the sabbath-preparation day ░░ [i.e. High Sabbath of Abib 15, the first day of the Matzah
Festival.] [Cf. Mk 15:42 is the verse which specifies the day of the Crucifixion.]
b 27:63 after three days ░░ [Spoken on the occasion of Jn 2:12 (not Mt 12:40); it is from the day Pilate’s trial of Yeshua

on Abib 13th.]
IV. C. The Empty Tomb and the Risen Lord

(Mt 28)

IV. C. The Risen Lord

28:1-20

Empty tomb
Abib 16 (dawn) to Abib 17 (morning)

To the Tomb
Mt 28:1 {//Mk 16:2; //Lk 24:1} (cf. Jn 20:1) The women to the tomb
28:1a There, after the week having past, a

now at dawn b in the first day of the week [as it was ending],c
b
Mariam the Magdalene and the other Mariam set out
and went to see d the tomb. e
↓↓
Earthquake
28:2-4 Earthquake
28:2@ And behold,
there had been a great earthquake; [Cf. 27:51]
that was because an angel of Adonai
— having had descended from heaven —
came and moved away the stone slab {off the entrance}
and sat on it.
28:3
His outward appearance was as bright shining
and his clothes were white as snow:
28:4
and out of fear of him the guards trembled
and became like dead.
↓↓

a 28:1 after the week having past ░░ [Gk. ‘sabbaths’ pl. here in 2 places in this verse = ‘week’. Most Bible
translators take it more than one sabbath, i.e. two] [Thematically same as ‘having the sabbath passed’ //Mk 16:1.];
/after the Sabbath; /xxx: late on Sabbath; /xxx: in the end of sabbath – KJV; /xxx: after [two] sabbaths;
b 28:1 at dawn in the first ░░ [epiphōskousē] [Note: dawn-break in Abib 16 (= first day one of the lunar week)

which was about to end with sunrise to bring Abib 17 (Day 2).] [Nothing to do with ‘evening dusk’] /at dawn on
the first – NET, ESV; /xx: as it began to dawn toward the first ~ - KJV, NASB; /
c 28:1 first day of the week ░░ [of the lunar week; not of the solar week for ‘Sunday’];
d 28:1 to see ░░ [Cf. anointing and entombment - completed by Yosef.] [Lk 24:1b ‘bringing aromatic spices’]
e 28:1 tomb ░░ [‘place where his body was laid’] /x: grave - NWT; />> sepulcher – KJV;
↓↓
Encounter at the Tomb
Mt 28:5-8 {//Mk 16:4-8; //Lk 24:12-8} Encounter at the tomb
28:5 Now in reply the angela
said to the women,
“Don’t yoů all fear;
Indeed, I know it is Yeshua yoů are looking for,
who has been crucified.
28:6
He is not here;
yoů see, he has risen [to Life], just as he said.
Come! See the place where the Master{/mss} was resting.
28:7
And go quickly and tell his disciples:
<He has been raised [to Life] from among the dead, b and
look, he is making his way
into GALILEE ahead of yoů all; [See 26:32]
there yoů will see him.>
Remember well this as I’ve just told yoů.”
28:8
And quickly they left from the tomb
awe-struck in great joy, Cf. G-Mark’s short ending 16:8 ends here
ran to tell his disciples. ◊

Risen Lord to the women

Mt 28:9-10 The Risen Lord to the women
28:9 {As they were going to tell it to his disciples}, [Abib 17]
look! there was Yeshua, coming to meet them
and greeting with ‘Shalom!’
and they drew to him and, getting hold him by the feet,
prostratedc themselves before him.
28:10
Then Yeshua says to them, [v. 10 - Cf. Mk 16:7]
“Have no fear anymore; throw off all the fear yoů had,
now that I am with yoů all!
Go; bring word to my brethrend
that they should make their way into GALILEE
and there they will see me.” ◊
↓↓

a 28:5 the angel ░░ [G-Mt mentions only one. Cf. ‘two’ Lk 24:4, 23]
b 28:7 He has been raised ░░ [The women believed the testimony of the "messenger of Adonai" before they found the
tomb empty. They did not need it as the evidence to believe that Yeshua the Mashiah was risen.]
c 28:9 prostrated before ░░ /x: worship – most (religious jargon); /> did obeisance to – NWT (poor English);
d 28:10 my brethren ░░ [= Jn 20:17; ‘disciples and Kefa’ - Mk 16:7] /> brothers – most (as his own siblings); [The

women believed the testimony of the "messenger of Adonai" before they found the tomb empty. They did not need it as
the evidence for believing that Yeshua the Mashiah was risen.]
↓↓
Guard’s Report
28:11-15 The Guard’s Report
28:11 Now while they were on their way,
behold, some of the guard came into the City
and reported to the chief priests
all the things that had happened.
28:12
And after they had a meeting with the Elders
and had consulted on this matter,
they gave enough money to the soldiers,
28:13
saying “What Yoů are to say is this:
<When we fell asleep,
his disciples came by night
and stole the body of him away>
28:14
and if the Governor comes to hear of this,
we on our part will provide a satisfactory explanation
and make certain
that yoů on Yoůr part are kept out of trouble.”

28:15
So they took the silver money and did as they were instructed.
((And this sort of story has been spread
among the Yehudim to this {very} day.)) ⌂
↓↓
↓↓
Ending – In Galilee; So-called Great Commission
Mt 28:16-20 (cf. Mk 16:15-18; Lk 24:44-49) [Cf. 1Co 15:5-6] Commission to the Disciplesa
28:16 So the eleven disciples on their part set out for GALILEE ,
and made for the very hill
where Yeshua had arranged for them to meet.
28:17
And when they saw him, they prostrated before {him};
there, they could not convince themselves b.
28:18
And Yeshua came towards them
and spoke to them, giving these words:
“There has been given to me [from Father] [Jn 17:2]
all authority in heaven and on the earth. c
28:19@
“Go forthd, {then}, yoů all are to
28:19b
make life-committed learners [+]e
from out of all the people of nations, [cf. 24:14]
28:19bf
having them receive immersion
[to bring them] into the nameg
of the Father and the Son and the Spirit of Holiness, h
28:20a
teaching them i to observe
all that I’ve commanded yoů.”
28:20b
“And indeed, I, I am with yoů [Cf. 1:23] all the days
to the very consummationj of the [present] world orderk”.
{Amen} ⌂

[The End of the Gospel]

a 28:16ff <Commission to the Disciples>░░ [So-called Great Commission is 28:19b-20a.]

b 28:17 not convince themselves [+] ░░ [+ of what they were seeing with their own eyes!] [Gk. distazō – same verb in
14:31]; /xx: some doubted - most;
c 28:18 ~~ earth [+] ░░ [+ And as my Father has sent me, so I also send you.] (Jn 20:21b – Murdock – as in Peshitta

and also in Diatessaron.]

d 28:19 Go forth ░░ [Gk participle poreuthentes is imperative as the main verb matheteusate (aorist active).]
e 28:19a make life-committed learners [+] from out of all the nations ░░ [+ of the Way of Mashiah in my name];

[Life-committed to Yeshua’s name, also to have others learn.] [Cf. Col 1:23; Rm 16:26; 1Tm 3:16] (not ‘conversion’ or
‘proselytizing’); /> make disciples of all the nations – most; /x: teach all the nations – KJV; [See BW for ‘in my name’
(a frequent phrase by Yeshua Himself) which is here quoted in Eusebius’ work.] [Cf. ‘to bear my name’ (Act 9:15)]
f 28:19b <verse> ░░ [Several older versions in Hebrew simply say ‘in my name.]
g 28:19b into the name of ~ ░░ (Gk. eis to onoma) [i.e. ‘into the covenant reality of’; not ‘in the name of’] (Cf. ‘immersed

into the Mashiah’ Rm 6:3; Gal 3:27; into the name of Lord Yeshua Act 8:16; 19:5); [It is not a liturgical baptismal
formula, as most mistranslates it as ‘in the name of’ (= in the authority) (Act 10:48).]
h 28:19b the Father and the Son and the holy Spirit ░░ [This triadic tri-une phrase is not a ‘Trinitarian formula’. See

another triadic phrase for tri-unity 1Jn 5:7b v.l. (the Father, the Word, and the holy Spirit).] [Cf. ‘the Mashiah, the Son
of the Elohim’ (Mt 26:63)]
i 28:19 teaching them [+] ░░ [+ in my name] [Cf. ‘teach on the name of Yeshua’ (Act 4:18)]
j 28:20 consummation ░░ (Gk. sunteleias. Cf. telos ‘end’ ‘goal’); /x: close; /x: end
k 28:20 the world order ░░ (Gk. aiōnos); /> the age; /x: the world – KJV, etc.; /the system of things – NWT;
 Introductory material

Segmentation of the text material into boxes of colored line borders

The Gospel text is enclosed in the dashed-line box in units of a large or small
size. The color of the box tells where the segment of text is found in relation
to other Gospels: (Same for the nestled boxes within a box.)

Only in G-Mt ◊⌂ 
in all Synoptics ◊⌂ 
in G-Mt and one other (G-Mk or G-Lk) ◊⌂ 

Such text segmentation using boxes is to show how the text sits in the text
structure which should be kept mind when reading the Bible. The color
scheme is to help the readers recognize how parallel the text is in four
Gospels. When the text is in a different flow of narrative and discourse, the
box is set back from the left margin.
Read IRENT
2008
ISSN 1943-0345

Vol.1, No. 2
IRENT – G-Matthew: Readers Edition
Summer, 2009

Ahnrojah Books

The basic text of this IRENT is available free to all for their personal use. One may reproduce it in a
print book form in any quantity as long as they are to be given freely. The text may be converted to
other electronic format as long as it is to be free to the public.
 Publication Notice

A new fresh rendition of the New Testament is to be published as an online serial

under the title of Read IRENT, as a work-in-progress, in Adobe PDF file format,
accessible freely on the web. It strives for clarity in living everyday English, staying
away from the style of the traditional Biblical English in use in most of conventional
translations and in ‘church talk’. It is a common people’s English but no less dignified,
with its content not adulterated with one’s own personal opinion and message as seen
in several popular modern publications, which have often gone beyond the limit of
‘paraphrase’ and actually into a rewriting.

The title IRENT, chosen for the translation text work itself, is an acronym for Invitation
to Reading in English – New Testament.

Uploaded is Vol. I. Four Gospels and Acts, No. 2. Gospel of Matthew. This issue
is Readers Edition with the footnotes. Endnotes and Appendix are included in
Study-ready Edition.

Updating is reflected in the release version number in the file name itself. Check
always for the latest one. See all the zip files for this work: Vol. I Gospels and Acts;
Vol. II Epistles and Revelation, Vol. III Supplements, and Vol. IV Introduction
to IRENT.

How to read the pages of IRENT

See the file ‘How to read the pages of IRENT’ and more on Typographic
Devices and Notations in Footnotes, see Vol. IV. Introduction to IRENT.

Overview/Outline of G-Matthew

PART I: (1:1 – 4:11) HIS PERSON

PART II: (4:12 – 16:12) HIS PROCLAMATION

PART III: (16:13 – 25:46) HIS PRELUDE TO PASSION

PART IV: (26:1 – 28:20) HIS PASSION TO RESURRECTION

 Beginning with Immanuel
PART I: (1:1 – 4:12) HIS PERSON

PART II: (4:13 – 16:12) HIS PROCLAMATION

Teaching I (Ch. 5-7) *
Teaching II (Ch. 10) *
Teaching III (Ch. 13) *
PART III: (16:13 – 25:46) HIS PRELUDE TO PASSION
16:13 – 18:35 A. Getting on the Way toward the Cross
Kefa’s Confession & Getting on the Way toward the Cross (Mt 16:13 – 17:13)
Teaching IV (Ch. 18) *
19:1 – 20:34 B. JUDEAn Ministry
21:1 – 25:46 C. Final Ministry in Yerusalem@
Teaching V (Ch. 23-25) *
PART IV: (26:1 – 28:20) HIS PASSION TO RESURRECTION
26:1-29 A. Path to Passion
26:30 – 27:66 B. Passion Narrative proper
28:1-20 C. Risen Lord
Denouement for the New Beginning

@
Many take the passion narrative to begin with this.
* G-Matthew is divided into five major discourses separated by the formula ‘when Yeshua had finished’
(7:28, 11:1, 13:53, 19:1 and 26:1).
 Divisions Fenton, Saint Matthew p. 15
I: 1:1 – 4:17 Matthew’s Introduction
II: 4:18 – 7:29 Entry into the Kingdom
(5: - 7: The first section of teaching)
III: 8:1 – 9:34 The deeds of the Christ (Powerful works of healing)
IV: 10:1-42 The Second Section of Teaching
(9:35 – 10:5a Introduction to the Discourse)
(10:5b-10:42 Introduction for the Apostles)
V: 11:1 – 12:50 The Unbelief of Yisrael (Rejection of
Yohanan the Immerser and Yeshua by the JUDEAn)
VI: 13:1-52 The Third Section of Teaching
VII: 13:53 – 17:27 Unbelief and Little Faith
VIII: 18:1–35 The Fourth Section of Teaching
(Life of the Mashian Community)
IX: 19:1 – 22:45 The Way to Yerusalem
(Journey to Yerusalem and Teaching in the Miqdash)
X: 23:1 – 25:46 The Fifth Section of Teaching
XI: 26:1 – 28:20 The Passion and Resurrection
(The last days of Yeshua in or near Yerusalem – His arrest,
trials, crucifixion, resurrection, final appearance in Galilee)
Acrostic Bible: Matthew

GOSPEL OF MATTHEW, KING OF THE JEWS

01 Genesis of the earthly life of Yeshua the Mashiah2

02 Opposition of King Herod
03 Spirit's descent upon Yeshua
04 Power over satan's challenges3
05 Expounding Sermon on the Mount
06 Lessons on proper priorities

07 Outline for personal relationships

08 Faith of the centurion

09 Matthew's call from Yeshua

10 Apostles sent to proclaim God’s message4
11 Testimony about Yohanan's5 message
12 True Mashiah called demonic
13 Hidden message of parables
14 Execution of Yohanan the Immerser6
15 Wisdom in answering Pharisees

16 Keys of the Kingdom

17 Impact of Yeshua’s transfiguration
18 Need for true forgiveness
19 Grounds for divorce clarified

20 Opportunities in the vineyard

21 Fig tree is cursed

22 Taxes paid for the tribute sent up to Caesar

23 Hypocrisy denounced for their shamelessness7
24 Events of Destruction of Miqdash8

25 Judgment of the nations

26 Events on Golgotha’s9 eve
27 Way of the cross
28 Savior's resurrection and Great10 commission
Special thanks to Barry Huddleston, the author of ‘The Acrostic Bible’ (1978)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Genesis of earthly life of Yeshua the Mashiah > Jesus Christ;
3 challenges > temptations; 4 proclaim God’s message > preach; 5 Yohanan > John; 6 immerser > Baptist;
7 for their shamelessness > by woes; 8 Destruction of Miqdash > His second coming; 9 Golgotha > Calvary; 10

Great;
 Appendix

Brief Timeline of Life-history of Yeshua

Age Events
BC 49 Julius Caesar (born 100/2 BC), elected as consul.
BC 46 Julian calendar
BC 44 Julius Caesar assassinated
BC 27 Caesar Augustus
BC 3 early 1 Birth of Yeshua (Not BC 4 or 1) (Cf. Lk 1:26
summer conception announced 6th month of the lunar year)
BC 2 early 2 Flight to Egypt from Bethlehem and
winter (Mt 2:13-18)
BC 1 spring Death of
Herod (Not Return to Nazareth (Mt 2:19-23)
BC 4 or 6)
CE 10 spring 12 At Passover, Yerusalem (Lk 2:42)
(Cf. Bar-mitzvah – 13 year-old)
CE 14 Death of Caesar Augustus (age 77)
CE 26 Pilate, the Governor
CE 27 summer 30 Tiberius Begin His ministry as an itinerant rabbi
Caesar (15th yr) (Cf. Yohanan - Lk 3:1ff)
CE 28 spring 1st Passover (Jn 2:13, 23) during His ministry
CE 29 spring Unnamed festival (Jn 5:1) (? Purim on Adar 14)
CE 29 spring 2nd Passover (Jn 6:4)
CE 29 Fall Festival of Sukkot (Jn 7:2) (Tishrei 15)
CE 30 spring 33 Death of Yeshua (3rd Passover)
CE 36 Pilate summoned back to Rome
CE 70 Fall of Yerusalem to Roman General Titus (future emperor); End of the
‘Temple-based Judaism’
‘age’ = by ‘year-period’, not by ‘full year’ [Cf. similar to difference between ‘hour-
period’ vs. ‘hour-on-clock’.]
Age 1 = during the period from birth to the anniversary (full one-year old);
Age 30 = during the period from full 29-year-old to full 30-year-old.

Yeshua’s public ministry – 2 ½ years.

Family lineage to the Mashiah according to G-Luke
Lk 3:23-38 {cf. Mt 1:2-6}
3:23 a
Here, as for Yeshua, he was about ☼thirty years old, {☼Num 4:3}
[CE 28 Passover]
when [thus][vv. 31-32] himself starting out [his task];
b {/mss}
being, according to the law ,
a son of Yosef [+ who was natural son of Yaakob] [Mt 1:16, 15]
— Yosef, the one [+ who became a legal] son of Heli
Lk 3:24-31 Yosef to David
3:24
of Matthat, of Levi, of Malki, of Yannai, of Yosef,
3:25
of Mattathiyahu, of Amos, of Nahum, of Esli, of Naggai,
3:26
of Maath, of Mattathiyahu, of Semein, of Yosef, of Yoda,
3:27
of Yohanan, of Rhesa, of Zerubbabel, of Shealtiel, of Neri,
3:28
of Malki, of Addi, of Kosam, of Elmadam, of Er,
3:29
of Yoses, of Eliezer, of Yorim, of Matthat, of Levi,
3:30
of Symeon, of Yehudah, of Yosef, of Yonam, of Eliakim,
3:31
of Melea, of Menna, of Mattatha, of Nathan, of David,
Lk 3:32-34a {//Mt 1:2-6} David to Abraham
3:32
of Yishai, of Obed, of Boaz, of Salmon{/mss}, of Nahshon,
3:33
of Amminadab, of Ram{/mss}, of Hezron, of Perez, of Yehudah,
3:34a
of Yaakob, of Isaac, of Abraham,
Lk 3:34b-38 Abraham to Adam
3:34b
of Terah (20), of Nahor,
3:35
of Serug, of Reu, of Peleg, of Eber, of Shelah,
3:36
{of Kainan[LXX]}, of Arphaxad, of Shem, of Noah(10), of Lamech,
3:37
of Methuselah, of Hanokh, of Yared, of Mahalaleel, of Kainan,
3:38
of Enos, of Seth, of Adam(1), of the Elohim. ◊
OT quotations & allusions in G-Mt
Parallel Passages in New Testament from Old Testament:
Direct/indirect quotations or Allusions (marked with *)
www.blueletterbible.org/study/misc/quotes01.cfm#Mat
G-Mt Source G-Mt Source G-Mt Source
1:23 Isa 7:14 12:3 1Sa 21:6* 21:44 Zec 12:3*
2:6 Mic 5:2 12:5 Nm 28:9, 10* 21:44 Dan 2:34, 35, 44*
2:15 Hos 11:1 12:7 Hos 6:6 22:24 Deu 25:5
2:18 Jer 31:15 12:18 Isa 42:1 22:32 Exd 3:6
3:3 Isa 40:3 12:18-21 Isa 42:1-4 22:37 Deu 6:5
4:4 Deu 8:3 12:40 Jon 1:17 &c* 22:39 Lev 19:18
4:6 Psa 91:11, 12 12:42 1Ki 10:1* 22:44 Psa 110:1
4:7 Deu 6:16 13:14 Isa 6:9, 10 23:35 Gen 4:8*
4:10 Deu 6:13 13:35 Psa 78:2 23:35 2Ch 24:21, 22*
4:10 Deu 10:20 15:4 Exd 20:12 23:38 Psa 69:25*
4:15, 16 Isa 9:1, 2 15:4 Deu 5:16 23:38 Jer 12:7*
4:15, 16 Isa 42:7 15:4 Exd 21:17 23:38 Jer 22:5*
5:5 Psa 37:11* 15:4 Lev 20:9* 23:39 Psa 118:26*
5:21 Exd 20:13* 15:4 Pro 20:20* 24:15 Dan 9:27*
5:21 Deu 5:17 15:8, 9 Isa 29:13 24:15 Dan 8:13*
5:27 Exd 20:14* 16:4 Jon 1:17* 24:15 Dan 11:31*
5:27 Deu 5:18 17:10 Mal 4:5* 24:15 Dan 12:11*
5:31 Deu 24:1* 18:15 Lev 19:17* 24:21 Jer 30:7
5:33 Exd 20:7* 18:16 Lev 19:15* 24:29 Isa 13:9, 10*
5:33 Lev 19:12* 18:16 Deu 19:15* 24:29 Joe 2:10*
5:38 Exd 21:24* 19:4 Gen 1:27* 24:29 Joe 3:15*
5:38 Lev 24:20* 19:5 Gen 2:24 24:29 Eze 32:7*
5:38 Deu 19:21 19:7 Deu 24:1* 24:35 Isa 51:16*
5:43 Lev 19:18* 19:18 Exd 20:12 &c 24:37 Gen 7:4*
5:48 Gen 17:1 19:19 Lev 19:18 25:41 Psa 6:8
7:23 Psa 6:8 19:26 Jer 32:17* 26:24 Psa 22:1-31*
8:4 Lev 14:2, 3* 21:5 Zec 9:9 26:31 Zec 13:7
8:17 Isa 53:4 21:9 Psa 118:26 26:60 Psa 35:11*
9:13 Hsa 6:6 21:13 Isa 56:7 26:67 Isa 50:6*
10:35, 36 Mic 7:6* 21:13 Jer 7:11 27:9, 10 Zec 11:13
11:5 Isa 35:5* 21:16 Psa 8:2 27:35 Psa 22:18
11:5 Isa 29:18* 21:33 Isa 5:1* 27:43 Psa 22:7, 8, 9*
11:10 Mal 3:1* 21:42 Psa 118:22, 23 27:46 Psa 22:1
11:14 Mal 4:5* 21:44 Isa 8:14* 28:18 Dan 7:14*

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