Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CONTRASTE
A. Hay distintas maneras de indicar contraste entre ideas. Las siguientes expresiones
generalmente introducen oraciones que indican contraste:
1. This is the most efficient existing cycle capable of converting a given amount of thermal
energy into work or, conversely, creating a temperature difference (e.g. for
refrigeration) by doing a given amount of work.
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2. By contrast, the new Mercedes-Benz S400 Hybrid, also the company's first hybrid,
went from an eight-cylinder to a six-cylinder engine compared with its base model.
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B. En algunos casos, estos conectores indican que la información que sigue reemplaza a
la anterior.
Ej:
Alternatively Rather
Then whereas
TRADUZCA LAS SIGUIENTES ORACIONES:
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But In spite of
Nonetheless Even if
Though Even so
Yet
1. Failure is not simply defined as when a part breaks, however; it is defined as when a
part does not operate as intended.
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2. Having one cylinder is typical of most lawn mowers, but most cars have more than one
cylinder (four, six and eight cylinders are common).
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3. The fluid can be of any composition; gas is by far the most common, although even
single-phase liquid is sometimes used
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CAUSA Y EFECTO
Cuando se leen textos en inglés, es importante comprender las diferentes formas en las que se
puede expresar la relación entre causas y efectos de una acción. Si un razonamiento comienza
con efectos o resultados, las causas son las razones que conducen de una manera lógica a
esos resultados. Esta relación de causa-efecto se utiliza generalmente en textos académicos.
A. En algunos casos, son los verbos los que indican esta relación de causa-efecto. Ej:
Result Be caused by
Cause Be produced by
Produce Result in
Enable
1. Compression is the stress state caused by an applied load that acts to reduce the length
of the material (compression member) in the axis of the applied load.
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2. The fluid then, by expanding and acting on the mechanism of the engine produces
motion and usable work.
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B. Los siguientes conectores se utilizan para expresar causa:
As a consequence Since
Because as
1. This efficiency makes sense for a heat engine, since it is the fraction of the heat energy
extracted from the hot reservoir and converted to mechanical work. characters.
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Thus Therefore
Consequently Hence
1. The piston and cylinder are assumed to be thermally insulated, thus they neither
gain nor lose heat.
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2. The pace of economic development of a country is preceded by its industrialization
rate, hence, industrialization is considered inevitable in a developing economy.
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1. Maximum efficiency is achieved if and only if no new entropy is created in the cycle.
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