Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A bond that is issued at a price with deep discount to its face value according to the stated yield but pays
no interest.
Short selling a stock is the action of selling a share to the market that is not owned by the seller, but is
borrowed from a stockholder and agrees to repay the stock at a pre-determined date. This action is
motivated by a prediction that stock's price will decline, enabling the investor to buy the stock back at a
lower price in future when she is obliged to return to the borrower and make a profit.
(3) Describe four major differences between exchanges and over-the-counter (OTC) markets for
derivatives.
1. Exchanges have a physical place as central clearing house of trade while OTC have never been a
“place” as central clearing house of trade.
2. Exchanges have little counter-party risk as margin posted from both sides of trades to act as a “good
faith” deposit, but OTC has more counter-party risk
3. Exchanges have standardized contracts on underlying assets, contract size, maturity; but OTC
contracts are generally customized and exotic.
4. Exchanges have Transparent public information on prices and trades , while OTC are generally having
Opaque information on prices and trades
(4) Suppose a risk-free bond which pays $100 in three years is trading at $90 now. Compute its
annual interest rate in both the “simple interest rate” convention and the “continuously-
compounded interest rate” convention
(2) Suppose that Intel suddenly announces a dividend of $1 per share in exactly 2 months, and
assume that the Intel stock price does not change upon the announcement. What must be
the new 3-month forward price for the Intel stock?
(3) If after the dividend announcement, the 3-month forward price still stays the same, how
would you make arbitrage profit from the market mis-pricing?
(4) Suppose that Intel suddenly announces two dividend payments of $1 per share in exactly 1
month and 2 months, and assume that the Intel stock price does not change upon the
announcement. What must be the new 3-month forward price for the Intel stock?
The predicted risk free forward price after 6 months by the market: So*e^(r×T) = 1100 * e^(5% *6/12) =
$1127.846633. If the forward price is 1135, I will borrow 1100 to buy the 1 share of S&P 5000 and short
a 6 months forward contract. After 6 months, I will repay the debt, which worth 1127.85 at that time
with the forward contract return : $1135, causing a earning of $7.153367 per share.
Fina 3203 HW 1 --- Lo Chi Tat(20350750)
(2) Suppose you observe a 6-month forward price of 1115. What arbitrage would you
undertake?
The predicted risk free forward price after 6 months by the market: So*e^(r×T) = 1100 * e^(5% *6/12) =
$1127.846633. Accordingly, I will short sell one share of S&P 500, then long a 6-month forward contract
of S&P 500. Besides, I will also invest the money from short sell at t = 0 into the risk free investment.
After 6 months,I will buy back the share in forward price with the long contract and them repay the
borrowed stock (from short sell). Accordingly, I can earn : 1127.85-1115 = $12.85 .
950*10*250 = $2375000
The notional value is $2375000
(4) Suppose you earn a continuously-compounded interest rate of 6% on your margin balance,
your position is marked to market weekly, and the maintenance margin is 80% of the initial
margin. What is the greatest S&P 500 index futures price 1 week from today at which will
you receive a margin call?
(2) On May 20, the price of one ABC share is $150. What is the forward price of a forward
contract with delivery date December 20 (this is a different contract)?
(4) Sometimes it is the case that you would be prepared to actually pay someone else for the
right to walk away from a forward contract. In this case, the value of the forward contract is
negative. Re-do part (iii) under the assumption that on May 20, the price of one ABC share is
$50.
(5) (Optional) What is the May 20 value of a short position in the original forward contract if the
ABC share price on May 20 is $150?
(6) (Optional) What is the May 20 value of a short position in the original forward contract if the
ABC share price on May 20 is $50?
Value is $52.53 if it is a short position contract and price is 50 on may 20
(7) (Optional) What is the value of a long position in the original forward contract on February
20 (the entry date)?
The value of long contract in the original forward contract at t = 0 is 0.