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Contents
Periodic table .......................................................................................................................................... 2
How to remember the first three periods .......................................................................................... 2
Oxidation vs. reduction: ............................................................................................................... 3
ACIDS BASES AND SALTS ......................................................................................................................... 3
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ......................................................................................................................... 7
ELECTROLYSIS .......................................................................................................................................... 8
METALLURGY ........................................................................................................................................ 10
STUDY OF COMPOUNDS: HCl ................................................................................................................ 11
STUDY OF COMPOUNDS: AMMONIA.................................................................................................... 12
STUDY OF COMPOUNDS: NITRIC ACID.................................................................................................. 14
STUDY OF COMPOUNDS: SULPHURIC ACID .......................................................................................... 14
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY ........................................................................................................................... 16
ALKANES ............................................................................................................................................ 16
ALKENES ............................................................................................................................................ 17
ALKYNES ............................................................................................................................................ 17
ALCOHOLS ......................................................................................................................................... 18
ACETIC ACID ...................................................................................................................................... 18
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS............................................................................................................................ 18
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
Periodic table
How to remember the first three periods
New Nations Might Also Sign Peace Security Clause. Arthur King Can
Hi Hydrogen Atomic No 1
He Helium Atomic No 2
Lied Lithium Atomic No 3
Because Berilium Atomic No 4
Boron Boron Atomic No 5
Could Carbon Atomic No 6
Not Nitrogen Atomic No 7
Oxidize Oxygen Atomic No 8
Fluorine Fluorine Atomic No 9
New Neon Atomic No 10
Nations Sodium (Na) Atomic No 11
Might Magnesium (Mg) Atomic No 12
Also Aluminium Atomic No 13
Sign Silicon Atomic No 14
Peace Phosphorous Atomic No 15
Security Sulphur Atomic No 16
Clause Chlorine (Cl) Atomic No 17
Arthur Argon Atomic No 18
King Potassium (K) Atomic No 19
Can Caclium Atomic No 20
Li Na K Rb Cs Fr
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
Group 17 (halogens)
F Cl Br I At
Remember this Cats has Paws Cations positive Don’t need to remember Anion as -ve
BASE
ALKALI
STRONG ACID
WEAK ACID
CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+
STRONG ALKALI
WEAK ALKALI
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
MONOBASIC ACID
DIBASIC ACID
TRIBASIC ACID
MONOACIDIC BASE
DIACIDIC BASE
H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
H2 + I2 → 2HI
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
4Na + O2 → 2Na2O
2Mg + O2 → 2MgO
S + O2 → SO2
H2O + SO2 → H2SO3[aq]
2SO2 + O2 → 2SO3
H2O + SO3 → H2SO4[aq]
N2 + O2 → 2NO [at high temp.]
2NO + O2 → 2NO2
H2O + 2NO2 → HNO2 + HNO3
PREPARATION OF ACIDS
NEUTRALIZATION
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
SIMPLE DISPLACEMENT
HYDROLYSIS OF SALTS
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
REACTIONS OF NaOH SOLUTION ON SALTS
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
ELECTROLYSIS
STRONG ELECTROLYTES
WEAK ELECTROLYTES
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
Current : 3 amps
Dissociation : H2SO4 2H1+ + SO42-
H2O H + OH1-
1+
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
ELECTROREFINING OF COPPER
METALLURGY
CONCENTRATED ORE TO OXIDE
ROASTING
CALCINATION
BY ELECTROLYSIS
BY REDUCING AGENTS
ZnO + C Zn + CO↑
2PbO + C 2Pb + CO2↑
Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2↑
FeO + CO Fe + CO2↑
BY THERMAL DECOMPOSITION
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
METALLURGY OF ZINC
METALLURGY OF IRON
METALLURGY OF ALUMINIUM
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
ACIDIC PROPERTY
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
3Mg + N2 → Mg3N2
Mg3N2 + 6H2O[warm] → 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3↑
3Ca + N2 → Ca3N2
Ca3N2 + 6H2O[warm] → 3Ca(OH)2 + 2NH3↑
2Al + N2 → 2AlN
AlN + 3H2O[warm] →Al(OH)3 + NH3↑
HABER’S PROCESS
Temperature : 450-500⁰C
Pressure : 200-900 atms
If catalyst finely divided Fe then promotor Mo
If catalyst Fe2O3 then promotor 1% K2O and 3% Al2O3
Impurities : CO, CO2, H2S
PREPARATION OF AMMONIUM SALTS
NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl
NH3 + HNO3 →NH4NO3
2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4
NH4OH + HCl → NH4Cl + H2O
NH4OH + HNO3 → NH4NO3 + H2O
2NH4OH + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4 + 2H2O
2NO + O2 → 2NO2
BASIC NATURE
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
REDUCING NATURE
IN LAB
OXIDISING NATURE
CONTACT PROCESS
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
DILUTION TANK
H2S2O7 + H2O → 2H2SO4
ACIDIC NATURE
DIBASIC ACID
H2SO4 H+ + HSO4-
HSO4- H+ + SO42-
H2SO4 2H+ + SO42-
OXIDISING AGENT
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
C6H12O6 6C + 6H2O
C12H22O11 12C + 11H2O
[C6H10O5]n 6[C]n + 5[H2O]n
CuSO4 . 5H2O CuSO4 + 5H2O
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
ALKANES
PREPARATION
IN LAB
CH3COONa + NaOH CH4 + Na2CO3
C2H5COONa + NaOH C2H6 + Na2CO3
GENERAL METHOD – FROM ALKYL HALIDES
CH3I + 2[H] CH4 + HI
C2H5Br + 2[H] C2H6 + HBr
2CH3I + 2Na C2H6 + 2NaI
SUBSTITUTION REACTION
OXIDATION
COMPLETE
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
INCOMPLETE
ALKENES
PREPARATION
IN LAB
BY DEHYDRATION OF C2H5OH
C2H5OH C2H4 + H2O
BY DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF C2H5Br
C2H5Br + KOH[alcoholic] C2H4 + KBr + H2O
GENERAL METHOD BY CRACKING
C2H6 C2H4 + H2
ADDITION REACTIONS
HALOGENATION
C2H4 + Cl2 C2H4Cl2
C2H2 + Br2 C2H4Br2
C2H4 + I2 C2H4I2
OXIDATION
With cold dil. KMnO4 sol-Baeyer’s Reagent
C2H4 + H2O + [O] → C2H4(OH)2
Combustion
C2H4 + 3O2 → 2CO2 + 2H2O + Δ
ALKYNES
PREPARATION
IN LAB
CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2
C2H4Br2 + 2KOH[alcoholic] C2H2 + 2KBr + 2H2O
GENERAL METHOD
FROM METHANE
2CH4 C2H2 + 3H2
ADDITION REACTIONS
CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION
C2H2 + H2 C2H4 + H2 C2H6
HALOGENATION
C2H2 + Cl2 C2H2Cl2 + Cl2 C2H2Cl4
C2H2 + Br2 C2H2Br2 + Br2 C2H2Br4
C2H2 + I2 C2H2I2
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
OXIDATION
With dil. Alkaline KMnO4
C2H2 + 4[O] → OH-COOH
Combustion
2C2H2 + 5O2 → 4CO2 + 2H2O + Δ
AMMONIACAL SILVER NITRATE
C2H2 + 2AgNO3 + 2NH4OH → Ag-C≡C-Ag + 2NH4NO3 + 2H2O
ALCOHOLS
PREPARATION
IN LAB
C2H5Cl + NaOH[aq] C2H5OH + NaCl
C2H5Br + KOH[aq] C2H5OH + KBr
INDUSTRIAL METHOD
C2H4 + H2SO4 C2H5-HSO4
C2H5-HSO4 + H2O → C2H5OH + H2SO4
COMBUSTION
OXIDATION
SODIUM
ACETIC ACID
C2H5OH + CH3COOH CH3COO-C2H5 + H2O
SULPHURIC ACID
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
PREPARATION
ACIDIC NATURE
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CHEMISTRY EQUATIONS FOR ICSE CLASS 10
ALCOHOLS
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