Professional Documents
Culture Documents
3
SC-GCM-81 CM Issue 1 © Copyright 2005 Spirax-Sarco Limited
Module 11.3
Mechanical Steam Traps
Air cock
Balanced
pressure
capsule
Fig. 11.3.1 Float trap with air cock Fig. 11.3.2 Float trap with thermostatic air vent
The automatic air vent uses the same balanced pressure capsule element as a thermostatic
steam trap, and is located in the steam space above the condensate level. After releasing the
initial air, it remains closed until air or other non-condensable gases accumulate during normal
running and cause it to open by reducing the temperature of the air /steam mixture. The
thermostatic air vent offers the added benefit of significantly increasing condensate capacity on
cold start-up.
In the past, the thermostatic air vent was a point of weakness if waterhammer was present in the
system. Even the ball could be damaged if the waterhammer was severe. However, in modern
float traps the air vent is a compact, very robust, all stainless steel capsule, and the modern
welding techniques used on the ball makes the complete float-thermostatic steam trap very
robust and reliable in waterhammer situations.
In many ways the float-thermostatic trap is the closest to an ideal steam trap. It will discharge
condensate as soon as it is formed, regardless of changes in steam pressure.
Advantages of the float-thermostatic steam trap
o The trap continuously discharges condensate at steam temperature. This makes it the first
choice for applications where the rate of heat transfer is high for the area of heating surface
available.
o It is able to handle heavy or light condensate loads equally well and is not affected by wide
and sudden fluctuations of pressure or flowrate.
o As long as an automatic air vent is fitted, the trap is able to discharge air freely.
o It has a large capacity for its size.
o The versions which have a steam lock release valve are the only type of trap entirely suitable
for use where steam locking can occur.
o It is resistant to waterhammer.
Outlet
Orifice
Bleed hole
Inverted bucket
Inlet
(i)
(ii) (iii)
Fig. 11.3.3 Operation of an inverted bucket steam trap
Questions
2. Why is a float trap better at venting air than an inverted bucket trap?
a| A float can quickly adjust to the presence of air ¨
b| A float trap is fitted with an automatic air vent ¨
c| A float trap does not vent air better than a bucket trap ¨
d| The air vent orifice is adjustable on a float trap ¨
3. What added benefit does the automatic air vent offer to a float trap?
a| It stops the trap from freezing in cold weather ¨
b| The trap can be used on larger backpressures ¨
c| It significantly increases the cold start-up capacity of the trap ¨
d| The condensate orifice can be the same size for all pressure ranges ¨
6. Which is the best trap to use when steam locking can occur?
a| An inverted bucket trap with an internal check valve mechanism ¨
b| A balanced pressure steam trap ¨
c| A float trap with automatic air vent ¨
d| A float trap with steam lock release mechanism ¨
Answers
1: a, 2: b, 3: c, 4: b, 5: d, 6: d