Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ESSENC
CE - Interna
ational Jourrnal for Envvironmentaal Rehabilitaation and Conservation
n
Volume V: No. 2 2014 [2
28 – 34] [ISS
SN 0975 - 62722]
[ww
ww.essence-jouurnal.com]
Proceedings of
o National Coonference
“Environmental Conserrvation and Cllean India Proogramme” Deccember 2014, India
I
Abstractt
Prinncipal compponent anallysis (PCA)) is an
An exttensive inv vestigation of physicco-
impportant statisstical methood to ascerrtain the
chemicall parameters of water sam mple of Gannga
paraameters respponsible for variability in i water
River att different Ghats of Allahabad
A v
viz:
quaality variannce. One latent factoor was
Shringveerpur, Phaaphamau, Daraganj &
idenntified as ressponsible foor the data sttructure,
Sangam during pre-monsoon, monsoon &
explaining 92.991% of tottal variancee in the
post-monnsoon seaso ons in year 2013-14. Ten T
dataaset i.e.; firsst factor expplained 92.991 % of
physico-cchemical paarameters as pH, Electriical
totaal variance inn the datasett. The preseent study
Conductiivity (EC), Dissolved OxygenO (DO
O),
focuuses on the four broad,, often overrlapping,
Biologicaal Oxygen Demand
D (BOOD), Chemiical
phaases under whichw the legal provissions of
Oxygen Demand (COD), ( Tootal Alkalinnity
Indiia can be revviewed.
(TA), Tootal Hardneess (TH), Total T Dissolve
Solids (T T.D.S), Chlloride & Turbidity
T were Keyywords: Gaanga River | physico-cchemical
used to analyse
a the pollution inndex of Gannga paraameters | correlation | Principal
P Com
mponent
river at Allahabad.
A Correlation
C C
Coefficient w
was Anaalysis (PCA))
calculateed between different
d pairrs of parameeter
Intrroduction
to identiffy the highlyy correlated & interrelatted
water quuality param meters. (Signnificance levvel Watter of adeqquate quanttity and quuality is
0.05). esseential for suustainable development
d (Khalil
andd Ouarda, 2009).
2 Wateer quality performs
p
For correespondence: impportant role in
i health of human,
h animmals and
Department of Botany, University
U of Allahabad,
A plannts [Pejman (2009) and Zhao et al. (2012)].
Allahabadd, Uttar Pradesh
h, India
Watter quality is the critical
c facttor that
Email: ruubypandeybotan nyau@gmail.ccom
influuences human health as well as the quantity
28
Pandey et al. /Vol. V [2] 20014 /28 – 34
F 2: Assessm
Fig. ment of water quality
q
Table 3 represented the deteermined inittial reprresents moree than 90%% of the variance in
Principall Component (PC) and a its Eiggen watter quality of the river Ganges.
G Total 91.92
values, percent
p of variance annd cumulative % by
b PC 1. Taable 4 depictted that the first PC
percent ofo variance contributedd in each PC.P accoounting for 91.92 % of the total variance
v
The figuure shows thhe Scree ploot of the Eiggen wass positive coorrelated witth all param
meters as
value foor each co omponent inn which tw wo pH, EC, TA, TH T ,TDS, BO OD ,COD, Chloride
C
Principall Componentt were obtainned with Eiggen andd Turbidity whereas DO D show negative
n
value >1. Eigen valuues accounts that first PC
C is conntribution to this
t variancee.
the most significant component
c w
which
31
Pandey et al. /Vol. V [2] 20014 /28 – 34
Corrrelation Matriixa
Parameter pH EC
E DO
O BOD COD TA T
TH Cl Turbidityy T.D.S
pH 1.000
EC 0.934 1.000
DO -0.935 -1
1.000 1.000
BOD 0.970 0.993 -0.9993 1.000
COD 0.602 0.848 -0.8445 0.778 1.000
TA 0.989 0.976 -0.9777 0.995 0.712 1.000
TH 0.668 0.890 -0.8888 0.829 0.996 0.769 1.000
Chloride 0.918 0.999 -0.9999 0.987 0.869 0.966 0.909 1.0000
Turbidity 0.812 0.967 -0.9666 0.930 0.955 0.888 0.977 0.9777 1.000
T.D.S 0.995 0.966 -0.9667 0.990 0.681 0.999 0.741 0.9544 0.868 1.000
a. This matrix is not positive definite.
d
Table 2
Componentt Initial Eigen values
Total % off Variance Cumulativee %
1 9.192 9
91.924 91.924
2 0.808 8.076 100.0000
3 8.162E-166 8.162E-15 100.0000
4 2.544E-166 2.5544E-15 100.0000
5 1.812E-166 1.8812E-15 100.0000
6 9.243E-177 9.2243E-16 100.0000
7 1.368E-177 1.3368E-16 100.0000
8 -1.395E-16 -1.395E-15 100.0000
9 -1.450E-16 -1.450E-15 100.0000
10 -2.804E-16 -2.804E-15 100.0000
Extraction Method:
M Princip
pal Componentt Analysis
Table 3: Total
T variance explained
Componeent Matrixa
Component
C
1
Chlorride 1.000
ECC 1.000
DOO -1.000
BOD 0.989
Turbiidity 0.973
TAA 0.970
T.D.S. 0.958
pH
H 0.924
TH
H 0.902
COOD 0.862
Extraction Meethod: Principaal Component Analysis.
a. 1 components extracted
Table 4
33
Pandey et al. /Vol. V [2] 20014 /28 – 34
34