LEAP Bridge Enterprise

Bridge Geometry, Substructure & Superstructure 

Volume II ‐ Tutorials 

Version 12.01.00.00 
 

DAA038530-1/0001
 LEAP CONSPAN USER MANUAL

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Table of Contents

Chapter T Tutorial Sessions

Tutorial T1 3-Span Precast I-Girder

Superstructure Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-4
Substructure Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-5
Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T1-6

Tutorial T2 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge

Problem Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-3
Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T2-5

Tutorial T3 3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge

Problem Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-3
Start of Tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T3-4

Index

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 Chapter
Tutorial Sessions
T

The chapter consists of tutorial sessions for LEAP Bridge. These tutorials are designed to familiarize you with the
capabilities of the program through a “hands-on” approach.
Each tutorial takes you through an entire design session, screen-by-screen. Upon completing these tutorials, you
should be familiar with most of the features in LEAP Bridge. This chapter includes three tutorials.
Table T-1
Tutorial 1: 3-Span Precast I-girder Bridge 72-inch Bulb Tee Girder Design (LRFD) (U.S. Units)
You will learn: - How to define a multi-span prestressed girder bridge.
- How to design superstructure and piers via component programs.
- How to obtain geometry and design reports.
Tutorial 2: 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder
You will learn: - How to define a multi-span cast-in-place post-tensioned box girder bridge.
- How to design the bridge superstructure and required PT.
- How to obtain geometric and design reports.
Tutorial 3: 3-Span CIP R/C Slab
You will learn: - How to define a multi-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete haunched slab
bridge.
- How to design bridge superstructures and piers.
- How to obtain geometric and design reports.

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 T Tutorial Sessions

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 Tutorial
3-Span Precast I-Girder
T1
This tutorial illustrates some of the basic features of LEAP Bridge. It takes you through a LEAP Bridge session,
step-by-step, demonstrating the design of a precast/prestressed bridge beam using the AASHTO LRFD design
code. In this tutorial, you will be designing beam 2 of span 1 of a three-span continuous bridge.
The information for Tutorial 1 is contained in a LEAP Bridge data file called “Tutor1.xml” and the folder called
“Tutor1.” As an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load
this file and only work on the sections that you wish. To load this file, select Open from the File menu. Move to the
LEAP Bridge\Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file “Tutor1.xml.”

Diagrams

Figure T1-1 Elevation View

The superstructure and substructure information are defined in CONSPAN and RC-PIER, and in this case are saved
in previous files. This session shows how this information is transferred to LEAP Bridge for full bridge description.

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 T1

Figure T1-2 Cross-Section View

CL Pier CL Pier CL Pier CL P

116'-0" 116'-0" 116'-0"
(Precast Length) (Precast Length) (Precast Length)
0'-6"
0'-6" 0'-6"
( Pier CL Precast End )

Span 1 Span 2 Span 3

115'-0" 115'-0" 115'-0"

(Brg. to Brg.) (Brg. to Brg.) (Brg. to Brg.)
117'-0" 117'-0" 117'-0"
( CL Pier to Pier) ( CL Pier to Pier) ( CL Pier to Pier)
Figure T1-3 Span Data

42"
Haunch Width

8" Deck Thick ness

1/2"
Haunch Thick ness

BT-72

Figure T1-4 Topping Data

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 T1

Symmetrical about midspan

Beam End
.4L = 46'
Depress Point
L/2 = 57.5'
Li/2 = 58.0'

a) Elevation

2 @ 68.5"
2 @ 66.5"
2 @ 64.5"
2 @ 62.5"
2 @ 60.5"

Draped Strands

Straight Strands

2 @ 10.5"
4 @ 8.5"
8 @ 6.5"
12 @ 4.5"
12 @ 2.5"

b) End Pattern c) Midspan Pattern

Figure T1-5 Pattern for Tutorial 1

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 T1

Superstructure Data
Concrete Properties
Strength
Precast, release 5 ksi
Precast, 28 days 6 ksi
Cast-in-place topping, 28 days 3.5 ksi
Density, all concrete 150 pcf
Strand Properties
Strand Type 1/2” - 270 K - Low relaxation
(Es = 28,000 ksi)
Two-point depressed pattern, depression
point at 0.4L
Rebar Properties
Grade 60 rebar
Prestress Loss Information
Calculation Method AASHTO LRFD
Hours to release 18
Relative humidity 75%
Live Load
HL-93
Dead Load
On precast 0.180 klf, due to stay-in-place
forms
Additional Dead Load
On composite 0.0305 ksf (applied over 51.0
ft.), due to future wearing
surface

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 T1

Substructure Data
Concrete Strength
Cap 4000 psi
Columns 4000 psi
Footings 4000 psi
Modulus of Elasticity 3834 ksi
Concrete Density
Cap 150 pcf
Columns 150 pcf
Footings 150 pcf
Other Parameters
Crack Control Factor z = 170 kips/in
Pier Configuration
Cap: Length × Height × Depth = 51 ft × 54 in × 54 in
Start Elevation = 92.79 ft
End Elevation = 92.79 ft
Factor of Reduced Moment of Inertia = 1.0 (non-cracked section)
Columns: Circular, Fixed at base
Column Height = 20 ft
Diameter = 36 in
Factor of Reduced Moment of Inertia: = 1.0 (non-cracked section)
Wind on Live Load
Wind Angle = +30°
Footing Surcharge
Footing  = 0.200 ksf

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 T1

Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start >
Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.

Step 1
The Project screen will now be displayed, as shown in Figure T1-6. In the Project tab, enter the general
information in the fields as shown in Figure T1-6. From the File menu select Save As and save your data as
“Tutor1.xml” in a directory of your choice.

Figure T1-6 Project Tab Screen

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 T1

Step 2
Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time the bridge is not defined, and nothing is
shown.
Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the superstructure is undefined.
Click the CONSPAN button to invoke CONSPAN.
Once in CONSPAN, open the file called “T1_CN.csl,” or enter the superstructure definition. Refer to the
CONSPAN User Manual for data entry in CONSPAN. Refer to the CONSPAN User Manual for analysis and
design of the superstructure, and complete the design of girder number 2 in span 1 (see Tutor 1 of CONSPAN
for the LFD version of this problem). Exit CONSPAN and answer Yes to the prompt for saving the data to
“Tutor1.xml.” Answer Yes to the question “Would you like to generate the reports now?” At this time, you will
have the bridge superstructure views on the Superstructure tab; see Figure T1-7.

Figure T1-7 Superstructure Tab

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 T1

Step 3
Click the Substructure tab. Although PR01 is selected, it is undefined at this time. Click the RC-PIER button
to invoke the program. Once in RC-PIER, open the file called “T1_RCP.rcp,” or enter the substructure
definition. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual for data entry in RC-PIER. Refer to the RC-PIER User Manual
for pier analysis, and design of cap. column and footings. Exit RC-PIER and answer YES to the prompt for
updating the file “Tutor1.xml.” Answer Yes to the prompt “Would you like to generate the reports now?”
Select PR02 from the drop-down list and press the RC-PIER button to invoke the program once again. Open
the file “T1_RCP.RCP” and close it to save it in the current bridge. See Figure T1-8.

Figure T1-8 Substructure View

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 T1

Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and then click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH. Close the program and
answer Yes to the prompt to update the file “Tutor1.xml.” The Geometry view now shows the abutments added
by default by GEOMATH.

Figure T1-9 Geometry View

Step 5
On the Geometry tab you can click the Solid button to toggle to Transparent and zoom into the model to view
reinforcement in the entire bridge. You can also select specific components in the tree view for which you want
to look at reinforcement details in the lower 3-D view.

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 T1

Figure T1-10 Geometry View Showing Substructure Reinforcement

Step 6
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the reports.

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 Tutorial
2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge
T2
This LEAP Bridge tutorial takes you through a design, step-by-step, and illustrates some of the basic features of the
program. In this tutorial you will be designing in accordance with the AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications.
The information for this tutorial is contained in an input file called “Tutor2.xml” and a folder called “Tutor2.” As
an alternative to inputting all the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and
only work on the sections you wish. To load this file, select the Open command from the File menu. Browse to the
LEAP BRIDGE/Examples subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file “Tutor2.xml.”
This tutorial is based on a 2-span (162ft. – 150ft.) example provided as CONBOX Tutor 2.

Figure T2-1 Elevation View

Figure T2-2 Typical Section (Post-Tensioning Ducts Not Shown)

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 T2

Figure T2-3 Longitudinal Section and Post-Tensioning Layout

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 T2

Problem Data
Concrete Material Properties
CIP Box Girder Integral Pier
Unit Weight (PCF) 150 150
E-Modulus, E28 (ksi) 3600 3250
Poisson’s Ratio 0.20 0.20
Thermal Coeff. (°F) 6  10-6 --
fci (ksi) 3.5 --
fc (ksi) 4.0 3.25
Humidity (%) 70 --
Ultimate Creep Coeff. Program Calculated --
Ultimate Shrinkage Strain Program Calculated --

Design Specifications
AASHTO LRFD

Units
U.S. (English)

Loss Type/Material Model

Lump Sum 20 ksi

Horizontal Offset
0.00’

Pier Information
Type Integral
Column Size 4’ x 6’
Column Spacing 20’
Column Length 28’

P/T Tendons
Strand Type 1/2” - 270 ksi Low Relaxation (Es = 28,500 ksi)
Tendon Type Unknown
Friction Coeff. 0.20
Wobble Coeff. (1/ft.) 0.0002

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 T2

Relaxation 0 ksi
Jack Type Left
Force Type Force
Left Force 7570 kips per tendon
Left Set 0.375
Right Force N/A
Right Set N/A

Live Load
HS20-44
Permit Trucks P5, P7, P9, P11 and P13

Live Load Distribution Factor

2.68 lanes Assume distribution factor based on full bridge.
Overall Deck Width 37.5
---------- = 2.68 lanes
14
Caltran’s Bridge Design Practice Manual, Figure 2, Section 3.4.3.3 (page 1-13)

Additional Dead Loads

A.C. Overlay Assume 35 psf; w = 0.035[37.5 - 2 (1.75)] = 1.190 klf
Concrete Barrier Assume 392 psf; w = 0.392 x 2 = 0.894 klf

Load Combinations

Dead Loads Superimposed Live Loads

Dead Loads
Initial Self Weight N/A N/A
Final Without Sway Self Weight A.C. Overlay HS20 Truck + Lane
Concrete Barrier Permit Vehicles

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 T2

Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start >
Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.

Step 1
The Project screen displays. Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time, the bridge is
not defined and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once
again, the superstructure is undefined. Click the CONBOX button to invoke CONBOX. Once in CONBOX,
open the file called “T2_CBX.cbx” or enter the superstructure and pier definition. Refer to the CONBOX User
Manual for data entry in CONBOX. Exit CONBOX and answer Yes to the prompt for saving that data file, and
save it as Tutor2.xml. At this time, the Superstructure tab in LEAP Bridge will display the superstructure
geometry as shown in Figure T2-4.

Figure T2-4 Superstructure Screen

Step 2
Click the Project tab, and enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T2-5.

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 T2

Figure T2-5 Project Tab Screen

Step 3
Click the Substructure tab and note that the integral pier geometry is shown. Click the RC-PIER button to invoke
the program. Once in RC-PIER, you can notice that all of the information related to the integral cap pier as defined
in CONBOX has been brought over. You can choose to continue to add additional information and analyze the
substructure in RC-PIER. In this example, we will focus on the data transfer aspect only. You can view the
transferred information in the Geometry tab, in the Pier Config, SuperStr, Cap, Column and Brng/Girder dialogs.
Click OK to close RC-PIER.

Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and view the 3-D view of the bridge. Click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH.
Exit GEOMATH and note the abutments are added to the bridge by default as shown in Figure T2-6.

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 T2

Figure T2-6 Geometry Screen

Step 5
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the results.

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 T2

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 Tutorial
3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge
T3
This LEAP Bridge tutorial takes you through a design, step-by-step, demonstrating the design of a continuous
3-span cast-in-place reinforced concrete haunched slab. In this tutorial you will be designing in accordance with the
AASHTO LRFD Design Specifications.
The information for this tutorial is contained in an input file called “Tutor3.xml.” As an alternative to inputting all
the information from scratch, as directed in this tutorial, you can load this file and only work on the sections you
wish. To load this file, select the Open command from the File menu. Browse to the LEAPBRIDGE/Examples
subdirectory, if it is not already showing, and select the file “Tutor3.xml.”
This tutorial is adapted from the Kansas Department of Transportation’s concrete haunched slab standards.

Figure T3-1 Elevation View

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 T3

Figure T3-2 Cast-in-Place Concrete Haunch Slab

Figure T3-3 Cross Section (A-A)

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 T3

Problem Data
Concrete Material Properties
CIP Slab Drop-Cap Pier
Unit Weight (Pcf) 150 150
E-Modulus, E28 (Ks) 4000 4000
Poisson’s Ratio 0.20 0.20
Thermal Coeff. (1/°F) 6  10-6 --
fci (a) - --
fc (a) 5 5
Humidity (%) 80 --
Ultimate Creep Coeff. Program Calculated --
Ultimate Shrinkage Strain Program Calculated --

Design Specifications
AASHTO LRFD

Units
English

Rebar Information
fy = Grade 60

Superimposed Dead Loads

On Composite (DW) FWS = 0.9538 K/ft
On Composite (DC) 2 barriers = 0.55 K/ft

Load Combinations

Dead Superimposed Live

Loads Dead Loads Loads
Self Weight FWS HL-93 – Multilane
Concrete Barrier

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 T3

Start of Tutorial
Start LEAP Bridge. By default, the program is installed in Programs/LEAP Software. To open, click Start >
Programs> LEAP Software > LEAP BRIDGE.

Step 1
The Project screen displays. Click the Geometry tab to display the Geometry screen. At this time, the bridge is not
defined, and nothing is shown. Click the Superstructure tab to display the bridge superstructure. Once again, the
superstructure is undefined. Click the CONBOX button to invoke CONBOX. Once in CONBOX, open the file
called “T3_CBX.cbx,” or enter the superstructure and pier definition. Refer to the CONBOX User Manual for data
entry in CONBOX. Exit CONBOX and answer Yes to the prompt for updating the LEAP Bridge model, and No to
generate reports. Now save the LEAP Bridge file as “Tutor3.xml.” At this time, the Superstructure tab in LEAP
Bridge will display the superstructure geometry as shown in Figure T3-4.

Figure T3-4 Superstructure Screen

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 T3

Step 2
Click the Project tab, and enter the general information in the fields as shown in Figure T3-5.

Figure T3-5 Project Tab Screen

Step 3
Click the Substructure tab and note that the pier geometry is shown. In this case, the pier was defined as a drop cap
and therefore can be imported in RC-PIER. While Bent1 is selected in the pier list, click the RC-PIER button to
invoke the program.
Once in RC-PIER, open the file called “T3_RCP.rcp” or enter the substructure definition. Refer to the RC-PIER
User Manual for data entry in RC-PIER. Exit the program and answer Yes to the prompt for updating the LEAP
Bridge model. Select Bent2 from the drop-down list and press the RC-PIER button to invoke the program. Once
again, open the file “T3_RCP.rcp” and close it to save it in the current bridge. See Figure T3-6.

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 T3

Figure T3-6 Substructure Tab Screen

Step 4
Click the Geometry tab and view the 3-D view of the bridge. Click the GEOMATH button to invoke GEOMATH.
You can view detailed geometry information, and get quick reports for elevation, cross sections, etc. within
GEOMATH. Next, exit GEOMATH and click OK to update the LB model.

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 T3

Figure T3-7 Geometry Tab Screen

Step 5
Click the Reports tab. Select any desired set of reports and view the results.

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 T3

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Numerics
2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge 1
3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge 1
3-Span Precast I-Girder 1

A
ABC Wizard 1, 5
Adding Curves 25
Adding Tangents 24
Automatic Bridge Creator 3
Automatic Bridge Creator (ABC) Wizard 19

B
Bridge Alignment Dialog Box 24
bridge superstructure 1

C
Canada 5
Component Program Libraries 1
Component Reports 6
Components Menu 17
CONBOX 2, 3, 9, 12, 7, 1
CONSPAN 2, 3, 9, 12, 6, 1
Creating Alignment Ties 25
Cross Section Report 4

D
Data Entry 1
Defining Multiple Bridges Using the ABC Wizard 29
Deleting Segments 25

E
Edit Menu 16

F
File Menu 14
File Menu Terms 14

G
General overview 2
GEOMATH 2, 3, 7, 12, 6
Libraries 1
Geometric Design 3, 4
Geometry Tab 6
Geometry Tab Screen Terms 7
Getting Started 1
Graphics windows 2
Pop-up menus 2

H
Hardware requirements 1
Help Menu 31

I
Input Files 5
Interface 5

L
Layout Report 2, 3
LEAP Bridge Reports 2
Libraries
Component Programs 1

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Libraries Menu 16

M
Main Features 3
Material Properties Definition 23
Material Report 5
Menus
Components 17
File 14
Graphical Options 17
Help 31
Libraries 16
View 16
Microsoft .NET 1
Multiple file copies 7

N
Navigating the program 2

O
Online Help 5, 31
open girder bridge superstructure and substructure 2
Opening Database Files 5
Options Menu 17

P
Pile Pattern 21
Pop-up menus
In graphics windows 2
Print Tab 1
Program Boundaries and Conventions 3
Project information 5
Project Information Report 2
Project Tab 5
ProjectWise 14
ProjectWise Integration 15
ProjectWise Repository 15

R
RC-PIER 2, 3, 10, 13, 7, 1
Reports 3, 11, 1
Component 6
CONBOX 7
CONSPAN 6
create 12
Cross Section - Cast-in-Place Bridge 4
Cross Section - Precast Bridge 4
GEOMATH 6
Geometry 12
Layout Report - Cast-in-Place Bridge 3
Layout Report - Precast Bridge 2
LEAP Bridge 12, 2
Material 5
Print 1
Project Information 2
RC-PIER 7
Save 1
Setup 1
Substructure 13
Superstructure, CIP 12
Superstructure, Precast 12
View 1

IN-ii LEAP© Bridge v12.01.00.00 Volume I

©Bentley Systems, Inc. No part of this user manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.
Reports Tab 11
Reports Tab Screen Terms 12

S
Screen Terms
Geometry Tab 7
Reports Tab 12
Status Bar Option 32
Substructure Tab 10
Superstructure Tab 9
Security 14
shared data 6, 9, 13
Status Bar Options 32
Status Bar Options Terms 32
Substructure Data Definition 21
Substructure Tab 10
Substructure Tab Screen Terms 10
Superstructure Data Definition 20
Superstructure Tab 8
Superstructure Tab Screen Terms 9
System requirements 1

T
Technical Support 7
Tutorials
Tutorial 1 - 3-Span Precast I-Girder 1
Tutorial 2 - 2-Span CIP PT Box Girder Bridge 1
Tutorial 3 - 3-Span CIP R/C Slab Bridge 1
Typographical conventions 2

U
Units 4

V
View Menu 16
Views 17
2-D 9, 11
3-D 3, 7
Project Tree 3
transparent 3

W
Wizard / A B C 19
Wizard / ABC
Advanced Functionality 23

X
XML 5

LEAP© Bridge v12.01.00 Volume I IN-iii

©Bentley Systems, Inc. No part of this user manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.