UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

CLD 10502- PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL PROCESS

ASSIGNMENT 1

NAME : MUHAMMAD DANIAL SYAFIQ BIN MOHD ZARDY (55102217183)

: MUHAMMAD AYUB KASYFI BIN KHAIRUL MIZAM (55102217215)

SECTION : L01 – T1

COURSE : Diploma

DATE : 9 September 2017

 BLOCK FLOW PROCESS FLOW PIPING &
DIAGRAM DIAGRAM INSTRUMENTATIO
. The block flow N DIAGRAM
diagram (BFD) (Figure . They show more
1) is a very simple detail about major . A P&ID (Figure 3)
diagram that can equipment and carries a wealth of
condense an entire subsystems and the fl information that spans
process onto as little as ow of product between engineering disciplines
a single sheet. them to define a process
. The beauty (and . Also indicated are . P&IDs are also
advantage) of a BFD is main headers and required health and
its ability to outline the points of pressure, safety documents
complete process on temperature and fl ow . The U.S. Dept. of
little more than a single control, plus the main Labor’s Occupational
sheet. shutdown points in the Safety and Health
system Administration (OSHA)
. Large individual
pieces of equipment, or . For rotating mandates that P&IDs
equipment as part of a equipment, PFDs carry be accurate and kept
combined process, that important information, up-to-date throughout
are denoted by a single such as pump the life of the plant
symbol, typically a capacities and pressure . P&IDs have always
rectangle heads, and pump and been very valuable and
compressor useful tools, yet it has
. Lines linking horsepower
equipment or processes taken modern
to show fl ow direction . technology to release
their true potential.
P&IDs are no longer
limited to holding
information that only
skilled CAD operators
can access
 IS P&ID RELATED TO THE SAFETY OF THE PLANTS?

P&IDs are also required health and safety documents. The U.S. Dept. of Labor’s
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that P&IDs
be accurate and kept up-to-date throughout the life of the plant. They are
typically created by engineers who are designing a manufacturing process for a
physical plant.These facilities usually require complex chemical or mechanical
steps that are mapped out with P&IDs to construct a plant and also to maintain
plant safety as a reference for Process Safety Information (PSI) in Process
Safety Management (PSM). If something does go wrong, reviewing the P&ID is
usually a good place to start. P&IDs are invaluable documents to keep on hand,
whether they’re used to streamline an existing process, replace a piece of
equipment, or guide the design and implementation of a new facility.
 . HOW THE DIAGRAMS ENABLE THE USERS TO BALANCE THE MASS AND
ENERGY IN PROCESS.

Yes. It is because mass and energy balances are very important in an industry.
Material balances are fundamental to the control of processing, particularly in the
control of yields of the products. The first material balances are determined in the
exploratory stages of a new process, improved during pilot plant experiments
when the process is being planned and tested, checked out when the plant is
commissioned and then refined and maintained as a control instrument as
production continues. When any changes occur in the process, the material
balances need to be determined again.
Material and energy balances are very important in an industry. Material balances are
fundamental to the control of processing, particularly in the control of yields of the
products. The first material balances are determined in the exploratory stages of a
new process, improved during pilot plant experiments when the process is being
planned and tested, checked out when the plant is commissioned and then refined
and maintained as a control instrument as production continues. When any changes
occur in the process, the material balances need to be determined again.