EPM-50 Usermanual (V4.0)

Patient Monitor
EPM-50
User Manual
Contents
Contents ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
Warranty ............................................................................................................................................................5
Return Policy .....................................................................................................................................................5
Preface ...............................................................................................................................................................6
Chapter 1 Introduction....................................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 General Information................................................................................................................... 8
1.2 Screen Display ......................................................................................................................... 10
1.3 Button Function ....................................................................................................................... 12
1.4 Interfaces ................................................................................................................................. 14
1.5 Built-in Battery ........................................................................................................................ 17
Chapter 2 Getting Started ................................................................................................................................ 18
2.1 Open the Package and Check................................................................................................... 18
2.2 Connect the Power Cables ....................................................................................................... 18
2.3 Power on the Monitor .............................................................................................................. 19
2.4 Connect Patient Sensors .......................................................................................................... 19
2.5 Check the Recorder.................................................................................................................. 19
Chapter 3 System Menu .................................................................................................................................. 20
3.1 Patient Information Setup ........................................................................................................ 20
3.2 Default Setup ........................................................................................................................... 22
3.3 Trend Function......................................................................................................................... 22
3.4 Monitor Information ................................................................................................................ 24
3.5 Monitor Set .............................................................................................................................. 24
3.5.1 Alarm Limit ..................................................................................................................... 25
3.5.2 Length of Alarm Records.................................................................................................25
3.5.3 Time Setup....................................................................................................................... 25
3.5.4 Mark Event ...................................................................................................................... 26
3.5.5 Recorder Setup................................................................................................................. 26
3.6 Maintenance............................................................................................................................. 28
3.7 DEMO function ....................................................................................................................... 30
Chapter 4 Patient Safety .................................................................................................................................. 31
Chapter 5 Care / Cleaning ............................................................................................................................... 34
5.1 System Check .......................................................................................................................... 34
5.2 General Cleaning ..................................................................................................................... 35
5.3 Cleaning Agents....................................................................................................................... 35
5.4 Sterilization.............................................................................................................................. 36
5.5 Disinfection ............................................................................................................................. 36
Chapter 6 Alarm .............................................................................................................................................. 37
6.1 Alarm Modes ........................................................................................................................... 37
6.1.1 Alarm Level ..................................................................................................................... 37
6.1.2 Alarm Modes ................................................................................................................... 37
6.1.3 Alarm Setup ..................................................................................................................... 39
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6.2 Alarm Cause ............................................................................................................................ 40
6.3 SILENCE and PAUSE............................................................................................................. 40
6.4 Parameter Alarm ...................................................................................................................... 41
6.5 When an Alarm Occurs............................................................................................................ 41
Chapter 7 Recording (Optional) ...................................................................................................................... 42
7.1 General Information on Recording .......................................................................................... 43
7.2 Recording Type........................................................................................................................ 43
7.3 Recording Startup .................................................................................................................... 46
7.4 Recorder Operations and Status Messages .............................................................................. 47
Chapter 8 ECG/RESP Monitoring................................................................................................................... 48
8.1 What Is ECG Monitoring......................................................................................................... 48
8.2 Precautions during ECG Monitoring ....................................................................................... 49
8.3 Monitoring Procedure.............................................................................................................. 50
8.3.1 Preparation....................................................................................................................... 50
8.3.2 Installing ECG lead.......................................................................................................... 50
8.4 ECG Menu............................................................................................................................... 54
8.5 ECG Alarm Information and Prompt....................................................................................... 57
8.6 ST Segment Monitoring........................................................................................................... 59
8.7 Arr. Monitoring........................................................................................................................ 62
8.8 Measuring RESP...................................................................................................................... 69
8.8.1 How to measure RESP?................................................................................................... 69
8.8.2 Setting Up RESP measurement ....................................................................................... 69
8.8.3 Installing electrode for RESP measurement ....................................................................70
8.8.4 RESP menu ...................................................................................................................... 71
8.9 Maintenance and Cleaning....................................................................................................... 73
Chapter 9 SpO2 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................ 74
9.1 What is SpO2 Monitoring ........................................................................................................ 74
9.1.1 How the SpO2 / PLETH Parameter Works ...................................................................... 74
9.1.1 SpO2 / Pulse Monitoring .................................................................................................. 74
9.2 Precautions during SpO2/Pulse Monitoring ............................................................................. 75
9.3 Monitoring Procedure.............................................................................................................. 76
9.4 Limitations for Measurement................................................................................................... 76
9.5 SpO2 Menu .............................................................................................................................. 77
9.6 Alarm Description and Prompt ................................................................................................ 78
Chapter 10 TEMP Monitoring ......................................................................................................................... 81
10.1 TEMP Monitoring.................................................................................................................... 81
10.2 TEMP SETUP Menu ............................................................................................................... 82
10.3 TEMP Alarm message ............................................................................................................. 82
10.4 Care and Cleaning.................................................................................................................... 83
Chapter 11 NIBP Monitoring .....................................................................................................................85
11.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 85
11.2 NIBP Measuring ...................................................................................................................... 85
11.2.1 NIBP Measuring .............................................................................................................. 85
11.2.2 NIBP monitoring screen .................................................................................................. 89
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11.3 NIBP SETUP menu ................................................................................................................. 89
Chapter 12 Appendix I .................................................................................................................................. 93
12.1 ECG ......................................................................................................................................... 93
12.2 RESPARATION....................................................................................................................... 94
12.3 NIBP ........................................................................................................................................ 94
12.4 SpO2 ........................................................................................................................................ 95
12.5 TEMPERATURE..................................................................................................................... 95
12.6 IBP(Optional) .......................................................................................................................... 95
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Statement
Ecomed (Hongkong) Industry Co., Limited (hereinafter as Ecomed ) owns all rights to this unpublished
work and intends to maintain this work as confidential. Ecomed may also seek to maintain this work as
an unpublished copyright. This publication is to be used solely for the purposes of reference, operation,
maintenance, or repair of equipment. No part of this can be disseminated for other purposes.
In the event of inadvertent or deliberate publication, Ecomed intends to enforce its rights to this work
under copyright laws as a published work. Those having access to this work may not copy, use, or
disclose the information in this work unless expressly authorized by Ecomed to do so.
All information contained in this publication is believed to be correct. Ecomed shall not be liable for
errors contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing,
performance, or use of this material. This publication may refer to information and protected by
copyrights or patents and does not convey any license under the patent rights of , nor the rights of others.
does not assume any liability arising out of any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties.
Content of this manual is subject to changes without prior notice.
PROPERTY OF
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Responsibility on the manufacturer party
Ecomed is responsible for safety, reliability and performance of this equipment only in the condition
that:
• all installation, expansion, change, modification and repair of this equipment are conducted by
qualified personnel; and,
• applied electrical appliance is in compliance with relevant National Standards; and,
• the monitor is operated under strict observance of this manual.
NOTE
This equipment is not intended for family usage.
Warning
This monitor is not a device for treatment purpose.
It is important for the hospital or organization that employs this equipment to carry out a reasonable
maintenance schedule. Neglect of this may result in machine breakdown or injury of human health.
Upon request, Ecomed may provide, with compensation, necessary circuit diagrams, calibration
illustration list and other information to help qualified technician to maintain and repair some parts,
which Ecomed may define as user serviceable.
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Warranty
Workmanship & Materials topplor
Ecomed guarantees new equipment other than accessories to be free from defects in workmanship and
materials for a period of one year (six months for multi-site probes and SpO2 sensor) from date of
shipment under normal use and service. Ecomed 's obligation under this warranty is limited to repairing,
at Ecomed’s option, any part which upon 's examination proves defective.
THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,

EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT ABILITY OR FITNESS
FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Exemptions
Its obligation or liability under this warranty does not include any transportation or other charges or
liability for direct, indirect or consequential damages or delay resulting from the improper use or
application of the product or the substitution upon it of parts or accessories not approved by Ecomed or
repaired by anyone other than a Ecomed authorized representative.
This warranty shall not extend to any instrument which has been subjected to misuse, negligence or
accident; any instrument from which 's original serial number tag or product identification markings
have been altered or removed, or any product of any other manufacturer.
Safety, Reliability and Performance
Ecomed is not responsible for the effects on safety, reliability and performance of the EPM-50 Portable
Patient Monitor if:
■ assembly operations, extensions, re-adjusts, modifications or repairs are carried out by persons
other than those authorized by Ecomed .
■ the EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor is not used in accordance with the instructions for use, or the
electrical installation of the relevant room does not comply with NFPA 70: National Electric Code
or NFPA 99: Standard for Health Care Facilities (Outside the United States, the relevant room must
comply with all electrical installation regulations mandated by the local and regional bodies of
government).
Return Policy
Return Procedure
In the event that it becomes necessary to return a unit to Ecomed , the following procedure should be
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followed:
1. Obtain return authorization. Contact the Service Department and obtain a Customer Service
Authorization () number. The number must appear on the outside of the shipping container.
Return shipments will not be accepted if the number is not clearly visible. Please provide the
model number, serial number, and a brief description of the reason for return.
2. Freight policy. The customer is responsible for freight charges when equipment is shipped to for
service (this includes customs charges).
Company Contact
Preface
This manual gives detailed description to EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor concerning its
performance, operation, and other safety information. Reading through this manual is the first step for
the user to get familiar with the equipment and make the best out of it.
Following symbols indicates some important facts that you have to pay special attention to:
Warning Points to be noted to avoid injury to the patient and the operator.
Caution Points to be noted to avoid damage to the equipment.
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Chapter 1 Introduction
For an overall introduction to the monitor, please refer to General Information.

For various messages displayed on the screen, please refer to Screen Display.
For basic operating instructions, please refer to Button Function.
For allocation of interface sockets, please refer to Interfaces.
For important facts to be noted during the battery recharging procedure, please refer to Built-in
Battery.
Warning
EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor is intended for clinical monitoring application with operation
only granted to appropriate MEDICAL INSTRUMENT staff.
Warning
There could be hazard of electrical shock by opening the monitor casing. All servicing and future
upgrading to this equipment must be carried out by personnel trained and authorized by Ecomed.
Warning
Possible explosion hazard if used in the presence of flammable anesthetics.
Warning
The user must check that equipment and accessories function safely and see that it is in proper
working condition before being used.
Warning
Alarm must be set up according to different situation of individual patient. Make sure that audio
sounds can be activated when alarm occurs.
Warning
Do not use cellular phone in the vicinity of this equipment. High level of electromagnetic radiation
emitted from such devices may result in strong interference with the monitor performance.
Warning
Do not touch the patient, table nearby, or the equipment during defibrillation.
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Warning
The equipment and devices connected to it should form an equipotential body to ensure effective
grounding.
Warning
When the monitor is used with Electrosurgery equipment, the operator (surgeon and nurse)
must give top priority to the patient safety.
1.1 General Information
Environment:
Temperature
Working 0 ~ 40 (°C)
Transport and Storage -20 ~ 60 (°C)
Humidity
Working <= 85 %
Transport and Storage <= 93 %
Altitude
Working -500 to 4,600m(-1,600 to 15,000ft)
Transport and Storage -500 to 13,100m(-1,600 to 43,000ft)
Power Supply
100~250 (V)AC, 50/60 (Hz)
Pmax=110VA
FUSE T 1.6A
General instruction:
EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor (Figure 1-1) is adaptable to adult, pediatric and neonatal usage. It can
monitor vital signals as ECG, Respiratory Rate, SpO2, NIBP, TEMP and IBP. It integrates parameter
measuring modules, display and recorder in one device, featuring in compactness, lightweight and
portability. Replaceable built-in battery facilitates transportation of patient. Large high-resolution
display provides clear view of 5 waveforms and full monitoring parameters.
The POWER switch is on the left quarter of the front panel (in Figure 1-1). The POWER indicator(in
Figure 1-1) and the BATT indicator ( in Figure 1-1) lights when the device is powered on. The
ALARM indicator flashes or lights when alarm occurs ( in Figure 1-1).The sockets of the sensors are
at the right side. The recorder socket is at the left side. Other sockets and power plug-in are at the
back.
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Figure 1-1 EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor
EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor performs monitoring of:

ECG Heart Rate (HR)
2-channel ECG waveforms
S-T segment analysis
Arrhythmia （optional）
RESP Respiratory Rate (RR)
Respiration Waveform
SpO2 Oxygen Saturation (SpO2), Pulse Rate (PR)
SpO2 Plethysmogram
NIBP Systolic Pressure (NS), Diastolic Pressure (ND), Mean Pressure (NM)
TEMP Temperature DATA
Ecomed provides extensive functions as visual & audible alarm, storage and report printout for trend
data, NIBP measurements, and alarm events, and drug dose calculation function is provided either.
EPM-50 is a user-friendly device with operations conducted by a few buttons on the front panel (Figure
1-1) and a rotary knob (Figure 1-1). Refer to Button Functions for details.
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1.2 Screen Display
The display of EPM-50 may be color or monochrome liquid crystal display. The patient parameters,
waveforms, alarm messages, bed number, date, system status and error messages can be reflected from
the screen.
The screen is divided into three areas(See Figure 1-2):
message area;
waveform area;
parameter area.
Figure 1-2 Main Display
Message Area
The Message Area is at top of the screen displaying operating state of the monitor and status of the
patient.
The messages and their meanings are:

BED NO Bed number of the monitored patient
ADU Type of patient
“2006-5-13” Current date
"13:51:32" Current time
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The above messages appear on the screen throughout the monitoring process.
Other information of the Message Area comes up only with respective monitoring status. They are:
Signs indicating the operating status of the monitor and the sensors are displayed at the right side
of time numeric. When appears, this message will cover the sex and name information of the
patient.
“ ” Indicates that all sounds are disabled manually. It appears z SILENCE button is
pressed for more than 1 seconds.

“ ” flag for alarm SILENCE. Press “SILENCE” button once (more than 1 second) to manually
mute the alarm sound and this flag appears at the same time. The SILENCE status terminates when you
discharge the status or new alarm occurs.
“ ” Is the mark indicating that the alarm volume is closed. When select the “OFF” item in the
ALARM SETUP menu, this mark appears indicating that the operator has permanently closed the
audio alarm function. This audio alarm function can resume only after the operator discharges the
closing alarm volume setup.
NOTE
When “ ” mark appears, the system can not give the audio alarm prompt. Therefore, the
operator should be considerate in using this function. One method of discharging this status is in
the ALARM SETUP menu, select the item that the alarm volume is in Non-close. Another method
is to press the SILENCE button so as to make the mark change into a“ ”. Then press
SILENCE button again, the system will immediately restores the normal alarm status.
Alarm message is displayed at the right most area.

“FREEZE” appears when the waveforms are frozen.
Waveform/Menu Area
Four waveforms can be displayed at the same time. The waveforms from top to bottom are: ECG I,
ECG II, SpO2 Plethysmogram, RESP (possibly coming from ECG module). Waveforms to be displayed
are user-selectable. Refer to Tracing Waveforms Selection for details.
The names of the waveforms are to their left. Gain and filter of this ECG channel are displayed as well.
A 1mv scale is marked on the left of ECG waveform. The same menu always appears at a fixed area on
the screen. When the menu is displayed, some waveforms become invisible. The size of the menu is also
fixed, covering the lowest 2, 3 or 4 waveforms.
The waveforms are refreshed in a user-set rate. Refer to the related chapters for details of sweep speed.
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Parameter Area
Parameters are displayed at a fixed position.
ECG:
⎯ Heart Rate ( Unit: bpm)
⎯ ST-segment analysis of Channel 1 & 2 (Unit: mv)
NIBP
(From left to right) Systolic, Mean, Diastolic (Unit: mmHg or kPa)
SpO2:
⎯ SpO2 (Unit: %)
RESP
⎯ Respiration Rate (Unit: breath/min)
TEMP
⎯ Temperature (Unit:℃ or ℉)
The above monitoring results are displayed in the Parameter Area.

The parameters refresh every second, except that NIBP values refresh each time the measurement is
over.
User can select the monitor parameters, and the screen display will change accordingly.
Alarm indicator:
In normal mode, no indicator lights.
In alarm mode, the alarm indicator lights or flashes.
1.3 Button Function
All the operations to the monitor are through the buttons and a knob at the bottom of the screen. The
names of the buttons are above them. They are (from left to right, Figure 1-3):
Figure 1-3 Buttons and Knob
Change the alarm voulme

z POWER(Figure 1-3)
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POWER ON/OFF switch
z MAIN (Figure 1-3)
Whatever levels of menu the system is in, press the button and the system will always return to the
Menu screen.
z FREEZE(Figure 1-3)
Press this button and the system will access the FREEZE status. In this status the user may review the
waveform of 40 seconds. Also, the frozen waveform can be printed out. In the FREEZE status, press
this button again to discharge the FREEZE status. For detailed information, refer to related chapter:
Freeze.
z SILENCE(ALARM)(Figure 1-3)
symbol appears in the Message Area. Push this button for more than 1 second to mute all kinds of
sounds (including alarm sound, heart beat, pulse tone, key sound). At the same time, a “ ”symbol
appears in the Message Area. Push this button again to restore all kinds of sounds and the“ ”symbol
appears from the screen.

z PAUSE(ALARM)(Figure 1-3)
Push this button to suspend alarm for maximum 3 minutes (with 1 minute, 2 minutes and 3 minutes
selectable). In Alarm PAUSE status, a “ ” symbol appears in the Message Area.
Note
If new alarm occurs in Alarm Pause/Silence status, the system will discharge Pause/Silence status
automatically. For specific rules, see Chapter Alarm.
Note
The system will begin to give alarm information again once there exist alarm-triggering event. Nevertheless,
remember pushing SILENCE button can permanently shut off audible alarm sound of ECG LEAD OFF and
SPO2 SENSOR OFF alarms.
z PRINT(Figure 1-3)
Press to start a real time recording. The recording time is set in REC TIME of RECORD SETUP
submenu. Press during recording to stop the recording. For detailed information, refer to related chapter.
z START(Figure 1-3)
Press to inflate the cuff to start a blood pressure measurement. When measuring, press to cancel the
measurement and deflate the cuff.
z MENU(Figure 1-3)
Press this button to call up the SYSTEM MENU, in which the user may set up system information and
perform review operation. For detailed information, refer to related chapter: System Menu and related
chapter: Trend and Event.
z Rotary knob(Figure 1-3)
The user may use the rotary knob to select the menu item and modify the setup. It can be rotated
clockwise or counter-clockwise and pressed like other buttons. The user may use the knob to realize the
operations on the screen and in the system menu and parameter menu.
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Method to use the knob to operate on the screen:
The rectangular mark on the screen that moves with the rotation of the knob is called “cursor”.
Operation can be performed at any position at which the cursor can stay.
When the cursor is in the waveform area, the user may immediately modify the current setup. When the
cursor is in the parameter area, the user may open the setup menu of the corresponding parameter
module so as to set up the menu items of the module.
Operating method:
■ Move the cursor to the item where the operation is wanted
■ Press the knob
■ One of the following four situations may appear:
1．The cursor with background color may become into the frame without background color,
which implies that the content in the frame can change with the rotation of the knob.
2．Menu or measuring window may appear on the screen, or the original menu is replaced by
the new menu.
3．A check mark “√” appears at the position, indicating that the item is confirmed.
4．The system immediately executes a certain function.
Rotary Knob
The square frame that moves with the knob turning is referred to as "cursor".
When the cursor is placed at any of the first six items, the user can change the current settings. When at
any of the last six items, related parameter menu can be called up for setting changes. Operation is as
follows:
When you move the cursor to a certain item, and press the knob, then:
1. A menu pops up, or the current menu is replaced by a new one; or,
2. The cursor frame turns to dotted line, indicating contents in the frame can be changed by turning
the knob; or,
3. A “√” mark appears indicating "selected"; or,
4. A certain function executes.
1.4 Interfaces
For the convenience of operation, the different kinds of interfaces are in different parts of the monitor.
At the left side is the recorder
At the right side are the connectors to patient cables and the sensors, as shown in Figure 1-4.
① Socket for TEMP probe

② Socket for ECG cable
③ Socket for NIBP Cuff
④ Socket for IBP transducer (Optional)
⑤ Socket for SPO2 Sensor
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Figure 1-4 Right Side
！ This symbol means “BE CAREFUL". Refer to the manual.
Indicates that the instrument is IEC-60601-1 Type CF equipment. The unit displaying this symbol
contains an F-Type isolated (floating) patient applied part providing a high degree of protection against
shock, and is suitable for use during defibrillation.
Other symbols in the monitor are explained in chapter Patient Safety.
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Figure 1-5 Rear Panel
On the rear panel are the following sockets, shown in Figure 1-5
Power Supply: 100~250 (VAC), 50/60 (Hz)
Equipotential Grounding ： Equipotential grounding terminal for connection with the

hospital’s grounding system.
FUSE:250V 1.6A fuse
Warning
Through network interface only Clinical Information Center can be connected in.
Warning
Accessory equipment connected to the analog and digital interfaces must be certified according to
the respective IEC standards (e.g. IEC 60950 for data processing equipment and IEC 60601-1 for
MEDICAL INSTRUMENT equipment). Furthermore all configurations shall comply with the
valid version of the system standard IEC 60601-1-1. Everybody who connects additional
equipment to the signal input part or signal output part configures a MEDICAL INSTRUMENT
system, and is therefore responsible that the system complies with the requirements of the valid
version of the system standard IEC 60601-1-1. If in doubt, consult the technical service
department or your local representative.
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1.5 Built-in Battery
EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor is equipped with a rechargeable battery. The battery in the Monitor
can automatically recharge when connected to AC INPUT until it is full. A symbol “ ” is displayed on
the bottom of the screen to indicate the status of recharging, in which the yellow part represents the
relative electric energy of the battery.
Warning
Don’t pull off battery when the monitor is working.
When operating on battery, the monitor will prompt alarm and shut off automatically when the energy is
low. When the electric energy is going out, the monitor will sound continuous level 1 alarm beeping and
display “BATTERY TOO LOW” in the Message Area. Connect the monitor to AC power at this
moment can recharge the battery while operating. If keep operating on the battery, the monitor will shut
off automatically (about 5 minutes since alarming) upon exhaustion of the battery.
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Chapter 2 Getting Started
■ Open the package and check

■ Connect the power cables
■ Power on the monitor
■ Connect patient sensors
■ Check the recorder
NOTE
To ensure that the monitor works properly, please read Chapter Patient Safety, and follow the
steps before using the monitor.
2.1 Open the Package and Check
Open the package and take out the monitor and accessories carefully. Keep the package for possible
future transportation or storage. Check the components according to the packing list.
■ Check for any mechanical damage.

■ Check all the cables, modules and accessories.
If there is any problem, contact the distributor immediately.
2.2 Connect the Power Cables
Connection procedure of the AC power line:

Make sure the AC power supply complies with following specification: 100~250 VAC, 50/60 Hz.
Apply the power line provided with the monitor. Plug the power line to INPUT interface of the
monitor. Connect the other end of the power line to a grounded 3-phase power output.
NOTE
Connect the power line to the jack special for hospital usage.
Connect to the ground line if necessary. Refer to Chapter Patient Safety for details.
NOTE
Make sure that the POWER lamp now lights. If it does not light, check your local power
supply. If the problem still exists, contact the local Customer Service Center.
NOTE
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The battery need to be charged after transportation or storage. If the power supply is not
properly connected before turning on the monitor, it may not work properly because of
insufficient power. Connect the power supply to charge the battery.
2.3 Power on the Monitor
Press POWER to power on the monitor. Then a beep will be heard and at the same time the indicator
will flash twice in yellow and red. After 10 seconds or so, the system will enter monitoring screen after
self-test, and you can perform normal monitoring now.
During self-test, the software version will display.
NOTE
If the monitor finds any fatal error during self-test, it will alarm.
NOTE
Check all the functions that may be used to monitor and make sure that the monitor is in
good status.
NOTE
The battery must be recharged to the full electricity after each use to ensure adequate
electricity reserve.
Warning
If any sign of damage is detected, or the monitor displays some error messages, do not use it on
any patient. Contact bioMEDICAL INSTRUMENT engineer in the hospital or Customer
Service Center immediately.
NOTE
The interval between twice press of POWER should be more than 1 minute.
2.4 Connect Patient Sensors
Connect all the necessary patient sensors between the monitor and the patient.
2.5 Check the Recorder
If your monitor is equipped with a recorder, open the recorder door to check if paper is properly
installed in the output slot. If no paper present, refer to Chapter Recording for details.
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Chapter 3 System Menu
■ New patient enrolment

■ Recording
■ Trend and Alarm Review
■ MONITOR SETUP
■ Drug Calculation
■ Maintenance
EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor features flexible configurations. You can configure various
aspects of the monitor, including the parameters to be monitored, sweeping speed of the waveforms,
audio signal volume, and printout text.
Press the “MENU” hot key on the lower right part of the screen to call up “SYSTEM MENU”. The
configuration is realized through operations on the SYSTEM MENU, as shown below.
Figure 3-1 SYSTEM MENU
3.1 Patient Information Setup
NOTE
To erase present patient data, refer to the section of New Patient Enrolment for details.
Pick "PATIENT MANAGE" in SYSTEM MENU to call up the following menu.
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Figure 3-2 PATIENT SETUP
You can setup the following patient record:
DEPARTMENT Department in which the patient receives treatment.
D NO Patient bed number (Range: 1-200)
PACE Pace ON or OFF

SEX Patient gender (Available options: "F" for Female, "M" for Male)
PAT TYPE Patient type (Available options: ADU, PED, and NEO)
NEW PATIENT Admission of new patient
Also in this menu, the user may select “NEW PATIENT” item to access “CONFIRM TO UPDATE
PATIENT” dialog box as shown below, in which the user decide whether to monitor a new patient.
Figure 3-3 NEW PATIENT Menu
Pick YES to erase stored record of the previous patient and exit the menu.
Pick NO to refuse the new patient and keep the previous information and exit the menu.
Note
Selecting “YES” will delete all information about the currently monitored patient.
Please don't change the selected bed number before update the patient, or it may cause system
halted or other unnecessary trouble. In case of this problem, please restart the system to return to
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normal.
3.2 Default Setup
Note
Select any item in this sub-menu to cancel the current setup and use the selected default setup.
In this sub-menu, the user can select both the factory default and the user-defined default. Also in this
sub-menu, the user can save the current system configuration as a user-defined default configuration.
But at this time, the old user-defined configuration will be replaced by the current one.
To restore all settings of parameter menu and the ECG lead, gain, and filter to default settings, select the
desired default, and pick EXIT to call up the following menu:
Figure 3-4 CONFIRM SAVE DEFAULT CONFIG
Pick YES to erase stored record of the previous patient and exit the menu.
Pick NO to refuse the new patient and keep the previous information and exit the menu.
NOTE
After selecting “EXIT” item, the “CONFIRM SAVE DEFAULT CONFIG” dialog box will pop up,
in which the user may choose YES to confirm the selection or NO to give up the selection.
3.3 Trend Function
Pick RECALL in the SYSTEM MENU, as shown in the figure below.
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Figure 3-5 RECALL
NIBP Recall
The monitor can review the latest 400 NIBP measurement data.
Pick NIBP RECALL in the SYSTEM MENU to invoke the result and time of the latest 10
measurements, as shown in the figure below.
Figure 3-6 NIBP RECALL
Data is listed chronologically from the latest to the earliest. 10 measurements can be displayed in one
screen. Pick UP-DOWN to view other trend curve up to 400 results. Pick REC to print out all
measurement data of NIBP RECALL.
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3.4 Monitor Information
Select the [VERSION] item in the “SYSTEM MENU” to know the software version of the monitor.
Figure 3-7 Version
Select the [DEVICE CONFIG LIST] to know the configuration of the monitor.
Figure 3-8 Monitor Info
3.5 Monitor Set
Select the [MONITOR SETUP] item in the “SYSTEM MENU” to know Below
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Figure 3-9 Monitor Setup
3.5.1 Alarm Limit
The system can display the alarm limit. The method is:
Select “SELECTION” item in “SYSTEM MENU” to access “SELECTION” sub-menu, in which the
user may set up the alarm limit. Set “ALM LIMIT” to ON to display the alarm limits of the parameters
displayed on the screen or OFF to hide the alarm limits.
3.5.2 Length of Alarm Records
The system may record the information prior to and after the occurring of alarm if physiological
alarm occurs. Three recording time is provided: 8s, 16s and 32s, which are the total length of the
time prior to and after the alarm. For example, 8s contains the respective information of 4s before
and after the alarm. 16s contains the respective information of 8s before and after the alarm, etc.
The user may select different recording time based on clinical requirement. The method is listed
below;
Select “ALARM SETUP” in “MONITOR SETUP” to access the sub-menu of “ALARM SETUP”.
In the “ALARM REC TIME” item, the user may choose the length of alarm record. There are three
options for user to select: 8s, 16s or 32s.
3.5.3 Time Setup
Select “TIME SETUP” item in “MONITOR SETUP” menu to access the sub-menu of “TIME
SETUP” as shown below. System time is in format of year, month, day, hour, minute and second. Pick
the item you wish to modify and turn the knob, the figure will increase or decrease by 1 at each switch.
Then select “EXIT” item to return to the previous menu.
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Figure 3-10 TIME SETUP
3.5.4 Mark Event
There are four types of events that you can define.

Select “MARK EVENT” item in “MONITOR SETUP” to call up the following menu:
Figure 3-11 MARK EVENT Menu
To mark the event: Use the rotary knob to select one from event A, B, C and D. There is a “@” signal
for the one selected. To cancel your selection, repress the knob at selected item. Press EXIT to return to
the previous menu.
You can use event function:

To differentiate the patient events that have impact on parameter monitoring, such as dose taking,
injection, therapy status, etc.
3.5.5 Recorder Setup
Select "RECORD" in “MONITOR SETUP” menu to call up the following menu:
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Figure 3-5 RECORD Menu
In the sub-menu, the user may select the waveforms to be output in “REC WAVE1” and “REC
WAVE2” items.
ECG1- The first to the seventh ECG waveform on the screen (there are seven ECG
ECG7 waveforms in full leads display) (If no ECG waveform is currently displayed on
the screen, this item cannot be picked).
SPO2 SpO2 Plethysmogram.
IBP The IBP waveform on the screen (If no IBP waveform is currently displayed
on the screen, this item cannot be picked).
RESP RESP waveform (If no RESP waveform is currently displayed on the screen,
this item cannot be picked,).
OFF No display for this waveform.
z RT REC TIME represents “real-time recording time”, for which two selections are available:
CONTINUAL and 8S. “CONTINUAL” means once pressing the ‘REC/STOP’ button on the
recorder or on the panel, the recorder will continuously print out the waveform or parameter until
this button on the recorder is pressed again.
z TIMING REC TIME represents “time interval between two times of timing recording”. 10
selections are available: “OFF, 10MIN, 20MIN, 30MIN, 40MIN, 50MIN, 1HOUR, 2HOURS,
3HOURS and 4HOURS”. It means that the system will trigger the recording operation according to
the selected time interval. The recording time is fixed at 8 seconds.
NOTE
RT REC TIME has the priority compared with TIMING REC TIME.
z REC RATE has two selections: 25.0 and 50.0 mm/s.

z REC GRID is used to decide output format: OFF is without grid, and ON is with grid.
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z CLEAR REC TASK can be used by the user to stop recorder from printing out too many tasks that
are triggered by alarm events.
NOTE
The recorder is an optional part.
NOTE
If two same waveforms are selected, one of them is switched to a different waveform
automatically.
3.6 Maintenance
Select “MAINTAIN” item in “SYSTEM MENU” access “ENTER MAINTAIN PASSWORD” dialog
box as shown below, in which the user may enter password and set up the user-defined maintenance
settings. The user may not execute the factory maintenance function, which is only available for
appointed personnel of the Company. The user may select “STATUS” to access “STATUS” sub-menu,
in which the user may view the information of the monitor start up and errors detected.
Figure 3-6 ENTER MAINTAIN PASSWORD
In “STATUS” sub-menu, the user may use rotary knob to select “UP-DOWN” item and then turn the
knob clockwise or counter-clockwise to view the monitor information such as start up time, alarm and
the like. The user may select the “REC” item by using knob to print out the currently displayed
information via the recorder.
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Figure 3-7 STATUS
For user default, enter the user key and press the “CONFIRM” key to access “USER MAINTAIN”
menu. Following is the detailed description on the settings able to be realized in this menu.
Figure 3-8 USER MAINTAIN
z LANUGAGE: two selections are available:CHINESE and ENGLISH.

z LEAD: refers to the net No.
z COLOR SELF-DEFINE: is used by the user to define the color of the waveform displayed on the
screen. Five colors can be chosen from green, cyan, red, yellow and white.
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Figure 3-9 COLOR SELF-DEFINE
3.7 DEMO function
Select the [DEMO] item in the “SYSTEM MENU” to call up the “ENTER DEMO PASSWORD”. After
entering the password, the system enters DEMO status.
The purpose of waveform demonstration is only to demonstrate the machine performance, and for
training purpose. In clinical application, this function is not forbidden because the DEMO will mislead
the MEDICAL INSTRUMENT staff to treat the DEMO waveform and parameter as the actual data of
the patient, which may result in the delay of treatment or mistreatment. Therefore before entering this
menu, you shall enter password.
Figure 3-21 Input Demo Key
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Chapter 4 Patient Safety
The EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor is designed to comply with the International National Safety
requirements for MEDICAL INSTRUMENT electrical equipment. This device has floating inputs and is
protected against the effects of defibrillation and electrosurgery. If the correct electrodes are used and
applied in accordance with the manufacturer instructions, the screen display will recover within 10
seconds after defibrillation.
This symbol indicates that the instrument is IEC60601-1 Type CF equipment. The unit displaying this
symbol contains an F-Type isolated (floating) patient applied part providing a high degree of protection
against shock, and is suitable for use during defibrillation.
Warning
Do not touch the patient, bed or instrument during defibrillation.
Environment
Follow the instructions below to ensure a completely safe electrical installation. The
environment where the EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor will be used should be reasonably
free from vibration, dust, corrosive or explosive gases, extremes of temperature, humidity,
and so on. For a cabinet mounted installation, allow sufficient room at the front for operation
and sufficient room at the rear for servicing with the cabinet access door open.
The EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor operates within specifications at ambient temperatures between 0
℃ and 40℃. Ambient temperatures that exceed these limits could affect the accuracy of the instrument
and cause damage to the modules and circuits. Allow at least 2 inches (5cm) clearance around the
instrument for proper air circulation.
Grounding the EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor
To protect the patient and hospital personnel, the cabinet of the EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor must
be grounded. Accordingly, the EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor is equipped with a detachable 3-wire
cable which grounds the instrument to the power line ground (protective earth) when plugged into an
appropriate 3-wire receptacle. If a 3-wire receptacle is not available, consult the hospital electrician. If
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completeness of the protective grounding wire is in doubt, the equipment must be operated with internal
power supply.
Warning
Do not use a 3-wire to 2-wire adapter with this instrument.
Connect the grounding wire to the equipotential grounding terminal on the main system. If it is not
evident from the instrument specifications whether a particular instrument combination is hazardous or
not, for example due to summation of leakage currents, the user should consult the manufacturers
concerned or else an expert in the field, to ensure that the necessary safety of all instruments concerned
will not be impaired by the proposed combination.
Equipotential Grounding
Protection class 1 instruments are already included in the protective grounding (protective earth) system
of the room by way of grounding contacts in the power plug. For internal examinations on the heart or
the brain, the EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor must have a separate connection to the equipotential
grounding system. One end of the equipotential grounding cable (potential equalization conductor) is
connected to the equipotential grounding terminal on the instrument rear panel and the other end to one
point of the equipotential grounding system. The equipotential grounding system assumes the safety
function of the protective grounding conductor if ever there is a break in the protective grounding
system. Examinations in or on the heart (or brain) should only be carried out in MEDICAL
INSTRUMENTly used rooms incorporating an equipotential grounding system. Check each time before
use that the instrument is in perfect working order. The cable connecting the patient to the instrument
must be free of electrolyte.
Warning
If the protective grounding (protective earth) system is doubtful, the monitor must be supplied by
inner power only.
Condensation
Make sure that during operation, the instrument is free of condensation. Condensation can form when
equipment is moved from one building to another, thus being exposed to moisture and differences in
temperature.
Warning
Possible explosion hazard if used in the presence of flammable anesthetics.
Explanation of Symbols in the Monitor
This symbol means 'BE CAREFUL '. Refer to the manual.

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This symbol indicates that the instrument is IEC60601-1 Type CF equipment. The unit displaying this
symbol contains an F-Type isolated (floating) patient applied part providing a high degree of protection
against shock, and is suitable for use during defibrillation.
Equipotential grounding system
Protective earth ground
Partial On/Off
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Chapter 5Care / Cleaning
5.1 System Check
Before using the monitor, do the following:
■ check if there is any mechanical damage;

■ check all the outer cables, inserted modules and accessories;
■ check all the functions of the monitor to make sure that the monitor is in good condition.
If you find any damage on the monitor, stop using the monitor on patient, and contact the bioMEDICAL
INSTRUMENT engineer of the hospital or our Customer Service immediately.
The overall check of the monitor, including the safety check, should be performed only by qualified
personnel once every 6 to 12 month, and each time after fix up.
You should check the synchronism of the defibrillator in the frequency described in the hospital
regulations. At least every 3 months, it should be checked by a qualified customer service technician.
All the checks that need to open the monitor should be performed by qualified customer service
technician. The safety and maintenance check can be conducted by persons from our company. You can
obtain the material about the customer service contract from the local office.
The circuits diagrams, parts lists and calibration instructions of the monitor can be provided by the
manufacturer.
Warning
If the hospital or agency that is responding to using the monitor does not follow a
satisfactory maintenance schedule, the monitor may become invalid, and the human health
may be endangered.
Note
To ensure maximum battery life, it is recommended that, at least once a month, the monitor be
run on battery until it turns itself off and then recharged.
Warning
Refer the battery replacement only to our service technician.
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5.2 General Cleaning
Warning
Before cleaning the monitor or the sensor, make sure that the equipment is switched off and
disconnected from the power line.
The Monitor must be kept dust-free.
Regular cleaning of the monitor shell and the screen is strongly recommended. Use only non-caustic
detergents such as soap and water to clean the monitor shell.
Note
Please pay special attention to the following items:

1. Avoid using ammonia-based or acetone-based cleaners such as acetone.
2. Most cleaning agents must be diluted before use. Follow the manufacturer's
directions carefully to avoid damaging the monitor.
3. Don't use the grinding material, such as steel wool etc.
4. Don't let the cleaning agent enter into the chassis of the system.
5. Don't leave the cleaning agents at any part of the equipment.
5.3 Cleaning Agents
Examples of disinfectants that can be used on the instrument casing are listed below:
■ Diluted Ammonia Water

■ Diluted Sodium Hyoichlo (Bleaching agent).
Note
The diluted sodium hyoichlo from 500ppm(1:100 diluted bleaching agent) to 5000ppm (1:10
bleaching agents) is very effective. The concentration of the diluted sodium hyocihlo
depends on how many organisms (blood, mucus) on the surface of the chassis to be
cleaned.
■ Diluted Formaldehyde 35% -- 37%

■ Hydrogen Peroxide 3%
■ Alcohol
■ Isopropanol
Note
the monitor and sensor surface can be cleaned with hospital-grade ethanol and dried in air
or with crisp and clean cloth.
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Note
our company has no responsibility for the effectiveness of controlling infectious disease
using these chemical agents. Please contact infectious disease experts in your hospital for
details.
5.4 Sterilization
To avoid extended damage to the equipment, sterilization is only recommended when stipulated as
necessary in the Hospital Maintenance Schedule. Sterilization facilities should be cleaned first.
Recommended sterilization material: Ethylate, and Acetaldehyde.
Appropriate sterilization materials for ECG lead, blood pressure cuff are introduced in Chapters
ECG/RESP Monitoring, Chapter NIBP Monitoring respectively.
Caution
Follow the manufacturer’s instruction to dilute the solution, or adopt the lowest possible
density.
Do not let liquid enter the monitor.
No part of this monitor can be subjected to immersion in liquid.
Do not pour liquid onto the monitor during sterilization.
Use a moistened cloth to wipe up any agent remained on the monitor.
5.5 Disinfection
To avoid extended damage to the equipment, disinfection is only recommended when stipulated as
necessary in the Hospital Maintenance Schedule. Disinfection facilities should be cleaned first.
Appropriate disinfection materials for ECG lead, SpO2 sensor, blood pressure cuff, TEMP probe, IBP
sensor and CO cable are introduced in Chapters 12-18 respectively.
Caution
Do not use EtO gas or formaldehyde to disinfect the monitor.
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Chapter 6Alarm
This chapter gives general information about the alarm and corresponding remedies.
Alarm setup and prompt messages are provided in respective parameter setup sections.
6.1 Alarm Modes
6.1.1 Alarm Level
Each alarm, either technical or physiological, has its own level. For alarm of higher level, when it
occurs, the system will give prompt in a more alert way. Some alarm’s level can be set by the user via
software. Others can not by changed once defined by the system. Alarms in EPM-50 are divided into
three levels, that is, high, medium and low.
High-level alarm indicates the patient’s life is in danger or the monitor under using has serious problem
in technical respect. It is the most serious alarm.
Medium-level alarm means serious warning.
Low-level alarm is a general warning.
Alarms are classified into three categories, which are physiological alarm, technical alarm and general
alarm. Physiological alarm refer to those alarms triggered by patient’s physiological situation which
could be considered dangerous to his or her life, such as heart rate (HR) exceeding alarm limit
(parameter alarms). Technical alarm refer to system failure which can make certain monitoring process
technically impossible or make monitoring result unbelievable. Technical alarm is also called System
Error Message. General alarm belongs to those situations that can not be categorized into these two
cases but still need to pay some attention, which has preset the alarm level for the parameters. You can
also modify the alarm level using the method described in this chapter.
Alarm level of the System Error Message (technical alarm) is pre-set in the system.
All technical alarm level and general alarm level, some of the physiological alarm level are pre-set in
the system and can not be changed by user.
6.1.2 Alarm Modes
When alarm occurs, EPM-50 may raise the user’s attention in at least three ways, which are audio
prompt, visual prompt and description. Audio and visual prompt is given by TFT display device, the
speaker on the display device and the alarm indicator. Description is displayed on the screen.
Physiological alarm is displayed in the Physiological Alarm area. Most of technical alarms are
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displayed in the Technical Alarm area. Technical alarms related to NIBP measurement are displayed
in the NIBP Technical Alarm area at the bottom of NIBP parameter area.
NOTE
The Physiological Alarm area is on the upper right part of the screen. The Technical Alarm
area is to the left side of the Physiological Alarm area.
NOTE
If EPM-50 is connected to the external alarm prompt system (e.g. the alarm speaker and
indicator connected onto the rear panel of ), when alarm occurs, the external alarm prompt
system responds in the same way as the .
NOTE
The concrete presentation of each alarm prompt is related to the alarm level.
Alarm prompt of the parameter exceeding the alarm limit.
When physiological alarm of the monitored parameter exceeds the alarm limit, besides using the
above-mentioned three ways to give the alarm prompt, the monitor also gives alarm by making the
monitored parameter flash in the frequency of 1Hz. If at this time the upper and lower limits of the
parameter are displayed, they will flash in the same frequency (1Hz).
Screen Display
When an alarm occurs, the parameter triggering the alarm flashes. “*” signal appears on the screen
indicating the occurrence of alarm. Red “***” indicates high-level alarm, yellow “**” indicates
medium-level alarm, and yellow “*” indicates low-level alarm. Technical alarm will not prompts “*”
signal.
Lamp light
The high/medium/low-level alarms are indicated by the system in following different visual ways:
Alarm level Visual prompt
High Alarm indicator flashes in red with high frequency.
Medium Alarm indicator flashes in yellow with low frequency.
Low Alarm indicator lights on in yellow.
Alarm Sound
The high/medium/low-level alarms are indicated by the system in following different audio ways:
Alarm level Audio prompt

High Mode is “DO-DO-DO------DO-DO, DO-DO-DO------DO-DO”, which is
triggered once every 8 seconds.
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Medium Mode is “DO-DO-DO”, which is triggered once every 24 seconds.
Low Mode is “DO-”, which is triggered once every 24 seconds.
NOTE
When alarms of different levels occur at the same time, the monitor prompts the one of the highest level.
6.1.3 Alarm Setup
The setup of the alarms can be realized in the alarm menu.

Press the “ALARM SETUP” button on the MONITOR SETUP menu to call up “ALARM SETUP”
menu (default menu) as shown below. In the “ALM SEL” item, the user may set up the information
about common alarm setup (represented by “COMMON ALM SETUP”) and the alarm setup of each
parameter.
Figure 6-1 ALARM SETUP
COMMON ALM SETUP

Select “COMMON ALM SETUP” selection in “ALM SEL” item. This operation may call up the dialog
box as the default one.
z ALARM VOL: which has three selections: OFF, LOW, MED and HIGH.
z ALM REC TIME: which has three selections: 8S, 16S, 32S.
z ALM PAUSE TIME: refers to the alarm suspension time span, which has three selections: 1MIN,
2MIN, 3MIN.
z PARA ALM TYPE: which has two selections: LATCH, UNLATCH. LATCH refers to the situation
once alarm occurs, the system will alarm always until the intervention of the operator (press
PAUSE or SILENCE on the panel). UNLATCH refers to the situation that once the alarm condition
is discharged, the alarm will disappear automatically.
Alarm setup of each parameter
In “ALARM SETUP” menu select “ALM SEL” item to set up the alarm information of following
parameters. They are HR, ST, PVC, SPO2, NIBP, IBP, RESP, TEMP. For example:
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z Method to set up alarm information of HR:
Step 1: Select “HR ALM SETUP” in “ALM SEL” item to call up the dialog box “ALARM SETUP” for
HR only.
Step 2: Five items are available for the user to set up, which are HR ALM (on/off of the alarm switch),
ALM LEV(alarm level), ALM REC(alarm recording switch), ALM HI (higher limit of HR alarm), ALM
LO (lower limit of HR alarm). When use the knob to select each item and press the knob, a pull-down
list appears for the user to choose his desired selection.
The method for setting the alarm information of other parameters is the same as HR.
6.2 Alarm Cause
Alarm occurs when:

1.Physiological alarm is evoked;
2. Alarm for error of the system (technical alarm) is evoked;
3. General alert occurs.
A. Conditions that activate the parameter alarms:
When the measurement value exceeds the alarm limit and the alarm is set “ON”. Alarm will not activate
if the alarm is set “OFF”.
B. Conditions that activate the system alarms (technical alarm):
Upon the system error, the monitor prompts alarm immediately and proceeds corresponding remedy,
stops all monitoring and eliminates the final results in order to avoid faulted treatment. If more than one
error occur, they will be displayed by turns.
C. General alert
In some circumstances, alerts will behave as physiological alarm but in normal sense, we don’t regard
them as real patient health related items.
6.3 SILENCE and PAUSE
SILENCE
Press the SILENCE button on the panel for more than 1 seconds can shut off all sounds until the
SILENCE button is pressed again. When the system is in SILENCE status, any newly generated alarm
will discharge the SILENCE status and make the system give normal status giving audio and visual
alarm.
PAUSE
Press the SILENCE button on the panel once to close all audio and visual prompt and description
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about all the physiological alarms and to make the system enter ALARM PAUSE status. The rest
seconds for alarm pause is displayed in the Physiological Alarm area. And the symbol is
displayed in the System Prompt area.

The user may set up the time for Alarm Pause in the ALARM SETUP menu. Three selections are
available: 1min, 2min and 3min.
When in the PAUSE status, press the SILENCE button to restore the normal alarm status. Besides,
during PAUSE status, newly occurring technical alarm will discharge the PAUSE status and the system
will access the normal alarm status. The symbol disappears, too.
NOTE
Whether an alarm will be reset depends on the status of the alarm cause. But by pressing
SILENCE button can permanently shut off audio sound of Lead Off/Sensor Off alarms.
6.4 Parameter Alarm
The setup for parameter alarms is in their menus. In the menu for a specific parameter, you can check
and set the alarm limit, alarm status. The setup is isolated from each other.
When a parameter alarm is off, a symbol displays near the parameter. If the alarms are turned off
individually, they must be turned on individually.
For the parameters whose alarm is set to ON, the alarm will be triggered when at least one of them
exceeds alarm limit. The following actions take place:
1. Alarm message displays on the screen as described in alarm mode;

2. The monitor beeps in its corresponding alarm class and volume;
3. Alarm lamp flashes;
4. Store all parameter values during the alarm and 4,8 or 16 second waveform prior to and after
alarm.
5. If alarm recording is on, the recorder starts alarm recording. For further information on alarm
recording, please refer to Chapter Recording.
6.5 When an Alarm Occurs
NOTE
When an alarm occurs, you should always check the patient's condition first.
The alarm message appears at the top of the screen on the right side. It is needed to identify the alarm
and act appropriately, according to the cause of the alarm.
1. Check the patient's condition.

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2. Identify the cause of the alarm.
3. Silence the alarm, if necessary.
4. When cause of alarm has been over, check that the alarm is working properly.
You will find the alarm messages for the individual parameter in their appropriate parameter chapters of
this manual.
Chapter 7Recording (Optional)
General information on recording

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Instructions for configuring and recording
Recording messages
7.1 General Information on Recording
A thermal dot matrices recorder with 48mm wide printout paper is used for EPM-50 Portable Patient
Monitor.
Performance of the Recorder
Waveform record is printed out at a rate of 25 or 50 mm/s.
It can record up to 2 waveforms.
Output with grid selectable.
English / Chinese printout.
The real time recording time and waveform are user-configurable.
Auto recording interval is set by the user, the waveform is in accordance with the real time
recording.
The alarm recording waveform is automatically selected by the monitor.
7.2 Recording Type
EPM-50 provides several stripe recording types:
Continuous real-time recording

8 second real-time recording
Auto 8 second recording
Alarm recording
Waveform freeze recording
Trend graph/table recording
ARR events review recording
Alarm event recording
NIBP review recording
Monitor information recording
Drug calculation titration recording
OxyCRG recording
Real-time Recording
Real-time recording starts as you press the REC/STOP button on the recorder.
The waveforms for continuous real-time recording and continuous 8 second recording are automatically
set by the monitor (usually the first two waveforms displayed on the screen). You can also configure it
through the menu. Refer to related section for details.
In RECORD menu, the user can choose two waveforms to be printed out. The User can setup one
waveform off. Thus, the real time record will print out one waveform. If two waveforms are off, the real
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time record will print out measure parameters only.
NOTE
If certain recording is in process, and another parameter demands alarm recording, it will
only be executed after the earlier recording is finished.
7.3.1 Auto recording
The monitor starts the recorder for 8 seconds according to interval time set in the “TIMING REC
TIME” of the “RECORDER ” menu.
7.3.2 Alarm Recording
1. Parameter Alarm
The monitor records waveforms 4, 8, or 16 seconds prior to and after the alarm (totally 8, 16 or 32
seconds) (which can be selected in System Menu). All parameter values during the alarm will also be
recorded.
When parameter alarm occurs, two recorded waveforms can be printed out.
In order to avoid repeated printout of alarm waveforms:
If more than two parameter alarms are switched on and triggered simultaneously, the recorder will
print out those of the highest level. If of the same alarm level, the latest alarm will be printed out.
If an alarm occurs during the alarm of another parameter, it will be printed out after the current
recording is finished.
If many alarms occur at the same time, some of waveforms will be stored for printout in turn.
2. ST Segment Alarm
The monitor records 2-channel ECG waveforms 4, 8, or 16 seconds prior to and after the alarm (totally
8, 16, or 32 seconds) (which can be selected in the ECG SETUP menu). All parameter values during the
alarm will also be recorded.
3. Arrhythmia Alarm
The monitor records 2-channel ECG waveforms 4 seconds prior to and after the alarm (totally 8
seconds). All measurement results during the alarm will also be recorded.
7.3.3 Freeze Waveform Recording
The monitor prints out the selected waveforms under the FREEZE mode. In this way you can snap the
abnormal waveforms on the screen and record it.
7.3.4 Trend Graph / Table Recording
The monitor can print out the trend graph and table in the current TREND GRAPH or TREND TABLE
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window.
7.3.5 Arrhythmia Review Recording
The monitor can print out the alarm Arrhythmia event in the current ARR RECALL window.
7.3.6 Alarm Review Recording
The monitor can print out the alarm events include waves and parameters in the current ALARM
RECALL window.
7.3.7 NIBP Review Recording
The monitor can print out all the NIBP review events in NIBP RECALL window.
7.3.8 Monitor Information
The monitor can print out messages in the current STATUS window.
7.3.9 Titration Table
The monitor can print out the messages in the current TITRATION window.
7.3.10 Notes on Recording
Recording texts:
Real time Report
Periodic Report
Para Alarm Report: XXX (name of the alarm parameter)
Arrhythmia Report: XXX (Arrhythmia type)
Freeze Wave Report
Trend Graph
Trend Table
Para Alarm Review
NIBP Test Review
Status Report
Titration Table
Alarm parameters, alarm time and freeze time.
Patient bed number, name, sex, height, weight, date of birth, admission date.
Parameter name and value
Recording time
Waveform name
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Waveform scale (for ECG waveform)
ECG lead, scale, filter mode, (if having ECG waveforms, it will be printed out within the first
second or when changing the lead, gain and filter mode during real-time recording.)
IBP scale (the first second of IBP waveform)
Date and time
Company name
7.3 Recording Startup
You can start the recording in the following ways:
Continuous real-time recording Press REC/STOP to start/stop the recording.
8 second real-time recording Press REC/STOP to start recording. It will automatically stop
in 8 seconds.
Auto recording Record the two waveforms selected in RECORD menu

according to the setup time interval in RECORD menu.
Alarm recording When alarm recording is set ON, it automatically starts when
alarm occurs.
Frozen waveform recording ---After accessing FREEZE menu, use knob to select two
waveforms to be output. Then press REC button in the menu to
print out the waveforms.
If two waveforms are off, the measure parameters in frozen are

printed out only.
Trend graph recording Pick ”REC” button in the “TREND GRAPH” menu when
viewing the trend graph to print out the currently displayed
trend graph.
Trend table recording Pick ”REC” button in the “TREND TABLE” menu when
viewing the trend table to printout the currently displayed
trend table.
Arrhythmia review recording Access ARR RECALL window from ARR ANALYSIS of
ECG SETUP menu and Pick ”WAVE” button to access “ARR
WAVE RECALL” window. Then press “REC” button to output
the Arr. waveform and related information currently displayed
on the screen.
Alarm review recording Access the “ALARM RECALL” window from “ALARM
RECALL CONDITION” menu from “SYSTEM MENU” and
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pick “REC” button to print out the alarm review waveform
and related information currently displayed in the “ALARM
RECALL” window.
NIBP review recording Access the “NIBP RECALL” window from “SYSTEM
MENU” and pick “REC” button to print out the NIBP
information currently displayed in the window.
Monitor information recording Access the “ENTER MAINTAIN PASSWORD” menu from
the “MAINTAIN” menu. Then pick the “STATUS” button to
access the ‘’STATUS” window. Pick “REC” button to print out
the status monitor information currently displayed in the
window.
Titration table recording Access the “DRUG CALC” menu from the “SYSTEM
MENU” menu. Pick the “TITRATION” button in the menu to
access the “TITRATION” window. Pick the “REC” button to
print out the titration currently displayed in the window.
OxyCRG recording In oxyCRG screen, pick the “RED” button to put out the
oxyCRG currently displayed in the window.
NOTE
You can press REC/STOP button on the recorder to stop the current recording process.
Access the “RECORD” menu from the “MONITOR SETUP” menu. Then pick the “CLEAR REC
TASK” button to stop all recording tasks.
7.4 Recorder Operations and Status Messages
Record Paper Requirement
Only standard 50 (+0/-1) mm thermosensitive record paper can be used, otherwise the recorder may not
function, the recording quality may be poor, and the thermosensitive printhead may be damaged.
Function Properly
■ When the recorder is working, the record paper goes out steadily. Do not pull the paper, or the
recorder will be damaged.
■ Do not operate the recorder without record paper.
Paper Out
When "RECORDER OUT OF PAPER" alarm is displayed, the recorder cannot start. Please insert
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record paper properly.
Inserting Paper
■ Open the recorder catch.

■ Pull down the switch on the left axis of the recorder.
■ Insert a new roll of paper into the paper cassette, printing side facing the thermosensitive printhead.
■ When the paper can be seen from the other side, pull it out. Ensure proper position and tidy
margin.
■ Pull back the switch on the left axis of the recorder.
■ Give out the paper from the recorder outlet.
■ Close the recorder catch.
NOTE
Be careful when inserting paper. Avoid damaging the thermosensitive printhead. Unless when
inserting paper or shooting troubles, do not leave the recorder catch open.
Removing Paper Jam
When the recorder functions or sounds improperly, open the recorder catch to check for a paper jam.
Removing the paper jam in the following way:
■ Cut the record paper from the feeding edge.

■ Pull up the switch on the left axis of the recorder.
■ Pull the paper from below.
■ Re-insert the paper.
Chapter 8ECG/RESP Monitoring
8.1 What Is ECG Monitoring
Monitoring the ECG produces a continuous waveform of the patient's cardiac electric activity to
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enable an accurate assessment of his current physiological state. Only proper connection of
the ECG cables can ensure satisfactory measurement. On the Normal Display, EPM-50
provides display of 2-channel ECG waveforms.
■ The patient cable consists of 2 parts(See Chapter Accessories and Ordering Information for
detail information of the ECG accessories);
The cable that connects to the monitor;
The lead set that connects to the patient.
■ Using a 5-lead set, the ECG can derive up to two waveforms from two different leads. For
requested lead, you may choose from the left side of ECG waveform.
■ The monitor displays the Heart Rate (HR), ST segment and Arrhythmia analysis.
■ All of the parameters above can be set as alarm parameters.
NOTE
In the default settings of , the ECG waveforms are the first two waveforms from top in the
Waveform Area.
8.2 Precautions during ECG Monitoring
Warning
Warning
Use only the original ECG cable for monitoring.
Warning
When connecting the cables and electrodes, make sure no conductive part is in contact with
the ground. Verify that all ECG electrodes, including neutral electrodes, are securely
attached to the patient.
NOTE
Interference from a non-grounded instrument near the patient and ESU interference can
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cause inaccuracy of the waveform.
8.3 Monitoring Procedure
8.3.1 Preparation
1. Prepare the patient's skin prior to placing the electrodes.

■ The skin is a poor conductor of electricity, therefore preparation of the patient's skin is
important to facilitate good electrode contact to skin.
■ Shave hair from sites, if necessary.
■ Wash sites thoroughly with soap and water. (Never use ether or pure alcohol, because this
increases skin impedance).
■ Rub the skin briskly to increase capillary blood flow in the tissues and remove skin scurf
and grease.
2. Attach clip or snap to electrodes prior to placement.
3. Put the electrodes on the patient. Before attaching, apply some conductive jelly on the
electrodes if the electrodes are not electrolyte self-supplied.
4. Connect the electrode lead to the patient's cable.
5. Make sure the monitor is ready with power supply.
Warning
Check everyday whether there is skin irritation resulted from the ECG electrodes. If so,
replace electrodes every 24 hours or change their sites.
Note
For protecting environment, the electrodes must be recycled or disposed of properly.
Warning
Verify lead fault detection prior to the start of monitoring phase. Unplug the ECG cable from
the socket, the screen will display the error message “ECG LEAD OFF” and the audible
alarm is activated.
8.3.2 Installing ECG lead
Placing the Electrodes for ECG Monitoring
Electrode placement for 5-lead set (Figure 8-2)

■ Red (R) electrode - Be placed near the right shoulder, directly below the clavicle.
■ Yellow (L) electrode - Be placed near the left shoulder, directly below the clavicle.
■ Black (N) electrode - Be placed on the right hypogastrium.
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■ Green (F) electrode - Be placed on the left hypogastrium.
■ White (C) electrode - Be placed on the chest as illustrated in the F Figure 8-3
Note: the following table gives the corresponding lead names used in Europe and America
respectively. (Lead names are represented by R, L, N, F and C respectively in Europe, whose
corresponding lead names in America are RA, LA, RL, LL and V.)
America Euro
Lead names Color Lead names color
RA White R Red
LA Black L Yellow
LL Red F Green
RL Green N Black
V Brown C White
Lewis L
Yellow
R
Red
C
White
N F
Black Green
Figure 8-2 Electrode placement for 5-lead set
NOTE
To ensure patient safety, all leads must be attached to the patient.
For 5-lead set, attach the C-electrode to one of the indicated positions as below (Figure 8-3):
■ V1 On the 4th intercostal space at the right sterna margin.

■ V2 On the 4th intercostal space at the left sterna margin.
■ V3 Midway between V2 and V4 electrodes.
■ V4 On the 5th intercostal space at the left clavicular line.
■ V5 On the left anterior axillary line, horizontal with V4 electrode.
■ V6 On the left middle axillary line, horizontal with V4 electrode.
■ V3R-V7R On the right side of the chest in positions corresponding to those on the left.
■ VE Over the xiphoid position.
■ V7 On the 5th intercostal space at the left posterior axillary line of back.
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■ V7R On the 5th intercostal space at the right posterior axillary line of back.
Figure 8-3 C-electrode placement for 5-lead set
Recommended ECG Lead Placement for Surgical Patients
Warning
When using Electrosurgery equipment, leads should be placed in a position in equal

distance from Electrosurgery electrotome and the grounding plate to avoid cautery.
Electrosurgery equipment wire and ECG cable must not be tangled up.
The placing of the ECG leads will depend on the type of surgery that is being performed. For
example, with open chest surgery the electrodes may be placed laterally on the chest or on the back.
In the operating room, artifacts can sometimes affect the ECG waveform due to the use of ES
(Electrosurgery) equipment. To help reduce this you can place the electrodes on the right and left
shoulders, the right and left sides near the stomach, and the chest lead on the left side at mid-chest.
Avoid placing the electrodes on the upper arms, otherwise the ECG waveform will be too small.
Warning
When using Electrosurgery equipment, never place an electrode near the grounding plate of
the Electrosurgery device, otherwise there will be a great deal of interference with the ECG
signal.
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■ Using 5-lead ECG set
The default setting is ECG CH1 corresponding to Channel II, and ECG CH2 to Channel I, you
can modify the setting to meet your needs. You can set them to correspond to any two from I, II,
III, AVR, AVL, AVF and V. If you set both to the same value, one of them will be adjusted to
another option automatically. (Figure 8-4)
Figure 8-4 ECG lead
NOTE
If a ECG waveform is not accurate, while the electrodes are tightly attached, try to change the
lead.
NOTE
Interference from a non-grounded instrument near the patient and ESU interference can
cause inaccuracy of the waveform.
Normal QRS complex should be:
Tall and narrow with no notches.

With tall R-wave completely above or below the baseline.
With pacer spike no higher than R-wave height.
With T-wave less than one-third of the R-wave height.
With P-wave much smaller than the T-wave.
For getting 1 mv calibrated ECG wave, pick the ECG CAL button in the ECG SETUP menu. A
message "when CAL, can't monitor! " prompts on the screen.
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Figure 8-5 Standard ECG Waveform
Warning
8.4 ECG Menu
ECG SETUP Menu
Pick the ECG hot key on the screen, and the following menu will popup.
Figure 8-6 ECG SETUP menu
ECG alarm setting

• HR ALM: pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record during the ECG alarm; pick
"OFF" to disable the alarm function, and there will be a beside “ECG”.
• ALM LEV: selectable from HIGH, MED, LOW. Level HIGH represents the most serious case.
• ALM REC: pick "ON" to enable report printing upon ECG alarm.
• ALM HI: used to set up the upper limit of ECG alarm.
• ALM LO: used to set up the lower limit of ECG alarm.
ECG alarm is activated when the heart beat exceeds set ALM HI value or falls below
ALM LO value.
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ECG alarm limits:
Max. ALM HI Min. ALM LO Step

HR ADU 300 15 1
HR PED 350 15 1
HR NEO 350 15 1
NOTE
Please set the alarm limits according to clinical condition of individual patient. The upper
limit shall not exceed 20 beat/min higher than the patient's heart rate.
■ HR FROM
ECG, SpO2, AUTO and BOTH may detect heart rate. AUTO distinguishes heart rate source
according to the quality of signal. By picking ECG, the monitor prompts HR and activates HR
beep. By picking SpO2, the monitor prompts PULSE and activates pulse beep. BOTH mode
displays HR and PR simultaneously, when this item is picked, PR parameter is displayed to the
right side of SpO2. As for the sound of HR or PR in BOTH mode, HR is given the priority, i.e., if
HR is available, whose sound will be sent out, but if HR is not available, then the sound will be
for PR.
■ HR CHANNEL
"CH1" to count the heart rate by CH 1 waveform
"CH2" to count the heart rate by CH 2 waveform
"AUTO" the monitor selects a channel automatically
■ LEAD TYPE
Used to select either 5 LEADS or 3 LEADS.
■ SWEEP
Available options for SWEEP are 12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 mm/s.
■ ST ANALYSIS
Pick this item to access ST ANALYSIS menu, the detailed information about the menu is to be
discussed in the following section.
■ ARR ANALYSIS
Pick this item to access ARR ANALYSIS menu, the detailed information about the menu is to
be discussed in the following section.
■ OTHER SETUP
Pick this item to access ECG SETUP menu as shown below:
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Figure 8-7 ECG SETUP menu
In the sub-menu, following functions are available:

z ECG DISPLAY
Select NORMAL DISPLAY to display 2 ECG waveforms for 5-lead (for 3-lead, only 1 ECG
waveform is displayed.). Select MULTI-LEADS DISPLAY, the waveform area on the screen
displays 7 ECG waveforms, and is occupied 7 waveforms position. Select HALF-SCAN
MUTTI-LEADS, there are 7 ECG waveforms are displayed on the screen，they occupy 4
waveforms position.
Note: If 3 LEADS is selected in the ECG SETUP menu, only NORMAL DISPLAY can be
selected for ECG DISPLAY item in the sub-menu.
z BEAT VOL
Four selections are available: OFF, LOW, MED, HIGH. HIGH indicates maximum volume. OFF
indicates no sound.
z PACE
"ON" detected signal will be marked by a " " above the ECG waveform.
"OFF" for non-pacemaking patient
NOTE
If monitoring a patient with the pacemaker, set “PACE” to ON. If monitoring a patient
without pacemaker, set “PACE” to OFF.
If “PACE” is on, the system will not perform some types of ARR analysis. For detailed
information, please refer to the section: ARR ALARM. In the table, the ARR type marked
by All types applies to the analysis in all situations, marked by Non-paced applies only
to the analysis in the situation when the patient does not use pacemaker.
z ECG CAL
Pick this item to start calibrating ECG. The method to end CAL: re-select the ECG CAL key in
the menu or re-select the lead name on the screen.
z DEFAULT
Pick this item to access the ECG DEFAULT CONFIG dialog box, in which the user may select
whether the FACTORY DEFAULT CONFIG or the USER DEFAULT CONFIG is to be used.
After selecting any of the items and exiting the dialog box, the system will pop up the dialog box
asking for the user’s confirmation.
Warning
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For pacemaker patient, the pacing impulse analysis function must be switched on, otherwise,
the pacing impulse may be counted as normal QRS complex, which results in failure of “ECG
LOST” error detection.
Note: For monitor with ST segment & Arrhythmia analysis software, refer to ST Segment
Monitoring and Arrhythmia Analysis for details.
NOTE
When Pacer Switch is On, the Arrhythmia events related to PVCs will not be monitored. At
the same time, the ST analysis will not be performed either.
8.5 ECG Alarm Information and Prompt
Alarm Message
Alarms occurring in the process of ECG measurement contain two types: physiological alarm and
technical alarm. Prompt message may also appear in the mean time. For the audio and visual
features during the appearance of these alarms and prompt messages in the process of ECG
measurement, please refer to the related description in Chapter Alarm. In the screen, physiological
alarm messages and the prompt messages able to trigger alarms (general alerts) all displayed in the
alarm area of the monitor while technical alarms and prompt messages unable to trigger alarms are
then displayed in the information area of the monitor. This section does not describe the content
about Arr. and ST analysis.
Among physiological alarms, those belonging to the type that the parameter has exceeded the
limits may activate the recorder to automatically output the parameters and related measured
waveforms when the alarms occur on the condition that the alarm record switch in the related
menu is On.
Tables below describe respectively the possible various alarms those may occur during the
measurement.
Physiological alarms:
Message Cause Alarm level

ECG LOST No ECG signal of the patient is detected. HIGH
HR TOO HIGH HR measuring value is above the upper alarm User-selectabl
limit e
HR TOO LOW HR measuring value is below the lower alarm User-selectabl
limit e
Technical alarms:
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Alar
Message Cause Remedy
m level
ECG LEAD OFF
ECG V LEAD
OFF or
ECG C LEAD OFF
ECG LL LEAD Make sure that
OFF or ECG electrodes fall off the
all electrodes, leads
ECG F LEAD OFF skin or ECG cables fall off the
LOW and patient cables are
ECG LA LEAD monitor.
properly connected.
OFF or
ECG L LEAD OFF
ECG RA LEAD
OFF or
ECG R LEAD OFF
ECG INIT ERR
ECG INIT ERR1
ECG INIT ERR2 Stop using
measuring function
ECG INIT ERR3 provided by ECG
HIG module, notifies
ECG INIT ERR4 ECG module failure
H bioMEDICAL
ECG INIT ERR5 INSTRUMENT
engineer or service
ECG INIT ERR6 staff.
ECG INIT ERR7
ECG INIT ERR8
If failure
persists, notify
ECG COMM Occasional HIG bioMEDICAL
STOP communication failure H INSTRUMENT
engineer or service
staff.
If failure
persists, notify
Occasional HIG bioMEDICAL
ECG COMM ERR
communication failure H INSTRUMENT
engineer or service
staff.
Stop using HR
alarm function,
HR ALM LMT HIG notify bioMEDICAL
Functional safety failure
ERR H INSTRUMENT
engineer or service
staff.
Make sure the
patient is quiet, the
electrodes are
ECG measuring signal is LO
ECG NOISE properly connected
greatly interfered. W
and AC power
system is well
grounded.
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Prompt messages (include general alerts):
Message Cause Alarm Level
HR measuring value exceeds the
HR EXCEED HIGH
measurement range.
8.6 ST Segment Monitoring
■ ST segment monitoring function is shutoff by default. You can switch it to ON when necessary.
NOTE
When setting ST ANALYSIS on, the monitor will select “DIAGNOSTIC” mode. You can
set it to “MONITOR” mode or “OPERATE” mode as required. However at this time ST
value has been severely distorted.
■ It is available to measure the variance of ST segment with ST analysis at the waveform tracks
for selected lead. The corresponding ST measurement result displays numerically at ST1 and
ST2 in the Parameter Area. The trend can be viewed with table or graphic form.
■ Measurement unit of ST segment: mv.
■ Measurement symbol of ST segment: "+" = elevating, "-" = depressing.
■ Measurement range of ST segment: -2.0 mv, ~ + 2.0 mv.
Pick the ST ANALYSIS item in the ECG SETUP menu to access the ST ANALYSIS sub-menu as
shown below.
8.6.1 ST ANALYSIS menu
Figure 8-8 ST ANALYSIS menu
ST analysis alarm setting

ST ANAL: the switch for ST analysis. Set it to ON to activate the ST analysis or OFF to disable
the ST analysis.
ST ALM: pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record during the ST analysis alarm;
pick "OFF" to disable the alarm function, and there will be a beside ST. ST alarm is
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activated when the result exceeds set ST HI value or falls below ST LO value.
ALM LEV: used to set up the ST alarm level. There are three selections: HIGH, MED and LOW.
ALM REC: pick "ON" to enable report printing upon ST analysis alarm.
ALM HI: used to set up the upper limit of ST alarm. The max. higher limit is 2.0. The minimum
higher limit is 0.2 larger than the set lower limit.
ALM LOW: used to set up the lower limit of ST alarm. The minimum lower limit is –2.0. The max.
lower limit is 0.2 lower than the set higher limit.
ST analysis alarm limits:
Max. ST HI Min. ST LO Step

ST 2.0 mv -2.0 mv 0.1
■ DEF POINT pick this item to access the DEF POINT window, in which the position of ISO and
ST point can be set up.
ISO Base point. Default is 78 ms.
ST Measurement point.
Figure 8-9 DEF POINT window
The operator can adjust the position of both ISO and ST measurement points.
The reference point is the position where the peak of R-wave locates (see Figure 8-10).
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R Wave
T
P
} ST Value
Q
S
ISO ST
-78 ms +109 ms
Figure 8-10 DEF Point
The ST measurement for each beat complex is the vertical difference between the two
measurement points.
NOTE
The ST measurement point should be adjusted if the patient's HR or ECG morphology

changes significantly.
Adjusting ISO, ST
These two points can be adjusted turning the knob.
When adjusting ST measurement point, the system will show the ST Measurement Point Window.
The QRS complex template displays in the window (If the template is not established, a horizontal
line will display. If the channel is not at ON position, a horizontal line will also display). It is adjustable
of the highlight bar in the window. You may select ISO or ST, then switch the knob left or right to
move the cursor line. When the cursor is at the required position, you may select the base point or
the measurement point.
NOTE
Abnormal QRS complex is not considered in ST segment analysis.
8.6.2 ST Alarm Message
Note: The alarm limits for two ST measurements are identical. No setting of alarm limits can be
made only for one channel.
Among physiological alarms, those belonging to the type that the parameter has exceeded the limits
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may activate the recorder to automatically output the parameters and related measured waveforms
when the alarms occur on the condition that the alarm record switch in the related menu is On.
Tables below describe the possible physiological alarms, technical alarms and prompt messages
during ST measurement.
ST measuring value of channel 1 is above

ST1 TOO HIGH User-selectable
the upper alarm limit.
ST measuring value of channel 1 is below

STI TOO LOW User-selectable
the lower alarm limit.
ST measuring value of channel 2 is above

ST2 TOO HIGH User-selectable
the upper alarm limit.
ST measuring value of channel 2 is below

ST2 TOO LOW User-selectable
the lower alarm limit.
Technical alarms:
Message Cause Alarm Level Remedy

Stop using ST alarming
function, notify
ST ALM LMT ERR Functional safety failure HIGH bioMEDICAL
INSTRUMENT engineer
or service staff.
Prompt messages (include general alerts):

ST measuring value of channel 1 exceeds the
ST1 EXCEED HIGH
measurement range.
ST measuring value of channel 2 exceeds the
ST2 EXCEED HIGH
measurement range.
8.7 Arr. Monitoring
Arrhythmia Analysis
The arrhythmia algorithm is used to monitor ECG of neonate and adult patient in clinical, detect the
changing of heart rate and ventricular rhythm, and also save arrhythmia events and generate
alarming information. Arrhythmia algorithm can monitor paced and non-paced patients. Qualified
personnel can use arrhythmia analysis to evaluate patient’s condition (such as heart rate, PVCs
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frequency, rhythm and ectopic beat) and decide the treatment. Besides detecting changing of ECG,
arrhythmia algorithm can also monitor patients and give proper alarm for arrhythmia.
■ The arrhythmia monitoring is shutoff by default. You can enable it when necessary.
■ This function can call up the doctor's attention to the patient's heart rate by measuring and
classifying the arrhythmia and abnormal heart beat and triggering the alarm.
■ The monitor can conduct up to 13 different arrhythmia analyses.
■ The monitor can store the latest 60 alarm events when taking arrhythmia analysis to a peculiar
buffer. The operator can edit these arrhythmia events through the menu below.
Pick the item ARR ANALYSIS in ECG SETUP menu to access the ARR ANALYSIS sub-menu.
8.7.1 ARR ANALYSIS Menu
Figure 8-11 ARR ANALYSIS Menu
■ ARR ANAL: Pick "ON" during monitoring. Default set is "OFF".

■ ALM: Pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record when alarm occurs; pick "OFF" to
disable the alarm function, and there will be a beside “PVCs”.
■ ALM LEV: selectable from HIGH, MED, LOW. Level HIGH represents the most serious case.
■ ALM REC: pick "ON" to enable report printing upon PVCs alarm.
■ ALM HI: PVCs alarm is activated when the PVCs exceeds set PVCs ALM HI value.
PVCs alarm upper limits:
Max Min Step
PVCs 10 1 1
PVCs alarm and prompt message:
Among physiological alarms, those belonging to the type that the parameter has exceeded the
limits may activate the recorder to automatically output the parameters and related measured
waveforms when the alarms occur on the condition that the alarm record switch in the related
menu is On.
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occurring during PVCs measurement.
PVCs TOO HIGH PVCs measuring value is above upper alarm limit. User-selectabl
e
Technical alarms:

Stop using PVCs alarming
PVCs ALM LMT Functional safety function, notify bioMEDICAL
HIGH
ERR failure INSTRUMENT engineer or
service staff.
■ ARR RELEARN Pick this item to start a learning procedure.

■ ARR ALARM Pick this item to access the ARR ALARM dialog box to set arrhythmia
alarm parameters.
Set ALM to ON/OFF to enable/disable the alarm function; Set REC to ON/OFF to
enable/disable alarm record function, turn the knob under LEV column to set alarm level to
HIGH, MED or LOW.
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Figure 8-12 ARR ALARM Menu
You can pick ALL ALM ON to enable alarm function of all arrhythmia types and pick ALL ALM OFF to
disable this function. Likewise, you can pick ALL REC ON to enable recording function for all
arrhythmia types and pick ALL REC OFF to disable this function. Changing the ALM LEV can reset
alarm level of all arrhythmia types to the same value.
■ ARR RECALL Pick this item to review and edit the ARR analysis result.
The latest arrhythmia events (up to 60) are displayed.
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Figure 8-13 ARR RECALL Menu
UP-DOWN Observe other event lists of other page.

CURSOR Select the Arr. event, whose name is displayed in a protruding frame.
DELETE Delete the selected Arr. event.
RENAME Rename the selected Arr. event, whose name is displayed in a sunken
frame.
Switch the knob until the name you want appears.
WAVE To display the Arrhythmia waveform, time and parameter value.
UP-DOWN To observe waveforms of other Arrhythmia events.
L_RIGHT To observe 8-second waveform of Arrhythmia events.
REC To print out displayed Arrhythmia event.
EXIT To return to ARR RECALL menu of Arrhythmia event.
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Figure 8-14 ARR WAVE RECALL Menu
NOTE
If there are more than 60 Arrhythmia events, the latest will be retained.
8.7.2 ARR ALARM
The alarm is triggered when an Arrhythmia occurs. If the ALM is ON, the alarm sounds and the
alarm indicator flashes. If the REC is ON, the alarm record will be printed out (4 seconds prior to and
after the alarm, with the ECG waveforms of analysis channel).
Applicable Alarm
Arr. Type Occurring Condition Prompt
Patient Type Level
All patients No QRS is detected for 4 User-sele

ASYSTOLE ASYSTOLE
consecutive seconds ctable
Fibrillatory wave for
consecutive 4 seconds; or
The number of continuous
Without Vent beats is larger than User-sele
VFIB /VTAC VFIB/VTAC
pacemaker the upper limit of cluster ctable
Vent beats (>5).
The RR interval is less than
600ms.
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Without 3 < the number of cluster User-sele
VT>2 VT>2
pacemaker PVCs < 5 ctable
Without 2 consecutive PVCs User-sele
COUPLET COUPLET
pacemaker ctable
Vent Bigeminy
User-sele
BIGEMINY Without BRGEMINY
ctable
pacemaker
Without Vent Trigeminy User-sele
TRIGEMINY TRIGEMINY
pacemaker ctable
A type of single PVC
under the condition that
HR<100 ， R-R interval is
less than 1/3 the average
Without interval, followed by a User-sele
R ON T R ON T
pacemaker compensating pause of ctable
1.25X the average R-R
interval(the next R wave
advances onto the previous
T wave).
Single PVCs not belonging
Without User-sele
PVC to the type of above PVC
pacemaker ctable
mentioned PVCs.
5 consecutive QRS
User-sele
TACHY All patients complex , RR interval is TACHY
ctable
less than 500ms.
5 consecutive QRS
User-sele
BRADY All patients complex, RR interval is BRADY
ctable
longer than 1.5s.
When HR is less than 100
beats/min., no heart beat is
tested during the period
Without 1.75 times of the average User-sele
BEAT MISS BEAT MISS
pacemaker RR interval; or ctable
When HR is larger than
100 beats/min., no beat is
tested with 1 second.
No QRS complex and
pacing pulse are availabe
User-sele
With during the period 1.75
PNP PNP ctable
pacemaker times of the average R-R
interval (only considering
patients with pacemaker.)
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When pacing pulse is
available, no QRS exists
With during the period 1.75 User-sele
PNC PNC
pacemaker times of the average RR ctable
interval (only considering
patients with pacemaker.)
Patient type:
All patients: refers to perform Arr.analysis on patients either with pacemakers or without
pacemakers.
Without pacemaker: refers to perform Arr. Analysis only on the patients without pacemakers.
With pacemaker: refers to perform Arr. Analysis only on the patients with pacemakers.
Prompt message:
Alarm
Message Cause
Level
The QRS template building required for Arr. Analysis is in No
ARR LEARNING
process. alarm
NOTE
Arrhythmia name displays in the Alarm Message Area.
8.8 Measuring RESP
8.8.1 How to measure RESP?
The monitor measures respiration from the amount of thoracic impedance between two ECG
electrodes. The change of impedance between the two electrodes, (due to the thoracic
movement), produces a respiratory waveform on the screen.
8.8.2 Setting Up RESP measurement
For RESP monitoring, it is not necessary for additional electrodes, however, the placing of
electrodes is important.
Some patients, due to their clinical condition, expand their chest laterally, causing a negative
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intrathoracic pressure. In these cases it is better to place the two RESP electrodes laterally in the
right axillary and left lateral chest areas at the maximum point of breathing movement to optimize
the respiratory waveform.
NOTE
It is not recommended using the RESP monitoring on patients who are very active, as this
can cause false alarms.
Checklist for RESP Monitoring

1. Prepare the patient's skin prior to placing the electrodes.
2. Attach snap or clip to the electrodes and attach the electrodes to the patient as described
below.
3. Switch on the monitor.
8.8.3 Installing electrode for RESP measurement
Placing the Electrodes for Respiratory Monitoring
Yellow
R
Red
N
F
Black
Green
Figure 8-15 Electrodes placement (5-lead)
NOTE
Place the red and green electrodes diagonally to optimize the respiration waveform. Avoid
the liver area and the ventricles of the heart in the line between the RESP electrodes so as to
avoid cardiac overlay or artifacts from pulsating blood flow. This is particularly important for
neonates.
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8.8.4 RESP menu
RESP SETUP Menu
Pick RESP hot key on the screen to call up the following menu:
Figure 8-16 RESP SETUP Menu
RESP alarm setting

• ALM: pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record during the RESP alarm; pick "OFF" to
disable the alarm function, and there will be a beside “RESP”.
• ALM REC: pick "ON" to enable report printing upon RESP alarm.
• ALM LEV: selectable from HIGH, MED and LOW. Level HIGH represents the most serious case.
• ALM HI: used to set up the upper alarm limit.
• ALM LO: used to set up the lower alarm limit.
RESP alarm is activated when the respiration rate exceeds set ALM HI value or falls below ALM
LO value.
RESP alarm limits:
Max. RR HI Min. RR LO Step

RESP ADU 120 0 1
RESP NEO/PED 150 0 1
• APNEA ALM: to set the standard of judging an apnea case. It ranges from 10 to 40 seconds,
increases / decreases by 5.
• SWEEP: Available options are 6.25, 12.5 and 25.0 mm/s.
• WAVE AMP: The user may set up the displaying amplitude of the RESP waveform. The
selections are 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
• HOLD TYPE: AUTO/MANUAL adjustable. When it is AUTO mode, HOLD HI and HOLD LO
menus cannot be used and the monitor automatically calculates the RESP RATE.
• HOLD HI and HOLD LO: When the HOLD TYPE is MANUAL, the user can use the knob to pick
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either HOLD HI or HOLD LO and turn the knob to adjust the two dashed lines in the RESP
WAVEFORM area respectively. The positions of the dashed lines will be used to calculate the
upper and lower limits of RESP RATE by the monitor.
• DEFAULT: pick this item to access the RESP DEFAULT CONFIG dialog box, in which the user
may select whether the FACTORY DEFAULT CONFIG or the USER DEFAULT CONFIG is to be
used. After selecting any of the items and exiting the dialog box, the system will pop up the dialog
box asking for the user’s confirmation
RESP Alarm Msessage
occurring during RESP measurement.
RESP measuring value is above

RR TOO HIGH User-selectable
upper alarm limit.
RESP measuring value is below lower

RR TOO LOW User-selectable
alarm limit.
RESP can not be measured within

RESP APNEA HIGH
specific time interval.
Technical alarms:

Stop using RESP
alarming function, notify
Functional safety
RESP ALM LMT ERR HIGH bioMEDICAL
failure
INSTRUMENT engineer
or service staff.
Prompt message (general alerts):

RR measuring value exceeds the
RR EXCEED HIGH
measure range.
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8.9 Maintenance and Cleaning
Care and Cleaning
Warning
If there is any sign that the ECG cable may be damaged or deteriorated, replace it with a new one
instead of continuing its application on the patient.
■ Cleaning
Use fine-hair cloth moistened in mild soap liquid or cleaning agent containing 70% ethanol to
clean the equipment.
■ Sterilization
To avoid extended damage to the equipment, sterilization is only recommended when
stipulated as necessary in the Hospital Maintenance Schedule. Sterilization facilities should be
cleaned first.
Recommended sterilization material:

y Ethylate: 70% alcohol, 70% isopropanol
y Acetaldehyde
■ Disinfection
To avoid extended damage to the equipment, disinfection is only recommended when
stipulated as necessary in the Hospital Maintenance Schedule. Disinfection facilities should be
cleaned first.
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Chapter 9SpO2 Monitoring
9.1 What is SpO2 Monitoring
SpO2 Plethysmogram measurement is employed to determine the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in

the arterial blood. If, for example, 97% hemoglobin molecules in the red blood cells of the arterial blood
combine with oxygen, then the blood has a SpO2 oxygen saturation of 97%. The SpO2 numeric on the
monitor will read 97% .The SpO2 numeric shows the percentage of hemoglobin molecules which have
combined with oxygen molecules to form oxyhemoglobin. The SpO2/PLETH parameter can also
provide a pulse rate signal and a plethysmogram wave.
9.1.1 How the SpO2 / PLETH Parameter Works
■ Arterial oxygen saturation is measured by a method called pulse oximetry. It is a continuous,

non-invasive method based on the different absorption spectra of reduced hemoglobin and
oxyhemoglobin. It measures how much light, sent from light sources on one side of the sensor,
is transmitted through patient tissue (such as a finger or an ear), to a receiver on the other side.
The sensor measurement wavelengths are nominally 660nm for the Red LED and 940nm for
Infrared LED. Maximum optical power output for LED is 4 mW.
■ The amount of light transmitted depends on many factors, most of which are constant. However,
one of these factors, the blood flow in the arteries, varies with time, because it is pulsating. By
measuring the light absorption during a pulsation, it is possible to derive the oxygen saturation
of the arterial blood. Detecting the pulsation gives a PLETH waveform and pulse rate signal.
■ The SpO2 value and the PLETH waveform can be displayed on the main screen.
Warning
Pulse oximetry can overestimate the SpO2 value in the presence of Hb-CO, Met-Hb or dye
dilution chemicals.
9.1.1 SpO2 / Pulse Monitoring
Warning
ES (Electrosurgery) equipment wire and SpO2 cable must not be tangled up.
Warning
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Do not put the sensor on extremities with arterial catheter or venous syringe.
Note
Do not perform SpO2 measuring and NIBP measuring in same arm at one time, because
obstruction of blood flow during NIBP measuring may adversely affect the reading of SpO2
value.
9.2 Precautions during SpO2/Pulse Monitoring
Note
z Make sure the nail covers the light window;
z The wire should be on the backside of the hand.
Note
SpO2 value always displays at the same position. Pulse Rate will display when HR FROM
is set at "SPO2", “BOTH” in the ECG SETUP menu.
Note
SpO2 waveform is not proportional to the pulse volume.
Warning
Verify sensor cable fault detection before beginning of monitoring phase. Unplug the SpO2
sensor cable from the socket, the screen will display the error message “SPO2 SENSOR
OFF” and the audible alarm is activated.
Warning
Do not use the sterile supplied SpO2 sensors if the packaging or the sensor is damaged
and return them to the vendor.
Warning
Prolonged and continuous monitoring may increase jeopardy of unexpected change of

dermal condition such as abnormal sensitivity, rubescence, vesicle, repressive putrescence,
and so on. It is especially important to check the sensor placement of neonate and patient of
poor perfusion or immature dermogram by light collimation and proper attaching strictly
according to changes of the skin. Check per 2~3 hours the sensor placement and move it
when the skin deteriorates. More frequent examinations may be required for different
patients.
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9.3 Monitoring Procedure
SpO2 plethysmogram measurement

1. Switch on the monitor.
2. Attach the sensor to the appropriate site of the patient finger.
3. Plug the connector of the sensor extension cable into the SpO2 socket on the .
Figure 9-17 mounting of the sensor
9.4 Limitations for Measurement
Measurement Limitations
In operation, the accuracy of oximetry readings can be affected by:
z High-frequency electrical noise, including noise created by the host system, or noise
from external sources, such as electrosurgical apparatus, which is admitted by the host
system.
z Do not use oximeters and oximetry sensors during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scanning. Induced current could potentially cause burns.
z Intravascular dye injections
z Excessive patient movement
z Improper sensor application
z Sensor temperature (maintain between 28°C and 42°C for best operation )
z Placement of the sensor on an extremity that has a blood pressure cuff, arterial catheter,
or intravascular line.
z Significant concentrations of dysfunctional hemoglobin, such as carboxyhemoglobin
and methemoglobin.
z External illumination more than 5,000 lumens/square meter (typical office lighting)
z Venous pulsations
z It is recommended to use SpO2 sensors described in chapter Accessories and Ordering
Information.
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9.5 SpO2 Menu
SPO2 SETUP Menu
Pick the SPO2 hot key on the screen to call up the SPO2 SETUP menu as shown below.
Figure 9-18 SPO2 SETUP menu
Warning
Setting the SpO2 upper alarm limit to 100% is equivalent to switching off the alarm on upper
limit. High oxygen levels may predispose a premature infant to retrolental fibroplasia.
Therefore, the upper alarm limit for oxygen saturation must be carefully selected in
accordance with commonly accepted clinical practices.
SpO2 alarm setting

• ALM: pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record during the SpO2 alarm;
pick "OFF" to disable the alarm function, and there will be a beside “SpO2”.
• ALM REC: pick "ON" to enable report printing upon SpO2 alarm.
• ALM LEV: used to set up alarm level, selectable from HIGH, MED and LOW. HIGH
represents the most serious case.
• SPO2 ALM HI and SPO2 ALM LO:SpO2 alarm is activated when the result exceeds set
SPO2 ALM HI value or falls below SPO2 ALM LO value. Use the knob to pick the SPO2 ALM
HI or SPO2 ALM LO item and turn the knob to select the desired alarm limit.
• PR ALM HI and PR ALM LO: PR alarm is activated when the pulse rate exceeds set PR ALM
HI value or falls below PR ALM LO value. Use the knob to pick the PR ALM HI or PR ALM LO
item and turn the knob to select the desired alarm limit.
SpO2 and PR alarm limits:
Max. Upper Limit Min. Lower Limit Step

SpO2 100 0 1
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PR 254 0 1
■ SWEEP
Available options are 12.5, 25.0 mm/s.
■ PR SOUND
Pulse beep volume. Options are OFF, HIGH, MED, LOW.
■ AVG TIME
4S, 8S, 16S represent times that SpO2 average value is counted.
■ DEFAULT:
Pick this item to access the SPO2 DEFAULT CONFIG dialog box, in which the user may select
9.6 Alarm Description and Prompt
SpO2 Alarm Message
may activate the recorder to automatically output the parameters and related measured waveforms when
the alarms occur on the condition that the alarm record switch in the related menu is On.
occurring during SpO2 measurement.
Physiological alarm:
SPO2TOO HIGH SpO2 measuring value is above upper alarm limit. User-selectable
SpO2 TOO LOW SpO2 measuring value is below lower alarm limit. User-selectable
PR TOO HIGH PR measuring value is above upper alarm limit. User-selectable
PR TOO LOW PR measuring value is below lower alarm limit. User-selectable
Technical alarms:
Al
Message Cause arm Remedy
Level
SpO2 sensor Make sure that the
may be monitor and the patient
L
SPO2 SENSOR OFF disconnected from are in correct connection
OW
the patient or the with the cables.
monitor.
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Stop using the
measuring function of
SpO2 module, notify
SpO2 module H bioMEDICAL
SPO2 INIT ERR
failure IGH INSTRUMENT engineer
or service staff.
Stop using the

SpO2 module SpO2 module, notify
failure or H bioMEDICAL
SPO2 COMM STOP
communication IGH INSTRUMENT engineer
error or service staff.
Stop using the

SpO2 module SpO2 module, notify
failure or H bioMEDICAL
SPO2 COMM ERR
communication IGH INSTRUMENT engineer
error or service staff.
Stop using the

SpO2 module, notify
Functional H bioMEDICAL
SPO2 ALM LMT ERR
safety failure IGH INSTRUMENT engineer
or service staff.
Stop using the

SpO2 module, notify
Functional H bioMEDICAL
PR ALM LMT ERR
safety failure IGH INSTRUMENT engineer
or service staff.
Prompt message (include general alerts):

SPO2 EXCEED SpO2 measuring value exceeds the range. HIGH
PR EXCEED PR measuring value exceeds the range. HIGH
SEARCH PULSE SpO2 module is searching for pulse. No alarm

SpO2 module cannot detect SpO2 signal for a
NO PULSE HIGH
long time.
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Care and Cleaning
Warning
Warning
Do not subject the sensor to autoclaving.

Do not immerse the sensor into any liquid.
Do not use any sensor or cable that may be damaged or deteriorated.
For cleaning:
Use a cotton ball or a soft mull moistened with hospital-grade ethanol to wipe the surface of the
sensor, and then dry it with a cloth. This cleaning method can also be applied to the luminotron
and receiving unit.
The cable can be cleaned with 3% hydrogen dioxide, 7% isopropanol, or other active reagent.
However, connector of the sensor shall not be subjected to such solution.
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Chapter 10TEMP Monitoring
10.1 TEMP Monitoring
TEMP monitoring setup

If you are using disposable TEMP probes you need to plug the TEMP cable into the monitor
and then connect the probe to the cable. With a reusable TEMP probe you can plug the probe
directly into the monitor
Apply the TEMP probe(s) securely to the patient.
Switch on the system.
Warning
Verify probe cables fault detection before beginning of monitoring phase. Unplug the
temperature probe cable from the socket, the screen will display the error message “TEMP
SENSOR OFF” and the audible alarm is activated.
Note
Disposable TEMP probe can only be used once for one patient.
Warning
The calibration of the temperature measurement is necessary for every two years (or as
frequently as dictated by your Hospital Procedures Policy). When you need calibrate the
temperature measurement, contact the manufacture please.
Warning
The calibration of the temperature measurement is necessary for every two years (or as
frequently as dictated by your Hospital Procedures Policy). When you need calibrate the
temperature measurement, contact the manufacture please.
Note
The self-test of the temperature measurement is performed automatically once per hour during the
monitoring. The test procedure lasts about 2 seconds and does not affect the normal measurement of the
temperature monitoring.
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10.2 TEMP SETUP Menu
Pick the TEMP hot key on the screen to call up the TEMP SETUP menu shown as below:
Figure 10-19 TEMP SETUP Menu
■ TEMP alarm setting

■ ALM: pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record during the TEMP alarm; pick
"OFF" to disable the alarm function, and prompt the symbol beside TEMP numeric.
■ ALM LEV: used to set up the alarm level, selectable from HIGH, MED or LOW.
■ ALM REC: used to start/stop recording TEMP alarms. Pick "ON" to enable report printing
upon TEMP alarm.
Alarm for TEMP occurs when the measured temperature exceeds set alarm high limit or
falls below alarm low limit.
TEMP alarm limits:
Max. TEMP HI Min. TEMP LO Step

TEMP 50 0 0.1
■ UNIT
To set temperature unit (ºC or ºF).
■ DEFAULT
Pick this item to access the TEMP DEFAULT CONFIG dialog box, in which the user may select
10.3 TEMP Alarm message
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occurring during TEMP measurement.
Measuring value of sensor is above upper
TEMP TOO HIGH User-selectable
alarm limit.
Measuring value of sensor is below lower
TEMP TOO LOW User-selectable
alarm limit.
Technical alarms:
Alarm
Alarm Message Cause Remedy
Level
Temperature
TEMP SENSOR cable may be L Make sure that the cable is
OFF disconnected from the OW properly connected.
monitor.
Stop using alarming
TEMP ALM LMT function of TEMP module,
Functional safety failure HIGH notify bioMEDICAL
ERR
INSTRUMENT engineer or
service staff.
Prompt message:
Measuring value of sensor is beyond
TEMP EXCEED HIGH
measuring range.
10.4 Care and Cleaning
Warning
Before cleaning the monitor or the probe, make sure that the equipment is switched off and disconnected
from the power line.
Reusable TEMP Probes

1 The TEMP probe should not be heated above 100℃ (212℉). It should only be subjected
briefly to temperatures between 80℃ (176℉) and 100℃ (212℉).
2 The probe must not be sterilized in steam.
3 Only detergents containing no alcohol can be used for disaffection.
4 The rectal probes should be used, if possible, in conjunction with a protective rubber cover.
5 To clean the probe, hold the tip with one hand and with the other hand rubbing the probe down
in the direction of the connector using a moist lint-free cloth.
Page 83 of 97
Note
Disposable TEMP probe must not be re-sterilized or reused. 带格式的: 制表位: 40.29
字符, 左对齐 + 44.57 字
符, 左对齐
Note
For protecting environment, the disposable TEMP probe must be recycled or disposed of
properly.
Page 84 of 97
Chapter 11 NIBP Monitoring
11.1 Introduction
■ Reference to the European standard EN 1060-1: Specification for Non-invasive

sphygmomanometers Part 1, General requirements.
■ The Non-invasive Blood Pressure (NIBP) module measures the blood pressure using the
oscillometric method.
■ It is applicable for adult, pediatric, and neonatal usage.
■ There are three modes of measurement available: manual, automatic and continuous. Each
mode displays the diastolic, systolic and mean blood pressure.
In the MANUAL mode, only one measurement is conducted for each time.
In the AUTO mode, the measurement is cycled; you can set the interval time to
1/2/3/4/5/10/15/30/60/90/120/180/240/480 minutes.
In the continuous mode, the monitor measures the blood pressure as many times as
possible in five minutes.
Warning
1. You must not perform NIBP measurements on patients with sickle-cell disease or under
any condition which the skin is damaged or expected to be damaged.
2. For a thrombasthemia patient, it is important to determine whether measurement of the
blood pressure shall be done automatically. The determination should be based on the
clinical evaluation.
3. Ensure that the correct setting is selected when performing measurements on children. It
may be dangerous for the children to use an over pressure level.
11.2 NIBP Measuring
11.2.1 NIBP Measuring
Warning
■ Before starting a measurement, verify that you have selected a setting appropriate for
your patient (adult, pediatric or neonate.)
■ Do not apply the cuff to a limb that has an intravenous infusion or catheter in place. This
could cause tissue damage around the catheter when infusion is slowed or blocked
during cuff inflation.
Warning
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Make sure that the air conduit connecting the blood pressure cuff and the monitor is neither
blocked nor tangled.
1. Plug in the air hose and switch on the system.

2. Apply the blood pressure cuff to the patient's arm or leg following the instructions below (Figure
11-20).
■ Ensure that the cuff is completely deflated.
■ Apply the appropriate size cuff to the patient, and make sure that the symbol "Φ" is over the
appropriate artery. Ensure that the cuff is not wrapped too tightly around the limb. Excessive
tightness may cause discoloration and eventual ischemia of the extremities.
Figure 11-20 Applying Cuff
Note
The width of the cuff should be either 40% of the limb circumference (50% for neonates) or
2/3 of the upper arm length. The inflatable part of the cuff should be long enough to encircle
50-80% of the limb. The wrong size of cuff can cause erroneous readings. If the cuff size is in
question, then use a larger cuff.
Size of reusable cuff for neonate/children/adult

Patient Type Limb perimeter Cuff width Hose
Infant 10 ~19 cm 8 cm
Child 18 ~ 26 cm 10.6 cm 1.5 m
Adult 25 ~ 35 cm 14 cm or
Large Adult 33 ~ 47 cm 17 cm 3m
Thigh 46 ~ 66 cm 21 cm
Size of disposable cuff for neonate/children/adult
Size No. Limb perimeter Cuff width Hose

1 3.1 ~ 5.7 cm 2.5 cm
2 4.3 ~ 8.0 cm 3.2 cm
1.5 m or 3 m
3 5.8 ~ 10.9 cm 4.3 cm
4 7.1 ~ 13.1 cm 5.1 cm
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■ Make sure that the cuff edge falls within the range of mark <->. If it does not, use a larger or
smaller cuff that fits better.
3. Connect the cuff to the air hose. The limb chosen for taking the measurement should be placed
at the same level as the patient's heart. If this is not possible you should apply the following
corrections to the measured values:
■ If the cuff is placed higher than the heart level, add 0.75 mmHg (0.10 kPa) for each inch of
difference.
■ If it is placed lower than the heart level, deduct 0.75 mmHg (0.10 kPa) for each inch of
difference.
4. Check whether the patient mode is appropriately selected. Access PATIENT SETUP menu
from SYSTEM MENU and pick PAT TYPE item and turn the knob to select the required patient
type.
5. Select a measurement mode in the NIBP SETUP menu. Refer to the following paragraphs
Operation Hints for details
6. Press the NIBP button on the front panel to start a measurement.
Operation Hints
1. To start auto measuring:

Access NIBP SETUP menu and pick the INTERVAL item, in which the user may choose the
selections other than MANUAL to set up the time interval for auto measurement. After that,
press NIBP button on the front panel to start the auto measuring according to the selected time
interval.
Warning
Prolonged non-invasive blood pressure measurements in Auto mode may be associated

with purport, ischemia and neuropathy in the limb wearing the cuff. When monitoring a
patient, examine the extremities of the limb frequently for normal color, warmth and
sensitivity. If any abnormality is observed, stop the blood pressure measurements.
2. To stop auto measuring:

During auto measuring press NIBP button on the front panel at any time to stop auto
measurement.
3. To start a manual measuring:
Access NIBP SETUP menu and pick the INTERVAL item. Select the MANUAL selection.
Then press the NIBP button on the front panel to start a manual measurement.
During the idle period of auto measuring process, press the NIBP button on the front panel
at any time to start a manual measurement. Then press the NIBP button to stop manual
measurement and the system continues executes auto-measuring program according to
selected time interval.
4. To start a manual measuring during the AUTO mode:
Press NIBP button on the front panel.
5. To stop a manual measuring
Repress the NIBP button again.
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6. To perform continuous measuring:
Access NIBP SETUP menu and pick the CONTINUAL item to start the continuous
measurement. The monitor will measure as many times of NIBP as possible within 5 minutes.
Warning
Prolonged non-invasive blood pressure measurements in Auto mode may be associated

with purport, ischemia and neuropathy in the limb wearing the cuff. When monitoring a
patient, examine the extremities of the limb frequently for normal color, warmth and
sensitivity. If any abnormality is observed, stop the blood pressure measurements.
7. To stop continuous measuring:

During continuous measuring press NIBP button on the front panel at any time to stop
continuous measurement.
Note
If you are in doubt about the accuracy of any reading(s), check the patient's vital signs by an
alternative method before checking the functioning of the monitor.
Warning
If liquid is inadvertently splashed on the equipment or its accessories, or may enter the
conduit or inside the monitor, contact local Customer Service Center.
Measurement Limitations
To different patient conditions, the oscillometric measurement has certain limitations. The
measurement is in search of regular arterial pressure pulse. In those circumstances when the
patient's condition makes it difficult to detect, the measurement becomes unreliable and measuring
time increases. The user should be aware that the following conditions could interfere with the
measurement, making the measurement unreliable or longer to derive. In some cases, the patient's
condition will make a measurement impossible.
z Patient Movement
Measurements will be unreliable or may not be possible if the patient is moving, shivering or having
convulsions. These motions may interfere with the detection of the arterial pressure pulses. In addition,
the measurement time will be prolonged.
z Cardiac Arrhythmia's
Measurements will be unreliable and may not be possible if the patient's cardiac arrhythmia has
caused an irregular heartbeat. The measuring time thus will be prolonged.
z Heart-lung Machine
Measurements will not be possible if the patient is connected to a heart-lung machine.
z Pressure Changes
Measurements will be unreliable and may not be possible if the patient's blood pressure is changing
rapidly over the period of time during which the arterial pressure pulses are being analyzed to obtain
Page 88 of 97
the measurement.
z Severe Shock
If the patient is in severe shock or hypothermia, measurements will be unreliable since reduced
blood flow to the peripheries will cause reduced pulsation of the arteries.
z Heart Rate Extremes
Measurements can not be made at a heart rate of less than 40 bpm and greater than 240 bpm.
11.2.2 NIBP monitoring screen
NIBP measurement result and corresponding message are displayed as follows:
Time of measurement
NIBP 16: 50 mmHg BP unit
NS
Measurement value 108 84 70 160
90 NS Alarm limit
Measurement mode MANUAL Current cuff pressure
Message Manual measure …… CUFF:100
11.3 NIBP SETUP menu
Pick the NIBP hot key on the screen to call up the NIBP menu shown as below:
Figure 11-21 NIBP SETUP Menu
NIBP alarm setting

• ALM: pick "ON" to enable prompt message and data record during the NIBP alarm; pick
"OFF" to disable the alarm function, and there will be a beside “NIBP”.
• ALM LEV: selectable from HIGH, MED to LOW. HIGH represents the most serious case.
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• ALM REC: pick "ON" to enable report printing upon NIBP alarm.
• SYS ALM HI, SYS ALM LO, MEAN ALM HI, MEAN ALM LO, DIA ALM HI, DIA ALM LO are
for the user to set up the alarm limit for each type of pressure. NIBP alarm is activated when
the pressure exceeds set upper alarm limits or falls below lower alarm limits.
NIBP alarm limits:

Adult Mode
SYS 40-270 mmHg
DIA 10-215 mmHg
Mean 20-235 mmHg
Pediatric Mode
SYS 40-200 mmHg
DIA 10-150 mmHg
Mean 20-165 mmHg
Neonatal Mode
SYS 40-135 mmHg
DIA 10-100 mmHg
Mean 20-110 mmHg
■ RESET
Restore measurement status.
Pick this item to restore initial settings of the pressure pump.
When the pressure does not work properly and the system fails to give message for the
problem, pick this item to activate self-test procedure, thus restore the system from abnormal
performance.
■ CONTINUAL
Start continuous measuring.
When this item is picked, the menu will disappear automatically.
■ INTERVAL
Interval time for automatic measuring. Available selections:
1/2/3/4/5/10/15/30/60/90/120/180/240/480 minutes. Press NIBP button on the front panel to
start the first auto measuring.
Pick MANUAL selection in INTERVAL item to set up the measuring mode to MANUAL.
■ UNIT
Pick this item to set measurement unit. (Option: mmHg or kPa)
■ CALIBRATE
Calibrate the cuff pressure reading with a calibrated reference manometer. Pick the
CALIBRATE item to start the calibration and the item will change into STOP CAL, which if
picked, the system will stop calibration.
■ DEFAULT
Pick this item to access the NIBP DEFAULT CONFIG dialog box, in which the user may select
WARNING
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The calibration of the NIBP measurement is necessary for every two years (or as frequently
as dictated by your Hospital Procedures Policy). The performance should be checked
according to the following details.
Procedure of the Pressure Transducer Calibration:

Replace the cuff of the device with a rigid metal vessel with a capacity of 500 ml ± 5%. Connect a
calibrated reference manometer with an error less than 0.8 mmHg and a ball pump by means of a
T-piece connector and hoses to the pneumatic system. Set the monitor in CALIBRATE mode.
Inflate the pneumatic system to 0, 50 and 200 mmHg by ball pump separately. The difference
between the indicated pressure of the reference manometer and the indicated pressure of the
monitor will not exceed 3 mmHg. Otherwise, please contact our customer service.
■ PNEUMATIC
This item is used for air leakage test. Turn the knob to pick the item to start the air leakage test.
Then the item will change into STOP PNEUM, which if picked, the system will stop air leakage
test.
WARNING
This pneumatic test other than being specified in the EN 1060-1 standard is to be used by the
user to simply determine whether there are air leaks in the NIBP airway. If at the end of the
test the system gives the prompt that the NIBP airway has air leaks, please contact the
manufacturer for repair.
Procedure of the air leakage test:

1) Connect the cuff securely with the socket for NIBP air hole.
2) Wrap the cuff around the cylinder of an appropriate size.
3) Access the NIBP SETUP menu.
4) Turn the knob to the PNEUMATIC item and press the knob. Then the prompt “Pneum
testing…” will appear on the bottom of the NIBP parameter area indicating that the system
has started performing pneumatic test.
5) The system will automatically inflate the pneumatic system to about 180mmHg.
6) After 20 seconds or so, the system will automatically open the deflating valve, which marks
the completion of a pneumatic measurement.
7) If no prompt appears on the bottom of the NIBP parameter area, it indicates that the airway is
in good situation and no air leaks exist. However if the prompt “PNEUMATIC LEAK” appears
in the place, it indicates that the airway may have air leaks. In this case, the user should
check for loose connection. After confirming secure connections, the user should re-perform
the pneumatic test. If the failure prompt still appears, please contact the manufacturer for
repair.
Page 91 of 97
Warning
■ Do not squeeze the rubber tube on the cuff.

■ Do not allow liquid to enter the connector socket at the front of the monitor.
■ Do not wipe the inner part of the connector socket when cleaning the monitor.
■ When the reusable cuff is not connected with the monitor, or being cleaned, always
place the cover on the rubber tube to avoid liquid permeation.
Reusable Blood Pressure Cuff
The cuff can be sterilized by means of conventional autoclaving, gas, or radiation sterilization in hot
air ovens or disinfected by immersion in decontamination solutions, but remember to remove the
rubber bag if you use this method. The cuff should not be dry-cleaned.
The cuff can also be machine-washed or hand-washed, the latter method may prolong the service
life of the cuff. Before washing, remove the latex rubber bag, and for machine-washing, close the
Velcro fastening. Allow the cuff to dry thoroughly after washing, then reinsert the rubber bag.
To replace the rubber bag in the cuff, first place the bag on top of the cuff so that the rubber tubes line
up with the large opening on the long side of the cuff. Now roll the bag lengthwise and insert it into the
opening on the long side of the cuff. Hold the tubes and the cuff and shake the complete cuff until the
bag is in position. Thread the rubber tubes from inside the cuff, and out through the small hole under the
internal flap.
Disposable Blood Pressure Cuffs
Disposable cuffs are intended for one-patient use only. Do not use the same cuff on any other patient.
Do not sterilize or use autoclave on disposable cuffs. Disposable cuffs can be cleaned using soap
solution to prevent infection.
Note
For protecting environment, the disposable blood pressure cuffs must be recycled or
disposed of properly.
Page 92 of 97
Chapter 12 Appendix I
Product Specification
12.1 ECG
Lead Mode 5 Leads ( R, L, F, N, C or RA, LA, LL, RL,V)

Lead selection I, II, III, avR, avL, avF, V,
Waveform 2 ch
Lead mode 3 Leads ( R, L, F or RA, LA, LL)

Lead selection I, II, III,
Waveform 1 ch
Gain ×2.5mm/mV, ×5.0mm/mV, ×10mm/mV, ×20mm/mV, auto

HR and Alarm
Range
Adult 15 ~ 300 bpm
Neo/Ped 15 ~ 350 bpm
Accuracy ± 1% or ± 1bpm,which great
Resolution 1 bpm
Sensitivity > 200 (uV P-P)
Differential Input Impedance > 5 MΩ
CMRR
Monitor > 105 dB
Operation > 105 dB
Diagnosis > 85 dB
Electrode offset potential ±300mV
Leakage Current < 10 uA
Baseline Recovery < 3 S After Defi.
ECG Signal Range ±8 m V ( Vp-p )
Bandwidth
Surgery 1 ~ 15 Hz
Monitor 0.5 ~ 35 Hz
Diagnostic 0.05 ~ 100 Hz
Calibration Signal 1 (mV p-p), Accuracy ：±5%
ST Segment Monitoring Range
Measure and Alarm -2.0 ~ +2.0 mV
ARR Detecting
Type ASYSTOLE, VFIB/VTAC, COUPLET, BIGEMINY,
Page 93 of 97
TRIGEMINY, R ON T, VT>2, PVC, TACHY, BRADY,
MISSED BEATS, PNP, PNC
Alarm Available
Review Available
12.2 RESPARATION
Method Impedance between R-F(RA-LL)

Differential Input Impedance >2.5 MΩ
Measuring Impedance Range:0.3~5.0Ω
Base line Impedance Range: 0 – 2.5 KΩ
Bandwidth 0.3 ~ 2.5 Hz
Resp. Rate
Measuring and Alarm Range
Adult 0 ~ 120 rpm
Neo/Ped 0 ~ 150 rpm
Resolution 1 rpm
Accuracy ±2 rpm
Apean Alarm 10 ~ 40 S
12.3 NIBP
Method Oscillometric
Mode Manual, Auto, STAT
Measuring Interval in AUTO Mode
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240,480 (Min)
Measuring Period in STAT Mode 5 Min
Pulse Rate Range 40 ~ 240 bpm
Alarm Type SYS, DIA, MEAN
Measuring and alarm range
Adult Mode
SYS 40 ~ 270 mmHg
DIA 10 ~ 215 mmHg
MEAN 20 ~ 235 mmHg
Pediatric Mode
SYS 40 ~ 200 mmHg
DIA 10 ~ 150 mmHg
MEAN 20 ~ 165 mmHg
Neonatal Mode
SYS 40 ~ 135 mmHg
DIA 10 ~ 100 mmHg
MEAN 20 ~ 110 mmHg
Resolution
Pressure 1mmHg
Page 94 of 97
Accuracy
Pressure
Maximum Mean error ±5mmHg
Maximum Standard deviation ±8mmHg
Overpressure Protection
Adult Mode 297±3 mmHg
Pediatric Mode 240±3 mmHg
Neonatal Mode 147±3 mmHg
12.4 SpO2
Measuring Range 0 ~ 100 %

Alarm Range 0 ~ 100 %
Resolution 1%
Accuracy
70% ~ 100% ±2 %
0% ~ 69% unspecified
Actualization interval about 1 Sec.
Alarm Delay 10 Sec.
Pulse Rate
Measuring and Alarm Range
0~254bpm
Resolution 1bpm
Accuracy ±2bpm
12.5 TEMPERATURE
Channel 1
Measuring and Alarm Range 0 ~ 50 °C
Resolution 0.1°C
Accuracy ±0.1°C
Average Time Constant < 10 Sec.
12.6 IBP(Optional)
Label ART, PA, CVP, RAP, LAP, ICP, P1, P2

Measuring and alarm range
ART 0 ~ 300 mmHg
PA -6 ~ 120 mmHg
CVP/RAP/LAP/ICP -10 ~ 40 mmHg
P1/P2 -10 ~ 300 mmHg
Press Sensor
Sensitivity 5 uV/V/mmHg
Page 95 of 97
Impedance 300-3000Ω
Resolution 1 mmHg
Accuracy ±2% or ±1mmHg, which great
Page 96 of 97

EPM-50 Usermanual (V4.0)

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EPM-50 Usermanual (V4.0)

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Patient Monitor

Content of this manual is subject to changes without prior notice.

Responsibility on the manufacturer party

This monitor is not a device for treatment purpose.

Workmanship & Materials topplor

THIS WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,

Safety, Reliability and Performance

Caution Points to be noted to avoid damage to the equipment.

 For an overall introduction to the monitor, please refer to General Information.

Possible explosion hazard if used in the presence of flammable anesthetics.

1.1 General Information

EPM-50 Portable Patient Monitor performs monitoring of:

TEMP Temperature DATA

The screen is divided into three areas(See Figure 1-2):

Figure 1-2 Main Display

The messages and their meanings are:

pressed for more than 1 seconds.

 Alarm message is displayed at the right most area.

Parameters are displayed at a fixed position.

The above monitoring results are displayed in the Parameter Area.

1.3 Button Function

Figure 1-3 Buttons and Knob

Change the alarm voulme

appears from the screen.

selectable). In Alarm PAUSE status, a “ ” symbol appears in the Message Area.

At the left side is the recorder

① Socket for TEMP probe

！ This symbol means “BE CAREFUL". Refer to the manual.

Equipotential Grounding ： Equipotential grounding terminal for connection with the

FUSE:250V 1.6A fuse

Don’t pull off battery when the monitor is working.

■ Open the package and check

2.1 Open the Package and Check

■ Check for any mechanical damage.

If there is any problem, contact the distributor immediately.

2.2 Connect the Power Cables

Connection procedure of the AC power line:

2.3 Power on the Monitor

2.4 Connect Patient Sensors

2.5 Check the Recorder

■ New patient enrolment

Figure 3-1 SYSTEM MENU

3.1 Patient Information Setup

Pick "PATIENT MANAGE" in SYSTEM MENU to call up the following menu.

You can setup the following patient record:

DEPARTMENT Department in which the patient receives treatment.

D NO Patient bed number (Range: 1-200)

PACE Pace ON or OFF

NEW PATIENT Admission of new patient

Figure 3-3 NEW PATIENT Menu

3.2 Default Setup

Figure 3-4 CONFIRM SAVE DEFAULT CONFIG

3.3 Trend Function

Pick RECALL in the SYSTEM MENU, as shown in the figure below.

Figure 3-6 NIBP RECALL

Figure 3-7 Version

Figure 3-8 Monitor Info

3.5 Monitor Set

3.5.1 Alarm Limit

3.5.2 Length of Alarm Records

3.5.3 Time Setup

3.5.4 Mark Event

There are four types of events that you can define.

For an overall introduction to the monitor, please refer to General Information.

Alarm message is displayed at the right most area.

COMMON ALM SETUP

General information on recording

Continuous real-time recording