Solucionar.

5. Determine las raíces reales de

2 3 4 5
f ( x)=−26+ 82, 3 x−88 x + 45 , 4 x −9 x + 0 ,65 x usando el Método de la Regla
Falsa aproximar en el intervalo [0.5 , 1] con ξa= 0,1%

a=0,5
b=1
2 3 4 5
f ( 0,5 )=−26+82 ,3 ( 0,5 )−88 ( 0,5 ) + 45 , 4 ( 0,5 ) −9 ( 0,5 ) +0 , 65 ( 0,5 ) =−1,72734375
2 3 4 5
f ( 1 )=−26+ 82, 3 ( 1 )−88 ( 1 ) +45 , 4 ( 1 ) −9 ( 1 ) + 0 ,65 ( 1 ) =5,35

Entonces f ( 0,5 )∗f ( 1 ) =−1,72734375∗5,35=−9241289063<0 hay raíz.

f (1 ) [ 0,5−1 ] 5,35 [ −0,5 ]

x r =1− =1− =0,622033337
1
f ( 0,5 )−f (1 ) −1,72734375−5,35

Ahora,
f ( 0,5 )=−1,72734375 < 0
f ( 0,622033337 )=0,7985974421>0
f ( 1 )=5,35> 0
Entonces
a=0,5
b=0,622033337

f ( 0,622033337 ) [ 0,5−0,622033337 ]
x r =0,622033337− =0,5834514764
2
f ( 0,5 ) −f ( 0,622033337 )
Cálculo del error

|e|= |0,5834514764−0,622033337
0,5834514764
∗100 |=6,612

Ahora
f ( 0,5 )=−1,72734375< 0
f ( 0,5834514764 )=0.07965045442>0
f ( 0,622033337 )=0,7985974421>0

Entonces
a=0,5
b=0,5834514764

f ( 0,5834514764 ) [ 0,5−0,5834514764 ]
x r =0,5834514764− =0.5797730207
2
f ( 0,5 )−f ( 0,5834514764 )
Cálculo del error
 |e|= |0.5797730207−0,5834514764
0.5797730207
∗100 |=0.634464

Ahora
f ( 0,5 )=−1,72734375< 0
f ( 0.5797730207 )=0.008662830840>0
f ( 0,5834514764 )=0.07965045442>0

Entonces
a=0,5
b=0.5797730207

f ( 0.5797730207 ) [ 0,5−0.5797730207 ]
x r =0.5797730207− =0.579374946
3
f ( 0,5 ) −f ( 0.5797730207 )
Cálculo del error

|e|= |0.579374946−0.5797730207
0.579374946
∗100 |=0.068

Concluimos que la aproximación es 0.5797730207 , debido a que e=0.068 <0.1

6. Demostrar que f ( x )=x 3 +2 x2 – 6 tiene una raíz en [ 1,2 ] y utilizando

el Método de bisección determine una aproximación a la raíz con una
precisión de al menos 10−4 =0.0001

a=1
b=2

f ( x )=x 3 +2 x2 – 6

f ( 1 )=(1)3+2 (1)2 – 6=−3 <0

f ( 2 )=(2)3+ 2(2)2 – 6=10>0

2+1 3
xr = = =1.5
1
2 2
Entonces

f ( 1.5 ) =( 1.5 )3+ 2 ( 1.5 )2 – 6=1.875>0

Luego,
 f ( 1 )=−3< 0
f ( 1.5 ) =1.875>0
f ( 2 )=10>0

a=1
b=1.5

1.5+1 2.5
xr = = =1.25
2
2 2

|e|= |1.25−1.5
1.25
∗100 |=20

Entonces

f ( 1.25 ) =( 1.25 )3+ 2 ( 1.25 )2 – 6=−0.921875<0

Luego,

f ( 1 )=−3< 0
f ( 1.25 ) =−0.921875< 0
f ( 1.5 ) =1.875>0

a=1.25
b=1.5

1.25+1.5 2.75
xr = = =1.375
3
2 2

|e|= |1.375−1.25
1.375
∗100 |=9,090909

Entonces

f ( 1.375 ) =( 1.375 )3+ 2 ( 1.375 )2 – 6=0.380859375>0

Luego,

f ( 1.25 ) =−0.921875< 0
f ( 1.375 ) =0.380859375>0
f ( 1.5 ) =1.875>0
 a=1.25
b=1.375

1.25+1.375 2.625
xr = = =1.3125
4
2 2

|e|= |1.3125−1.375
1.3125
∗100 |=4.761904

Entonces
3 2
f ( 1.3125 )= ( 1.3125 ) + 2 ( 1.3125 ) – 6=−0.2937011719<0

Luego,

f ( 1.25 ) =−0.921875< 0
f ( 1.3125 )=−0.2937011719 <0
f ( 1.375 ) =0.380859375>0

a=1.3125
b=1.375

1.375+1.3125 2.6875
xr = = =1.34375
5
2 2

|e|= |1.34375−1.3125
1.34375
∗100 |=2.325581

Entonces
3 2
f ( 1.34375 ) =( 1.34375 ) + 2 ( 1.34375 ) – 6=0.03768920898>0

Luego,

f ( 1.25 ) =−0.921875< 0
f ( 1.3125 )=−0.2937011719 <0
f ( 1.34375 ) =0.03768920898>0

a=1.3125
b=1.34375

1.3125+1.34375
xr = =1.328125
6
2
 |e|= |1.328125−1.34375
1.328125
∗100 |=1.176470

Entonces
3 2
f ( 1.328125 )= ( 1.328125 ) + 2 ( 1.328125 ) – 6=−0.1294670105< 0

Luego,

f ( 1.3125 )=−0.2937011719 <0

f ( 1.328125 )=−0.1294670105< 0
f ( 1.34375 ) =0.03768920898>0

a=1.328125
b=1.34375

1.328125+1.34375
xr = =1.3359375
7
2

|e|= |1.3359375−1.328125
1.3359375
∗100 |=0.584795

Entonces

f ( 1.3359375 )= ( 1.3359375 )3+2 ( 1.3359375 )2 – 6=−0.04625558< 0

Luego,

f ( 1.328125 )=−0.1294670105< 0
f ( 1.3359375 )=−0.04625558< 0
f ( 1.34375 ) =0.03768920898>0

a=1.3359375
b=1.34375

1.3359375+1.34375
xr = =1.33984375
8
2

|e|= |1.33984375−1.3359375
1.33984375
∗100 |=0.291545

Entonces
 3 2
f ( 1.33984375 )= (1.33984375 ) +2 ( 1.33984375 ) – 6=−0.00437504<0

Luego,

f ( 1.3359375 )=−0.04625558< 0
f ( 1.33984375 )=−0.00437504 <0
f ( 1.34375 ) =0.03768920898>0

a=1.33984375
b=1.34375

1.33984375+1.34375
xr = =1.341796875
9
2

|e|= |1.341796875−1.33984375
1.341796875
∗100 |=0.14556040

Entonces
3 2
f ( 1.341796875 )= (1.341796875 ) +2 ( 1.341796875 ) – 6=0.01663409919>0

Luego,

f ( 1.33984375 )=−0.00437504 <0

f ( 1.341796875 )=0.01663409919> 0
f ( 1.34375 ) =0.03768920898>0

a=1.33984375
b=1.341796875

1.33984375+ 1.341796875
xr = =1.340820313
10
2

|e|= |1.340820313−1.341796875
1.340820313
∗100 |=0.072833174

Entonces

f ( 1.340820313 )= (1.340820313 )3 +2 ( 1.340820313 )2 – 6=0.006123791> 0

Luego,

f ( 1.33984375 )=−0.00437504 <0

f ( 1.340820313 )=0.006123791> 0
 f ( 1.341796875 )=0.01663409919> 0

a=1.33984375
b=1.340820313

1.33984375+1.340820313
xr = =1.340332032
11
2

|e|= |1.340332032−1.340820313
1.340332032
∗100 |=0.000364298

Concluimos que la raíz pedida es x=1.340332032.

2. Usar el Método de Punto Fijo para aproximar la raíz de

f ( x )=x 2−5 x−e x comenzando con x o=0 , con 5 iteraciones.

f ( x )=x 2−5 x−e x

Despejando
x 2−e x
=x
5
Entonces
x 2−e x
g ( x) =
5
Para
x 0=0
( 0 )2−e 0 −1
g ( x 0 )=g ( 0 ) = = =−0.2=x 1
5 5
Ahora,
(−0.2 )2−e−0.2
g ( x1 ) =g (−0.2 )= =−0.155746=x 2
5
(−0.155746 )2−e−0.155746
g ( x2 ) =g (−0.155746 )= =−0.166303=x 3
5
(−0.166303 )2−e−0.166303
g ( x3 ) =g (−0.166303 )= =−0.163826=x 4
5
(−0.163826 )2−e−0.163826
g ( x 4 )=g (−0.163826 ) = =−0.164410=x 5
5
Entonces
x 5=−0.164410
1. Desde su campo de formación plantee y de solución a dos ejemplos
sobre los tipos de errores (error absoluto, relativo, error relativo
aproximado, error por truncamiento y por redondeo), teniendo en
cuenta la precisión y exactitud de los mismos.

1. El terreno de una finca tiene como medida 48.495m se aproxima por Redondeo y Truncamiento

48∨495=48000
EA=|48.495−48000|=495 m

Error relativo

ER= | 48495
495
|=0,01020∗100=1.020
Truncamiento
48495−48000=495
495
e= =0,01020∗100=1.020
48495
Por redondeo

¿ 48495−49000∨¿ 505
505
e= =0,01041∗100=1,0413
48495
2. El terreno del parque del pueblo tiene como medida 1.287m se aproxima por Redondeo y
Truncamiento

1∨287=1000
EA=|1287−1000|=287 m

Error relativo

ER= |1287
287
|=0,2229∗100=22.2999
Truncamiento
1287−1000=287
 287
e= =0,2229∗100=22.2999
1287
Por redondeo

¿ 1287−2000∨¿ 713
713
e= =0.5540∗100=55.4001
1287