FOOTING DESIGN

FOR HEALTH CLUB

STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATION

Submitted Date
April 26, 2012
Table of Contents Page No.

1. Design of Footing F1 3

2. Design of Footing F2 13

3. Design of Footing F3 20

4. Design of Footing F4 27

5. Design of Grade Beam GB1 39

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Column Base Design : CORNER COLUMN

C15
Input Data

Base length A (m) 4.5

Base width B (m) 3.5 Unfactored Loads
Column(s) Col 1 Col 2 Load Col LF LF P Hx Hy Mx My
C (m) .7 Case no. ULS ULS (kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
D (m) .5 ovt
E (m) 1 1 1.5 1.4 225 171
F (m) 1 1.5 1.4 114 156
Stub column height X (m) 1.5 1 1.5 1.6 272 374
Base depth Y (m) .8
Soil cover Z (m) 1.35 2 1 1.5 1.4 225 171
Concrete density (kN/m3) 25 1 1.5 1.4 114 156
Soil density (kN/m3) 18 1 1.5 1.4 -219 -244
Soil friction angle (°) 22
Base friction constant 0.5 3 1 1.5 1.4 225 171
Rebar depth top X (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 114 156
Rebar depth top Y (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 -196 -234
Rebar depth bottom X (mm) 75
Rebar depth bottom Y (mm) 75 4 1 1.5 1.4 225 171
ULS ovt. LF: Self weight 0.9 1 1.5 1.4 114 156
ULS LF: Self weight 1.4 1 1.5 1.4 -253 -302
Max. SLS bearing pr. (kN/m²) 250
S.F. Overturning (ULS) 1 5 1 1.5 1.2 225 171
S.F. Slip (ULS) 1 1 1.5 1.2 114 156
fcu base (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 272 374
fcu columns (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 -219 -244
fy (MPa) 460
6 1 1.5 1.2 225 171
1 1.5 1.2 114 156
1 1.5 1.2 272 374
1 1.5 1.2 -196 -234

7 1 1.5 1.2 225 171

1 1.5 1.2 114 156
1 1.5 1.2 272 374
1 1.5 1.2 -253 -302

3 of 45
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Sketch of Base

BS8110 - 1997 Y

C1
X
D1
B

A
Y
Mx
P

Hx

X
Z

Output for Load Case 1

Output for Load Case 1
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 372.98
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 244.69
SF overturning (SLS) 1.83
SF overturning (ULS) 1.44
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.08
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 414.11
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 1372
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 65.41
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 217
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -111.35
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 369
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.380
vc (MPa) 0.386
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.062
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.289
vc (MPa) 0.376
Cost 6652.42

4 of 45
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Load Case:1 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

244.69 kN/m² 372.98 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 2

Output for Load Case 2
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 95.72
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 68.37
SF overturning (SLS) 9.69
SF overturning (ULS) 6.38
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 6.62
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 49.32
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 163
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 12.46
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 41
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -9.33
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 31
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.045
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.012
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.033
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 5796.56

5 of 45
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Load Case:2 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

68.37 kN/m² 95.72 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 3

Output for Load Case 3
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 100.49
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 71.78
SF overturning (SLS) 8.89
SF overturning (ULS) 5.94
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 6.03
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 56.54
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 187
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 14.76
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 49
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -9.17
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 30
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.051
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.014
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.038
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 5816.07

6 of 45
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Load Case:3 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

71.78 kN/m² 100.49 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 4

Output for Load Case 4
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 76.89
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 54.92
SF overturning (SLS) 30.85
SF overturning (ULS) 19.86
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 21.31
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 23.37
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 77
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 9.06
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 30
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.021
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.009
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.015
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 5736.44

7 of 45
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Load Case:4 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

54.92 kN/m² 76.89 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 5

Output for Load Case 5
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 200.31
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 161.65
SF overturning (SLS) 2.34
SF overturning (ULS) 1.74
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.68
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 194.33
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 644
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 34.05
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 113
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -82.09
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 272
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.178
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.032
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.133
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 6137.89

8 of 45
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Load Case:5 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

161.65 kN/m² 200.31 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 6

Output for Load Case 6
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 204.48
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 165.15
SF overturning (SLS) 2.34
SF overturning (ULS) 1.75
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.67
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 200.60
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 665
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 36.02
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 119
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -81.85
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 271
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.183
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.034
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.137
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 6154.78

9 of 45
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Load Case:6 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

165.15 kN/m² 204.48 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 7

Output for Load Case 7
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 183.00
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 145.88
SF overturning (SLS) 2.60
SF overturning (ULS) 1.91
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.88
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 170.90
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 566
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 31.14
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 103
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -70.78
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 235
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.156
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.029
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.116
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 6083.92

10 of 45
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Load Case:7 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

4.50 4.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.35

1.35
1.50 1.50

0.80 0.80

145.88 kN/m² 183.00 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

11 of 45
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Schematic reinforcement of Base

18Y20-C-200 ABR (T1) R10-H

18Y25-A-200 (B1) E G G G E

F F
F F
F F

E G G G E
SECTION: col1
col1

23Y20-D-200 ABR (T2)

23Y25-B-200 (B2)

PLAN

4Y32-E +
6Y32-F +
6Y32-G

3R10-H

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

SECTION

12 of 45
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Column Base Design : CORNER COLUMN-F2

C15
Input Data

Base length A (m) 3.6

Base width B (m) 3 Unfactored Loads
Column(s) Col 1 Col 2 Load Col LF LF P Hx Hy Mx My
C (m) .7 Case no. ULS ULS (kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
D (m) .5 ovt
E (m) 1 1 1.5 1.4 200 116
F (m) 1 1.5 1.4 95 102
Stub column height X (m) 1.2 1 1.5 1.6 228 243
Base depth Y (m) .7
Soil cover Z (m) 1.05 2 1 1.5 1.4 200 116
Concrete density (kN/m3) 25 1 1.5 1.4 95 102
Soil density (kN/m3) 18 1 1.5 1.4 -246 -244
Soil friction angle (°) 22
Base friction constant 0.5 3 1 1.5 1.4 200 116
Rebar depth top X (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 95 102
Rebar depth top Y (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 -109 -127
Rebar depth bottom X (mm) 75
Rebar depth bottom Y (mm) 75 4 1 1.5 1.2 200 116
ULS ovt. LF: Self weight 0.9 1 1.5 1.2 95 102
ULS LF: Self weight 1.4 1 1.5 1.2 228 243
Max. SLS bearing pr. (kN/m²) 250 1 1.5 1.2 -246 -244
S.F. Overturning (ULS) 1
S.F. Slip (ULS) 1 5 1 1.5 1.2 200 116
fcu base (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 95 102
fcu columns (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 228 243
fy (MPa) 460 1 1.5 1.2 -109 -127

Sketch of Base

BS8110 - 1997 Y

C1
X
D1
B

A
Y

Mx
P

Hx

X
Z

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Output for Load Case 1

Output for Load Case 1
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 365.31
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 241.11
SF overturning (SLS) 1.89
SF overturning (ULS) 1.56
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.13
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 254.09
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 977
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 56.65
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 218
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -52.99
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 204
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.323
vc (MPa) 0.362
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.070
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.223
vc (MPa) 0.360
Cost 3908.40

Load Case:1 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.00

3.00

0.50 0.50

3.60 3.60
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.70 0.70

241.11 kN/m² 365.31 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

14 of 45
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Output for Load Case 2

Output for Load Case 2
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 68.49
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 48.92
SF overturning (SLS) 16.25
SF overturning (ULS) 10.46
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 11.77
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 15.41
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 59
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 5.36
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 21
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -1.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 4
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.019
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.007
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.011
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 3435.84

Load Case:2 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.00

3.00

0.50 0.50

3.60 3.60
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.70 0.70

48.92 kN/m² 68.49 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 3

Output for Load Case 3
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 112.92
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 80.66
SF overturning (SLS) 6.07
SF overturning (ULS) 4.42
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 4.12
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 54.58
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 210
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 19.23
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 74
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -2.83
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 11
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.068
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.024
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.046
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 3522.28

Load Case:3 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.00

3.00

0.50 0.50

3.60 3.60
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.70 0.70

80.66 kN/m² 112.92 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 4

Output for Load Case 4
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 158.58
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 126.05
SF overturning (SLS) 2.94
SF overturning (ULS) 2.25
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 2.15
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 91.56
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 352
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 24.44
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 94
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -25.79
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 99
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.115
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.030
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.078
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 3591.03

Load Case:4 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.00

3.00

0.50 0.50

3.60 3.60
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.70 0.70

126.05 kN/m² 158.58 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 5

Output for Load Case 5
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 217.28
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 177.12
SF overturning (SLS) 2.30
SF overturning (ULS) 1.85
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.60
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 140.62
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 541
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 36.33
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 140
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -39.44
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 152
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.177
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.045
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.120
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 3690.36

Load Case:5 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.00

3.00

0.50 0.50

3.60 3.60
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.70 0.70

177.12 kN/m² 217.28 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Schematic reinforcement of Base

15Y20-C-200 ABR (T1) R10-H

15Y20-A-200 (B1) E G E

F F

E G E
SECTION: col1
col1

19Y20-D-200 ABR (T2)

19Y20-B-200 (B2)

PLAN

4Y32-E +
2Y32-F +
2Y25-G

3R10-H

B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B

SECTION

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Column Base Design : CORNER COLUMN-F3

C15
Input Data

Base length A (m) 1.7

Base width B (m) 1.5 Unfactored Loads
Column(s) Col 1 Col 2 Load Col LF LF P Hx Hy Mx My
C (m) .7 Case no. ULS ULS (kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
D (m) .5 ovt
E (m) 1 1 1.5 1.4 95 4
F (m) 1 1.5 1.4 18 6
Stub column height X (m) 1.2 1 1.5 1.6 43 13
Base depth Y (m) .4
Soil cover Z (m) 1.05 2 1 1.5 1.4 95 4
Concrete density (kN/m3) 25 1 1.5 1.4 18 6
Soil density (kN/m3) 18 1 1.5 1.4 -48 -21
Soil friction angle (°) 22
Base friction constant 0.5 3 1 1.5 1.4 95 4
Rebar depth top X (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 18 6
Rebar depth top Y (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 -56 -6
Rebar depth bottom X (mm) 75
Rebar depth bottom Y (mm) 75 4 1 1.5 1.2 95 4
ULS ovt. LF: Self weight 0.9 1 1.5 1.2 18 6
ULS LF: Self weight 1.4 1 1.5 1.2 43 13
Max. SLS bearing pr. (kN/m²) 250 1 1.5 1.2 -48 -21
S.F. Overturning (ULS) 1
S.F. Slip (ULS) 1 5 1 1.5 1.2 15 4
fcu base (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 18 6
fcu columns (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 43 13
fy (MPa) 460 1 1.5 1.2 -56 -6

Sketch of Base

BS8110 - 1997 Y

C1
X
D1
B

A
Y
Mx
P

Hx

X
Z

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Output for Load Case 1

Output for Load Case 1
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 208.66
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 142.52
SF overturning (SLS) 5.40
SF overturning (ULS) 4.68
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 5.67
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 19.13
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 141
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 11.39
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 84
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.084
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.050
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) N.A.
vc (MPa) N.A.
Cost 481.58

Load Case:1 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
1.50

1.50

0.50 0.50

1.70 1.70
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.40 0.40

142.52 kN/m² 208.66 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 2

Output for Load Case 2
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 112.38
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 80.27
SF overturning (SLS) 6.89
SF overturning (ULS) 5.39
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 8.41
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 8.15
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 60
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 4.73
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 35
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.036
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.021
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) N.A.
vc (MPa) N.A.
Cost 468.53

Load Case:2 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
1.50

1.50

0.50 0.50

1.70 1.70
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.40 0.40

80.27 kN/m² 112.38 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 3

Output for Load Case 3
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 86.29
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 61.63
SF overturning (SLS) 17.87
SF overturning (ULS) 13.75
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 22.12
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 5.42
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 40
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 4.18
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 31
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.023
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.019
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) N.A.
vc (MPa) N.A.
Cost 466.10

Load Case:3 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
1.50

1.50

0.50 0.50

1.70 1.70
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.40 0.40

61.63 kN/m² 86.29 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 4

Output for Load Case 4
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 98.73
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 77.20
SF overturning (SLS) 49.29
SF overturning (ULS) 41.05
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 61.99
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 7.15
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 53
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 6.62
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 49
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.030
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.029
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) N.A.
vc (MPa) N.A.
Cost 469.19

Load Case:4 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
1.50

1.50

0.50 0.50

1.70 1.70
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.40 0.40

77.20 kN/m² 98.73 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Output for Load Case 5

Output for Load Case 5
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 97.17
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 75.91
SF overturning (SLS) 3.05
SF overturning (ULS) 2.08
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 4.70
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 5.98
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 44
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 1.44
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 11
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -3.09
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 23
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.027
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.006
vc (MPa) 0.376
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) N.A.
vc (MPa) N.A.
Cost 464.49

Load Case:5 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
1.50

1.50

0.50 0.50

1.70 1.70
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05

1.20 1.20

0.40 0.40

75.91 kN/m² 97.17 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Schematic reinforcement of Base

8Y16-C-200 ABR (T1)

R10-H
8Y16-A-200 (B1) E G E

F F

E G E
col1 SECTION: col1

9Y16-D-200 ABR (T2)

9Y16-B-200 (B2)

PLAN

4Y20-E +
2Y20-F +
2Y20-G

3R10-H

B B B B B B B B B

SECTION

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Column Base Design : CORNER COLUMN-F4

C15
Input Data

Base length A (m) 3.50

Base width B (m) 3.50 Unfactored Loads
Column(s) Col 1 Col 2 Load Col LF LF P Hx Hy Mx My
C (m) .7 Case no. ULS ULS (kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
D (m) .5 ovt
E (m) 1 1 1.5 1.4 120 24
F (m) 1 1.5 1.4 44 28
Stub column height X (m) 1.2 1 1.5 1.6 105 66
Base depth Y (m) 0.50
Soil cover Z (m) 1.05 2 1 1.5 1.4 120 24
Concrete density (kN/m3) 25 1 1.5 1.4 44 28
Soil density (kN/m3) 18 1 1.5 1.4 -122 -84
Soil friction angle (°) 22
Base friction constant 0.5 3 1 1.5 1.4 120 24
Rebar depth top X (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 44 28
Rebar depth top Y (mm) 75 1 1.5 1.4 -129 -68
Rebar depth bottom X (mm) 75
Rebar depth bottom Y (mm) 75 4 1 1.5 1.2 120 24
ULS ovt. LF: Self weight 0.9 1 1.5 1.2 44 28
ULS LF: Self weight 1.4 1 1.5 1.2 105 66
Max. SLS bearing pr. (kN/m²) 250 1 1.5 1.2 -122 -84
S.F. Overturning (ULS) 1
S.F. Slip (ULS) 1 5 1 1.5 1.2 120 24
fcu base (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 44 28
fcu columns (MPa) 30 1 1.5 1.2 105 66
fy (MPa) 460 1 1.5 1.2 -129 -68

6 1 1.5 1.4 120 24

1 1.5 1.4 44 28
1 1.5 1.4 -207 -179 95

7 1 1.5 1.4 120 24

1 1.5 1.4 44 28
1 1.5 1.4 -214 -163 95

8 1 1.5 1.2 120 24

1 1.5 1.2 44 28
1 1.5 1.2 105 66
1 1.5 1.2 -207 -179 -95

9 1 1.5 1.2 120 24

1 1.5 1.2 44 28
1 1.5 1.2 105 66
1 1.5 1.2 -214 -163 -95

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Sketch of Base

BS8110 - 1997 Y

C1
X
B D1

A
Y

Mx
P

Hx

X
Z

Output for Load Case 1

Output for Load Case 1
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 119.29
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 81.74
SF overturning (SLS) 5.74
SF overturning (ULS) 4.38
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 3.14
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 62.72
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 355
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 37.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 209
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.146
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.081
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.120
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 3027.33

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Load Case:1 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

81.74 kN/m² 119.29 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 2

Output for Load Case 2
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 59.86
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 42.76
SF overturning (SLS) 13.85
SF overturning (ULS) 8.85
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 8.74
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 12.79
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 72
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 5.90
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 33
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -2.52
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 14
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.030
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.013
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.023
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2807.06

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Load Case:2 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

42.76 kN/m² 59.86 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 3

Output for Load Case 3
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 53.73
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 38.38
SF overturning (SLS) 27.25
SF overturning (ULS) 17.25
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 17.25
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 8.18
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 46
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 5.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 28
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.019
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.011
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.014
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2792.08

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Load Case:3 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

38.38 kN/m² 53.73 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 4

Output for Load Case 4
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 68.51
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 51.80
SF overturning (SLS) 16.21
SF overturning (ULS) 11.51
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 11.03
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 21.52
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 122
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 16.69
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 94
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.050
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.037
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.041
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2860.12

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Load Case:4 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

51.80 kN/m² 68.51 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 5

Output for Load Case 5
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 72.39
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 55.04
SF overturning (SLS) 10.88
SF overturning (ULS) 7.68
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 7.43
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 24.13
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 136
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 15.92
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 90
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 0
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 0.00
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 0
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.056
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.035
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.046
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2865.11

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Load Case:5 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

55.04 kN/m² 72.39 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 6

Output for Load Case 6
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 122.76
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 87.69
SF overturning (SLS) 2.24
SF overturning (ULS) 1.23
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.66
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) 5.42
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 31.27
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 177
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 25.56
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 145
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -29.62
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 167
Design moment Y (kNm/m) -24.58
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 139
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.072
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.055
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.058
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2910.75

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Load Case:6 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

87.69 kN/m² 122.76 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 7

Output for Load Case 7
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 114.04
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 81.46
SF overturning (SLS) 2.39
SF overturning (ULS) 1.29
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 1.78
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) 4.66
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 25.79
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 146
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 24.25
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 137
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -26.81
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 152
Design moment Y (kNm/m) -25.80
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 146
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.060
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.056
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.048
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2892.27

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Load Case:7 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

81.46 kN/m² 114.04 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 8

Output for Load Case 8
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 95.00
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 74.79
SF overturning (SLS) 4.11
SF overturning (ULS) 2.69
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 3.20
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 18.89
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 107
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 29.11
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 165
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -6.12
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 35
Design moment Y (kNm/m) -14.45
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 82
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.044
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.063
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.050
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2886.73

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Load Case:8 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

74.79 kN/m² 95.00 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

Output for Load Case 9

Output for Load Case 9
Soil pressure (ULS) (kN/m²) 89.75
Soil pressure (SLS) (kN/m²) 69.51
SF overturning (SLS) 4.34
SF overturning (ULS) 2.82
Safety Factor slip (ULS) 3.37
Safety Factor uplift (ULS) >100
Bottom
Design moment X (kNm/m) 14.94
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 84
Design moment Y (kNm/m) 28.34
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 160
Top
Design moment X (kNm/m) -3.51
Reinforcement X (mm²/m) 20
Design moment Y (kNm/m) -15.22
Reinforcement Y (mm²/m) 86
Linear Shear X (MPa) 0.035
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Y (MPa) 0.061
vc (MPa) 0.357
Linear Shear Other (MPa) 0.000
Punching Shear (MPa) 0.049
vc (MPa) 0.357
Cost 2873.89

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Load Case:9 Legend

Max M (+)
BS8110 - 1997 Y Y Max M (-)
Max Shear

0.70 0.70
X X
3.50

3.50
0.50 0.50

3.50 3.50
Y Y

Mx Mx
P P

Hx Hx
1.05

1.05
1.20 1.20
0.50 0.50

69.51 kN/m² 89.75 kN/m²

Soil Pressures at SLS Soil Pressures at ULS

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Schematic reinforcement of Base

18Y16-C-200 ABR (T1) R10-H

18Y16-A-200 (B1) E G G E

F F
F F

E G G E
SECTION: col1
col1

18Y16-D-200 ABR (T2)

18Y16-B-200 (B2)

PLAN
4Y20-E +
4Y20-F +
4Y20-G

3R10-H

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB

SECTION

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RC BEAM DESIGN (BS8110);CONCRETE RECTANGULAR BEAM DESIGN (CL 3.4.4.4)

BEAM DEFINITION
; Beam width; b = 300 mm
; Overall beam depth ; h = 600 mm

; Nominal cover to all reinforcement including links; cnom = 75 mm

; Tension bar diameter (try); Dtry = 32 mm
; Link bar diameter (try if applicable); Ldia_try = 10 mm
Depth to tension steel; d = h - cnom - Ldia_try - Dtry/2 = 499 mm

; Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 460 N/mm2

; Characteristic strength of concrete; fcu = 30 N/mm2

; Clear span of beam; L = 9500 mm

The beam is not a deep beam - calculations OK

BS8110 - DESIGN MOMENTS AND SHEARS (SAGGING)

M = 180.0 kNm
V = 100.0 kN

CONCRETE RECTANGULAR BEAM COMPRESSION STEEL REQUIRED? (CL 3.4.4.4)

Calculations also valid for flanged beams with neutral axis in flange
; Design ultimate moment; M = 180 kNm
; Moment redistribution factor; βb = 1.00
Reinforcement required
;;; K = abs(M) / ( b × d2 × fcu ) = 0.080

K' = min (0.156 , (0.402 × (βb - 0.4)) - (0.18 × (βb - 0.4)2 )) = 0.156
Compression steel not required

Beam requiring tension steel only

;; z = min (( 0.95 × d),(d×(0.5+√(0.25-K/0.9)))) = 450 mm
;;; As_req = abs(M) / (1/γms × fy × z) = 914 mm2
Tension steel

;;Use 3 No. 32 dia bar(s); As_prov = Ast = 2410 mm2

Area of tension steel
provided sufficient

Check min and max areas of tension steel

Total area of concrete; Ac = b × h = 180000 mm2

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; Minimum percentage of tension steel; kt = 0.13 %

Ast_min = kt × Ac = 234 mm2
Ast_max = 4 % × Ac = 7200 mm2
;Area of tension steel provided; As_prov = 2410 mm2
Area of tension steel
provided OK

NOTIONAL COMPRESSION STEEL;;

;Provide 1 No. 6 dia bar(s); As'prov = Asc = 28 mm2

SHEAR RESISTANCE OF CONCRETE BEAMS CLOSE TO SUPPORTS - AV < 2D (CL 3.4.5.8)

; Length of member traversed by a shear failure plane; av = 500 mm
;; Breadth of beam (average web width of flanged section); bv = 300 mm
av < 2d - calculations valid
2
; Effective area of tension reinforcement - at section x-x; As_shear = 2410 mm
; Design ultimate shear force; V = 100 kN
Applied shear stress
v = V / (bv × d) = 0.668 N/mm2
Check shear stress to clause 3.4.5.2
vallowable = min ((0.8 N1/2/mm) × √(fcu ), 5 N/mm2 ) = 4.382 N/mm2
Shear stress OK
Shear stresses to clause 3.4.5.4
It is assumed that nominal shear reinforcement is provided and reinforcement provided by bent up bars is not considered.
Design shear stress
vc = 1.57 N/mm2
0.5 × vc = 0.79 N/mm2
Applied shear stress; v = 0.67 N/mm2
Note - shear reinforcement not necessarily required - provide nominal links
The shear stress component resisted by shear reinforcement
vsv = max (abs(v) - vc , 0.4 N/mm2 ) = 0.400 N/mm2
Reinforcement Requirements
; Characteristic strength of shear reinforcement; fyv = 460 N/mm2
The link requirements will be determined allowing for the code requirement that the calculated reinforcement should be
provided within the middle three-quarters of the length av.
cl. 3.4.5.9

;Estimated ratio; Asv_to_sv_reqd = bv × vsv/ (0.95 × fyv × 0.75) = 0.366 mm

Define Links Provided;;
Provide 10 dia links in 2s @ 200 centres;
Ratio provided; Asv_to_sv = 1.571 mm ; Link spacing; sv = 200 mm ; Link diameter; Ldia = 10 mm

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No of links in each group; Ln = 2 ; Area of steel per link group; Asv = 314 mm2
Check that the chosen link spacing provides sufficient total steel within the middle three-quarters of av:
Asv_reqd = av × bv × vsv / (0.95 × fyv) = 137 mm2
No. of link groups within middle three-quarters of length av; Ng = Quotient( 0.75 × av, sv ) = 1

Asv_prov = Ng × Asv = 314 mm2

Area of shear steel provided sufficient

SPACING OF SHEAR LINKS (CL 3.4.5.5)

; Shear steel; Link spacing; sv = 200 mm
; Max spacing; slimit = 0.75 × d = 374.3 mm
Shear link spacing OK

CONCRETE BEAM DEFLECTION CHECK (CL 3.4.6)

; Design ultimate moment; M = 180 kNm
Modification Factors
;Basic span / effective depth ratio (Table 3.10); ratiospan_depth = 20
The modification factor for spans in excess of 10m (ref. cl 3.4.6.4) has not been included.
;fs = fy × As_req / (1.4 × γms × As_prov × βb ) = 118.7 N/mm2
factortens = min ( 2 , 0.55 + ( 477 N/mm2 - fs ) / ( 120 × ( 0.9 N/mm2 + abs(M) / (b×d2)))) = 1.452
factorcomp = min ( 1.5 , 1 + (100×As'prov/(b×d)) / (3 + (100×As'prov/(b×d)))) = 1.006
Calculate Maximum Span
This is a simplified approach and further attention should be given where special circumstances exist. Refer to clauses
3.4.6.4 and 3.4.6.7.
Maximum span; Lmax = ratiospan_depth × factortens × factorcomp × d = 14.58 m
Check the actual beam span
Actual span/depth ratio; L / d = 19.04
Span depth limit; ratiospan_depth × factortens × factorcomp = 29.23
Span/Depth ratio check
satisfied

CLEAR DISTANCE BETWEEN BARS IN TENSION (CL 3.12.11.2.4)

ACTUAL CLEAR DISTANCE BETWEEN TENSION BARS

; Diameter of tension bars; Dt = 32 mm
; Number of tension bars; Lnt = 3
; Diameter of shear links; Ldia = 10 mm
Nominal cover
Nominal cover to steel (links if present); cnom = h - d - Dt/2 - Ldia = 75 mm
Actual clear distance
Clear distance between bars; spacingbars = ( b - 2×( cnom + Ldia) - Dt ) / (Lnt - 1) - Dt = 17.0 mm
Calculate maximum allowable clear distance

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Tension steel
; Characteristic strength of reinforcement; fy = 460 N/mm2
; Moment Redistribution Factor; βb = 1.00
Approx Service Stress
; fs = fy × As_req / (1.4 × γms× As_prov × βb ) = 118.7 N/mm2
Maximum allowable clear distance between tension bars;
spacingmax = min ((47000 N/mm) / fs , 300 mm) = 300 mm
Max distance between bars check - OK
Minimum clear distance between tension bars
; Assumed aggregate size; hagg = 20 mm
spacingmin = hagg + 5 mm = 25 mm
Min distance between bars check - NOT Satisfied

CLEAR DISTANCE BETWEEN FACE OF BEAM AND NEAREST LONGITUDINAL BAR IN TENSION (CL 3.12.11.2.5)
Distance from tension bar to face of beam
Distface = cnom + Ldia + Dt/2 = 101.0 mm
Distmax = spacingmax / 2 = 150.0 mm
Max distance to beam face check - OK

CHECK OF NOMINAL COVER - (BS8110:PT 1, TABLE 3.4)

; Diameter of tension reinforcement; Dt = 32 mm
; Diameter of links; Ldia = 10 mm
Cover to tension reinforcement
cten = h - d - Dt / 2 = 85.0 mm
Nominal cover to links steel
cnom = cten - Ldia = 75.0 mm
Permissable minimum nominal cover to all reinforcement (Table 3.4)
; cmin = 35 mm
Cover OK

SERVICEABILITY LIMIT STATE - CRACKING OF BEAMS

(BS8110:Pt 2, Cl. 3.8 & BS8007 Cl 2.6 & Appendix B)
; Design serviceability moment; MSLS = 120 kNm
; Diameter of links; Ldia = 10 mm
; Diameter of tension reinforcement; Dt = 32 mm
; Number of tension reinforcement bars; Lnt = 3
Area of tension reinforcement; Ast = π × Dt2 /4 × Lnt = 2413 mm2
Cover to tension reinforcement
cten = h - d - Dt / 2 = 85.0 mm

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cnom = cten - Ldia = 75.0 mm

Tension bar centres
barcrs = (b - 2×(cnom + Ldia) - Dt ) / (Lnt - 1) = 49.0 mm

MODULAR RATIO
Modulus of elasticity for reinforcement; Es = 200 kN/mm2
BS8110:Pt 1:Cl 2.5.4

Modulus of elasticity for concrete (half the instanteneous)

Ec = ((20 kN/mm2) + 200×fcu) / 2 = 13 kN/mm2
BS8110:Pt 2:Equation 17

Modular ratio; m = Es / Ec = 15.385

NEUTRAL AXIS POSITION

For equilibrium; Fst equates Fc
Therefore: m × Ast × [ fc×(d-x)/x ] equates to 0.5 × fc × b × x
Solving for x gives the position of the neutral axis in the section:-
x = d × [ -1×Es×Ast/(Ec×b×d) + √( Es×Ast/(Ec×b×d) × (2+Es×Ast/(Ec×b×d)))] = 248.8 mm
Depth of concrete in compression
x = 248.8 mm

CONCRETE AND STEEL STRESSES

The serviceability limit state moment; MSLS = 120 kNm
Taking moments about the centreline of the reinforcement:-
Moment of resistance of concrete is 0.5 × fc × b × x × (d - x/3)
Solving for concrete stress fc gives;
fc = 2 × abs(MSLS) / ( b × x × (d - x/3)) = 7.73 N/mm2

Allowable stress; 0.45 × fcu = 13.50 N/mm2

Concrete stress OK
Taking moments about the centre of action of the concrete force:-
Moment of resistance of steel is fst × As × (d - x/3)
Solving for steel stress fst gives;
fst = abs(MSLS) / ( Ast × (d - x/3)) = 119.54 N/mm2

CONCRETE AND STEEL STRAINS

Strain in the reinforcement
×10-6
εs = fst / Es = 597.7×
Allowable steel strain; 0.8 × fy / Es = 1.840×
×10-3
Steel strain OK
BS8007:App B.4

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; Allowable crack width; CrackAllowable = 0.2 mm

BS8007:Cl 2.2.3.3

Factor for stiffening based on limiting crack width

factor = if(CrackAllowable >= (0.2 mm), (1.0 N/mm2), (1.5 N/mm2)) = 1 N/mm2
Breadth of tension face; bt = b = 300 mm
Strain in the concrete at the level at which crack widths are required
Tension face of beam
Level of crack; a'1 = h = 600 mm
ε11 = εs × (a'1 - x)/(d - x) = 839.0×
×10-6
Strain in the concrete at the level at which crack width is required adjusted for stiffening of the concrete tension zone
εm1 = min( ε11 ,max(0 , ε11 - [ factor × bt× (h - x) × (a'1 - x) / (3×Es× Ast ×(d - x))])) = 736.8×
×10-6
BS8007:App B.3

Distance from tension bar to crack in tension face between tension bars
acrt1 = √ ( (barcrs/2)2 + (cnom + Ldia + Dt/2)2) - Dt/2 = 87.9 mm
Distance from tension bar to crack in tension face at corner of beam
acrt2 = √(2) × (cnom + Ldia + Dt/2 ) - Dt/2 = 126.8 mm
Critical distance from tension bar
acr1 = max(acrt1, acrt2 ) = 126.8 mm
Design crack width in tension face
Crackdesign1 = 3 × acr1 × εm1 /(1 + 2×(acr1 - cten)/(h - x)) = 0.226 mm
BS8007:App B.2

Side of beam mid way between NA and tension steel

Level of crack; a'2 = x + (d - x)/2 = 374 mm
ε12 = εs × (a'2 - x)/(d - x) = 298.9×
×10-6
Strain in the concrete at the level at which crack width is required adjusted for stiffening of the concrete tension zone
εm2 = min( ε12 , max(0 , ε12 - [ factor × bt× (h - x) × (a'2 - x) / (3×Es× Ast ×(d - x))])) = 262.5×
×10-6
BS8007:App B.3

Distance from tension bar to crack in side face mid way between NA and tension steel
acr2 = √( ((d - x)/2)2 + (cnom + Ldia + Dt/2)2) - Dt/2 = 144.8 mm
Design crack width in side of beam
Crackdesign2 = 3 × acr2 × εm2 /(1 + 2×(acr2 - cten)/(h - x)) = 0.085 mm
BS8007:App B.2

Design crack width

Crackdesign = max(Crackdesign1 , Crackdesign2 ) = 0.226 mm
Max allowable crack width
CrackAllowable = 0.20 mm
BS8007:Cl 2.2.3.3

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Allowable crack width exceeded - FAIL

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