Waveguides Types - Electromagnetic Theory

Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

by staff10

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Types of Waveguides”.

1. The phenomenon employed in the waveguide operation is

a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Total internal reflection
d) Adsorption
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The waveguides use total internal reflection phenomenon to transmit the waves
passing through it. Thus the acceptance angle and critical angle are important for effective
transmission.

2. The dominant mode in waveguide is the mode which has

a) Highest frequency
b) Highest wavelength
c) Lowest phase constant
d) Highest attenuation
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The dominant mode is the mode which has the minimum frequency or maximum
wavelength available for propagation of the waves.

3. The modes are calculated from which parameter?

a) Frequency
b) Wavelength
c) Phase constant
d) V number
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The modes are calculated from the V number of the waveguides. It is given by M=
V2/2.

4. The circular waveguides use which function in the frequency calculation?

a) Laplace function
b) Schottky function
c) Bessel function
d) Transfer function
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The circular or cylindrical waveguides use the Bessel function for the frequency
calculation of a particular mode.

5. The scattering parameters are used to indicate the

a) Permittivity and permeability
b) Electric and magnetic field intensities
c) Reflection and transmission coefficients
d) Frequency and wavelength
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The scattering matrix consists of the transmission coefficients in the main diagonal
and the reflection coefficients in the opposite diagonal.

6. Which of the following two parameter models cannot be used to represent a transmission line?
a) H parameter model
b) T parameter model
c) ABCD parameter model
d) S parameter model
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The T, ABCD and S parameter models are used in the transmission line modelling.
The h parameter is not used for the same.

7. For the matched line, the parameters S12 and S21 are
a) 1
b) 0
c) -1
d) ∞
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The parameters S12 and S21 are the reflection coefficients. For a matched line, the
reflection coefficients are zero. Thus the parameters S12 and S21 are also zero.

8. The waveguides are materials with characteristics of

a) Low bulk resistivity
b) High bulk resistivity
c) High conductivity
d) Low conductivity
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Generally, the waveguides are made of materials with low bulk resistivity like
brass, copper, silver etc. But if the interior walls are properly plated, it is possible with poor
conductivity materials too. It is even possible to make plastic waveguides.

9. The parameters S11 and S22 indicate the transmission coefficients. State true/false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In a scattering matrix, the parameters S11 and S22 indicate the transmission
coefficients and the parameters S21 and S12 indicate the reflection coefficients.

10. The waveguides increase the transmission of the electromagnetic waves. State true/false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The waveguides aid in effective transmission of the electromagnetic power from
the source antenna to the destination antenna.

Waveguides Properties - Electromagnetic

Theory Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
by staff10

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Properties of Waveguides”.

1. The waveguide is employed in the transmission lines, when operated at the range of
a) Hz
b) KHz
c) MHz
d) GHz
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Waveguides are employed for effective transmission, when the lines carry
electromagnetic waves in the GHz range.
2. The cut off frequency for a waveguide to operate is
a) 3 MHz
b) 3 GHz
c) 6 MHz
d) 6 GHz
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The cut off frequency of the waveguide is 6 GHz. This is the frequency at which
the waveguide will start to operate.

3. In rectangular waveguides, the dimensions a and b represent the

a) Broad wall dimensions
b) Broad wall and side wall dimension respectively
c) Side wall and broad wall dimension respectively
d) Side wall dimensions
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: In rectangular waveguide, the a parameter is the broad wall dimension of the
waveguide and the b parameter is the side wall dimension of the waveguide. Always, a > b in a
waveguide.

4. The Bessel function is denoted by

a) Jn(ha)
b) Jm(ha)
c) Jn(hb)
d) Jm(hb)
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The Bessel function is used in the circular waveguides. Normally Jn(ha) = 0. Here n
is the order of the Bessel function.

5. In a waveguide, always which condition holds good?

a) phase velocity = c
b) phase velocity greater than c
c) phase velocity lesser than c
d) group velocity = c
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: In air medium, the phase velocity is assumed to be the speed of light. For
waveguides, the phase velocity is always greater than the speed of the light.
6. The group wavelength is greater than the wavelength at any point. State true/false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In a waveguide, the phase velocity is greater than the velocity of light. Thus the
group velocity will be less. This implies the group wavelength will be greater than the
wavelength at any point.

7. Find the group wavelength of a wave, given that the group phase constant is 6.28 units.
a) 2
b) 3.14
c) 6.28
d) 1
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The group wavelength is given by λg = 2π/βg, where βg is the group wavelength of
the wave. On substituting for βg = 6.28, we get group wavelength as unity.

8. The phase velocity of a wave with frequency of 15 radian/sec and group phase constant of 2
units is
a) 30
b) 15
c) 7.5
d) 2/15
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The phase velocity of a wave is given by Vp = ω/βg. on substituting for ω = 15 and
βg = 2, we get phase velocity as 15/2 = 7.5 units.

9. The modes in a material having a V number of 20 is

a) 20
b) 400
c) 200
d) 100
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The relation between the modes and the V number is given by m = v2/2. Given that
v = 20, we get m = 202/2 = 200 modes.

10. The number of modes is given as 50, find the V number.

a) 5
b) 10
c) 50
d) 2500
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The relation between the modes and the V number is given by m = v2/2. Given that
m = 50, we get v2 = 2 x 50 = 100. The V number is 10.

Cut-off Frequency & Wavelength -

Electromagnetic Theory Questions and
Answers - Sanfoundry
by staff10

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Cut off Frequency and Wavelength”.

1. The real part of the propagation constant is the

a) Attenuation constant
b) Phase constant
c) Permittivity
d) Permeability
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The propagation constant is given by γ = α + jβ. Here the real part is the attenuation
constant and the imaginary part is the phase constant.

2. The phase constant of a wave is given by

a) ω√(LC)
b) ω√(L/C)
c) ω√(C/L)
d) ω√(1/LC)
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The phase constant of a wave in a transmission line is given by β = ω√(LC), where
L and C are the specifications of the line.

3. The cut off frequency of the dominant mode in a TE wave in the line having a and b as 2.5 cm
and 1 cm respectively is
a) 4.5 GHz
b) 5 GHz
c) 5.5 GHz
d) 6 GHz
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The dominant mode in TE is TE10. The cut off frequency will be mc/2a, where m =
1 and a = 0.025 are given. On substituting, we get the frequency as 1 x 3 x 108/2 x 0.025 = 6
GHz.

4. The cut off frequency of the TE01 mode will be

a) mc/2a
b) mc/2b
c) nc/2a
d) nc/2b
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The cut off frequency consists of modes m and n. For m = 0, the dimension b will
be considered. Thus the frequency is nc/2b, where c is the speed of the light.

5. The condition which will satisfy the dimensions of the waveguide is

a) a = b
b) a > b
c) a < b
d) ab = 0
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The dimensions a and b represent the broad wall and the side wall dimensions
respectively. The broad wall will be greater than the side wall. Thus the condition a>b is true.

6. The cut off wavelength of the TE10 mode having a broad wall dimension of 5cm is
a) 0.1
b) 1
c) 10
d) 0.01
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The cut off wavelength of the waveguide is given by λc = 2a/m. on substituting for
a = 0.05 and m = 1, we get λc = 2 x 0.05/1 = 0.1 units.

7. The broad wall dimension of a waveguide having a cut off frequency of 7.5 GHz is
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The cut off frequency and the broad wall dimension are related by fc = mc/2a. On
substituting for m = 1 and fc = 7.5 GHz, we get a = 0.02 or 2 cm.

8. The sin θ in the waveguide refers to the ratio of the

a) Frequency to wavelength
b) Wavelength to frequency
c) Cut off frequency to frequency
d) Frequency to cut off frequency
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The ratio of the cut off frequency to the frequency at any point gives the sin θ in a
waveguide.

9. Is the transmission of a frequency 5 GHz possible in waveguides?

a) Yes
b) No
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The cut off frequency for waveguide operation is 6 GHz. Thus a wave of 5 GHz is
not possible for transmission in a waveguide.

10. The dimension for a waveguide in dominant mode with a cut off wavelength of 2 units is
a) 2
b) 4
c) 6
d) 8
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The cut off wavelength of a waveguide is given by λc = 2a/m. For the dominant
mode, m = 1. Given that λc = 2, thus we get a = 4 units.

11. The waveguides are used in a transmission line for

a) Increasing transmission coefficient
b) Increasing reflection coefficient
c) Decreasing transmission coefficient
d) Decreasing reflection coefficient
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The waveguides are used to increase the transmission efficiency of the waves
travelling through it.

12. The attenuation coefficient of the wave having a resistance of 15 ohm in a 50 ohm line is
a) 15
b) 1.5
c) 0.15
d) 0.015
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The attenuation coefficient of a wave with a resistance of R in a line of
characteristic impedance Zo is α = R/2Zo. On substituting for R = 15 and Zo = 50, we get α =
15/(2 x 50) = 0.15 units.

Electromagnetic Theory Problems -

Sanfoundry
by staff10

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Problems focuses on “Transverse Electric Waves(TE)”.

1. In transverse electric waves, which of the following is true?

a) E is parallel to H
b) E is parallel to wave direction
c) E is transverse to wave direction
d) H is transverse to wave direction
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: In TE waves, the electric field strength will be transverse to the wave direction.
Thus the TE waves are also called H waves.

2. The dominant mode in rectangular waveguide is

a) TE01
b) TE10
c) TM01
d) TM10
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: TE10 is the dominant mode in the rectangular waveguide. This is because it gives
the minimum cut off frequency required for transmission.
3. The number of modes in a waveguide having a V number of 10 is
a) 10
b) 25
c) 100
d) 50
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The number of modes is given by m = V2/2, where V is the v number. On
substituting for V = 10, we get m = 100/2 = 50.

4. Does the waveguide with dimensions 3 cm x 5.5 cm exist?

a) Yes
b) No
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: For a waveguide, the dimension a should be greater than b. Here a = 3 and b = 5.5,
thus such waveguide does not exist.

5. The mode which has the highest wavelength is called

a) Dominant mode
b) Evanescent mode
c) Generate mode
d) Degenerate mode
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Dominant modes are the modes having least cut off frequency. This implies they
have highest cut off wavelength.

6. The intrinsic impedance of a TE wave having a cut off frequency of 6 GHz at a frequency of
7.5 GHz in air is
a) 628.33
b) 338.62
c) 498.76
d) 342.24
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The intrinsic impedance of a TE wave is given by ηTE = η/cos θ, where cos θ is
given by √(1- (fc/f)2). On substituting for fc = 6 GHz, f = 7.5 GHz and η = 377, we get the
intrinsic impedance as 628.33 units.

7. The cut off frequency of a rectangular waveguide of dimensions 3 cm x 1.5 cm is

a) 12 GHz
b) 6 GHz
c) 4 GHz
d) 5 GHz
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The cut off frequency in dominant mode will be fc = mc/2a. On substituting for c =
3 x 108 and a = 0.03, we get the cut off frequency as 5 GHz.

8. The propagation constant for a lossless transmission line will be

a) Real
b) Complex
c) Real and equal to phase constant
d) Complex and equal to phase constant
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The propagation constant is given by γ = α + jβ, where α and β are the attenuation
and phase constants respectively. For a lossless line, the attenuation constant is zero. Thus γ = jβ.
It is clear that γ is complex and equal to β.

9. The attenuation of a 50 ohm transmission line having a resistance of 100 ohm is

a) 0.01
b) 0.1
c) 1
d) 10
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The attenuation of a wave is given by α = R/2Z0. On substituting for R = 100 and
Z0 = 50, we get α = 100/(2 x 50) = 1 unit.

10. The cut off frequency of a TE wave with waveguide dimension of a= 3.5 cm in a medium of
permittivity 2.2 is
a) 2.88 GHz
b) 3.32 GHz
c) 4.5 GHz
d) 2.12 GHz
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The cut off frequency of a TE wave in any other medium is mc/2a√εr. On
substituting for a = 0.035 and εr = 2.2, we get the cut off frequency as 2.88 GHz.

11. The phase constant and frequency are related by

a) Phase constant α ω
b) Phase constant α 1/ω
c) Phase constant α 1/2ω
d) Phase constant α ω/2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The phase constant is given by β = ω√LC. Thus the relation is β is directly
proportional to ω.

12. Which of the following parameter is non zero for a lossless line?
a) Attenuation
b) Resistance
c) Conductance
d) Phase constant
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The attenuation constant, resistance and conductance are zero for a lossless line.
Only the phase constant is non zero.

Transverse Magnetic Waves -

Electromagnetic Theory Questions and
Answers - Sanfoundry
by staff10

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Transverse Magnetic Waves”.

1. In transverse magnetic waves, which of the following is true?

a) E is parallel to H
b) H is parallel to wave direction
c) H is transverse to wave direction
d) E is transverse to H
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: In transverse magnetic waves, the magnetic field strength is transverse to the wave
direction. They are also called E waves.

2. The dominant mode in the TM waves is

a) TM01
b) TM10
c) TM20
d) TM11
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The modes TM10, TM01 and TM20 does not exist in any waveguide. The TM11 mode
is the dominant mode in the waveguide.

3. The modes in a waveguide having a V number of 20 is

a) 400
b) 200
c) 100
d) 40
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The number of modes in a waveguide is given by m = V2/2. On substituting for V =
20, we get m = 400/2 = 200 modes.

4. The v number of a waveguide having 120 modes is

a) 15.5
b) 18
c) 24
d) 12
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The number of modes in a waveguide is given by m = V2/2. On substituting for m =
120, we get V = √(2 x 120) = 15.5.

5. The intrinsic impedance of a TM wave will be

a) Greater than 377 ohm
b) Equal to 377 ohm
c) Lesser than 377 ohm
d) Does not exist
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The intrinsic impedance of the transverse magnetic wave is given by ηTM = η √(1-
(fc/f)2). Here the term √(1-(fc/f)2) is always lesser than unity. Thus the intrinsic impedance of the
TM wave is lesser than 377 ohms.

6. The modes TMmo and TMon are called

a) Generate modes
b) Degenerate modes
c) Dominant modes
d) Evanescent modes
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The modes TMmo and TMon does not exist. These modes are said to be evanescent
mode.

7. Two modes with same cut off frequency are said to be

a) Generate modes
b) Dominant modes
c) Degenerate modes
d) Regenerate modes
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Two modes with same cut off frequency are called as degenerate modes. These
modes have same field distribution.

8. Does the mode TM30 exists?

a) Yes
b) No
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Modes in the format of TMmo and TMon does not exist. The given mode is in the
form of TMmo, which is does not exist. It is an evanescent mode.

9. The boundary between the Fresnel and Fraunhofer zones having a length of 12 units and a
wavelength of 3 units is
a) 96
b) 48
c) 192
d) 36
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The Fresnel- Fraunhofer boundary is related by the wavelength as R = 2L2/λ. On
substituting for L = 12 and λ = 3, we get R = 2 x 122/3 = 96 units.

10. The reflection coefficient, when a resonant cavity is placed between the waveguide is
a) 0
b) 1
c) -1
d) Infinite
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: When the waveguide is shorted by conducting plates, the reflection coefficient will
be unity. This will lead to the occurrence of standing waves.

11. The distance between two terminated plates is given by the

a) Guided wavelength
b) 2(guided wavelength)
c) Guided wavelength/2
d) (Guided wavelength)/4
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The distance between the terminating plates is given by Vmin = λg/2, where λg is
the guided wavelength.

12. Find the guided wavelength if the distance between the two conducting plates in the
waveguide is 2 cm.
a) 4cm
b) 2cm
c) 1cm
d) 0.5cm
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The distance between the terminating plates is given by Vmin = λg/2, where λg is
the guided wavelength. On substituting for Vmin = 2cm, we get λg = 2Vmin = 2 x 0.02 = 4cm.

Electromagnetic Theory Questions and Answers – Transverse Electric Magnetic Waves(TEM)

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Transverse Electric Magnetic Waves”.

1. In a transverse electric magnetic wave, which of the following will be true?

a) E is transverse to H
b) E is transverse to wave direction
c) H is transverse to wave direction
d) E and H are transverse to wave direction
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: In the transverse electric magnetic wave (TEM wave), both the electric and magnetic
field strengths are transverse to the wave propagation.

2. The cut off frequency of the TEM wave is

a) 0
b) 1 GHz
c) 6 GHz
d) infinity
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The TEM waves have both E and H perpendicular to the guide axis. Thus its cut off
frequency is zero.

3. Which component is non zero in a TEM wave?

a) Ex
b) Hz
c) Ez
d) Attenuation constant
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: In a TEM wave, the wave propagates along the guided axis. Thus the components Ez
and Hz are zero. The attenuation is also zero. The non-zero component will be Ex.

4. TEM wave can propagate in rectangular waveguides. State true/false.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The rectangular waveguide does not allow the TEM wave. TEM mode can exist only in
two conductor system and not in hollow waveguide in which the centre conductor does not exist.

5. The cut off wavelength in the TEM wave will be

a) 0
b) Negative
c) Infinity
d) 1/6 GHz
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The cut off frequency in a TEM wave is zero. Thus the cut off wavelength will be infinity.

6. The guided wavelength of a TEM wave in a waveguide having a wavelength of 5 units is

a) 0
b) Infinity
c) 5
d) 1/5
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The guided wavelength is same as the wavelength of the waveguide with a TEM wave.
Thus the guided wavelength is 5 units.
7. The guided phase constant of a TEM wave in a waveguide with a phase constant of 2.8 units is
a) 2.8
b) 1.4
c) 0
d) Infinity
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The guided phase constant is same as the phase constant of the waveguide. For the
given data, the guided phase constant is 2.8 units.

8. Which type of transmission line accepts the TEM wave?

a) Copper cables
b) Coaxial cable
c) Rectangular waveguides
d) Circular waveguides
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Hollow transmission lines support TE and TM waves only. The TEM wave is possible
only in the coaxial cable transmission line, which is not hollow.

9. For a TEM wave to propagate in a medium, the medium has to be

a) Air
b) Insulator
c) Dispersive
d) Non dispersive
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The medium in which the TEM waves propagate has to be non- dispersive. This implies
the phase velocity and the characteristic impedance has to be constant over a wide band.

10. Stripline and parallel plate waveguides support the TEM wave. State true/false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The stripline and parallel plate waveguides are not hollow and the dielectric is lossless.
The medium is non dispersive. Thus the statement is true.

Phase & Group Velocity - Electromagnetic

Theory Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
by staff10
This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Phase and Group Velocity”.

1. In a waveguide, which of the following condition is true always?

a) phase velocity = c
b) group velocity = c
c) phase velocity > c
d) phase velocity < c
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The phase velocity is always greater than the speed of light in waveguides. This
implies the group velocity is small.

2. The term cos θ is given by 2.5. Find the phase velocity.

a) 3
b) 5
c) 7.5
d) 2.5
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The phase velocity is given by Vp = c cos θ. On substituting for cos θ = 2.5 and the
speed of light, we get the phase velocity as 7.5 x 108 m/s.

3. The cut off wavelength and the guided wavelength are given by 0.5 and 2 units respectively.
Find the wavelength of the wave.
a) 0.48
b) 0.32
c) 0.45
d) 0.54
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The cut off wavelength and the guided wavelength are related as (1/λ)2 = (1/λc)2 +
(1/λg)2. On substituting for λc = 0.5 and λg = 2, we get λ = 0.48 units.

4. The cut off wavelength of the rectangular waveguide in dominant mode with dimensions 6 cm
x 4 cm is
a) 12cm
b) 6cm
c) 4cm
d) 2cm
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The cut off wavelength in the dominant mode is given by λc = 2a/m, where a is the
broad wall dimension. On substituting for m = 1 and a = 6cm, we get the cut off wavelength as
12cm.

5. The product of the phase and the group velocities is given by the
a) Speed of light
b) Speed of light/2
c) 2 x Speed of light
d) (speed of light)/4
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The product of the phase and the group velocities is given by the square of the
speed of the light. Thus Vp x Vg = c2 is the relation.

6. The phase velocity of a wave having a group velocity of 6 x 106 is (in order of 108 m/s)
a) 2.4
b) 3
c) 15
d) 150
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: We know that the phase and the group velocities are given by Vp x Vg = c2. On
substituting for Vg = 6 x 106 and the speed of light, we get Vp = 150 x 108 m/s.

7. The group velocity of a wave with a phase velocity of 60 x 109 is (in 106 order)
a) 1.5
b) 2
c) 2.5
d) 3
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: We know that the phase and the group velocities are given by Vp x Vg = c2. On
substituting for Vp = 60 x 109 and the speed of light, we get Vg = 1.5 x 106 m/s.

8. The phase velocity of a wave having a phase constant of 4 units and a frequency of 2.5 x 109
radian/sec is (in 108 order)
a) 3.25
b) 3.75
c) 6.25
d) 6.75
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The phase velocity and the phase constant are related by Vp = ω/βg. On substituting
for ω = 2.5 x 109 and β = 4, we get the phase velocity as 6.25 units.

9. The guided wavelength and the phase constant are related by

a) 2π/βg = λg
b) 1/βg = λg
c) 1/2πβg = λg
d) βg = λg
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The guided wavelength and the phase constant are related by 2π/βg = λg, where βg
is the guided phase constant and λg is the guided wavelength.

10. The phase velocity refers to a group of waves and the group velocity refers to a single wave.
State true/false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The phase velocity refers to a single wave and the group velocity refers to a group
of waves.

11. The phase and group velocities does not depend on which of the following?
a) Frequency
b) Wavelength
c) Phase constant
d) Attenuation constant
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The phase and the group velocities are directly related by the frequency,
wavelength and the phase constant. It is independent of the attenuation constant.

12. The distance between two successive points in a waveguide is the

a) Guided wavelength
b) 2 x guided wavelength
c) Guided wavelength/2
d) (guided wavelength)/4
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The distance between two successive points in a waveguide is equal to half of the
guided wavelength.
Basic Electromagnetic Theory Questions and
Answers - Sanfoundry
by staff10

This set of Basic Electromagnetic Theory Questions and Answers focuses on “Waveguide
Current and Excitation”.

1. The source voltage of a 75ohm transmission line is given by 150V. Find the load current.
a) 0.5
b) 2
c) 4
d) 1
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The load current is given by IL = VS/Z0. On substituting for VS = 150 and Z0 = 75,
we get IL = 150/75= 2A.

2. The guided terminations are used to

a) Increase reflection
b) Increase transmission
c) Eliminate reflection loss
d) Eliminate attenuation
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The guided termination refers to the waveguide shorted by conducting plates. This
is done in order to eliminate the reflection losses.

3. Which type of wave does the resonant cavity produce?

a) Standing waves
b) Guided waves
c) Transmitted waves
d) Attenuated waves
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Resonant cavity is the waveguide shorted by a conducting plate. This is to reduce
the reflection losses. Such arrangement leads to standing waves.

4. Which of the following parameter cannot be calculated from the standing waves?
a) Peak voltage and peak current
b) SWR
c) Reflection and transmission coefficients
d) Attenuation constant
View Answer

View AnswerAnswer: d
Explanation: The peak voltage and current can be directly measured from the standing waves.
The standing wave ratio, reflection coefficient and the transmission coefficient can also be
calculated from it. Only the attenuation constant cannot be calculated directly.

5. For efficient transmission, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line has to be
a) 50 ohm
b) 75 ohm
c) Either 50 or 75 ohm
d) Neither 50 nor 75 ohm
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Generally, for ideal transmission lines, the characteristic impedance should be
either 50 ohm or 75 ohm.

6. The cavity resonators are used in the klystron amplifiers for

a) Amplifying RF signals
b) Amplifying microwave signals
c) Attenuating RF signals
d) Attenuating microwave signals
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The cavity resonators are employed in the klystron amplifiers for amplifying the
microwave signals.

7. The cavity resonators used in the reflex klystron oscillators are for
a) Generating RF signals
b) Generating microwave signals
c) Amplifying RF signals
d) Amplifying microwave signals
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Oscillators are devices that generate signal waveforms. The reflex klystron
oscillator is used to generate microwave signals.

8. One of the applications of the cavity resonators is duplexer in RADAR systems. State
true/false.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Cavity resonator is used in duplexers of RADAR systems, as resonant cavity in
transmit receive (TR) tubes and antitransmit receive (ART) tubes.

9. Cavity wave meters are used to measure which parameter of the wave?
a) Wavelength
b) Reflection factor
c) Phase
d) Frequency
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Cavity resonators are used in cavity wave meters for the measurement of frequency
of the microwave signals.

10. The waveguides are terminated by the procedure of

a) Trimming
b) Polishing
c) Tapering
d) Pruning
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: A waveguide is terminated by concept of tapered or exponential line and uses a
dielectric having considerable conductivity to provide power absorbing properties. This will
eliminate the reflection losses.

Transients - Electromagnetic Theory

Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
by staff10

This set of Electromagnetic Theory Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Transients”.

1. The resonant circuit in a waveguide refers to the

a) Tank circuit
b) RC circuit
c) Bridge circuit
d) Attenuator circuit
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The resonant circuit refers to the tank circuit. It is parallel combination of an
inductor and a capacitor.

2. When a waveguide is terminated, the mode of the guided termination will be

a) zero
b) non-zero
c) infinite
d) does not exist
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: A waveguide mode with a guided termination is represented by TEmnp and
TMmnp. Here m and n are the orders of the waveguide and p is the order of the resonant cavity.
It is always a non-zero value.

3. The cut off frequency of a waveguide with resonant cavity is given by

a) V√((m/a)2 + (n/b)2 + (p/d)2)/2
b) V√((m/a)2 + (n/b)2 + (p/d)2)
c) 2V√((m/a)2 + (n/b)2 + (p/d)2)
d) V√((m/a) + (n/b) + (p/d))/2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The cut off frequency of the waveguide of dimensions a x b with the resonant
cavity of dimension d is given by fc = √((m/a)2 + (n/b)2 + (p/d)2)/2. Here m and n are the orders
of the waveguide, p is the order of the cavity and v is the velocity.

4. The power of a wave in a transmission line, when the current and the resistance are 5A and
120 ohm respectively is
a) 3000
b) 4000
c) 2000
d) 1500
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The power of a line is given by P = I2R. On substituting for I = 5 and R = 120, we
get P = 52 x 120 = 3000 units.

5. The power of a wave having a magnetic field intensity of 2.5 units is

a) 1.17 kilo watt
b) 1.17 mega watt
c) 1.17 watt
d) 11.7 watt
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The power of a wave is given by P = 0.5 η H2, where η is the intrinsic impedance
and H is the magnetic field intensity. On substituting for η = 377 and H = 2.5, we get P = 0.5 x
377 x 2.52 = 1.17 kilo watts.

6. The power of a wave having an electric field strength of 12.8 units is

a) 0.217
b) 0.721
c) 0.127
d) 0.172
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The power of a wave is given by P = 0.5 E2/η, where E is the electric field intensity
and η is the intrinsic impedance. On substituting for E = 12.8 and η = 377, we get P = 0.5 x
12.82/377 = 0.217 units.

7. The form or mode of propagation is determined by which factors?

a) Type of excitation device
b) Location of excitation device
c) Type and location of the excitation device
d) Waveguide characteristics
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The form and the mode of propagation of the wave in a waveguide is determined by
the type and location of the excitation device.

8. The phase of the wave after the installation of the guided terminations will be
a) 0
b) 45
c) 90
d) 180
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Using a guided termination, the guides serves as a reflector. If the distance between
the exciter and the wall is properly adjusted, the transmitted and the reflected wave will be in
phase.

9. The exciter of the waveguide in a transmission line is the

a) Transmitter
b) Receiver
c) Transponder
d) Antenna
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The waveguide is usually excited by the antenna rod. The reflection depends on the
phase of excitation and the antenna current.

10. A waveguide imitates which type of filter characteristics?

a) Low pass filter
b) High pass filter
c) Band pass filter
d) Band reject filter
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: A waveguide passes only high frequency waves (in GHz range) and attenuates low
frequencies. This is the characteristic of a high pass filter.