Board Exam Problems

on
ALTERNATING
CURRENT
(AC) CIRCUITS
(Single Phase System)

17
REE- September 2007
1. Wavelength is the distance traveled by an electronic wave during the time of one cycle. Given a wavelength
of 12 meters, what is the frequency?
A. 250 kHz B. 25 kHz C. 250 MHz D. 25 MHz
Solution:
𝑐 3×1010 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑓=𝛾= 100𝑐𝑚
12𝑚×
1𝑚
𝑓 = 25 𝑀𝐻𝑧

REE- September 2010

2. In a single-phase circuit 𝑉𝐴 = 84.85 + 𝑗84.85 𝑉 and 𝑉𝐵 = 96.59 − 𝑗25.88 𝑉 with respect to a reference node
0. Calculate 𝑉𝐵𝐴 .
A. −11.74 + 𝑗110.73 𝑉 B. 11.74 + 𝑗110.73 𝑉
C. 11.74 − 𝑗110.73𝑉 D. −11.74 + 𝑗110.73𝑉
Solution:
𝑉𝐵𝐴 = 𝑉𝐵 − 𝑉𝐴
𝑉𝐵𝐴 = (96.59 − 𝑗25.88 )– (84.85 + 𝑗84.85)
𝑉𝐵𝐴 = 11.74 − 𝑗110.73

REE- April 2003

3. What is the rms value of a square wave with an amplitude of 10 A and a frequency of 1 Hz.
A. 0 B. 10 C. 5 D. 7.07
Solution:
For square wave: 𝑅𝑀𝑆 = 𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥
𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 10

REE- October 2000

4. A sinusoidal current wave has a maximum value of 20 A. What is the average value of one-half cycle?
A. 5 B. 12.7 C. 14.14 D. 0
Solution:
2(𝐼𝑚𝑎𝑥 )
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝜋
2(20)
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝜋
𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 12.7

REE- April 1997

5. A half wave rectified sine wave has an average value of 100 Amp. What is the effective value?
A. 157 A B. 444 A C. 70.71 A D. 100 A
Solution:
𝐼𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 0.636 𝐼𝑚
100
𝐼𝑚 = 0.636
𝐼𝑚 = 157.23 𝐴

REE- September 2006

6. Three alternating currents are given by 𝑖1 = 141 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 45°);
𝑖2 = 30 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 90°); 𝑖3 = 20 sin(𝜔𝑡 − 120°). Find the equation of the resultant current.
A. 167.4 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 45.66°) B. 74.6 sin 𝜔𝑡
C. 143.8 sin(𝜔𝑡 + 51.4°) D. 64.7 sin(𝜔𝑡 − 30°)

18
 Solution:
𝐼𝑅 = 𝐼𝑚1 + 𝐼𝑚2 + 𝐼𝑚3
𝐼𝑅 = (141∠45°) + (30∠90°) + (20∠ − 120°)
𝐼𝑅 =167.4∠45.66
𝐼𝑅 = 167.4sin( 𝜔𝑡 + 45.66°)

REE- September 2006

7. When the sole purpose of ac is to produce heat, the selection of conductor is based on value of
the current.
A. Average B. Instantaneous C. RMS D. Peak

8. The maximum value of a sine wave AC voltage which will produce heat in a resistor at the same average
rate as 115 V of direct current is .
A. 81.3 V B. 115 V C. 162.6 V D. 230 V
Solution:
𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 115 𝑉
𝑉𝑚 = √2 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑉𝑚 = √2 (115)
𝑉𝑚 = 162.5 𝑉

9. A sinusoidal voltage source has a peak value of 150 volts. What equivalent DC voltage source would
produce the same heating effect in a 1 ohm resistor?
A. 15 V B. 212 V C. 95 V D. 106 V
Solution:
𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
√2
150
𝑉𝑑𝑐 =
√2
𝑉𝑑𝑐 = 106.1 𝑉

10. The effective value of 𝑣 (𝑡) = 100 + 𝐴 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 is known to be 103.1. The amplitude A of the sine term is
.
A. 25 B. 4.85 C. 35.48 D. 100
Solution:
𝑉 (𝑡) = 𝑉𝑑𝑐 + 𝑉𝑚
𝑉𝑚2
𝑉 (𝑡) = √𝑉𝑑𝑐 2 + 2
2 𝑉𝑚2
103.1 = (100 )2 + 2
𝐴 = 𝑉𝑚 = √[(103.12 ) − (100)2 ](2)
𝑉𝑚 = 35.485

11. An alternating current and direct current flows simultaneously in the same conductor. If the effective value
of the AC is 8A and DC is 12 A, what will an AC ammeter read when connected in the circuit?
A. 14.42 A B. 12 A C. 11.66 A D. 16.49 A
Solution:
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 𝐼𝑇
= √𝐼𝑑𝑐 2 + 𝐼1 2
= √122 + 82

19
 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 = 14.42 𝐴

12. An impedance draws a current 𝑖 = 10 cos(𝜔𝑡 − 30°) 𝐴 from a 𝑉 = 220𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠. What is the power?
A. 550 W B. 1100 W C. 190.5 W D. 1320 W
Solution:
𝑖 = 10 cos(𝜔𝑡 − 30° + 90°) = 10 cos(𝜔𝑡 + 60°)
𝑉𝑚𝐼𝑚
𝑃= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
2
𝑉𝑚𝐼𝑚
𝑃= 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝜃1 − 𝜃2 )
2
(220)(10)
𝑃= cos(0 − 60)
2
𝑃 = 1100𝑐𝑜𝑠60
𝑃 = 550 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠

REE- October 2000

13. A series circuit has an applied voltage of 𝑉 = 220sin(𝜔𝑡 + 30°) and draws a current 𝐼 = 10sin(𝜔𝑡 − 30°).
What is the average power and power factor of the circuit?
A. 1, 905 W, 86.6% lagging B. 1, 905 W, 86.6 % lagging
C. 2, 200 W, 100% D. 1, 100 W, 50% lagging
Solution:
𝑃 = 𝑉𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑃 = 220(10) cos|30 − (−30)|
𝑃 = 2200(0.5)
𝑃 = 1100 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
𝑝. 𝑓 = 0.5 𝑜𝑟 50% 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔

14. The effective voltage across a circuit element is (20 + 𝑗10)𝑉 and the effective current through the element
is 4 − 𝑗3 𝐴. Calculate the true and the reactive power taken by the element.
A. 50 Watts & 100 Vars lagging B. 20 Watts & 100 Vars leading
C. 110 Watts & 20 Vars lagging D. 110 Watts & 20 Vars leading
Solution:
𝑆 = 𝐼𝑉
𝑆 = (4 − 𝑗3)(20 + 𝑗10)
𝑆 = 110 + 𝑗20
𝑃 = 110 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
𝑄 = 20 𝑉𝑎𝑟𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔

15. A 110-Volt AC line feeds two circuits in parallel. The currents are (2.2 − 𝑗6.5)𝐴 and(1.8 − 𝑗3.5)𝐴. The
power consumed by the two circuits is approximately .
A. 1, 185 Watts B. 440 Watts C. 755 Watts D. 433 Watts
Solution:
𝑃1 = 𝑉𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃1
𝑃1 = (110)(2.2) = 242 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
𝑃2 = 𝑉𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃2
𝑃2 = (110)(1.8) = 198 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠
𝑃𝑡 = 242 + 198
𝑃𝑡 = 440 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠

20
16. Find the average power in a resistance 𝑅 = 10 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠 if the current in series form is 𝑖 = 10𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜔𝑡 +
5𝑠𝑖𝑛 3𝜔𝑡 + 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 5𝜔𝑡 amperes.
A. 65.4 Watts B. 645 Watts C. 546 Watts D. 5.46 Watts
Solution:
𝐼 2 𝐼𝑚2 2 𝐼𝑚3 2
𝐼𝑡 = √ 𝑚1 + +
2 2 2

102 52 22
𝐼𝑡 = √ + +
2 2 2
𝐼𝑡 = 8.03 𝐴
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝐼𝑡 2 𝑅
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = (8.03)2 (10)
𝑃𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 644.809 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠

REE- May 2009

17. The current thru an inductor with inductance of 1mH is given as
𝑖(𝑡) = 0.010𝑠𝑖𝑛106 𝑡 𝐴. What is the voltage across this conductor?
A. 100𝑠𝑖𝑛106 𝑡 𝑉 B. 10𝑐𝑜𝑠106 𝑡 𝑉
C. 10𝑠𝑖𝑛10 𝑡 𝑉
6
D. 100𝑐𝑜𝑠106 𝑡 𝑉
Solution:
𝐼𝑚 0.010
𝑉𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = = 0.001
𝐿
𝑉𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 10 𝑉
𝑉𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 10𝑐𝑜𝑠106 𝑡 𝑉

REE- April 2007

18. A circuit has a resistance of 20 ohms and a reactance of 30 ohms. What is the power factor of the circuit?
A. 0 B. 0.55 C. 0.832 D. 0.99
Solution:
𝑅
𝑝𝑓 = 𝑍
20
𝑝𝑓 = (20+𝑗30)
𝑝𝑓 = 0.55

REE- September 2009

19. A two-element series circuit has voltage 𝑉 = 240 + 𝑗0 𝑉 and current 𝐼 = 48 − 𝑗36 𝐴. Find the current in
amperes which results when the resistance is reduced to 50% of its former value.
A. 46.20 + 𝑗69.20 B. −46.20 + 𝑗69.20
C. 46.20 − 𝑗69.20 D. −46.20 − 𝑗69.20
Solution:
𝑉
𝑍= 𝐼
(240+𝑗0)
𝑍 = (48−𝑗36) = 3.2 − 𝑗2.4
50% 𝑜𝑓 3.2 = 1.6
𝑍 = 1.6 + 𝑗2.4
240+𝑗0
𝐼 = 1.6+𝑗2.4
𝐼 = 46.20 − 𝑗69.20

REE- May 2009

21
20. A 200mH inductor and an 80 ohm resistor are connected in parallel across a 100 V rms, 60 Hz source. By
what angle does the total current lead or lag behind the voltage?
A. 46.70° leading B. 43.40° leading
C. 43.40° lagging D. 46.70° lagging
Solution:
𝑅+𝑗𝑋𝐿
𝑍=
√𝑅2 +𝑋𝐿 2

𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿 = 2(𝜋)(60)(200 × 10−3 )

𝑋𝐿 = 75.4 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠
80+𝑗75.4
𝑍=
√802 +75.42
𝑍 = 0.728 + 𝑗0.69
𝑍 = 1∠43.46°
𝜃 = 43.46 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔

REE- September 2004

21. A capacitor in series with a 200 ohm resistor draws a current of 0.3 ampere from 120 Volts, 60 Hz source.
What is the value of a capacitor in microfarad?
A. 8.7 B. 9.7 C. 6.7 D. 7.7
Solution:
𝑉 = 𝐼𝑍
120
𝑍= = 400
0.3
𝑍 = 𝑅 + 𝑋𝐶 2
2 2

𝑋𝐶 = √4002 − 2002
𝑋𝐶 = 346.41 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠
1
𝐶=
2𝜋(60)9346.41)
𝐶 = 7.65𝜇𝐹

REE- April 2007

22. A series RLC circuit has elements 𝑅 = 50 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠, 𝐿 = 8 𝑚𝐻 and 𝐶 = 2.22 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑠. What is the
equivalent impedance of the circuit if the frequency is 796 Hz.
A. 50 + 𝑗50 Ω B. 50 + 𝑗130 Ω C. 50 − 𝑗50 Ω D. 50 + 𝑗130 Ω
Solution:
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿 = 2(𝜋)(796)(8)
𝑋𝐿 = 40.01 Ω
1 1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐶 = 2𝜋(796)(2.22×10−6)
𝑋𝐶 = 90.06 Ω
𝑍 = 𝑅 + (𝑋𝐿 − 𝑋𝐶 ) = 50 + (40.01 − 90.06)
𝑍 = 50 − 𝑗50 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠

REE- May 2009

23. Find the value of impedance which absorbs a complex power of 2300 VA with a 30 degrees angle at 115 V
rms.
A. 5 + 𝑗7 Ω B. 7 + 𝑗5 Ω C. 5 − 𝑗3 Ω D. 3 + 𝑗5 Ω
Solution:
𝑉2
𝑆=
𝑍

22
 𝑉2 1152
𝑍= = 2300∠30°
𝑆
𝑍 = 4.98 − 𝑗2.875 Ω

REE- April 2005

24. A series RLC circuit has 𝑅 = 10 Ω, 𝐿 = 40 × 10−6 𝐻 and 𝐶 = 60 × 10−12 𝐹. What is the resonant of the
circuit in MHz?
A. 20.17 B. 3.24 C. 4.49 D. 1.62
Solution:
1
𝑓𝑅 = 2𝜋
√𝐿𝐶
1
𝑓𝑅 =
2𝜋√(40×10−6 )(60×10−12 )
𝑓𝑅 = 3.24 𝑀𝐻𝑧

REE- October 2000

25. A series circuit consists of a 20-ohm resistance, a 150 mH inductance and an unknown capacitance. The
circuit is supplied with a voltage 𝑉 = 100 𝑠𝑖𝑛377𝑡. Find the value of capacitance at resonance.
A. 42 𝜇𝐹 B. 47 𝜇𝐹 C. 36.45 𝜇𝐹 D. 72.57 𝜇𝐹
Solution:
𝑋𝐿 = 𝑋𝐶
𝑋𝐿 = 𝜔𝐿
𝑋𝐿 = 377(150 × 10−3 )
𝑋𝐿 = 56.55 Ω
𝑋𝐶 = 56.55 Ω
1
𝐶 = 𝜔𝑋
𝐶
1
𝐶 = 377(56.55)
𝐶 = 46.91 𝜇𝐹

REE- September 2011

26. A parallel RLC circuit has a resonant frequency of 20, 000 rad/sec. If C is equal to 1 𝜇𝐹, find the value of L.
A. 2.5 mH B. 25 mH C. 0.63 mH D. 6.3 mH
Solution:
1
𝑓𝑅 = 2𝜋
√𝐿𝐶
1
√𝐿𝐶 = 𝑓
𝑅 (2𝜋)
1 2
𝐿𝐶 = (𝑓 )
𝑅 (2𝜋)
1 2
𝐿𝐶 = (20,000(2𝜋))
𝐿𝐶 = 63.33 × 10−12
63.33×10−12
𝐿= 1×10−6
𝐿 = 6.3 𝑚𝐻

REE- April 2004

23
27. A tuned circuit is resonant at 4 MHz. Its Q is 100. What is its bandwidth?
A. 4 kHz B. 400 kHz C. 400 Hz D. 40 kHz
Solution:
𝑓𝑅
𝐵𝑊 = 𝑄
4×106
𝐵𝑊 = 100
𝐵𝑊 = 40 𝑘𝐻𝑧

REE- April 2007

28. A current of 2.5 A flows through a series circuit consisting of a 100 Ω resistor and an unknown capacitor
across a source of 460 V, 50 Hz. What is the value of the capacitive reactance?
A. 𝑋𝐶 = 91. 86 Ω B. 𝑋𝐶 = 39.19 Ω C. 𝑋𝐶 = 154.45 Ω D. 𝑋𝐶 = 184.0 Ω
Solution:
𝑉
𝑍= 𝐼
460
𝑍= = 184
2.5

𝑍 = √𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐶 2
𝑋𝐶 = √1842 − 1002
𝑋𝐶 = 154.45 Ω

REE- April 1996

29. A circuit consists of a 4 Ω resistor and 300 𝜇𝐹 capacitor in series. It is connected across a 60 Hz voltage
source with a 500 V peak to peak voltage. What is the phasor form of the current?
A. 𝐼 = 19.7∠57.5° B. 𝐼 = 8.84∠73.2° C. 𝐼 = 36.5∠65.7° D. 𝐼 = 10.5∠57°
Solution:
1 1
𝑋𝐶 = =
2𝜋𝑓𝐶 2𝜋(60)(300×10−6 )
𝑋𝐶 = 8.84 Ω
𝑍 = √𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐶 2
𝑍 = √42 + 8.842
𝑍 = 9.70 Ω
𝑅 4
𝜃= 𝑍
= 9.70 = 65.66°
500
𝑉 2 √2
𝐼= = 9.70∠65.66°
𝑍
𝐼 = 36.5∠65.7° 𝐴

REE- April 2004

30. The wavelength of international distress of frequency is 600 m. what is the equivalent frequency in kHz?
A. 200 B. 300 C. 400 D. 500
Solution:
𝑉
𝜆=𝑓
𝜆 3×1010 𝑐𝑚/𝑠
𝑓=𝑉= 100 𝑐𝑚
600 𝑚×
1𝑚
𝑓 = 500 𝑘𝐻𝑧

31. The voltage across a given circuit is 75 + 𝑗50 𝑉. What is the power supplied to the circuit if the current
through it is (8 − 𝑗5)𝐴?

24
 A. 850 W B. 550 W C. 750 W D. 350 W
Solution:
𝑃 = 𝑉𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑃 = (75 + 𝑗50)(8 − 𝑗5)𝑐𝑜𝑠0
𝑃 = 850 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠

REE- September 2003

32. The following are in series 𝑅 = 1, 000 Ω, 𝐿 = 100 𝜇𝐻 and 𝐶 = 20, 000 𝑝𝐹. The voltage across the circuit is
100 V. What is the total impedance expressed in ohms if the frequency is 3 MHz?
A. 1882 Ω B. 1000 Ω C. 2132 Ω D. 1885 Ω
Solution:

𝑍 = √𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 2 − 𝑋𝐶 )2
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋(3 × 106 )(100 × 10−6 )
𝑋𝐿 = 1884.96 Ω
1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐶
1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋(3×106 )(20,000×10−12)
𝑋𝐶 = 2.653 Ω
𝑍 = √10002 + (1884.962 − 2.653)2
𝑍 = 2131.5 Ω

REE- October 1998

33. The maximum instantaneous voltage and current output of an alternator are 300 V and 20 A, respectively.
What is the power output in watts if the voltage leads the current by 30°.
A. 2598 B. 5196 C. 6000 D. 3000
Solution:
𝑃 = 𝑉𝐼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑃 = 300(20∠30°)𝑐𝑜𝑠0
𝑃 = 6000 𝑊𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑠

REE- April 1997

34. The length of time between a point in one cycle to the same point of the next cycle of an AC wave is the
.
A. frequency B. period C. magnitude D. polarity

REE- March 1998

35. A 25 ohm resistor is connected in series with a coil of 50 ohm resistance and 150 mH inductance. What is
the power factor of the circuit?
A. 85% B. 80% C. 90% D. 75%
Solution:
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋(60)(150 × 10−3 )
𝑋𝐿 = 56.55 Ω
𝑍 = √𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐿 2
𝑍 = √(25 + 50)2 + (56.55)2

25
 𝑍 = 93.93
𝑅 25+50
𝑝𝑓 = 𝑍 = 93.93
𝑝𝑓 = 80%

REE- October 1998

36. One leg of a radio tuned circuit has a capacitance of 1 × 10−9 𝐹. It is tuned at 200 kHz. What is the
inductance of the other leg in Henry?
A. 6.33 × 10−4 B. 20 × 10−3 C. 8.25 × 10−5 D. 120 × 10−9
Solution:
𝑋𝐶 = 𝑋𝐿
1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐶
1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋(200×103 )(1×10−9 )
𝑋𝐶 = 795.77
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿
𝑋𝐿
𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓
795.77
𝐿 = 2𝜋(200×103 )
𝐿 = 6.33 × 10−4 𝐻

REE- April 2004

37. A series RLC circuit has a resistance of 15 ohms and an inductive reactance of 1, 500 ohms. What is the Q
factor of the circuit at resonance?
A. 120 B. 100 C. 140 D. 150
Solution:
𝑋𝐿
𝑄=
𝑅
1500
𝑄=
15
𝑄 = 100

REE- September 2006

38. A two-element series circuit with 𝑅 = 15 Ω, 𝐿 = 20 𝑚𝐻 has an impedance of 30 ohms and an unknown
angle. What is the frequency in Hz?
A. 2.0 B. 2.1 C. 2, 067 D. 207
Solution:
𝑍 = √𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐿 2
𝑋𝐿 = √𝑍 2 − 𝑅2
𝑋𝐿 = √302 − 152
𝑋𝐿 = 25.98 Ω
𝑋𝐿
𝑓 = 2𝜋𝐿
25.98
𝑓 = 2𝜋(20×10−3) 𝑓 = 206.74 𝐻𝑧

REE- April 2001

26
39. A 5mH pure inductance is connected in parallel with one microfarad capacitor. What frequency will the
circuit be in resonance?
A. 250 Hz B. 2250 Hz C. 60 Hz D. 100 Hz
Solution:
1
𝑓𝑅 =
2𝜋√𝐿𝐶
1
𝑓𝑅 =
2𝜋√(5×10−3 )(1×10−6 )
𝑓𝑅 = 2250 𝐻𝑧

REE- April 2007

40. What is the complex expression for a given alternating current,
𝑖 = 250sin(𝜔𝑡 − 25°)?
A. 227 + 𝑗106 B.160 − 𝑗75 C. 227 − 𝑗106 D. 160 + 𝑗75
Solution:
𝐼𝑚
𝐼= ∠𝜃
√2
250
𝐼= ∠ − 25
√2
𝐼 = 160 − 𝑗74.7 𝐴

REE- September 2006

41. A 10 ohm resistor is connected in parallel to an impedance 𝑍 = 3 + 𝑗4 𝑜ℎ𝑚𝑠. Find the circuit power factor?
A. 0.600 lagging B. 0.866 lagging C. 0.609 lagging D. 0.809 lagging
Solution:
𝑅 𝑅
𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅 1+𝑅2
1 2
(10)(3)
𝑅𝑇 = 10+3
𝑅𝑇 = 2.31 Ω
𝑅 2.31
= 3+𝑗4 = 0.462∠ − 53.13°
𝑍
𝑝𝑓 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑝𝑓 = cos(−53.13)
𝑝𝑓 = 0.600 𝑙𝑎𝑔𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑔

REE- October 1996

42. The resistor of 6 ohms and unknown impedance coil in series draw 12 A from a 120 V, 60 Hz line. If the
real power taken from the line is 1152 watts, what is the coil inductance?
A. 15.9 mH B. 10 mH C. 20 mH D. 1.59 mH
Solution:
𝑃 = 𝐼2𝑍
𝐼2
𝑍= 𝑃
122
𝑍=
1152
𝑍 = 0.125 Ω
𝑍 = 𝑅 + 𝑗𝑋𝐿
0.125
𝑋𝐿 = 1∠90°
𝑋𝐿 = 5.875 Ω
𝐿𝑋
𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓

27
 5.875
𝐿 = 2𝜋(60)
𝐿 = 15.9 𝑚𝐻
REE- May 2008
43. A coil of inductance 0.1 H and resistance of 4 ohms is connected in series with a condenser of 70.4
microfarad capacitance across a 60 Hz, 240 V line. How much current will flow on the circuit?
A. 55 A B. 60 A C. 57.5 A D. 52.5 A
Solution:
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿
𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋(60)(0.1)
𝑋𝐿 = 37.7 Ω
1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐶
1
𝑋𝐶 = 2𝜋(60)(70.4×10−6)
𝑋𝐶 = 37.7 Ω

𝑍 = √𝑅2 + (𝑋𝐿 2 − 𝑋𝐶 )2

𝑍 = √42 + (37.72 − 37.7)2 = 4 Ω

𝑉 240
𝐼= =
𝑍 4
𝐼 = 60 𝐴
REE- September 2010
44. A series RLC circuit resonates at 1, 000 rad/sec. If 𝐶 = 30 𝑚𝑖𝑐𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑠 and it is known that the impedance
at resonance is 2.4 ohms, compute the value of Q of the circuit.
A. 13.9 B. 10.4 C. 2.21 D. 4.17
Solution:
1 𝐿
𝑄= √
𝑅 𝐶
1
𝑓𝑅 = 2𝜋
√𝐿𝐶
1
√𝐿𝐶 = 2𝜋𝑓
1 2
( )
2𝜋𝑓
𝐿= 𝐶
1 2
[ ]
(2𝜋)(1000)
𝐿=
30×10−6
𝐿 = 0.844 × 10−3
1 0.844×10−3
𝑄 = 2.4 √ 30×10−6
𝑄 = 2.21
45. A coil having a Q factor of 5 is connected in series with an ideal capacitor across an ac source of 60 V.
Calculate the voltage across the capacitor at resonance.
A. 150 V B. 300 V C. 12 V D. 65 V
Solution:
𝐸𝐶
𝑄𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝐸𝑡
𝐸𝐶 = 𝑄𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 (𝐸𝑡 )
𝐸𝐶 = (5)(60)
𝐸𝐶 = 300 𝑉

46. The Q-factor of a coil is given by .

28
 A. The ratio of its maximum energy stored to its energy dissipated per cycle.
B. Its power factor
C. The reciprocal of its power factor
D. The ratio of its inductive reactance to its resistance.
47. A coil takes apparent power and reactive power of 100 VA and 80 VAR, respectively. What is the Q factor
of the coil?
A. 1.33 B. 10 C. 8 D. 6
Solution:
𝑃 = √𝑆 2 − 𝑄2
𝑃 = √1002 − 802
𝑃 = 60
𝑃
𝑝𝑓 = 𝑆
60
𝑝𝑓 = 100 = 0.6
𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 (0.6)
𝜃 = 53.13
𝑄 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛 53.13
𝑄 = 1.33
REE- April 2011
48. An alternating rectangular wave has a maximum value of 10 V and a frequency of 1 cycle per second. What
is the average value of the wave?
A. 5 V B. 10 V C. 0 V D. 7.07 V
Solution:
𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑒: 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒, 𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥
∴ 𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 10 𝑉

49. Determine the rms value of a triangular current wave which has a maximum value of a.
A. 0.816 a B. 0.577 a C. 0.866 a D. 0.707 a
Solution:
𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑒: 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒, 𝐸𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 0.577𝐸𝑚𝑎𝑥
∴ 𝐸𝑎𝑣𝑒 = 0.577 a

REE- April 2011

50. A parallel circuit consists of a resistor having a conductance of 4 mhos, an inductive reactor having a
susceptance of 8 mhos and a capacitive reactor having a susceptance of 5 mhos. What is the impedance of
the circuit?
A. 0.16 + 𝑗0.12 Ω B. 0.26 + 𝑗0.12 Ω
C. 0.34 + 𝑗0.72 Ω D. 0.16 − 𝑗0.12 Ω
Solution:
𝑌𝑡 = 𝐺𝑡 ± 𝑗𝛽𝑡 = 𝐺𝐿 − 𝑗𝛽𝐿 + 𝑗𝛽𝐶
𝑌𝑡 = 4 − 𝑗8 + 𝑗5
𝑌𝑡 = 4 − 𝑗3 𝑠𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑠
1
𝑍𝑡 = 𝑌
𝑡
1
𝑍𝑡 = 4−𝑗3
𝑍𝑡 = 0.16 + 𝑗0.12 Ω

29