The sources and characteristics of

Waste treatment flow for steel plant

Submitted to :

Faculty: Prof. S Santha kumar

Topic : Industrial waste treatment and disposal

Slot: F1

Vit university vellore

Submitted by:

Mahindra (14BCL0207)

Prudhvi (14BCL0)

Harish (14BCL0)
Abstract:
Rashtriya Ispat Nigam -Visakhapatnam Steel Plant
Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited - Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (RINL-VSP), a Navratna PSE, is the country’s
first shore based integrated steel plant. It is known for its quality products and customer delight and a
market leader in long steel products for construction , manufacturing automobile , general engineering
and fabrication sectors.

RINL has wholly owned by the Government of India previously but due to huge loss government sold its
share so it is now Public. In November 2010, the company was granted the Navratna status by the
Government of India. In September 2011, the government announced plans to divest 10% of its stake in
RINL via an initial public offering.

Vishakapatnam steel plants contributes to the major of the water and air pollution caused in
vishakapatnam.

The rapid development that hit the city's shores and catapulted it to the second fastest 'emerging city' in
India, the City of Destiny is today staring at a very grimy future indeed.

Former power and finance secretary EAS Sharma has said that due to inaction from the Andhra Pradesh
Pollution Control Board (APPCB), the Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (VSP) is continuing to spew out
pollutants .

According to the former power and finance secretary, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), has
given a poor environmental rating to the steel industry in general and to VSP in particular. CSE has also
observed that VSP's poor record in containing pollution is primarily on account of APPCB's inaction.

The presence of lead in the waste water is problematic, as the place where this water joins the sea is a
site used by the local fishermen for fishing. Lead ingested fish can cause carcinogenic diseases.

Not only the presence of lead and other solid pollutants but especially the presence of chromium, nickel
and copper are hugely responsible for water pollution.

The air pollution caused by the uncontrolled and above threshold industrial emissions, municipal waste
incineration, vehicular traffic etc. cause drastic degradation of quality and instability of environmental
parameters. These parameters have to be stabilized and improved by proper protection measures.

The major pollutants of concern are SPM, SO2, NOX which have reached the critical level and rapidly
going beyond threshold (bearable limit).

Ground water is contaminated by high concentration of fluoride, nitrate, and zinc which cause fluorosis,
Methemoglobinemia (blue babies), and Ataxia respectively.
Another major threat is posed by mismanagement and improper disposal of municipal and industrial
solid wastes and hazardous waste.

The industrial emissions have a combined deteriorating effect on the health and well being of the local
communities, and the weaker sections are more prone to these adverse impact.

THE PROJECT AUTHORITIES (VSP) MUST CONSIDER USING LOW SULPHUR GAS/OIL. IF SUCH USE IS NOT
POSSIBLE, APPROPRIATE FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION DEVICES MUST BE INSTALLED AT THE RELEVANT
UNIT.

VSP AUTHORITIES MUST RECYCLE EFFLUENTS TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE. IN ANY CASE, THE TREATED
EFFLUENTS MUST BE USED FOR IRRIGATION OF AFFORESTED AREA.

VSP AUTHORITIES MUST RELOCATE SLUDGE/DEBRIS DUMP, THE ASH POND, THE LA-BOR AND STAFF
COLONY SHOWN IN THE SOUTH WEST CORNER AWAY FROM THE SEA SHORE. REVISED PLAN IN THIS
REGARD MUST BE SUBMITTED TO THIS MINISTRY FOR APPROVAL .

PRESENT AND FUTURE LINKAGE FOR COAL MUST BE ESTABLISHED AND REPORTED TO THE MINISTRY.

VSP AUTHORITIES MUST PROVIDE A GREEN BELT OF 3600 HECTARES. ABOVE GREEN BELT WILL INCLUDE
500 M WIDE GREEN BELT ON THE BOUNDARY OF THE ACQUIRED LAND.

OUT OF THE TOTAL GREEN BELT, 1970 HECTARES MUST BE DECLARED AS RE-SERVE FOREST UNDER THE
CONTROL OF VSP AND GOVERNED BY THE FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT 1980, THE BALANCE 1630
HECTARES MUST NOT BE USED FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE EXCEPTING FOR FURTHER EXPANSION OF THE
PLANT.

THE PROJECT AUTHORITIES (VSP) MUST CONSIDER USING LOW SULPHUR GAS/OIL. IF SUCH USE IS NOT
POSSIBLE, APPROPRIATE FLUE GAS DESULPHURISATION DEVICES MUST BE INSTALLED AT THE RELEVANT
UNIT.

VSP AUTHORITIES MUST RECYCLE EFFLUENTS TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE. IN ANY CASE, THE TREATED
EFFLUENTS MUST BE USED FOR IRRIGATION OF AFFORESTED AREA.

VSP AUTHORITIES MUST RELOCATE SLUDGE/DEBRIS DUMP, THE ASH POND, THE LA-BOR AND STAFF
COLONY SHOWN IN THE SOUTH WEST CORNER AWAY FROM THE SEA SHORE. REVISED PLAN IN THIS
REGARD MUST BE SUBMITTED TO THIS MINISTRY FOR APPROVAL .

PRESENT AND FUTURE LINKAGE FOR COAL MUST BE ESTABLISHED AND REPORTED TO THE MINISTRY.

VSP AUTHORITIES MUST PROVIDE A GREEN BELT OF 3600 HECTARES. ABOVE GREEN BELT WILL INCLUDE
500 M WIDE GREEN BELT ON THE BOUNDARY OF THE ACQUIRED LAND.

OUT OF THE TOTAL GREEN BELT, 1970 HECTARES MUST BE DECLARED AS RE-SERVE FOREST UNDER THE
CONTROL OF VSP AND GOVERNED BY THE FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT 1980, THE BALANCE 1630
HECTARES MUST NOT BE USED FOR ANY OTHER PURPOSE EXCEPTING FOR FURTHER EXPANSION OF THE
PLANT.

CONCLUSION :
Air quality improvement program's and climate protection policies are mutually dependent and
symbiotic, and beneficial to the environment, ecosystems and hence to human beings. Air pollution and
climate change (which includes global warming) influence each other by complex interactions in the
atmosphere and hence have repercussions for each other. The Green House Gases (GHGs) are
responsible for climate change because they have long
life time. Air pollutants are the causative of adverse impacts on human health, ecosystems and the
climate. Hence the pollution control strategies should include the abatement technologies of both CHGs
and other major air pollutants.

The earth-atmosphere energy balance is the balance between incoming energy from the Sun
(ultraviolet, shortwave radiation) and outgoing energy from the mother Earth (Infrared, long wave
radiation). This is achieved as the
energy received from the Sun is balanced by the energy emitted by our earth and its atmosphere back
to space. So a stable average temperature and hence a stable climate is maintained by our mother
Earth. The atmosphere is our protective shield.

Along with Nitrogen (N2, 78.084%), Oxygen (O2, 20.947%), Argon (Ar , 0.934%), Carbon dioxide (CO2,
0.033%) which forms 99.998% of the atmospheric gases, water vapour is also a common constituent of
our Earth's atmosphere which can be up to 3% on extremely hot and humid days, 4% being the upper
limit in the tropical regions or climates.