Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Wagner 1931 More realistic/ added mass theory/ the free surface rise at the interface/ used DRA<30
Objectives:
Validation of existing high quality experimental data of predicting 2D slamming loads on high speed catamarans using CFD
Understanding the mesh quality required for accurate simulation of flows with a high rate of change, such as catamaran impacting
with water.
Develop a new method by the aid of CFD to calculate the slamming loads on asymmetric large catamarans in a cost effective manner.
Continuity, momentum and energy equations. These equations are mathematical statements of physical principles upon which the whole fluid
dynamics is based:
1. mass is conserved
3. energy is conserved
The equations can be obtained in various forms, but for most hydrodynamics theory, the particular form of the equations used makes little
difference. The equations are the same whether the flow is around a ship, over a submarine, through a platform, past a cylinder, past a car or an
airplane. What separates the cases, are the flow fields determined by the boundary conditions. These conditions dictate the particular solution to
be obtained from the governing equations.
Remarks:
1.Domain:
In 1995 Arai found that the suitable dimensions for the computational space were 6 times the model breadth and 6.6 times vertically downwards
from the keel.
Using…… CFD to model slamming of a 2D catamaran hull form.
Solver to determine the motions of a body during slam event
Validating …. CFD results against past work drop test data obtained by Whelan (2004)
ANSYS cells (vertex numbers) are not distributed in a well-known order. So trying this method using COMET, is complex, and inaccurate, as,
the primary grid is expanded and contracted to fit around the moving secondary grid (model).
In this method the fluid moves while the ship remains stationary in the domain. The inlet boundary is either the inlet velocity or pressure
depending on the more important to be independent variable and the outlet boundary is a pressure boundary.
Both bottom and top boundaries are specified as pressure boundaries; however the bottom one varies according to the variation in the pressure
head above the bottom (ship movement) in order to maintain a zero inlet velocity to the fluid. Ship moves in the space, so no distortions happens
to the primary grid.
Comparisons:
Chine at centre bow piercer, Flap Control system (simple and effective increase in the pitch damping), Al-Kahera demihull shape at the centre bow,
Experiments were carried out on two scale models in regular and irregular sea states by D’Arcy et al. (2006), and data for this study is presented
on regular wave motions. The experiments conducted provide a valuable source of data on high speed planning craft. The experimental results
were then compared with the motion predictions of a 2D numerical model. The results presented indicate that the numerical model adopted gives
a good representation of the motions of the craft. The full analysis of the emiprical strip theory is presented in appendix B. These experimental
results are used for the validation of the 2D CFD strip method in chapter 9.
1. There are Three Main Methods within CFD, each solving fluid models of increasing complexity:
a. Panel method:
Assumptions: inviscid, incompressible and irrotational potential flow
b. Euler Equation:
Assumptions: Inviscid flow, eliminating a second derivative.
There are a number of commercial, academic and open source solve s available including ANSYS CFX, ANSYS Fluent, CD-Adapco, FreeCFD
and OpenFOAM. For this project, ANSYS CFX was selected for the following reasons:
• CFX is a commercial code, and has a good user interface as well as customer support. The ease of use and availability of support reduces the time spent
learning how to use the software.
• CFX is a validated code, and this removes the need to develop or verify a new code.
• CFX has the ability to allow user defined functions to be written in FORTRAN.
SPH:
Preliminary work by Shahraki et al. (2011) has shown the potential of SPH to model the slamming of multihulls. It is proposed that SPH
presents significant advantages over other CFD approaches since it has the inherent capacity to capture free surfaces, sprays and complex
kinematics.