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    NEUROCIENCIA RUSA DE PRIMERA

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    Anokhi n 1955

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    NEUROCIENCIA RUSA DE PRIMERA

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    31 views15 pages

    Anokhi N 1955

    Uploaded by

    neuralterapianet
    NEUROCIENCIA RUSA DE PRIMERA

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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Cranua pkmovenua cyGxopTHKeabHNIX KoMmaeKCon onpexeneH- Horo GuOMOTHTYeCKOTO BAKA, ANeKHATHOTO Neel naNMO; oKpy7Ka10- eit ofccranonke, 3, Craaum wa6uparerbiioro nocxogamero cyGKopTiKaxsHOro nos gelicrous xa oGmMpRMe oGnacTie Kops ronOBHoro Moara, Tx¢ mpo— NeXORNT YiKe OKOMTATETHHAA HATErpAlNA HepBRBX Mpomeccon, mpey- inectayiomas chopsuponanio nopezenaecKoro akTa B HOON. Wurepec cocront » roxt, ¥To nce aTm TPH eTANWH, KAK nOKAaH- Bact aKCHepUMeHT H TpAKTHKa HNSHE, pasBmBaOTeR "B TOTAX ce- xyugst. 910 x cers ToT peansnstil AMAWHOM B paore Moara, MoMH- Maite KoToporo cocransiier amy oGmy10 He. Hecxoasno ner nasay Mmoit Guna mpeqmontena Koumenmun pn nonmMamus oOmeit duanoxoriaeckolt apxnteKrypst yeronsoro ped- srenca (II. K. Anoxnn). 9ra apxmrenrypa BKMOYaeT B COOMA HecKOL- Xo pema¥omurx anenben, epmMMe m narkReliMMM 19 KOTOPEIX ARIATETCA adebepentmstit cuntes, Gaaronapa KoTopomy onpereraeten KaK qop- aaponamite HstenTIo 9TOro MOBeEMeCKOTO AKra, TAK M KONTpO:TE ero adiexrupuocrn ¢ noxomt oparnoit adepepentamin Hsxonenmste qannsre 1 1X ananwa Golam nocaamenst paa6opy nefipopwanonorieckax mexammamon, menno crazmm adipepentHoro cumtesa. Tlocaennne rons xawT nam aco Goxce m Gone yrowAW- ue peayasrarst o neoGaTMEX ropraonTax oToro nazknelilmero Me- xamiaqa. Korza-ro Hi. II. Hanaon » o6paanoii opme uaanan ap chepentyw dynxnmo Kops eToopeckan bymKuAy. Tipunexennnit nasr xarepna eme paa monrsepqaer upanna-- nocrs onensir aifepentmoit dymnum Kops Gomme nonymapuit a wMecTe ¢ TeM OKassIBAeT Te OFPOMEIO TOPHIONTS, KoTOpKIe OTKPH- sawter nepex yuenMKamn H mocrenosareamwit HI. TI. Masaosa B xa- paxrepuictike Mmoroo6paanKix HelipoduanorormuecKMx Mpoueccon, cunmTeanponanmesx avomonutest » yexopnoxe pedaoKce, ae OCOBEHHOCTH A®®MEPEHTHOYO ATIMAPATA YCJIOBHOrO PE®JIEKCA MW MX 3HAYEHUE JIA MCHXOJIOruu * Kas waneerio, mxoxa WIT, Manzona nponsaser menasenstit unrepec K MpoOuenat WexONOrMMt, oCOGeMHO K TEM BONPOEAM, KOTO- PHe MMeHT NorpaHiNsoe sHANeRNMe jam GuanomormM BBIeMeH RepA- Holt nestexenocrH. Ha upormxeauu wcero uepvona passuria yseHua 06 yeroBHAX pedxexcax Wi. II. Tassos Mnoro pas sbtcrymax ¢ oKmaxas Ha KOH- Tpeccax MeHXOMOTOB I HOKAGA, HACKOABKO BeTHKa Pom paspadoran- Horo MMC HOBOrO pasena dusKoxornn B aTepHatMoTHTecKO! pac- mnhponke cnoxmsix BxoMTit neuxuTecKolt ‘KAHN TeTOBeKa. B 0co- Gennocrit, KONeGHO, OM MORYepKHNaN aHaeHie OTKPMTOTO Int yenosoro pedrexca m1 Gwaoxormsecnoro TORMMAHHA TeopiM ac conmanmit nenxoxornm. Mwenno atoxy nonpocy fomKeR Gwin Guts Hocnamen ero xecocromsmiien noKnaz na Menxynaponuos mex xoaorsmmecxost Kourpecee p Maxpmie » 1936 r. ‘Voene o asicumelt neppnoli Aenremsnoerm, onoamenuoe yuenwest © nsammogelicrsum mepsoit 1 sTopoii cHTRATHMEIX cHeTeM, HOsBOmHIO eme rayOxe BoliTh B cHO‘HMe Mponecest Toit Bstemel HepaHOli Nes- TexDMOCTH, HOTOPAN ABsIACTER enemNpITecHO IR YeMOREKA, T. e BblemIol NepnHol xeaTembnocTH, wMiABNACMOl Hepes POs I Mésuxe~ nine, OgnaKo, wes Sombie 1 TomuIe nXOAHT duranoxor BHCMelt Hepa Holt ReATENBHOCTH B ABNOIUA NCHAHIeCKO! jeATEMBHOCTIE weOHEKA, tem Gonsnre on yerzacTeH B Tom, NTO TOMATHE YeoDHOrO pedex ca, Kak yauBepcamsHoe GuanonornecKoe MONATHE, NO:KHO M jab me oSoramarsest nooner GaKran, COmMKAIUUIMI ero ¢ UIETO Hert Xonorieckintm NoRATHAM, Co cRoeii CTOpORD MCHXONOTNA, BOOpy- HKeHMaR RCeMM TocTINKeHITAMM conpeMeHROH xawomorMs Moara i ‘ocoGerno RocTInKeIMAMH n obxacTIE wEICMeit NepEHoit jesTebIOCTH, HOWAHA epeeMoTpeTs CHON OcHOLUMe TONATHA MOR yroM apeHui arHx aocripxennii. Hixave rovopa, gelicrouremunti yemex » nocr POeHN MaTepHanneTHTecKOi nemXonOrH MOxeT MpilliTH TONBKO B ——— Tom enysae, ec gusuonor m-nenxoror SyAyT wanpanaxts cxox | maneKanma D coorpeTcroMH ¢ oGmei copmecrHo opsryampyenoi 20- navel * Bonpoen nexozorny, 1955, 1.6, 6 10-88 (orang na Coventnns 10 neH- xonorug 16 moan 1955 7). — ste Ocobennocru aiitbepenrnoto annapara yeananozo pesiaenca ‘Mat ntoxa eme qameKit or taKoit opranuaonanuoit 1 Kommrexcnoit paapaGorkie ocnonnux nonarii nenxoxoru. OxmaKo ects onma Gopma conwectanix yewmi, Koropan Mower Onis ¢ noxbsoii mpm prevena K paaperenino otoli narKNoik » MeTooAOTUTecKoM oTHoMIE- HME 3aqaunit, 9TO — COMMECTHBLE COREMTARI 1 KOHTpeccst UCHXOOFOR 4 Guamonoros. Tlyers oto ananeres NORA TO MepHEIM BTATIOM B paapeMtenint Bos HyDOMX GusKoroTa m NeHXoNora MpoGHEM, ONHAKO, KAK nOKAKA.T onsit ButeTynsiennit Ha noxoGusIx Konrpeceax camoro Hi. Il. Hap.to- ba, OH, HecoMHeHHO, MPHBOANT K NOTOKMTeABNEIM Peaymsrarant. Visemmo Gxaroxapa’ atu BeleTynaenMaM K HacTommeMy spescexm MeTKO HanentiaMes yanoBBIe Hompocst quswoxorme 1 . mextxosorEnt, a YsonMe 0 wbtcMel HepaHoll AexTemBNOCTHE cTaxO OcHOBO! jaUK pas paGorkit Marepnaamermecxoit NemxomOrsK, Tpnmas wa ceOn vecTs cxenath Raytmstit poKaR Ha Conemarunt neuXOTOTOD, A, eCTeCTBeHMO, MocTaBIIT MepeN coGolt Bompoc: KaKoit KO Na MHONHX yastonsie MoMpocon duaKoMOrH m meMXoAOrHI 0x aKeM craTh UpemMeTOM. Moero cooMEHNA LIX TOTO, YTOGBK GsizIa ot paplava cama aanava Kowmaexcnoit exis qitsuoxorum m, teu xoxormn? 0 peuraromes porn adrpepenrisix exterest ® nepanioit esTexbrocTm Muoroxermnit onset Molt 3 Monx coxpymKAKos Ho mayueHito 10- BeAeHICCKUX AKTOR ZKNBOTHBIX YOCAN Men, ¥TO TAKHM YauOBEIM bonpocom Mowe GuirL yuMBepcarbHad x pemaroman poms adbepent- holt yukuuu opranitena’n dhopwaponannt ero BbCuIUX UpNCTocoG- enmit 10 MCHXH4YeCKIX AKTOB BKAOTNTETEHO. B camom sexe, eqpa mu MoxtHo waiiTi KaKoii-mnGo npucnocobi- ‘TeAbHbIit AKT *KKBOTHOFO HIM WeAOBeRA, B KOTOPOM Gui He BRICTYNATA ia nepsuiti naan pow adibepentmax mmyabcanm, petaunaennix pastparearounen arenrann pnemero anipa. KoxGniupynch » eaxtx pasmoospannsix covieranmax, adyepenruie womyarscana ooyutec- hanion noctonnbtit KomTpons Way TeN, WA6 WeHTHO TOARNR jeNATE b raninalt woxenr wentpaxiian Hepenan cucrewta w Kaxoit yoop Da Gowx vos6ya jenni Tome caroMUTECA Mp Aanuoil BHeUTHell cH ‘TyaUMH, YTOGHt sUNOTHOe Morao MpHeMOcoONTLCA K eit MaItHELrOR, HeiimmmM o6paaom. ‘Dra oGntan pond advepeuuoik dywtiqust suoro pa mw orwer- ainsoii Gopme Guia (bopmysuponania Ml. Tl. Tannonse nanan 4911 r, worza om Moxarax chon npexeranacmin uumenos rexTpe. Yoke rorga waweritock ero wrteue 0 pemauonel: poxu acbdbepertr- oro otgena nenrpaminoit nepnioi cncTewst, a. untocaexeramt Ta mporaenun nceit enooii TwoplecKoit xesttemuuocTu on ue pas BO3- ppamasen & Toi meicau, B 1914 1, om uncan: «fl aymaw, sro raA5- Ocobennoctu agibepenrnoto annapara yeaoskoro pegacnea Sit nai nentp' TarKecTi Mepsuoli AemTemHoCTU aakmuONBeTER UNCHHO B nocupumncanomel: wactx qeurpamuoli craimunt; TyT nexuT ocH0- name mporpecea yeHtparsuoit wepauoit cuereMss, KoTopstit ocy- myecroameTeR ToouABIM wosTOM, GoabiuMMat HomyuTapHAMN; Beck oenonnoli opram Toro conepurentieimtero ypantionenntnaniia” nnem- ero Mapa, KoTopoe HOMTONacT coFoiL BuIeMIMe *UNOTHETE opramts- aibt, act axe Neurpoeninat — npocro nenoamrexbuan» (IlaBson. Monn. eo6p. cox: M.— JI. Man-vo AH CCCP, 1949. T. 3, xn. I). B AaasHelimes on HenaMenuo upuzepaxnuaren sToit TOUR ape- hn, @ nech axticckuii Matepiian BHLeMel MepEuoit AeHTemDxToCTIE pacemarpunadt » cooruererinn ¢ wei, Moxkto uosTomy onyerntt ero MMOTOMNCACUMNHe BHICKAsIBAUII NO 9ToMY OKAY. OfmaKo ero nocaennan dopmyanponxke nowKHa Gur oGasaTeMDHO axecs mpmBe- neva, NocKoasky B Het AacTen TambHolimee yrayGrenne Otol weHt We MOCKOADKY ON MoCAyAkiT aM OTMPABEAM NYMKTOM TIA AamoHtet- MMHX aBICKAHI B OTOH OBuIACTH. PasGnpan orgeatnmie npoCacmst wetemei mepanolt nextembrocti, WL. TI, Tlaaon ronopnr: ¢Eenx noi montpaxsayi wepnyio encto- MY AEINT TOABKO Ha WE NOOBNM — adybepenTHyio u aipdbopext- HW, TO Mile KaneTeR, vr0 Kopa uoxymapuit MpexcraBameT coGoit waouponannik abbepentimit orgex. Botox orpome steKmounTets- ‘MO MponexogaT aotemsit anastra K enuTe MpHMOCANEIX paanparKennit, Mt oToIRA yoke cordate KOMGUNayUN pasdpaxenuit u TopaOHKENUTE (uoxsepxnyro muow.— JZ. A.) uanpasaswrea ® agybepentutait o1- nex. Muave rosopm, roanxo addepentisii: ecrs axtuBnitit, TAK cKa- arb, mopuecknit oFae, a obdepentmstit — mmm maccrmtssit, werox- murrensasiiiy (TTanaon, Ton. co6p. cos. M.—JL,, Hag-no AH CCCP, 1949, 7, 3, wat, 2, ¢. 104—405). Heexomtxo moaqnee Hi. Tl. Tanzon eme Gonee onpenexenno yxa- sau na TO, 870 Hamme addbepenTHsX uninymicami ABARETCR «1Ie- oGxomumaI yenonHeM> —peryaupyiomtero BaanA KeHTpamLHoft epanoii enerescst Ha nepsipepitueckie opranst. Taxior oGpasom, sot numiss, 970 B KORMenmw Hf, II. Tannowa 0 neaoctHolt qearexbuocta oprakwama adiepentag vac, nepnioit cuerems, T. €., » KOHN KORUOB, HaMNIE HOcTOAUNX adybepertHEx aumyaneanuit © mepichepmst, aannara yentpamsnoe xecto. Mirre- pectio, TO cpannuterbaste KouecTueMEMe MophorormuecKHe mC- CAeAOnANA Hepp BONOKON aaAKNX K MepeRANX KOpeHIKoN ToKa- ul, TO NYBETOITENGHMX BOOKON H cyMae Rcerga B3—5 pas Gomnine, wea uurarembHitx, Dto oGeToRTeMscTR sai pas MOA epximaer yaunepearsnoe anavenne Gynxmu adepeporrnsx noxoKon. Oxuaxo ¢ mpiauanem yRmnepeatnoro anavenua adibepentaoro orgena neutpaasHoit neponoil cucremEt noaRUKaeT MecKOmEKO n0- mpocon. TIpemqe ncero Gpocaeres m raga Annioe HecoorseTernMe MoHRY sro ommeutedt m pec>nextopnoit teopneit Jlexapra. B casos zene, a 7 312 Ocobennocru adghepenrhote ennapata yeaoenoro peaenea xaxyio poas [lexapr orsoaur adibepenrnosy ormeay néurpansuoii nepanoit cctemsi? Kax eneayer na oSmenpunstoli cxemat pyrH pedrexca, adibepentaad usmyascamist ncerqa urpacr » meit por TORDNO YCKOHOO eTHMyaa, ¢ToraKar, Jror cruMyx MoKET OKITS Meee cxORTBIM MAR Goree cHORKMEIM, HO Mo caMOMY eMEIOTY «yr pedtexcay om nenpeMeHHo ARAACTEA TOALKO MANAALMDI TOTKOM Pasnuurio toro nat Apyroro peduextopuoro peiierans, Taras oGpa- Bom, Aan pasnutmn peguexTopHOrO AelieTBUA, neera nexecoobpaano UplenocaGamBaIomero OpraMiiaM K OKPYAAWULAL YeAOBIEAS, TO. KOH neuunit exapra, neoGxonum ToxbKo adhepenrassit erumyst, 1 oTHM, B eynuoerit, a orpanuaunaeres, mo JeKapry, poxt advbepeutuoit cuctesst 3 opsmposanmit MpHcnocoGureNbUBIX ATOR *RNDOTHEIX 1 esonet SInuoe xecoorserernne ¢ Tem dbopuyaupookawu H. Il. Tansona, Koropive Hast Goin Mpimenenot BBIEe H 0 KoTopHIN adhcbepentHoft cucreme Mpumnesivaeren pemraomas pom » cbopxnponanint ¢xoMGu- amit nosdyacqenitit Topwonesmiiy. B vext rayGoxaa eyrb ororo mpotnnopesns? Ona aaknovaeren, pene Bcero, 8 TOM, TO mepsoMavarnuas pedbreKTopHan cxeMa, npomonennas [lexapro (eayra pedaexcar), okanamact inno He Rocrarowoli, vroGst OGrscHHTS Neck pasnoodpasnutit GaxrusecKii Marepuadt, noaysentsti, ocoSenno n umone H. I]. Hanaona, np Haynenmt fyrasloxornM ApNenocoGurexbMor HovegeHHA LeAOTO xI- Buea onepnixe » Hayky nonsTue pnemnero crmMyza, KAR cbak- ‘ropa, oGyexonaumaomero mpuenocoGaenue mmOTHOTO x “mHeMIHEMY amupy, Texapr cocayacia Commyw carym6y mporpeccy matepmazm- crusecnaix aHanuit 0 seaonexe. Baecto nemkoro poyla «cHonTannsrxy Wf eHANAYAABMBXS CAUSE OH MOCTADILE Ha MepnAik man marepuamt- woe posfeliereNe BHEMIMNX areHTOR Ha HepsHyIO cHeTeMy *aMDOTHEX Mt wenoneka. DTUM CAMBIM OM YeTAHODIET yeTepmuNMCTUMECKYIO 9a- DNCHMOCTD NOBeReHUA AKUBOTHHX OT MaMeHeHUi BHemuero spa. Menno oty etopouy » peduextopxoi reopma JJexapra mpunu- wean II, TI, Tasnos, currant ce enaysiolin, HocKoxsKy ona conepmenno ornevaer ‘TpeGonatnay 9aKORA MpUMHNHOCTA B *KUSHIE oprannaMon. Onnaxo, yeranowms snaxenHe Ma¥axbHOrO HEeMerO eTHMyza nan pesbrexropHEIX oTneToD skBoTHOrO, JleKapT cosepmeRHO oGomer MomfanireM Bompoc: MoNeMy oTReT YerecooOpasen? Toxemy crumya UpweoquT K woadyakneHINO TaRHX KoMGHHANM HeRTpaMbMEN nepn- HBX BAEMEHTOB, KOTOPBIE HenpemenNO UpomBAmOTeR Ha nepmiepmit saeNHO » anHolt dopme paGounx youl, a Re n Apyroi? Stax vonpocon Jlekapt mepen coGoli He cranna, Kak me TOcTaBKT om 4H pompoca 0 TOM, KaK OfrANHOM UeMpARAReT OMINOKY B TOM cnyTae, een peshaexropasti orger He ax MpnemocoGurebroro amebexta. SAoaaach no cBoeMy mupososapenmo ayammcrom, JlexapT ocrapna OMOC 0 HexecooSpasnoerm pedektopnoro oTpoTa Wa Tom «BIC — ee Ocobennocru agishepenrnoco annapara yeaosnoro pepacnca 313 mero paayma» x arin cass ma Muoro Tet ompereaHa new cyAbOy May EMMA CHOFKUBIX MPHEMOCOOUTEADHBIX AKTOR. Momo exaaars Gea mpeynemmienuin, 470 Ha npormmenm noero Ronansonckoro meplona paanmrus duatonoria Hepnnolk cucrentst YrayGanaa Mm yrownaTa anata Mpoueccon, cocTantMOmNX ¢Ayry pediiekcay, HH paay He MomsITanack jaTb uawoaornuecKy!o TpaK- ronxy cayoro qaxra renecoopaanocrm pedtextopHoro orveTa. Bean » mponece mpuobperenna monstx peihxcxtopmnix aKToR — yenonusx pedaexcos — haxrop noaxperinenus, V1. TT, Tlanaon Tex ‘canbin KOpeHHTIN OGpagom amen new cyALOY MGYNERMA cHOHHX Mpucnocoburea EBX aKTOR *RUBOTHOTO, B orom dhaxre m neu paspeutente Toro mporHBopesisA, KOTO- poe noammxaer B cpasH ¢ pBicoKoi ouenKoi HM. TI. Tlannonnms po- niaomel poan adebepenrnsix uamyzbcammic » (opymponanmn cno%%- HBX MoneReHYECKUX aKTOD. SuamHTenbioe KonmuecTAO uccmexonamnit, MponeAeHMBIX sows corpyanmkaum na mpotaxemmm 25 aer, yOexiixo mac, sto paspeme- Mile ator Mpormnopesitx Mayo HeKATh He n HaTANKHOH YACTHE ¢nyrHE pedrexcay — y ero no6yamteasuoro ermmyza, a a Apyrom KOHIE pedaexca, 7. e. y camoro pedutextopnoro neiicroua. Hivenwo x HeMy Brocopnos oTHocuTes nce To, 470 IT. TI. Tasos ckasan 0 peuiax- meit pom adxbepenruoro orgera nenrpatsHolk mepntoit emcrests, ee cTmMA K MnTepecaM HeTOTO opramnama, T. €. TO, 470 B cyMUHOCTIE x aacaynubaer ouMTera «THOpICeKity. Pednextopnan teopux Jlexapta npeanonaraer, wro peduiextop- nuit oTBer opranitama mBaReTeR meecoopasnsiN ¢ caMoro nayaA, ero MpucHUCUGuEHOET x jWHHDI BHLIUKAA yeAORMA mpeRNOME racten Kak HexTO camo coGoit paaymewmeccs. Baaronaps aromy nce BUNManne GuanOOrMH Gui MHOrO eT HaMpanneno B cTopony YaKe TOTORIX, cxlOARMANTIXes panlee perptertopDIx axTon. O7MaKo MecooT- ReTCTOMe CTApHIX MpeneTARTeMMTt o neeli cHoMMOcTIE npHeMocoGNTeAy- Horo WonegeuIA sKIKOTHOTO eTANO ocoNeNiKo NAIMYKABN HEMI w Tor MoNeHT, KorAa Na CHERY BBICTYNMIO HayYeNHE casoro nporecca Gopxaponaims naw verpaGorKH nOnsX pedieKTopHAS oTNeTOR, m0- ‘TpeGonawmiux Nenpemennoli nogronKM peduiekca ¢ MoMoMbio Merona NOAKpeDAEHHA, WTO, KAK ManecTHO, H COCTANAACT CANYWO cyTb yerOR- noro pedrexca, Todo Tax ake ‘MexoctaTowMocT® «KAacctueCKoit» pedhuekroprroii teopn craxa ocoGenno ovewnnnok 1 » TeX axcmepH- MemTax, TAC *iMOTHOe B MOPAAKe KoMmoncamM HapymeMHHX ¢byRK- ik josnKHO Guo Ka THagaX KcHEpUMeHTaTOpA CoaAABATs conep- MieHUO Hooke PedrexropaEe aKTHY, aoKBaTTO MprcnocaGamBaxomHe ero K RomuM yeroRHaM sxNaHH. HMeRRO 270 Mocaemnee m Gyxer Mpenmetox oGcyrKnenHA B mlocaeRyIOMIeM payee TOTO jOKTARA. B14 ___OcoBennocru ag Pepenrvoto annapara yeroenoee pesiackea Teopun o6parnoi \bhepeuranun Hawstan ¢ 1930 r, nama xaGopatopum menpepsano aanuqactest wayaeHHeM MoXANTIIMOD KOMMEHCAMMN HapymennbIx dbynKnmTit opra- aitasta, 3ta yaueKarersnan upoema napaay ¢ orpoxnoi Teopers ReoKOll ee HAAKHOCTHIO MOaBOMACT HAM TAKE HOUT H nce Te MpH- crtocobaennA Gonsnoro opranitaua, KoTope coeranamIor ecutsn0RO- Timeckyio Mepy» mporua Goneamn 1 upwnoysT ero yNKNNOKATBNBIE ocoGennocrm B cooTneTcrate ¢ MoBKINIt yenonnaNN. B arom exbicxe Hani MIlpoKO maytamles KoxmencatopHite pHemocoGaeRnA, woout- Kame Mp Hapymrenun moTopmerx yMKnmit AuROTHOrO B pesy-rb- ‘TaTe pasmiutioro pona erenuarsusns ompamuii, ocobenno B pesyah- TaTe MepeKpecTHBIX aHactoMoson Mepamute crnonon (C5.: TIpoGreMa uentpa © nepudepuat. Peg. I. K. Anoxsu. Topoxmii, 1935). Kak manecrHo, napymeniin soropHok jexremsnoctm Kotencupy- orca nocre HeNoTO pata cram, w KOTOPHIX wKMROTHO® MpHGeraet Pag TpHEMOM, saMenmMOMU HapyureMttyio GyHKINIO H AAI- TUM eMY ROAMOXKHOCTE MoaysItTs cooTReTeTYIOM mprteMoCobm- reapnit adgext. Eca napymenie aenocratowno — o6mmpxo, To YBNMA HoccTaNaRMBacTeA B Goeo MAR Meree conepurennose nmge. Bech mpouece noceranonxenun mAeT oFBuHO © orpomHBtN pas wooGpaanem MomsToR mempannenin jeerta, oxwarstBaiomyx nce Ypynust atoms seIBOTHOTO. Rox noxasaa wanmm mpawste axenepnaents, ator uponece KOM nencanun HqCT MesAeHHee, cea KoHeMHOETD, oxy Mapyme- une @yHKuM 8 peayasrate nepexpectisix anacrowosos epson, na- pantee Readibepentsponarh nan Hocao Yeranoannmelien KommencameH Yqwiurh cooTnereTayimy! KopKony!o sony (Anoxim, Huanon, B xu: Ipo6aema nenrpa m nepudepum. Popoxnii, 1935, ¢. 72). OcoGenno orxermEo 9a pemaioman pox’ adbepentustx mwnyzbea- anil ¢ nepribepmit 8 KoMmencarmr uponecca BBIcrynHxa B aKemepH mento 9. A. Acparana, ynamimmero nonnocTt#0 Kopy rononnoro moara, B atix yeronnax Kownentcatopmatit mportece Gs nosmoers0 mepoaonen ‘Ham Nor Gor necosa orpanmiennsm (Acpatan. Die anonorns rerpaiutoi nepsroit enctessst, M., Har-no AMH CCCP, 1954). : $I ne meio B HNAY B 9TOM AOKIAA MaxaraTh, neI MpoBrEMy KOM neneanum ¢bynintii; 970 Ost aaneno Hac qameKo n cropony. Mune maiko celiac NOKAdaTb, YO MaleHMO PaspaGorka aro! MpOGAeNH TO crapitaa Hepes Haslit snepsbie RoMpoe O HeMOcTaTOTHOETIC OFEACHERMA Mpowecca KoMMeHCAIHN TOLKO 1a OCHORe eKapToncKoit exexot «pedackropnof xyrm». Ira paGora norpeGonana or mac dopmyan- PosKM xonOAHHTEREHOTO aReNa pelfreKca B Be MoeTOAHO pelieT- sytomeli o6parnoit acibepentamam. B nopaake yrayGnentia nocranonkw wceiexonanma 0 KonKpeTmEtx Mexamishex, MOCTeHeNHO MpHBORAMX & KoMMeNcaNM NapymeRMAy, - - ee Ocobennoeru aghfepenrnoro annapara yesosnoea pegaerca tS bynxuii, wot vsignimya tp nonpoca, Ges pemenun Koropsix we Gs UMK@KOH HOaMOAMOCTH RCKPHITh MNTEMHBIe MEXAHMOMBE KOM MencaropHstx npucnoco6zenmi, Drm nonpocst exesyIOIHe 1) Momer am nomtpanbian Hepnian enerema RayaTs KoMmenca- Topuiaii mponece Gea eurnasmaanun ¢ nepicpepmr o nanwanM jodper- ra yWAIUM 1 © MOMONWN KAKMX KORKPeTMBX adubepentmasx ae nyapeantit ota enrnanntsaiuin oeymectiaAeTeR? 2) Tockounky nee HOUMTKH >KKHOTHOTO KoxMeHeMponaTs. jeMbext opuentaponanst & cTopouy meHHo Koxnencanun geiheKTa, nosMMKAeT Rompoe: KakMe KONKpeTHMIC duawomorMuecKHe MexaniaMst OMpeRe- amor uampanaenne memoii nen KoxmeucaTopHEx mpuemocobaeMnit Mes n eropouy KowtoneaiEH podhexra? 3) Ha octione xaxoi muopmanuin meuTparbuan Kepsiam cxere~ Ma onpexeaner KoMel| MpHenocoSMTeAbEBIX peakmti, T. e. BoceTAHOD- nenie mapymenusix Gyuxiunii; Ha OcHOne KAKEX MeXALMAMOD OMA Tpekpamaer jaabueiiinne TonkTKH voceTaNoNTeNMA 1 aaxpenaaer cXo;RiMnULyloch AaltoRO eMeTOMY NenTpabABX naanwooTHoMTeMMi? Tocrarouno wanwatexsno upoanaruanponats ote Tpx nompoca, uro6it ungers, wT0 Gea Gorce Ham Monee ymORNETHOpiETeTETOTO OT neva Ha HX He MO;KeT GuTh MUKaKoli aaKonvennOi Topi Kosten cant hynxiunii, Tomko oTneTi@ ma mix, MBX eMomex nocTpouTS TeTepMMUNCTHYeCKH cHAIAHUYI Yeu GUaMoTOruNeCKHX mpomeccon, TanpaRIAONNUX KOMMeHCALNO OT MOMeHTA ManeceNnMA jedexTa TO somerra noceranonsemts ¢pymxqmnt, Tax Gone noxpoSuoro oanakowsenns ¢ paspaGorKoit aux Tpex Ronpocon na Moxexax napymenusx GyHKNM, « OTeHMAN “TATE eit X count uocrenMI nyGamKamnAs Ha oty Tey (IL K ANoxiH. «Xupyprumy, 1954, N10, Ni 12). B macrontee we BpeMA A OCraHOBAIOcD Ma Tex OOmMx 9aKOHO- MepHoctsx, KoTopsie HeHa6exKHO BKITeKAIOT WS HAMINX MBOrOTeTHEX cexexonanmil, uocBAMeHHBX oto BOMpOCy. TIpeane nero cxeayer ykasats, wT Hm ono pedfueKropHoe xeiicTane, KoTopoe nosnnkaet B oTReT na cHrMamMaanTo 0 nedexre Gymnum, ne MoxkeT upmectm K KaKoMy-7m60 noxonnTembHOMy 26) Gerry Gea nemenaennoit oGparnoit adebepenranas, swimoelien no- RagaTeaeM, ocraTosuoit AM MeXocTaTONMOK aqybexruonocTA conep- menuoro pegurexropuoro xeiieraus, Bea stoit ofpatuoit enramusayum o crenenn yenemmoctm nep- mux pebxeKropisix otneTon HeHTpambuol meppiol eneTews 10 MO- axer GuITh HUKANOTO ROCCTAHORNENIIN HapymtenuBLK spy nntTi. Tiperae neero Mue xoredoct Ost oroBopNTs casi reps 406- parnan agbepenrannay, npeqroxonnmit nan sin obwacnenus HenpepsBnoro Koppermposanua mpomeca Koxuentcanun ¢ mepube- im. Cabtex atoro Tepaitia cocronr » Tox, ro aibepenruam cura Jisaanis, BoaumMKaiomax # peayaorare pedextopHoro jelieTans, Ha- paszenta n cTopolty maemo Toro KoMMAeKca Mporteccos WeaTpanb- a B16 __OcoGennocru agigepeurnoeo annapara ycaoonoso peshsenca Holi Hepanoii citereMss, Koropstik oGyeaonna Ha meprcbepum naRnoe nelictane. Dro » nogmiunos omutene cona ¢opariasy adpepenta- Tus, MocKonsKy Ona Manpansena o6paTHo uo OTHONIeHIO K OT3By- vapmeny apertopHoMy nos6yntqenluo, &@ MpEXOAMT K wayaXbMEO cranmusn oTnpanaeusit 9Toro soabyxnenna. Cxewarnyeenit oti paaumonelicrans MoxKHO MaOGpaaKTh B caenymueN BHTe (pu. 1). Boanuxaer ecrectaertii nonpoc: Kak UIMpoKO MoryT Gur pac- _ parnas eles ¢ Crunge npocrpanensr orit BaamMogelicrssin n eropony nopuastbHoii pedhex- ‘Topnoit nearexbuoeTH AMBOTHHIX m YeOReKA? B xawectue upmmepa mperkye ero cxexyer yKagars ma anaye- ume dhaxta MoAKpenenuA B BHIpAGoTKeE yexonumx pedxexcon paa- aueoro GnonormecKoro anaxenus, Bnonx camo nonatwe moaKpen- xenus, H. Tl. Hanson conepmtenno ovestiano austen coGe oGparnoe Haupabrenne Tex agxbepentunix uxmyabcauunii, KoTOpsIe BoaHMKaIT ot osgelicrans Geayerosinim paaiparkireaes Ha paanicaitbte KOM Gunanmn perrenropHbix oGpasonann B camose gee, nak rosopur cansiit catsien oToro sMpaxkenicA, {aogKpenanTsy MORN TOADKO ITO-TO TaKOe, WTO YE HMCET MeCTO, eymecrayer 1 snanores agpecarow camoro uoakpenuoniin. Kak yoi AWM HOKE, TAKUM mpegMIecTeyIOMMM OBpazonanmen suaAeTeA yenoN- Hoe noaGynKqeHe mB Kope roxopMoro Moara,' TowNee, noa6yxRAeMKE KopKonoro mMpexerasntesscrna Geayeronnoro ‘NeMTpa, ‘HIaBATHOC yor owHEIM pasapaxcnrestes. Taxm oGpaaom, KaK BuIpAGoTKa, TAK m MoceAyIOMee cymecTno- Banue yenosnoro pedbAeKca MBICAMMBL TOABKO MPH NocTomMnOM nO;- Kpenzennn ero GeaycxosHbin MAK MpH nocTosnHo% o6parnoit adhe penranu. Ionnpenserne yeronnoro peduexca ecrb, Kak WanectMo, Guorormuecknit dbakTop, onpenermwmNN NenecooSpasiocrs upmecmo- coGzenna oprammana x nanmeM BHemEnM yeuoonan. Toxkpennenne smaserex Gaxropoxt, Koppermpyionm 910 MpncniocoGaenme, u, cxe- HowatenbHo, OHO ABAMETER TAKOW %KO MeOTHEMIENO! waCTEIO Yen! Horo peuexca, xak 1 atoGan OGparuag adpeponranua B eayaae MocHejOBATeNbHBX KoMMeHeATOpHBIX nprtenocoGtenMit smANeTeH He orsevaenoli vacToIo mpoKoBeAenHoro pedmexTopnoro neiieTBHA. C orolk TOWKR apenna Gsin0 Oot mpanuutbaBIE yKazaTH, WTO, BRERA Gaxtop monKpenaenua » upouece asipadorkm xopsIx pedbrextopmsx orvctos opramuasa, Hf, T1, Masao test cawsist orpasun ynupepcaus- | EO | | A: Ocobennocru apbepenrnoro annapara yeaosnozo pepaenca 317 yl SaKOHOMepHOCTS B IKNGIN BCeX OpraNMaMoD, HanpaBTAWOMyTO sn06y10 PedeKTopnylo AeATeMbHOETD MPH mMOGHIX yonOBRAX ecToCT- emMoro cymecTROMaNUiA skiNOTHBIX. TY 2aKONOMEpHOCTS AMC Ma snaxm oGparnoi adihepentanucii, mpuaanan eit xoppermpyromtee 1 MoKpenamomee xeiieraue, B nacrosmee npett wax TpyAuo mpen- cranuits ceGe Kaxoii-muGo pedpaexropustic aKT mesoro mHBOTHOTO, KO- Topslit Ger soKauanBanes ToMKO oddexTopuEMT sweHoM eayrH ped- alekeas, Kak oTOro TpeGyer TpaAMUOHTIAA NeKAproBeKAR exeMa, Ho nomyermt, To Taxoii pedutextopustit akT ect MAK naM ero yramyr. Ilo exmery pedexropnoli xeatebuoerH ator aKT ROKER Mut aT YouemmBit MpcuocoGuTenbUDL adheKT, aM ue nats ero, B nepnow caysae tantioe pedtekropiice jelieToKe saKaniunaeres i ARMBOTHO’ AOITKNO HepexoAuTE K GALeAYLOMIeMY BBeHY CBOeTO MOReTE- IMA, nO BFOPOM eaysae AMNOTHO® MpeAMIpHAAET PA MORBIX MoMTDA- Tox K MomyYenM He JocTurHyTOro NpM MepEow peiicreNN nOTOHA- rearsmoro agybexra Capamumacrest: Kaxmse oSpaaow nepatiax emeresta seatmoTHoro 40- wer oOMApyIKNTR Pasty MowAY oTHMM ARYA oaMomHENT ag Gexrann peshaexropnoro seiieTans? Moro Ost10 Gxt orneTuTe, ¥To 7KUDOTHOMY Me MyAKHO OSuApyrH- nats ary pasumny. Ho Taxne sxumoruee Oxia Got HementenHo o6pe- NeHHI Ha BoIMMpanme, Cxeronarensuo, enna mm MoxeT OBITS COMTC- MMe R TOM, YTO MpH KaxKAox peduiextopHow aKTe *MBOTHOR HeMeN- xenso (!)'noayuaer opatayio cmrmaznaanino 0 Tos, jocTuTsO si 270 yelierane npuenocoOureasHoro odbexta san ner. TonKo ups TOM YeuOnINH, T. €. UH HaMANK nocTonHO OGparHoi adbepen- ‘Tal, componornaronteli, KaK 9X0, Kaxknbtit pedbextopiietii AKT, BCE MaTypAHHBIe TOneAEHECHME AKTH NEAOTO AKMHOTHOFO MOYT HOST KaTb, MpeKPaMaTiek H MepeXOAUTD B MpYEMe AKTH, COCTABMAR B le JOM oprannaonannyi tem wenecooSpaanx mpxenocoGaennit oxpyakaiomme yectonitans*. B cosam ¢ mazoxennémnt nome mpexeranxenmssn 0 HeoGxosn- oct oGparnoii adebepenranmi noanmKaet HecioatBKO Bompocon, Tpe- Syromrx yrounemmn, Tlpensqe ncero exeayer ompenemtrh cocras o6patuoit adipepent- not curnaansaumnt. TepsonavarsHo wet ne onpenernmt qevastenoro cocrana oSparnoit adybepentannn m orpanmumnarnes oGmm ykaaa- eM 11a TO, ¥TO Ona HosKMKAeT oT opranon jefietnnn. Tax KaK Ta Koo oGiee HMIparKCHMe Mo‘CeT He copceM NpADHABHO opitenTuponaTh necnejosarenci » o6cyanenm aToit naxknoli mpoGuentel, 70 H to- anon ceGe B HacTosuttit Moen dopiyanponars ator Bompoc Go- mee Tomo. | Kan. atom eaysae, Tax mt 80 mcex mpyrMx nouaTiMe eneecooSpaatocrhe yno- mpeGraeven Has & iiupoxox Guoxormvecko eaexe, Kak 970 OHO MPUEATO WT, Masons. EE MB Ocobennocru agifepenruceo annapara ycacenoto peshterca Ocotennocru agifepenrnozo annal yanoeo peacrce 319 ye Osparuan adbepentanua mo canomy cpoewy emnery noaHa nanGoaee scectoponite orpaaure crenenn yeneusuoerm RauHoro ped HextopHoro jeficraus, 1, eexowareMHo, ee cocran AOmKeH waxo- AUTKeH 8 NpAMOf danKeMoCTIE OT TOrO, 'NACKOHKO eOHKHO AAMLH0e Telicrowe, uot Toro, KaKiBEH peenTopmEnsH MovepxHocraMI MoxKeT Sure oupegeaen peayasrat otoro xeiicTnns, OGnrano wee HAMM AKT, Kak MpABHLTO, MACHT neeMa MiLoroeTopoNtMOW adybepenraniti. O- paso ronopst, Kaxpstii pedbaektopmatit aKT AacT n NeNTpamsny!O nepanyio cuereny enstii san adibepenrannis, pasawanmx no cuK0, No AoKAaMIsAIYIN, 0 UPEMCHM NOaHUKHONeNUS 1 Mo eKopocrH pace npoctpaneius 0 uentparsnoli nepnuoit cxterese, nave ronops, mot aaveM n Kayyjom oTAeMOIOM cayYae cHoeoHpasnti adbepeutuDtit auiterpad, xoropoili 20 TonvaiiuiMx geTaxelt orpaakaer mpucuocobs- ‘renbubiit ofubext xamoro peduextopnoro jelictHus. Tak, HaMpHMep, nAATHE BHAIKHC HK HOA cpaay 2Ke NaKARUHRA- even KOsMTeKCoM TAKTHLABNDEX, TEMMEpATYPHBX, APUTEABHBIX 1 KI neorernuecnmx adybeponribix pasaparkiireacit, enrammanpyiommx 0 Komue 1 06 yeuemmocTH xatmoro pediextopHoro eiieTUHLA. Omnaxo exeayer wets » sivly, to mpx Gostmiom Koanyeerne pasnooSpaansix oGparmnx adihepenranmit ups Kaxom-muGo pecbrek- TOpHON elieTHIK HeKoTOpHE Mo MUX SmMNENMpy|TeR Ma MepEEti ieian weterynaer sexyutan adbepenranus, 7. e, Te adeepentusie AMMyacaNY, KoTOpHle MpuoOperaior peniawujee ouoasanaresbHoe snavenme. B'exyaae oe yetpanennst neaymeit advbepontanmn ma cijeny BMteTyNaIoT pyrite pevemropsie HonepxocTs, adppepenrnuie HINRYAbeHE OT KOTOPHX panne we UrpaaH pertaromelt pom, B Gone cnoxnnx axrax (nampHwep, MpXON » KAKYIO-TN6O KOM nary) oSparian adibepentanns, curuaanaipyiomas o mpapiaumocrn AMMHOL aKra, NUKE URAL MOTE acipepeNTHAe MMIyTLCE, ax, wanpusep, niiq KownaTm a ee jeTaneil, TeMMepaTypHste, aama- XoDue H, MaKoHeN, Kutecrerimecrme advbepeH rani, B easam ¢ onenxoit cocrana oparumx apipepenranuit nosuuxaer Take woMpoC MO Tom, KAK MMpOKO MONO MIpHMeHAT Teps Ammonkpenaenser x paaawinoro poxa pedmexropmun akras. Bee Mant RelicrBKA nO castoit cBoeit Tpupone wateioT HenpepsIBAE nomuoi xapaxtep. Karkgoe aneno oroi meu, aaxanaitsascs eBoiier- nemo eny oGparnolt advbepenrauuell, nepexogur notos » pyroe, Onnaxo mpanasax MoctenovatenbHocTs aTnX ancubeR moxeT Gurt rapantupopaa ToMBKO B TOM emyaae, ecm KaAKAOe aNeKO To- AYSNT BINTe «TOTKPeMTeMMAY aAeKRATRYIO ;IK Hero obpaTutyio adebepenranmo, 6 Creronareabuo, nonarie enoaKpensenmes Moxer Ssirb ¢ HomHBIMt ocuionannest npusteneno x t0Gosy ApoOoMy aTany uptienocosnen, KoTopstit noayana cootneretaywinyi o6parayio advbepenramuo. Konewnsne stanom ncex xowmencaropmsix npricnocobaenmi urn au0Goro aNEHOTO pana pedhxeKTopUMX akToR ABAAeTCH NocTHDKEMIE ocHosoro upnenocosiTentHoro aiibexta. Hak xt pce mpoute oranst mpnenocoGxenns, stor Konesnnit oTan TaKAKe MMeeT CHOW oOpaTHyTO adbepeuranino, KoTopart, onNaKO, OTAMYACTEH HeKOTOPHINIT oCoGeH- moctawit, Ona He cTmyzupyer wepsuylo eneremy Ha Gopsmponanie MODEIX 1 HonBIX pedhreKTOpHEIX gelicraMi, a KAK pag TaoGopor: ona upwoctaantusaer AanbuelMMe NOMsITKN oprannsanun nonbtx ped AeKTOPMIMIX AKTOR M1 aakperTAET TY TocAeR MIO KoMGAIANIN BOIOY A nounit B uenepax Moara, KoTOpax fata a Mopuepumt yeneustit mpwenocoOurerbusuit aphex. Dry mocHenmow oGpaTnyW adeperrane sts B cyoe wpeatn Ht agpadn cankuompyiomeli adpeponrannell, nocKoxbKY ona B ca Mom jlexe «cANKKMONMpyeTy MOcAeAMO| crOAMBUIY!OCA cHoTesty saanwoorHoulennit » nepanex mentpax (Awoxmu, 1935) 935). Taxna o6paaow, noampamasice KO BCEMY TOMY, ¥TO sHtOI Oetz0 ckasaHo panleo B AaNNOM pasvexe CTaTKM, Mit MoweM saKTOITD, ‘ro adipepentmuie snxenus, pasirpstaiomrecr » Kone peduextop- oro jelicrans, crox paaHooGpaanBt, CTO» aMawMTebitst TA passe ‘mia NenecooBpaaunx upuenocoSrenmit xnDoTHOTO W ocoGenKO AAR Konuencauun ¢byMKnuit, wT on nO npany aacayaKnBaloT Garth BBC LRONWEINIE B CHELMAMDHYIO KaTeropiio OGparuntx adbepenrannil Ospatune adbepentanmn Kak yHHnepeanHoe smsleHie B HORe- Jenn mnoTHEX ecTs cnolieTnO RemveTHOrO nEBOTHOTO, eCTb AB1e- Me ero natypasioro nonexenmn. Onn, cereerneHmo, He MoTyT HET Meta M MpuecT K KAKOMy-nmGo npicnocoGuresnony adepexty ® youonuax anaucernuy, Tivenito atnx oGcrontenernox Wano oGvAC- HHTL wapajoKcanbunlil dpakr, 370 TocTosutHoe Koppermpyiomee jelt- ernie obparnnx adibepentammii we Gono wi pasy sameveno, we eMOTpA 11a TpexcormeTMOW meTOpHIO pasmuTHA pedeKTopHoit Toop Tenapra. Bnoncexuns, Koropar aaa Goratse anaanrmseoxme pom AYABTATH, Harleno YeTPAMILAA CAMY HOBMOAUOETH OTKPEATIIT Oparnsrx adibepenratnii, a enegonaterbno, OnMeATHA MoaROH apxnTeKTypst HepaHisix uporeccon n Mpwenocobrreabmom axTe. Moray reat a nacroammes npoms! Tloene mayyenin nam pasams- unex Gopw ofparnix agvbepenranuit crao conepironno stcrsiM, 0 caoqnnieecn % MacrommeMy npenen oOmenpimAtoe pencTanmenne oinlention pedilexce ansserem HexocTaTosumnt H TpeGyeT copLearoro B cawom exe, wo cymecrnyionmnse mpercranzenusme nemo peg eke COcTOHT B TOM, NTO «KOMEIE ORMOTO jUiieTINH caYAKNT MaNAaTOM gain apyroro». Mix anaes, onmano, To KoueK{ xeiictaHA Kora Me MonKer cayatit HavaaoM JAH Apyroro Aelicrsus. Kone xelierous B ono sneHe smumeTeH neTOMMMKON OOpaTHoi adibepexransn, KOTO pas Manpavaserem K NenTpam ToaLKO wr0 pasoMomeroes pedrexca, 1 TOKO MOCTe 9TOro H B AABNCHMOCTH OT TOTO, KaKNe MocaeNeTANs Gyner uMeTb p nepnnssx menTpax ora oGparnam adbepentammn, na- ‘unmaer popwmponarsen caenywommnit stan nennoro pedprenea (pw. 2). eeeE—eE 320 Ocobennocru asgepenrnoto annapara yeavenoto pepbaenca Ha pue, 2 mpencranneno epanunreasuos mso6paxenne nenuoro peguexca, Kak on uiemnrem no oOsIuHEIM mpexcranmenuan (A), w nent obparnux adepenanutil, Kak ona upencrannaoTer Hast Ha ccnone pacmmpenna peducxtopnoii cxemst J[exapra (B). Crour ToabKO MoAyMaTs, WTO Mp\t paaBucTiM UeMHOrO peshuteKca n coorBer- croim co etapsinit mpercranrenmann (4) B KakoM-un6yn auene A etoro peihitexca mponsoma HeTosnocrs poffueKTopHoro aKTa, Kak ceitiae Ke cTaneT HoUATHOM HeBooMOmHocTS upmwenenuA ato! Cxe- MBI K peaababist Yesosnaxc uaum aMoTHOro, Hukaxoe uempane- mo Otol HeToWWoCTH He GoIT0 Bux noaNorcitNI Pagpurue teopint oGparuoit addbepenraum jox%no Sx0 wema- GexHo uocrasnrs mepex MAM HOMO: B KaKOM oTsomemm o6pat- wan abipepentanna axomntom K tkaacemecKoli» pedueKtopHoli Ayre, B KaKoit erenenm ona ee fontomuner m soxer am OGparnaa ad- epentanua upenctasurs coGoit werseproe aneno pecprexca? Tlo cynit Resa oGparnan agibeperrranins ctor 280 OG0cHOBARKO MoRKeT CTATh ‘OUHIME HB aveHbeN pedbieKca, KaK m manectHMEIe yixKe ero sueubA. Ona, Kan ot mam, aBcosorHo MeoBsomNA sm ocymecTAncuitA seseco™” oGpasuoro MpmenocoGennia m dakrimecKM wunpaniiet Weconepuren- cTHo B neHTebHOCTH Tpex MepBHx aneMben, OHA TOAD ake UOCTOAHHA B KaAqoM pereKropiiom jeficram, Kax MH pyre ero anenba, mM, naxonen, ofa Weer BHOAHE OUpeesteunoe dpmaMomOrMIecKoe i CTPYE” TypHOe conepmanme, B city ncero eKaaannoro me mY KAKUX- AuG0 cepsesttsix woaparKenitii upotin Tore, stoGe oGparman adbe- penrautin coctannra foLomMITeADHIOe a NeTHepTOC aneHO pedureK- ca, Taxoe upeo6pasonanwe eKaptonexoit pecbxextopnoli exes cHMMaet jAMHHBI PIX nporMROpeNUTi, Y>Xe HaNOMHBMNXCA K MACTOR- meMy vpenterm, @ BuccTe ¢ To OTKPAIBAcT mMMpoKMe noaMorsHOCTA Mayseni M OGrxeHenuA enommNx chop MoKejeHuA sRUBOTMX w NOTOBEKA B HATYPAMbMBIX YeronItAX cymecTuonanta, Byect. me amie GyneT aanetnts, wo aapy6exnan seem, nocHeAMMe TONM ReCEAA G:NIKO MOAXORWT K Nano‘KeNMAN BHIOTE MponeTanrentAM, FACTO Aare n neckAA CKORMBX BAIpAMeRHA. Mocraroamo yxaaarh Ha HsicKaasmanne Iapnana, Koropsiit B on- noi 13 chomx nocremMAx nyGaMwHEX aexmit (8 naMATs [>KeKcoua) Reqaet NOMBITKY MONATE MmacTUYeCKNe mpneMocoOaeKHA mUBOTHOTO a Ocobennocru agifepenruoso annapara yesoenozo pegacca 324 X oxpyskarommme yenopnam, Tonpons mror conpenonmn poctmme- Huma 8 oGaacrs dnamonormn Moara, OM OcTaHaRTMBAeTCA B KepeMN- ‘TemsHOeTH mepen cxomMsIM dopmasm npHcrocobxeHMA 2MDOTAUK. OcropoxHo nosxoax K mpenuery, om numer: «Boamoxno, 1eec006- pAsUEIM ABMKEHMEN pyKOBORAT ero pesyaBrarH.... (Adrian, Brain, 4947, v. 70, p. 1). B otom me mampanxenmt xenaam joranKm orjenbMMIe mocnenoRa- ‘rem Ha Mentqynaporuom xorrpecce, nocemmennom ¢pmmmmmam KoMMAeKCHO opranusanu mepsno& encrews» (Adrian.— EEG a. Glin, Neurophysiol., 1955, v. 17, N 2, p. 318). Bumaxo x orm Bonpocam wopxomur Taioxe m'Baruep m cpoeli moxorpadmm «IIpoOne- sea mpuMepst OxozormecKoR peryannnn, Te om passmpaer ser- votheorie w Ha OcHose oe muTaeTcm nonATs Mpxpony mpmemocobn- rexsHoro nonexenux (Wagner. Problem and samples of the biolo- gical regulation, 1955). OcoGenno axe GxmaKO MoxomaaK oTOMy Bonpocy KUGepHETMa, Mewomsays mpecranienna 06 «OOpaTHEX chA- BAX) [UTA PerYAIANUN MpABIEMBHOCTH H YeecooSpaauocTH paGorHt KAK MaMINN, TK H TeNOBesecKoro opramusma. Beo oT pwICKASHBANNA ORDNANCE HA MHOTO HET Mose AMEX nepasix nyGamKanMi 10 aNMOMY BONpoCY M, NavaR OGmMe TOrATKH, NecbMA AATeKM OT RKP ‘ma Gnamoxormecknx Mexannayon. Tem me wexee 270 oGeromTeny- oro IMMA pas NOTIepKMBAeT ueoGxoaMMocTs yansnelimelt pas- pAGOTKH MaxoMeNHO! menMe KOHTENTI, cnomMDMelicA w BMpocuredt 1B coneTcKMX 1aGoparopmanx, AI octanna 8 cropoue sropoit ms mocranmenmmix mime nompocos: eM RaMpapAMOreA Hce WONCKH UpHcMocoBMTOMDMEX aKTOR B yexO- BHAX Kowmencamnm uapymennsc qymsnmi? Stor pompoc recueltmm ‘odpason chagaH ¢ NaNbNefiMM pasDHTHem naMHX mpolcraRneHuit o uanoxormecrnx ocnoax mexecooGpaanoro xaparrepa pedaexrop- INK axTOR, H oTOMy On Oymer paccstorpex ocoto n cuenyIoneM pas eno oroit craven. ‘Teopna axnentopa nelierana ‘Venema nepssix marx paspa6orkn cammmonmpyomeit agibe- peHTanNH Kax daxXMOMTEADHOH Gopusr oSparmoit adepentamm y Hac BOSHMKAM nonpocH, KOTOpMe WocTeNenHo upuBem WAC K BEKPHI- ‘a9 ocoGoro Nemrparsnoro adbepenrHoro anmapara, 0 Koropoxt MBL pane ue mem amKaKoro mpeneranTeRus. Ecau near cepum oGparmix adihepentanmit o6saaresrsno compo- BomYaer Bech PAR KoMuencATOpHAX MpHeocoGxenmii no noccTaHon- aenitn GyHKIUM wKmOMTeTSHO, TO HeMaGenHO nosmEKAaeT nompoe: HoveMy Keutparbnam Mepnuam cHoTeMa MpexpamaeT nech oTor pax Kounencatopnstx mpwenocoOxemmt m opraniiag ocrananampacren HMeHHO Ha Uocaenueit nomsTKe KoMMencammn? OGpasno nmparxares, Kak WHO KakHM MpwonakaM oprammom oupexenser, wr muexno ova 14 TL 1 Anorme _ 322 Ocobennoeru ag Gepenroro annapara yeaosnozo peiiaexca mocaequian, 7. €. cauxmvonmpyroman adybepenransis, svanerem nei cranrensio Taxoit, Koropax cooTaeremByet neoxommnnt TpeGona- Mula ero upucmocoGaenns « DRemHeMy aMmpy? Tlockoabky TOT HoNpoc BANETCR ORAM TayCAMBIX NA‘RMBIX nO- mpocon AAMT HOUMNANHA RCKPSITEIX HAMM ocoGerMiocred adibepexTuo- To autlapara pedhackropuoit AexTeMDHOCTH, s NoaKO:MO ero eUe Gostb- me yrounuts, OGoanawiat KosaeKes oparmerx adiepenrarutil, conponornaioix cepiio noeaesoraressnsx mpxenocoGaenitii, coor werorayiomne cuatwonaw, TIyeTh neppas wexocratouram agibeper- rauun Gyger (a+6-+x), nropan — (atK-n), Tpetha — (atictp) M, Waxorlen, canennomupyiomas adrbepenranist — (a-ticta-tt). Cron ua serepammmerusecxax qusiioxornvecknx nosmINAS, ML Hommuit aanarb cee noupoc: KAKMNM enocoGaMM, mcrOMMNeA % pachopmxerim uentpanbwoi mepstoit cxcremst, ofa onpeneiaet pas uae Mexaly OTAeTUNBRN anemia oTO; Nem oGpatmAx adrbeper- ‘Tanutit, APYeMMN cXORANK, TOveMY *KxHOTHOE eyaHACT», TO MMEHHO nocaeanmit adybepenmiatt Kosmaexe (a-+K-+M-+T) saaneter undop- warutelt 06 oKoMarenLHo noceraonnennoM aihiexte TK nooGme 0 octinkensin upnenocoGurrenmore adihexra? Kean ctost® Ha eTporux HeTepuinnmtentecKRx OOMEAX, TO TO eyMecTnY neck MMerouUties b apceriare namelt weiipodmanoxorna matepiact He Mo‘weT ath HAM ommera ua sto nompoc. B cavos pene, Aix nentpaxbuoit uepsnol eworentr msotuoro nee oGparmue adhpepenranmt, n TOM nese 1 CAHKNHONUPYIONLAS, CCTh TOABKO KoMNAeKCH adhepenrTBIX MMITy.Th- canit, 3 HeT MHNAKNX BHTMMGIX ¢ OGsIIMOH TOURN speumA uprant, Towesty oftla 1a IX ormtysmpyer menrpanbuyio Ropenyw cHeroMy na faxgneiimyo soGuamsanino pedueKropuas nprenocoOnremmED anton, a ApYTaM, NaoGopor, oeraHanmimaer npcuocoGETeAMNE ei creme. Tlonyerint, wro aut Gout wanepenst naars craKan, erosuoit 1a erono ¢ Gomtma xomiveeTnox nocyaét. Ho ups upotsrmmanmn pyri MM TIO paccenmnoes nasunten aa pysKy KyniTMa. Kar manectio KaKROMy Ha Te To eRoeMy sKNAeMTIOMY oMBITY, RoNyntenMAs on a celiac me steripananeter, Kynmmun cranuren ma ecto, a pyka orwcknpaer nyskmsiii nas erava. Ha Kaxow Gmoxowormeckom oerionanust a16t saxteTi eupannt ce? ‘Bua Kyonnnita 4 upiKocnowene K ero py¥KO, KAK HMR eTaKana Wt mpikoettonente 1 WeMy, cerh TomKo conokyMHoeTs oGparimn aib- Gepentamx mmyacanil, pasnraiompuxes Boer HeCKOABKINE CBOm- om roMonentann, Tak ToveNy me MAI MpeAMOTIN TMeHTO TloeseA- mow oGpatiyio adipepenranio, Kax KoHeuHy!D, 7. €. earKNKORNpyIO- myo agvbepenranmio? Tanne dhaxrii sartorumor new amy “ANG, ON MpomBAHOTER B Kaykom Mates ilare, b KaiRTOM ARTE HaMleTo mHOroOGpanKoro No- neneHna. m ommGKy 1 _ Ocobennoeru agifepenruoso annapara ycaoenoto pegiterca 323 Hs nocaequero npunepa cranosuren nexsis, 470 TomBKO Ta o6- parnast adpepeutanun npexpamaer jaabueiimme pedaexropmure neil Crea, KoIOpat cooTsetcrsyeT Hamepemno, uopoauBuieMy castssit pedueKropusiit axr, sam, miipaxanco dusnoxorivecku, oGpatnax agbeperaniia jo30kHa cooTmeTeTHORATL KAKOMY-10 saroToBMeMHONY KosuTency BoaGyaeMni, noammmemy jo Toro, KAK OdbopMiiACR ca otit pexhuienropibtt alee, B peayaisrare nogoGusre paccyaaenmii wet c neuaGentnoersao ‘pituaw K BBIBOAY, 4x0 9TOT saroTonACmMBIl: KOMIUIEKC BosbyaNAeLIME upeamieetaymutit peduextopHomy aeiicrpino, jomaKeH npeseran.inn) co6oit 70-0 Bpoxe adihepentuoro ¢KonTposbNoroD ammapata, KOTO pu oupeneanor, » Kasoit ereuem cooTveTcTuyeT eMy upiute;utast 4B MeuTpambuyi Hepouyio cileTeny panmas oGpatuax adypepeuransen, Ocosennioe nimwanite wet ynesHAM paspa6orKe arOro woMpoca ua npusepe mumen0ro yextoniioro peduiexca m ero obpaniioit adypepent- ratunt — noxxpenaenus: mtyeli. Jasuo Guo roRMexeHO, B10 yesOntOe posbyAKAeHMe, BOBMLKAIO- mee % Kope Gonbummx noxywapmi Borner Ma npmeNonMe xanHOrO Yerounoro pasapaxutens, Ne ADAAeTER TAKUM noaBYAeNIeM, KOTO poe Guito Ger 0 coeny KavecTay OGuUM ANH mO6NX yonoBIEX curnasos. Cosoxynnocts mtenimux MpHauaKoB uoReneMUs yiasaTa na 70, 410 Xapakrep s7oro yeuonworo HoaGymKAetMIA NAXOMUTCH B Ups Molt sapueuMocTu or KaNecTBa MoaKpemisomero dpaktopa. Casas, Hemonetparunmemst MpMAepOM 9TO! samIcHaOCTH sBNACTeA GuosOrIt- NecKoe Kaseetno ycaoomof: peaxiumt n oTnet ma YenoBue pasapa- ACNTEAM, HoNKpeMinensie manuel H oneKTpiUECKIIAE TOKOM. B Gonee xenoncrparastios bopwe ara aawmcunoerh signa aance 1B mpegenax oxKoro K Toro xe GeayeromNoro MoRKpenrenmH. ‘Tai, nanpmatep, B zaGoparopi M1, [1, Taonona 6x0 janio woKasano, 470 xutitsecknit cocran YertosuopediteKtopnol cmiouM HaxogHTCA ¥ "TOM HOM COOTROTCTBA ¢ KAYeCTHOM IMUIeHOTO HOAKPeNAIeHUA It, culeZOBA- ‘eablo, © XapaktepoM ero cmoHiorenHoro aelieraun (Eropos. CIIG., 1911). Hxemio na oto rowtost connagenmt KaYecr#a Gesycaonnoro yexonnoro noaGyaneHHs mbipocax TeopuH ecyGerHTyHNI», «upeABoC- XINMEHUAY M AP., KOTOPHe sHAMOTCR TMI cHoKeCHLIMN oGOBHANE- mum OGIIeMsuCCTHOTO ABAeMHA, HO TH Ha War He mpuGaWKAIOT Hac K pacxputmo ero Gusuorornuecko® npnpons (Hilgard, Marquis, Conditioning and Learning, 1940). Ho-mpentwemy ocraetca uepentennbix noupoe: sa ocHone Kaxutx ake KOUKPeTIBIX USHOTOrMIeCKHX MexaNHaNoE yexoDHoe o¢pepeRTOp- woo noa6yatxenne B vilxe cexpenmmt H oFuIero untKKeDOro BoAGyZKe- HUA, BosmHTKaIOMIe B OTBET UA AANNMit YonouNBT pasapaxdtreds, oxagemaerem Goce aM Mette CooTReTcTRYIOILUN Text oepeKTOpHELA, Dos6yAKTONMAN, KOTOpHe HONK nOsHMKUYTh BuOcAeRCTBIN Mt OT camoro uoxKpenamouero Gaxtopa? Ecam oror noupoc yrowurs exe ro 32h Ocobennoeru affepenruoto annapara yesosnoso peguence ¢ HATEMe, To om MoxeT OxITs MpeRAOMeH B exeRYIOMEM Bue: Mpoxo- UT mit yexORHOe RoaSyKNeMHe, BNIGNARHOe YenODMEN pAsxpaxkuTe- Heo B cooTueTCTSYOMIEM amamMaTope, MpANO Ka adybextopubie MYTH Gesyenosmoro pasnpaxurens ur OHO ROeMpoManomNT cxlawana ero adebepentayio acts, cocpexoTOueHAY!, Kak WaneoTHO, B KOpKoDOs. npegetasmremerne Geayesonnoro pedrexca? (lanzos. Ioan. cobp. cou. Md, 1949. T. 3, xu. 2, c. 92). J[aa nosonenux Sxoro wroporo BOMpoca xoAKO MpeRTOMNTE exe aylouywo mpocrywo cxeuy (puc. 3). is Z ax sumo ma upuneplenuol cxensi, mpunmn, 70 yeronnioe pas- Apameule M2 oGaaeTH cooTseTeTByTMTero axonstsaTopa pacmpocrpa- HaeTeK UpANO K TeHTPY GeayenosHoro pexbxexca, MBI Tem cant nosnpaTusicn X caony mepnoMy upennoxoxemmno VM. TI, Taraopa © MexannaMe aamnrkanna qyrit yenosHoro pegaexca (puc. 3, 2). Kax uauectHo, MUloromcHeHuBIe nocMeRYIOMIMe DKCMepEMEHTANELIe [aM- une cxaonum H. TI, Tapzona x npsamanmo xopritkanbuolt xoKanst- AAnWT o60HX aneHbeD, BaMGIKAOMUX yeaomyio enass. Baio npanA To, WTO oMfa YerawaniMnacrca MOXKAY KieTKAMM cooTBeTETByIOMeTO auazufearopa H KAeTKAMIEKOPKOBOTO MpenctanuesbcTBa GesyestonHoro pasaparknrens, Jro MoTOReRKe woaMocTLI YAoRUCTROpANO noes Ghawrmucckuat xaropnonaxc naGoparopuié Kak caxtoro Tl, Il. Tanzosa, TAK M CTO YUCHIIKO, A HOTOMY CTaxO M HacrommMee spems OOmenpH- suannent, Ho us 9tcro Womo;Kensin catenyer, 470 YerOBHOe BOBbyMIe- HMe cooTBercTByIOMjero aMamuaaropa Moret pacmpocrpauarscm x GeayciosuoMy umuleROMY NeHTpy ToxBKO Tepes ero KOPKoBoe mpes- cranureatern0 (pnc. 3, 116). Hecmorpa wa To, ¥70 9To mpesnoroxKeRMe HoaKOCTL yAOBIeTEO- PRet ManNIMM mMpegetanmemuast 0 qusnorormHecKok apxarextype Yerouuioro pospeKca H eraxo yake XORTINM, 9 CHX HOP He GsL10 6 Pameno cuenmambHoro DHMMAHMA Ha Te GMaRoToTRTECKe woCTeA- CTBMIA, KoTOpHe C MeHsGeRMOCTENO DETeKAIOT mI puunTEA oTOrO mpegnoxoxenna. B camos ene, 470 Taxoe «KopKonoe mpexcranmrentetno Gesycnon- oro Wenrpay no cuoeit GuauomornuecKoit cyti? Ho caworo csena GesycaonHoro nonKpenaeHma Kax advbepentnoro pasapaxenum cne- Ocobennocru agpepenruote annepara yeaoeuore pepacrca 325 Ayer, 170 Bt eupercrasuremserno» omno umerb advbepentmsi ‘xapaKrep, moro MeAMKoM coornetersyer TowKe apenua Vl. Il. [lan- ova 0 Kope, Kak 06 «nsoamponanuost agybepentiom otfenes Tex ‘panbnoit nepstoik emeront (ext. nsime). Kax noxasarm omirsr mamtero corpyaumna WI. MH, Jlanrena ¢ Rpmacenemttext ocmytatorpadtieckoro Merona, cam Geayenonmsit pas ApaxuTen, puratinaer poDomTO eaoxnssit adbepeutmmit paops. B onpexexenmolt nocrenonarensnoctm pasapaxaiores Taxritth- ube, Textmepatypnue m xmMIecKue Penentopst sasiKa. [pases ceMupuseckHe noTOKM usMyAKeoD ¢ paso exopocTi1e upHXO- AAT B PassIMUMBIO YuaCTIHE KOpH TOHOBHOTO Moara. Ws toro craso senna, 70 KopKov0e Mpenerawureatcrno Gea- YewosHoro pasppankurens — oro He KaKoll-70 oMpeeaeHUBI eTopony ‘uepea 20 quel noexe onmoxparHoro TORKPeTICHA MACOM HOKADR- naeT, 4TO OHO 9KETpeHHOe TOAKPeMACHMe Msicom coaslaI0 TOMMHANT- oe ‘coctomume p ompeyesenuoit cmcrewe ormomenmit na TeaMx 20 ueiz. Onuoro ot0r0 obcrostensctsa Gur Got jocraTowRO pas Toro, wroGs! aaKMOWNTS o Tox, KaKoro KavectRa aKnenTop selieTaIE HoRFotoBIeH pH AABHOM yeOBHOM nonGympemIM: mo chon adybe- PORTHEIN Ka¥ectBaMm OH AONKEH m TONHOCTE cooTReTCTRORATS par- Apaxonmio aMaamsaTopos muBOTHOTO ACHE cyxapme. TpaNix TOATHEPIRACHMeM 9TOTO MpeAMOTOReHNA sMNAeTeR OTKan *ROTHOTO or egst xaeGnnix cyxapel. Takum oGpasom, naxusue xourarexsuoit peaxnnn ¢ ABnok JOMMRANTHOCTHIO B éMsicHyI cropony» mocme ayumi orkas or est xneGuBix cyxapeli— sce oto ronopxr 0 Tom, ‘BTO MecoornereraMe MemAY pomorRMTeTDHEIM adepentmEMse KOM nxexcoMt Youopmoro noa6yxnenna x oGpatuot addepenrantelt ot PeahHoro GeayerOBHOT HONKPoLIeHNA ABAIAeTCA namnelims dhaK- TOpOM, OnpeReNsOMNKE NoREAeHME H cocTOsHME IKEBOTHOTO. _— = 380 Ocofenuocru aghepenrnoto annapara yeaosnoso peppacxea yee — Ocobennocra aggepenrnoto annepara ycaoenoto pefbaerca 381 B cymmocr, nce puigo nstpadoranmutx yeroonopediaexropisx aKToR conepmiawres ¢ ossarenbHBIM namMonelicraxex adybepenr- oro annapara yenonmoro pedmexca m oOpatmux noxyxaeuuli oF nogwpenasomnx arenton. Eean ora neTpesa oOuapymtnaer ayex- baTHOeTh oGoNX noaGyxnemtl APYE K APYTY, TO HonenenecKmiC AKT nOMoTHOTO CAHKUONMpyeTest, saKponaAeTeR, Kea we OBpATHOe nos Gyacqenne He axeKBaTHO nosGymAeuMAK otoro agsbepentHoro amma para, 1 HeMeqMeHHO DOaKUKaeT OpuenTHponowNlo-MecMeROKATeALCKAA eAKHUNA, KoTOpA, MAKCMAAHHO MOGuANSYH abepentHy! dyMKEIO Kopst GoMUUX TonyMapmit (nKaOUeMMEN we YeRTeHEN BosyaKACUIT eeX aNamigaTopon), MPHNOAKT K OpraNiisANIU HOWAIX KOMMTTeKCOR abdbepentanx poaGyacemit. B pesyastare store mpowexonuT wenpe- PUBHOD eTom.a0namHe nee Gonee Goce coveputenusx uepudbeps- ueckx yenunii. Oru énpoOst» upouexonat no TeX mop, HoKa obpar- an adebepenranus or Kaxoro-ro o1epomtoro AelierouA He oKaKeTeR oRHOcTSIO aneKbarHoi Tomy KomueKcy adbepentasx nosOyacenli, KoTopstit nOSHUK B cANOM Havase RAMHOT ToneeHIecKorO AKTA, Bosspauiasies K omBTam ¢ MosMestoii Geayeaosuoro moaKperiate- HH, BI TOMKHM AOGAMITD, TO MeoOXOAMOCTS coOTSeTCTBNA OTHX mByX noaGyaenuii nenaeren ocobenmo OepLANO! TAM, TAC *MBOT- Hoe MpoaBAAeT MOAYepKHyTyI opnenTuponosHO-HeeesORATEECKYTO [PeAKLUMO Ht Aa:KO OTKagHMACTER ECTL mACO, Ca TOABKO OHO aKeTpeH- Ho Hogeranleno Ha mecTO OOsIHOrO NoAKpenaentia xxeGoxt (uaOmI0- nenus H. A. Saymunesoii). BaKoHo CMpocHTE, ETO 7Ko MexnaTaxo *HDOTHOMY, WTOGHT Tax yke Mpocto i cpaay Cheer wsico, KAK ONO AO 9TOrO CHeAATO xTe6- ne cyxapn? fleno, 10 Taxax PeaKIUNA asitnorHOTO Moria PADDHTLCR ToADKU UUTONY, xO MLO HE CooTETETBORAAIO ‘eMy-T0. Ilo DoT nonpoc: wemy? Temeps stot y2Ke SHaeM MOXaHHaM 9TOTO HecoOTBET- eTDIIA: ConokynHOCTD NpHONAKOD Maca — MImN, aaN1axX, KAK MpHOHAKOS Geayenonnoro pasapaxitress, UpHAK 8 KOpy ToXODHOTO wosTa N BLE cnemaveckux HepsHbx snimyzscanmii, oKagamach neazeKnaTHoit Hun Toro saroTonaeHHoTO adhibepentmoro BoaGyAAeMIEH, KOTOpOS BOS- HMTKAKO YrRe B cAMOM Havaze Aelicranx Yeaoonoro paspamuTern 1 nommocréx cooTnereTaonano neem adipepenTimmt mpyauaKas panies mpuwenstmeroca xeGa, Cxexonatexnno, n ouncantioi copme aKeme PlMenta MBI MapyILIa To axeKDarmHte CooTHOMTeMM, KOTOPHE UOC He MIOTHX HoxKpensennit yerauosnancs wemAy AoGanownnne adibe- PENTHAIM KOMMAeKCOM YexonHoro nos6yAMleNHA M oGparHoit ade penranseli, nceraa noanitxaomeit or est X100a.. B ommx axcnepnwenrax anit Gsin0 TORHO YeraHOBTeHO, TO YO B mepriox naomponaunoro pelieTBHs XOpoMTO aaTBOpAeHTIOTO YexONTO- To PAgKpAyKNTeAs B KOpe TOIORHOTO OITA cOGAKM Hapay ¢ nporec- canm, onpenermonunat aextopnste mponeccst yeuosnok peannimm (coxpentin, xsixaume, yeuxeHMO 7, 7.) RoaKMKAeT m noanomHDt Kommixexe ‘apepentmsx calexon or mpexuMx noxKpentennit. Beo Sessbuu poipamaen 2 4 Om / ani |-sscas _— anita |) 5 ra Pue. 5. OGwast apxutexrypa yexonnol peaxnam (a) x exemerarreckoe 1306pe- ‘aenuo xelicrau neaxexnarnoro HoxKpenacHR (6) " osseous Sere pxipsxanens o 4 anbueliuice nomeRense skxrnoTHOrO exponen upastoik oannenNoort OF Toro, KaKolt crenenm HocTITHyTO conMAAeHME MeXKAY THM 1063- nouunist adpipepentunint KoMMUTeXcOM yeaoBHOrO pedheKca H HOTOKOM. adbepentanx unayavcaumit ¢ mepmdbepmm, wbranamnstx rostkpenmio- mune arextox. Ognaxo upu s0Gux nomwonax mam yerpanenusx Geayerosnstx nogxpenenuil, x. e. upit 06x xMccommanMAx MEKAY OUAHU-ILIM. aGopentmn Kowuzexcon yexoonoro Bosbyxxxeuu © o6paTHoit adiepentnoit meyzscanuelt or Geayononnoro paaspannrenm mporK- Xe ncero noaHMKAer opiteHTuponowno-nccnenoDareabcian peanniA (ome, 5). Eos ocntonammia nymars, w70 B ompegexenmx oTor0 conta- Hew WAM neconMaReHA jByX BoaGymneNMiK sHauTeRLUy% pom Rrparor x0Gusie orem Kopst TostoBHoro Moora (Llyamamna, 1949). Tlockoanxy mpunoqeHHSIMH BME oxcnopuwenTaMM pexpibadach HewsnectHan fo Toro ocoGeHHOCT nsicuel nepniolk zentemmoeTm, MB BBINYARReMKE Gein taTD elk KaKoo-zuGo OGosmasenne. Canoit xapaxtepnoit Guanosormeckoi ueproit zoSanounoro ad hepeurnore KommAeKca yexonnoro noaGyaKgeMIIA mRAAeTeR npunATTO mar oGparunx adibepentusix iamyzncanuil, nosuuxaionutx oF pe- ayabraton peextopuoro elicrana, x onpexenenne coorsereraaa otmx oSparmix addepexttamuii arotostenomy —wosGysjtenmo, 1. e. mpomnouy omry 2xunoruoro. Tooromy nauGoxee momXonmunt Tepsawox ANA oGoaaveMus oForo KopKonoro axtnapaTa Mol Upmasa- AW BhIpaenMe «axnentop qelieranay, Bones upasmmsno m Goxco TOWO BTOT auuapaT NoHo GsiHO Gs NaawaTh caKNeLTOp adbepent- 4 EY. 382 __Ocobennocru agGepenruseo annapare yeaoenoro pepserea MBX peayabraton conepmennoro peireKxropnoro jelicranx, onmaKo RAK MpoToTs oSpamenss sox OcTanopHAINCD HA COKpAMeHHoM DMI pawenm ‘axyentop Aelictous». Tousrne «axmentop» HanGozee Touno orpamaer cofoik CMBICH ReeX OKCHepUMEHTAABUBX AAHUBIX, 10- AYIOHHMX HAMM H HAMMMM corpymuMKasm waumuan ¢ 1930 r., n0- CKOABKY ZTATHNCKOe «acceptarer COeRMAAET B ceGe BA emsTeHa: TPA umxars m ox0Spars. Mut ocranasiext celiac » eTopore onpoe 0 TOM, B KaKoit crenenR Upeqtoxenmuit nam Tepuun yaavex. B wacroammit moment wax ‘BanKHO OTMETHTS, W70 OTHM TepNAROs set OGosMATIUT BHOAHE peas nati quanonormvecknii annapar, BsmnomnmomMl dyRKNMO oneHKR Kopoit ToxosHoro Moara peayabTatos moGoro pebrexTopHOTO aKra, ‘mo6oro nperrocoOnreasnoro ZelieranA nexoTo xmBOTHOTO. OOpasyace Toy BANAHHEM UpOMLANX nHeMEMX Roapeiicrwmit M cocraBnaA vacTh BeAKOTO YeHOBNOTO BOBGYMNONRA H MODOAeHYeCKOT aKra, akenTOp Reilcrens wsmomnser pemaomyw dynxnmo mprcnocofmrensnoro MosexoMMA: wa ocHono MoxyseNiA pasnooGpaaMMx uMyaLcamni © nepucepun Gxaroxapx eMy oupexenetcn crenien TowHoCTH m 10- CraTOIMOCTH BAIMONHERRBX aKTOR TO OTHOIENMIO K MCXOAANM 1O- Syxnromouuit pasnpanarenast, Ecamt, wampustep, ua mepanyw cnctexry skROTHOrO TlonelicrRoBAN yeuopnnit paanparknrens, noerna MoxKpenssBuIMiic MACON, TO aK uentop nelicrena, cxansnaiommiicn yxe B Haare yeiieTomA yeros- oro pasnpamwrenn (cw. pic. 4), 7. ®. satoaro 10 caworo HoAKpen- AeNMA, OMpeeMACT AaTeM, B KAKO eTeMeMN wonyIeHHOe MoAKpenAe- me cootaercrayet mpemueny acvbepentnomy omsiry’ sKmRoTHOTO. Monto npmpects rave upmsep ua nauieit noscenuesto® mugen: corn NeaUKeX, CHANUTE # KAGHHETe, saqysAL UOLeRy-aNG0 LepetiTIE B croxonyio, ‘To B Tor >Ke caMBti MoMeNT ero Kope GoxtbINHX Hoxymapni Bocnponanonitem noxnsii adepentAnti KOMMACKe neex Mpnanaxon 1 paanpaxennit, nonysenMsX w MpomtoM oT crononoli (axnentop roiictona). Mi nootomy, mpRAR B crorony¥ m MomysHS or Hoo onpererennyro cysay pastpaxemrit n mane oSparnsx adcbe- penranmii, noanoctnw cosaraiomnx ¢ yiKe parree o6pasosanHBnMt axmfentopom neilerTaMA, YeTONeK MepexomHT x emexyIOMeMy ancny epoero rionexemm, Ho nonycrimt, sro 10 paccesMocrn wexonex mpomen ne B er0- ‘opyio, @ Ma KYXMo MAK D nAHAYIO KoMMary. ConoKyMHocTs Bcex nem paanpaxenmi or oGcraHopKM KYXHM mam nannoit KOMHATSE ‘raxona, TO 9TH paonpAxMeNHs, Mpa n Koy roxorHorO Moara, He- MeeHHO RMIADIAIT HecoBTATeHMe ¢ aKKeNTOpOM jelicTENA, XapaR- TepMBne AAR crOAONO! H nOaMITKMIM R KOpe ToxORMOTO MoarA B TOT Moment, Korma YeoneK Gxin eme n KaGnneTe. B peayanrare oro Huecommann MemAY aarorontenmmne yoanowmn adhbepentman KoMMeKcow m O6paTusMMm adibepenrannsMit or Kona ReMpABMALHO- To meiierona y YexoneKa MeMeRTeRRO BOSHEKACT opmeHTApoOwO- _ Ocobennocru agipepenruoto annapara yeaosnozo pefiaenca 333. MecnenonarembeKan peaks m OH MenpananeT oMUGKY, 7. ©, MpHEO- HRT p coorsererswe saroroniennoe adpepentHoe nosymReRne © Monxpenamomun xeficroiexr oGcrattonKM crozonolt B TexOM. Kax nmqno m9 9Toro MoesenMero mpusepa, HaMHINE RoGaBoIROTO agbepenrioro Kownaexca mpm s0Gos vamem nelicremn mBameToA qMUNCTEeHRO m YHnBepeadsHOt mpmumoll, uperympexnawomelt tac oT oMMGoK mam MossoamOmel nam Henpannts yiRe TonYMenmE nant oumGxs, Hast He SHAUN MOKA HUKAIGAX npYTMX BoaMommocTeH OGsACHMTE Ha dhaMOAOTHTICCKOM OCHOBANIM, NovoMy ‘esIONeK, TorKe- xapmnit poli ® cronosyio, Ho ommGoano mpumemmmuik n’ pany, oGnapymmnaer oumOKy csoero NopemCHIA. ‘Dra aaKOHOMEpHOCTs CTOs YHITBOPCATEHA M HNeET CTO pemTaio- mee BHATeHMe NAA NORMMAHNA MOReTOHER AMBOTHEIX W eTODEKA, ‘sfe, ecTecTooHHo, oa He Mora YexOMaNYTS oT DHENANNA HeCmoRO- parexeit, KoTopsie B patio’ RpeMA HB paamMMHoii cpopwe meMsmennO Borpesaamch ¢ neoSxonmMocrsw ee pacmmdbponri. Tipossne ncero eme pas cxeayer ykavath, ro cametl dhakr «ox Xpenzenms», maerommit YEmpepcatpHoe sHaveuMe jmA yuennA oO ssicureli nepsnoit Aesteatuoctm, smaseres BMIpaxKeRMeM O70 aaKo- vomepnocra, Henuo Gxarogapa xouoauexnio pegueKca monkpense- Mem p YsenMM 06 yenosustx peihmeKcax GuiM0 nano Kopenuoe upeodpasonanme pediextopnoti teopum Jlexapra. Toano Tax xe «saxon adbektay, npentonenusti p cBoe pens Topnnaiixow xan enomenorormuecroi oMenk nononenns mxHDOT- HBX, 0 CYTH ea ecTs TOAKKO BHIeMINee BEKpAAKeHMe pasoSpaRHoli ann BBime dussoxormaecKoit saxonoMepHocte (Thorndike, 1935). Crona 2e Haxo oTRecTm H BEICKastmnaRMe JOKcKNoA 0 empencranre- MHAXY Y JKMDOTMAX, nocayaMOMICe ey OcMonok ANA MACAATETINT. exnx moctpoenmit (Yexkhil, 1929). Hecommonnio, atoit 2x0 mpo6- seme oTHocnTes 1 JoraxKa Smpwrania o rox, wro eiicTaHeM, BOaMOR- Ho, «pynononat ero peayabtarsty (Adrian — Brain, 1947, 70, Ne 1). KuGeprermxa mmpoxo eroxsaonata nero 06 oGparnstx peryannnsx, Kan B CHETEK MaMTHMax, TAK MB MpYTHX aBtomaTiTiecKHx yorpoli- erpax. Hexero m ronopurt 0 Tos, 70 TAK wasbinacwas msm0Ims Tapnantee smaseren mpamvi peaysbtatom 9Toii saxonomepno- mm. ¥ nae n Conercxow Cowse k otoit mpoGneme » mocaexume roxst HanGoxee GanaKo UoROMM, ¢ ONO cTOpOHS, neHXorOrH B Maye Hu TaK nassimaewbi yeranonon (Jl, H. Yauagse m ero corpyqmu- Ku), @ © Apyrolt cropons, ¢buawomoravecxax xaGoparopus H. C. Be- PHTOBa B MayseHMM «mpecranueHMAy KAK daxtopa, HANpaBAAOmero Tosenenne snBoTAEX (Beprton. OG ockosmsix dopsax nepnuok neuxonopsso nearenbnocts. M.—JL, Hen-so AH CCCP, 1947). Ognaxo HM B ORROM Ma YRAsAHRMIX DSM aNpaBsennil He 6x0 cnexano nomaiTKH naTb huiaNoOTMIecKYI pactmabponKy aTomy dhe omeny, = 3M Ocoennocru apfepenrnoto annapara yeaosnoze peg.sexca G caworo navana paGor uameit aaGopatopum » aTox nampanae- - nu (1932 1.) qe_orkaaanmct ot nenXonormuecksx oSosnayemtt amHx ocobeHmoctelt BEICMIeit HepsHOlt AenTenbUOCTH, HasnaD dTOT pe- Tyampyouiis Gaxrop «camennonmpyioman addepentanumy, w, Kare MowHO Geto MNAeTh ma MaTOHReERMOTO, OKABALlOcb, TO VTA’ saKONO- MepMocTs Teankos MoxtacTen GnanoxornyecKoit tpakToBKe Ges m0- Teph ee cHiTeTHMeCKOH POR B MprenocoGMTeNbHOM ToReReUINE HH nornnx. Oven» GanaKo K uamMeMy MonmManto yexornoro BoabysKenuA nogomex B nocaenuMe ross Taoxe 4 TI. C, Kynaton, we wexpuisas, ommaKo, dhumonorMdeeKAX MexanMaMon Toro XoMOMMTeNbHOrO ama para, xoropmtit peryampyer werecooGpaasioe mpuicrocoGaente sutnoT~ nox’ 1 peur yeaonnaa (Rynanos, FRypx. wen. neps. zen, 1955, 7. 5, Ne 2). Snavenue nazomennoit reopist Aan oGpACHENNA MeKoTOpHIX dtsHOAOTMNCEKHX 1M nenxtuecturx dpeHomenos: HanGoaee peiicrsennoit croponoit maxoxennsx naxx reopernue- exnx mpexerasitenttit oF apxurekType AoGanosHoro adbepentuoro autuapara Bex peditertopuuix peakiyit #musieres To, 70 ort HOBBO- AnlOoT aM pitecTH ACHOCTH x dhurailoOrMMeeKOe Coxepaanue B Te Mpotlecess, KoTOpHIe oeraBAMCE Zo cHx Mop Gea OODACHETIA. Tax, vanpmstep, wot Yoke OGpamann DimMaNMe Ha RoNpoc: MOVE My Bech “PAR KoMMencaTopuBX mpucnocoBzemnii px mapymenm Symkuum ner neerza n ono onpenenenios manpansenm, MMenHo nocoranooenmo dymntun? Marne wexannaws nanpaRsior nox Gop nce Gonee m Goce GanaKMx K noceTanonemm dymENHM peg HeKtopnsix axtos? Hpnnarne mpegeransenux 06 axnontope neiicr- BHA ReRAeT AeHEIL nece oTOT Mpouece. CxemaTiTMecKH HO OTeAbHBIA craqnay mpucnocoSaenns om yam na pie. 6. Ha nprmoxentos prcynxe non oGosnavenmen T jana apxnrerry- Pa Hopaatnoro pedirextopnoro ara, Kak ona Gora npercrantena Bo Reem mpemBInyMeM Naa0KemnT, Buemmuit pagnpaxmres, nutans baer B Kope ToAONNOTO soara OAMODpeMeHoe moaBysKenHe ncex HAM etek Kopronoro annapata yausoro agra. Axuentop ‘jelicrnuim 130. Sparxen, KaK MW Ha MpeaBAyMUMN pICYNKAX, n nEITe AoSanosmorO ammapata c ayexnaTunisir cHanss 10 oTHOIUENIO K Bone oMpe Aeaennoit oGpatuoi adybopentauun (exoMpausentias esau»). Pax cranuii, 1s06pamenmsx nox umbpoit 12, npexctannaer coGoit Noctenenny’o owomoNINIO MpHeMOCOGTeAKHOTO HoRexeUNA uoCHO Ta necentta neherta na dbynkmmo A. Kax naano na nepnoit cragmm (a), upu xelietonm npesiero nnoumero paaxpaskurean y newtpaaunok nepsnoli cucteme Gopsmpyeres mpeskumit Kosmuere nentpaseue voaGyacneninit Ka obextopmx, ax m axnentopa golicrons. Onna Ocobennoera apfepentuoee annapara yeavenoro pedacnca 35 I Pesipamemens Puc, 6, Hoeaexonatesbmae gramst Hox emearopastx npuctiocobzeni mal xo B cay pedexra » nepmepwyeckom geitermmnt, nosnmnuree peip- Hextopnoe jelictane Ne ADsReTeA UplieTIocoOTENDUBIM, K WOTOMY BOSBUKAeT KAKas-TO HoNas OGpaTHan adpepenraun, KoTopax HO contafaer ¢ sarorosmenusi axieuTopow xeiiersa. Hecovnageuxe cimomimeckit Mg0GparkeHo TopugonTATKIEAANE suMNAIIT, He MpOXO- AAU B akueUTop AclicroNA, Cambie atawTeauabiM peayaLTaTox, 5Toro Neconnajenuim sinAsoTeR TO, TO KeuTparbitaR Kepaiax cere Ma, MOGiIMNSYa Boe CBO peCYpeM, CTpowT WoHYWO cuerey NeUTpaL- HBX nos6yRxeumit adybepentHoro xapakrepa (6), noauocrbio octan- Jag pb MpexHEM BAe akKenTop elicTHus, ocKoAbKY janmenic pasapancitretb omer GiarL PagpaxcMTEsIeM AM Brome oupeRoeR- oro mpucnocobirensuoro axra, OgnaKo a oto sropoe jeiterane we act npnenocoGurensioro aiyperta A, 1, caeaonatensuo, nHoDb Tepexoucrpyipyeren Kapruua uerrpanbisx nosGymnenuit, cosnacTeR oBoe uplienocobutrebiioe pelleraite, ¢.stonoit dopaolt oGparuoit aggepenrannn (2). Ha exeme J uao6paren ntexmit pax TaKHX o- eaoyonatemsisix npuenocobxennit, cnAaaHNEIX © OGpasouANieN KarK- musit pas novo Kapraust neurpassunix agxbexropustx woabyasnennti. ax noxaawo va exeme, Tombxo wocenmAR cucTesa YenTpaaLTHX noabynememitti (2) gana uplenocoGnrexbuntit odypert A, atom mps- emo 1 contlageniio oSparHMix agibepenrantit ¢ Bos6yatAEHAMIE aT nentopa xeiiersHA. B ‘otoit cxexe cnepyer oGparurh ocoGensioe mumMaHMe ma jna oGerontenterva: 1) Konewmstic upnertocoGureabusii oddbext mpi RommeHeauunt edexra @YAKUMIT, KaK mpaniuto, ocyutecrsaneTes pyro cuetenoit neurpanuscx apiiexropmane nos6yaennit, ora Holt or wopstaabuoil, 2) axuentop seitermus, cuaauustit ¢ ocoGeuso- erawit upsienocoSurembuoro aipbexta A, ocraetes omMHAKOBLIM ma CEM NPOTAAEHIM KONMeNCATOPHNX mpucMocoGaeHuit, Ito MocaeAHICS _— = i = 386 Ocobennocru affepenrnoto annapara yearenoso pepacxca oGcrosrorseTno m ARAKeTeR ManpaBnaLOMEN Rech PAN KoMTencaTop- HX mpnenocoSnennit. J[eficrame cranosmtes écaHKNMOnNpOBaNTEn%ey TombKO B Tos cxysac, cca oGparmas adxbepenranuin OT Hero OKa- aninaetes: anexnaTnok noaGyanenitas aknentopa 1elicTamA. ‘Drum came vecs 00K KommencaTopHaLi mponece oKastDa- eres mommocrsi0 pactimponanusin Ha duamoxorMTecKOM OCHORAIEH. Ha raxos Ke ocHonanmM nomHoCTSIO pacmunhponsBactom H AB~ Jeume pUaxaecKoi erepeorumuT. OcoGsit matepec MMeloT HSTOKEHHBE HAN MpexeTasmemEA pam Gusmoxoruweckoro anamusa cuemmarsHO nemxoxorMTecKNX woRATH, Tax, RApHMep, NOHATME «sRaTHMOCTHY B OOYTeUNA x B BOCHpL- ‘ATWH BHEMMerO Mupa cOBepMeNHO OYeENARO MpercTasmneT coGok OMME M3 BapHANTOR conmazeHMA garoTOBeNHOTO YerORNOTO BOIGYz- FON ¢ OOparumnen addepenranmAMR, «aHATEMENNK AIR 9TOFO Sa ToroBTeNKOTO BoaGyatAeHA. AI mo mxer BOBMORMOCTHE B TOM AOKNAe oCTANOBMTSeR BA pa- Gorax paaa neMxororoD, AOTOAMOMINX cmon HHTepecHAIe MecaeTona- mma wa qanmow conemannn (A. P. Jypus, B. T. Auanses, H, ®. Jlo6- PHM MK AmorHe Apyre), Mo MONT n KaxkAOM FOKMAXe MORHO aitrm Ghatcrsr, noxmemamue’ pacmm>ponke ¢ MaxOMeNHEX DEINE TeO- permucciarx woaunit. Bee nonpocst o6yxexnn uayr ¢ oGnsarensnoit xoppurepyomeit poasio oOparnsx adiepertanmii, x TomKo Ha arom ocuopanuK 3 BoamorHo camo o6ysenne. Besxoe nenpapxenne onm6ox ects ne upemennstit peaysotan necopmanenns nos6ysaemmit axuentopa xeli- otoms 1 oSparman aibepexranmit or Hempannasnoro xelicrens. Bue 2TOTO MexaMMaMa MeBoaMOMNO XaK OOHAapyxeHMe omuOKM, TAK neupanaenue eo. TpyaHo Osis0 Osi cuopuTs c Tes, uTo upaKruvectat auo60e upwoSperenne Hanstkon (peveRbIx, TpyAORBIX, CHOpTHRANX H Ap.) Mer B TOM MOpANKe, KAK 970 OHINO MpeycTamIeHO Ha cxeMe Hompepsinoro KommeHcatopnoro mpucnocoOxenna (eM. puc. 6). Ha ocoGenuocrax annapara akqentopa flelicTEma ocuonaHMt Bce BITE mexanma mpenweros. HenoamoxHo Osixo Ont «naiitmy 70-70, ecm Got HeKowBiit Mpeywer BeeMm cHoMNM adijepeRTAKIN KavecTaMEt He copnanax ¢ KavecrsaMm soaGymxenuli sarorosnennoro axnenropa nelicrams, ‘Winrepecnio rae oTMermth, 870 sHasTeMDHO aaTRepaeNHNe Mt aBromaTHaRPOBanNBTe YouounOpedTekTopANe AKT XOTA H mpoTeTa- Jor ¢ YMACTHEM HCeX MpMDEACHRSX BBE KOMMIOHeHTOS OGpATHEX agepenranmi, onsaxo onm YacTo He HOXONAT M0 OcosHANuA m pas- Bmpawtea

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