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every year. The utilization of WCG as the feedstock grounds after extraction) to bring revenue to the
can significantly lower the cost of biofuel produc- entire supply chain.
tion and reduce the use of food crops. Converting
coffee oil into biodiesel has been widely studied One option for the after-extraction WCG is to be
and, in most cases, the production is divided into used as biodiesel purification material. Biodiesel
two steps: oil extraction by either organic solvent or purification is shifting away from the traditional
supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) and transester- water wash to “dry wash” approaches, which elimi-
ification of the resulting oil into biodiesel.10,11 nate water consumption and wastewater generation.
Adsorbents and ion-exchange resins have been
Solvent extraction is a tough sell to the biodiesel applied by many biodiesel producers. Depending
industry, so further research and development is on the process and the quality of crude biodiesel,
needed to search for alternative approaches. For the dry wash can cost the biodiesel producer
the current two-step process (extraction then con- anywhere from 10 cents to 50 cents per gallon
version), it is imperative to find valued-added path- of biodiesel.17
ways for the residual materials (i.e., the coffee
From our preliminary study, the after-extract WCG
demonstrated comparable purification capability to
existing commercial products, which indicates the
Although there are more than 70 coffee species, the current possibility of reducing costs by applying WCG for
coffee market is dominated by two types of coffee species: purification purposes after its usage in biodiesel
production. The replacement of commercial purifi-
Arabica and Robusta.2 cation materials with WCG can reduce the overall
production costs of biodiesel and also lower the
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